ROOT SYSTEM ROOT IS AN underground cylindrical part of the plant which develops from radicle and...
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ROOT SYSTEM
ROOT IS AN underground cylindrical part of the plant which develops from radicle and grows vertically downward into the soil.
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characteristics
Roots are cylindrical structures. Root is positively geotropic. Buds and leaves are absent. Root is colourless due to absence of
chlorophyll. Root cap is present over the apex.
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Third Chapter Plant OrgansSection One Roots
Organ Ones that are formed by many kinds of
tissues , having certain external shape and inside structure and plant body component of carrying out certain physiological function .(review tissue)
vegetative organ (root ,stem ,leaf) Organ reproductive organ(flower ,fruit ,seed)
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Tissue The source similar to the function is the same ,
shape structure and the cell group contacting each other closely is called the tissue.
Vegetative organ : Absorb playing , make and supply the body nutriment function of the plant , making the plant body grow , development with. Including the root , stem , leaf.
Reproductive organ :Play a role in breed the later generation and extend ethnicallying. Including the flower , fruit , seed.
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absorb function transportation supportion Physiological function breeding preservation assimilation function
Medicinal value
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Radix
Ginseng
Radix
Notoginseng
Radix
Astragali
Radix
Ophiopogonis
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Part One Forms and Types of Roots
★Forms of Roots★ Root Types1 Main root and lateral root 2 Normal root and adventitious root
Types of Root system
tap root system and fibrous root system
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4 Abnormal root storage root fleshy tap root
root tuber prop root aerial root climbing root water root parasitic root
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1. Coniform root 2. columniform ~ 3. pelletly ~
4. Spindly root tuber 5. nubby root tuber
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1.Prop root 2.aerial root 3.climbing root 4.5.parasitic root
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Part Two Inner Structure of Roots Basic Structure of the Root Tip Root cap Region of Division Region of Elongation Region of Maturation
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Basic Structure
of the Root Tip
1.Maturation zone
2.Elongation zone
3.Meristematic zone
4.Root cap
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Primary Structure Epidermis
exodermis
Cortex cortex parenchyma endodermis casparian dots
passage cell
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Primary Structure of Dicotyledon Radicle
1.Epidermis
2.Cortex
3.Endodermis
4.Pericycle
5.Protoxylem
6.Metaxylem
7.Primary phloem
8.Immature metaxylem
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Ⅰ.solid view of endodermis cells ( show casparian strip )
Ⅱ.transverse section view of endodermis cells ( show casparian dots )1.Cortex cell 2.endodermis 3.casparian strip 4.pericycle
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Casparian dots or casprian strip
Passage cell
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Vascular cylinder pericycle
primary xylem (diarch , triarch ,
tetrarch,hexarch,polyarch,etc)
primary phloem ☆Definition : Exarch: The order of differentiation and maturation of
primary xylem of root is from the outside to inside, and is known as exarch.
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Formation of Lateral Root
Transverse section
of horsebean root
1 、 endodermis
2 、 pericycle
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Formation of lateral root
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Secondary Structure of Roots
①Origin and Activities of the Vascular Cambium
Cambium secondary phloem
secondary xylem
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Ⅰ.radicle ( dot and line show beginning place of cambium )
Ⅱ.cambium becomes consecutive tissue
Ⅲ.whole cambium make secondary structure
Ⅳ.cambium becomes a ring
1.Primary xylem 2.primary phloem 3.cambium
4. secondary xylem5.secondary phloem
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The transverse section of MaDouLing
Ⅰ. ( 1.phellem 2.phellogen 3.cortex 4starch grain 5.secretory cell)
Ⅱ. ( 1.phloem 2.sieve tube gang 3.cambium 4.ray 5.xylem)
Ⅲ. ( 1.xylem 2.ray)
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Secondary structure of root
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②Origin and Activities of the Cork Cambium Phellogen phellem phelloderm
Periderm and lenticel1.Origination of phellogen 2.epidermis
3.phellogen 4.phellem 5.phelloderm 6.cortex parenchyma7.supplementary cell
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Anomalous Structurethe model sketch of root anomalous structure
Ⅰ.shanglu root
Ⅱ.niuxi root
Ⅲ.chuanniuxi root
Ⅳ.heshouwu root
1.Phellem
2.Cortex
3.Phloem
4.Cambium
5.xylem
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Symbiosis PhenomenonRoot Nodule and Mycorrhiza