Rotorcraft Simulation Capabilities at RNAS YeoviltonAW159 Wildcat - AH Mk1 & HMA Mk2 Mission...

Rotorcraft Simulation Capabilities at RNAS Yeovilton

Ray Rawbone, Brian Marsh

Simulation, Learning and Support Services - UK Training Operations

12 - 13 November, 2019

© Copyright 2019 Leonardo MW Ltd & Leonardo S.p.a

2 © 2019 Leonardo MW Ltd – All rights reserved

It will explore; • Particular challenges of Military Mission Simulation

• Current capability as installed including successes &

lessons learned,

• Potential for the introduction of new technology within

Training simulation.

• Benefits derived for FSTDs delivered with the a/c OEM

as prime.

• Contrast of the MAA Approval for Use against EASA

type certification regimens

• Future opportunities for both expanding & improving

Training capability

Aim: To provide an insight into the development of Rotorcraft Simulation Capabilities at

RNAS Yeovilton, used for both AW159 Wildcat and Merlin Mk4 MLSP Training.

Introduction


AW159 Wildcat - AH Mk1 & HMA Mk2

Mission capability

In addition to war-fighting roles, the highly adaptable AW159 is capable of

performing a large variety of missions including: Medical Evacuation,

Search and Rescue (SAR), Special Forces or Troop Insertion and

Transport of Internal and Underslung Loads for Vertical Replenishment.

Outstanding technology

The network-enabled helicopter includes the latest communications, navigation

systems and sensors with a wide range of Air to Surface and Sub-

Surface weapons. The Tactical Processor and Human Machine Interface

are designed to give the aircrew the winning edge in the modern

battlespace.

Inherent safety and reliability

The compact AW159 is a fully marinised aircraft, optimised for operations from

limited space on vessels in high sea states. The robust air vehicle and

high Ship Air Interface qualities, with a low footprint of support, ensure

both safe and regular operations without reliance on a logistic train.

The AW159 twin-engine multi-mission military helicopter is capable of autonomous detection, identification and attack

of Land and Naval targets, featuring state-of-the-art avionics and mission systems for excellent crew situational

awareness, along with complete suite of self-protection measures facilitating rapid tactical assessment in any theatre

of operations.

https://www.leonardocompany.com/en/products/aw159



AW101 Merlin Commando Mk4 (MLSP)

Mission Capability

Exceptional performance and comprehensive self-protection measures enable the AW101 to

operate worldwide in the most demanding theatres. The aircraft has the inherent

flexibility required to provide Tactical Troop Transport, Utility Support, Medical and

Casualty Evacuation, Search and Rescue (SAR) and Personnel Recovery missions.

Outstanding technology

The AW101 design's harnesses technologies from the forefront of industry that are fully

integrated throughout the avionics and mission suite to deliver exceptional situational

awareness, rapid tactical assessment and ultimate mission effectiveness.

Inherent safety and survivability

Extensive redundancy in structures, avionics and critical systems, combined with a three-

engine configuration and proven 30 minute run-dry transmission capability, ensures

the highest standards of safety. An advanced defensive aids suite, ballistic protection

and weapons ensures survivability in high threat environments.

Exceptional cabin flexibility

The AW101 provides customers with greater mission flexibility thanks to a comprehensive

range of equipment that enables the platform to be configured for swing role

operations. The large sliding door and rear ramp ensure rapid personnel

ingress/egress and equipment loading/unloading.

The AW101 is the most advanced, versatile and capable multi-role helicopter available today, featuring sophisticated

avionics and mission systems, coupled with long range and endurance. It provides operational persistence for all

missions.




Military Flying Training Requirements/Challenges

Transfer the Dangerous, Difficult and Expensive to Synthetic

• Critical Emergencies

• Tail Rotor, Flying Controls, AFCS

• Environmental Training

• Hot & High, Pre-Deployment

• Training requiring support from other Assets

• Deck Landing Training

• Collective Training

• Mission Training in Representative Environments

• Weaponry, Own & 3rd Party

• Defensive Aids Suite (DAS)

• Sensors (Radar, EO, AIS)

• Radios (HaveQuick, Saturn, Crypto, Data, RDF)


Military Flying Training Requirements/Challenges

• Reduction of the Cost to Train to TPS (Training Performance Standard)

• Conversion (to Type & Role)

• Maintenance of OPS (Operational Performance Standard)

• Continuation/Currency

• Collective Training across a Network (LAN and WAN)

• Theatre Entry Training


Wildcat Training Centre (WTC)

Aircrew: • 2x FMS

• 1x FTD

• 1x CPT

Maintainer • 1x AST

• 1x WAvT


Synthetic Training Design

• Physics based validated Flight Model endorsed by OEM Test

Pilots

• High Performance Visual System

• 16 Channel, 4-LED projection system

• 240°x 170°FOV providing full visual through all transparencies

• Motion Cueing

• 6 DOF, Vibration platform and Dynamic Seats

• Ability to network x2 FMS and FTD over HLA

• Mission Systems

• Radar, including ISAR and Range profiling

• EODS, including laser designation & artillery spotting

• Deck Motion and Airwake model validated against live trials


Commando Merlin Training Centre (MTC)

Aircrew: • 2x FTD

• 1x FNPT

Rear Crew: • 1x RCT


Mk 4 Rear Cabin Trainer

• High fidelity full size cabin & functional ramp

– Role Equipment

– Armaments

• Utilisation of Augmented Reality technology

– External views through all windows/doors/ramp

– Virtual front crew visible

• Simulated Hoist, Underslung Loads and

Gunnery System

• Stand alone or coupled capability with FTD

• Whole Crew Training - Interaction, malfunctions

• Common Out The Window (OTW) environment

RCT in In Manufacture


[Some] Lessons Identified

Understanding Training Needs Essential

• Driver of Fidelity

• Management of Expectations

• Development parallel to live programme

• Requirements Management is key

Properly plan for Acceptance

• Objective testing as far as possible

• Controlled Subjective Assessment

• Clarity of Minutes & Records

RA2375 Approval for Use Process

• Comparison with the live aircraft

• Material Differences Report – ownership?

• Part of Acceptance?

Stakeholder Management

• Clearly defined empowered decision makers

• Personnel Turnover


• Access to the aircraft, rigs & data

• Supporting higher fidelity

• Understanding of Material Differences

• Flight / Performance Model

• Endorsed by OEM

• Subjective assessments completed by OEM

Test Pilots / SQEPs

• Core Aircraft Models repurposed

• Increased Fidelity

• Reduced testing

• Ease of upgrade

• Configuration Management

• Through Life coherence with platform

Benefits of the Aircraft OEM to deliver Training Equipment

Optimum solution is to adopt a Partnering relationship with Simulator specialist manufacturers to lever

aircraft OEM platform knowledge with equipment delivery expertise


MAA v EASA

RA2375 MAA Approval for Use @ 1 page v EASA @ 42 pages:

“…the approver should assess material differences between the simulator and the ‘as flown’ Air System configuration…”

“When assessing the fidelity of a FSTD the following considerations, as a minimum, are applicable:

a. Handling characteristics throughout the flight envelope.

b. Performance characteristics throughout the flight envelope.

c. Mission realism.

d. Accuracy of cockpit layout.

e. Realistic systems architecture (eg software menus etc).

f. Representative visuals with sufficient acuity.

Fidelity Assessments will normally be made by a current and qualified Test Pilot assisted by Qualified Aircrew Instructors (Qualified AI) who are current and qualified on type.”

Comparison with live!!

Realism!

Against what

criteria?

Throughout Flight Envelope!!

Subjective?


Future Technologies & Enhancements

Better Cabin Trainer integration

• Improved MCC/CRM product

• Networked Cabin Trainers (cockpit & other RCTs)

• Full Motion RCT – same platform as Cockpit

Eye Tracking

• Instrument Scan displayed live & for debrief

• Lookout Assessment

Stress Monitoring

• Improved control of the sortie pace

• Understanding of Student capacity

Mixed Reality Cockpit Procedures Trainer

Classroom/Desktop Aircraft Systems Emulations

Cloud Based Visual Databases

Rotorcraft Simulation Capabilities at RNAS YeoviltonAW159 Wildcat - AH Mk1 & HMA Mk2 Mission...

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