ROOSEVELT’S “BIG STICK” DIPLOMACY

AMERICAN ACTION TAKEN

• TREATY OF PORTSMOUTH IS NEGOTIATED

CONSEQUENCE OF THAT ACTION

• THE RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR ENDED; THE NOBEL PRIZE AWARDED TO ROOSEVELT; AMERICAN PRESTIGE INCREASED

ROOSEVELT’S “BIG STICK” DIPLOMACY

AMERICAN ACTION TAKEN

• U.S. WARSHIPS ARE USED TO ENSURE PANAMA’S INDEPENDENCE

CONSEQUENCE OF THAT ACTION

• RIGHTS TO BUILD A CANAL, TO CONTROL THE CANAL ZONE, AND TO INTERVENE IN PANAMA; THE PANAMA CANAL BUILT; U.S.-LATIN AMERICAN RELATIONS SEVERELY DAMAGED

ROOSEVELT’S “BIG STICK” DIPLOMACY

AMERICAN ACTION TAKEN

• PANAMA CANAL IS BUILT

CONSEQUENCE OF THAT ACTION

• TRAVEL TIME BETWEEN ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC REDUCED; THE POWER AND PRESTIGE OF THE U.S. ENHANCED; U.S.-LATIN AMERICAN RELATIONS SEVERELY DAMAGED

ROOSEVELT’S “BIG STICK” DIPLOMACY

AMERICAN ACTION TAKEN

• ROOSEVELT COROLLARY IS ADOPTED

CONSEQUENCE OF THAT ACTION

• U.S. ADOPTION OF DOLLAR DIPLOMACY; U.S. MILITARY INTERVENTION IN LATIN AMERICA, SPECIFICALLY NICARAGUA

WILSON’S “MISSIONARY” DIPLOMACY

AMERICAN ACTION TAKEN

• WILSON USES A MINOR INCIDENT WITH MEXICO AS AN EXCUSE TO OCCUPY VERACRUZ

CONSEQUENCE OF THAT ACTION

• DEATH OF AT LEAST 200 MEXICANS; U.S. AND MEXICO BROUGHT CLOSE TO WAR

WILSON’S “MISSIONARY” DIPLOMACY

AMERICAN ACTION TAKEN

• WILSON RECOGNIZES THE CARRANZA GOVERNMENT

CONSEQUENCE OF THAT ACTION

• U.S. COMES INTO CONFLICT WITH PANCHO VILLA

WILSON’S “MISSIONARY” DIPLOMACY

AMERICAN ACTION TAKEN

• WILSON REFUSES CARRANZA’S DEMAND TO WITHDRAW U.S. TROOPS SENT INTO MEXICO TO CAPTURE VILLA

CONSEQUENCE OF THAT ACTION

• ANTI-AMERICAN FEELING IN MEXICO INTENSIFIED; MEXICO NATIONALIZES OIL AND MINERAL RESOURCES, ADOPTS STRICT REGULATIONS ON FOREIGN INVESTORS