Royal Power Grows
description
Transcript of Royal Power Grows
![Page 1: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Royal Power Grows
Section 8-1 pp. 244-249
![Page 2: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Preview Questions
• How did monarchs gain power over nobles and the Church?
• What traditions of government developed under John and later English monarchs?
• How did strong monarchs succeed in unifying France?
![Page 3: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Monarchs, Nobles, and the Church
• Nobles and the Church each had their own land, taxes, and courts.
• Monarchs attempted to gain power by: – Centralizing the government – Gaining support from the middle class
![Page 4: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Strong Monarchs in England
• The Norman Conquest (1066) – William of Normandy
defeated Harold at the Battle of Hastings to become King of England
– Resulted in a blending of Anglo-Saxon and Norman cultures.
![Page 5: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Strong Monarchs in England
• Growth of Royal Power– William made nobles swear
loyalty to him above all other lords.
– The Domesday Book was a census used for tax purposes
– The royal treasury, called an exchequer, grew
![Page 6: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Strong Monarchs in England
• A Unified Legal System – Henry II established common
law • Based on customs and royal court
rulings• Applied to all of England• Undermined power of nobles and
Church• Used juries
![Page 7: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Strong Monarchs in England
• Conflict with the Church – Archbishop Thomas Becket
didn’t support Henry II’s attempt to try clergy in royal court
– Knights assassinated Becket, who was honored as a martyr
– Henry II eased attempts to regulate the clergy
![Page 8: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Evolving Traditions of English Government
• King John I – Oppressive and cruel ruler – Lost English lands to French King
Phillip II – Excommunicated by Pope Innocent III
• Magna Carta (1215) – English nobles force John to sign this
to affirm their rights – Main Idea: No one, even the king, is
above the law
![Page 9: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Evolving Traditions of English Government
• Development of Parliament – England’s legislature – Contains a House of Lords
and a House of Commons– Most important power =
power to approve taxes
![Page 10: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Successful Monarchs in France
• The Capetians – Hugh Capet was chosen as
King of France in 987 – He increased the power of the
monarchy • Hereditary rule • Pitted nobles against each
other• Gained support of Church and
middle class• Established strong bureaucracy
![Page 11: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Successful Monarchs in France
• Philip Augustus – Gave royal jobs to middle class members who
were paid – Expanded landholdings of the monarchy
• Louis IX – Model ruler – Made a saint
![Page 12: Royal Power Grows](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062501/5681668d550346895dda579f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Successful Monarchs in France
• Philip IV– Clashed with Pope Boniface over taxing clergy– Arrested the pope – he later died– New pope was a Frenchman who moved the papacy to
Avignon
• The Estates General – Representative body from nobles, clergy, and
townspeople– Had less power than English Parliament