ROMANTICISM ( 1800 – 1810)

Romanticism > is a movement in which the artists of neo-classical period sought to break a new ground in the expression of emotion, both subtle and stormy.

> It embraced a number of distinctive themes, such as longing for history, supernatural elements, social injustices, and nature.

> Landscape painting became more popular due to the people’s romantic adoration of nature.

Characteristics: shows the height of action emotional extremescelebrated nature as out of control dramatic compositions heightened sensation

•Romantic Paintersand

their Paintings

Romantic Paintings1. Jean Louis Theodore

Gericault

Is the first French master and the leader of the French realistic school.

His masterpieces are energetic, powerful, brilliantly colored, and tightly composed.

Famous Artworks:

The Raft of Medusa

> Portrays the victims of a contemporary shipwreck. The people on this raft were French emigrants en route to West Africa.

Charging Chasseur

> His first major work revealed the influence of the style of Rubens and an interest in the depiction of contemporary subject matter.

Insane Woman

> He made of the mentally disabled that has a peculiar hypnotic power.

2. Eugene Delacroix

considered the greatest French Romantic painter of all.

the most influential to the most of the Romantic painters

Famous Artworks: Liberty Leading the People

> This painting commemorates the July Revolution of 1830, which toppled King Charles X of France. A woman personifies Liberty and leads the people forward over the bodies of the fallen, holding the flag of the French Revolution.

Dante and Virgil in Hell

> A significant inspiration from literature and authors such as Dante Alighieri and William Shakespeare

Massacre at Chios

> It pictured an incident in which 20, 000 Greeks were killed by Turks on the island of Chios.

3. Francisco Goya

Is a commissioned Romantic painter by the King of Spain.

He is also a printmaker regarded as both as the last of the Old Masters and the first of the Moderns.

Famous Artworks: The Third of May

> This painting commemorates Spanish resistance to Napoleon’s armies during the occupation of 1808 in the Peninsular War.

Saturn Devouring His son

> This artwork depicts the Greek myth of Titan Cronus who fears that he would be overthrown by one of his children, so he ate each one upon their birth.

The Burial of Sardine

> Was a Spanish ceremony celebrated on Ash Wednesday and was a symbolical burial of the past to allow society to be reborn, transformed with new vigor.

Landscape Painting

Landscape painting depicts the physical world that surrounds us and includes features such as mountains, valleys, vegetation, and bodies of water.

Landscape art ranges from highly detailed and realistic to impressionistic, romantic , and idealized.

Famous Landscape artists

1. Theodore Rousseau

Der Kleine Fischer

Landscape with a Plowman

2. Jean-Baptiste-Camille-Corot

The Church of Marissel

Le repos sous les saules

Romantic Sculptors and

their sculptures

Romantic Sculpture1. Francois Rude

was best known for his social art which inspires and captures the interest of a broad public.

Departure of the Volunteers

Jeanne D’ Arc

2. Antoine-Louis Barye

was the famous animal sculptor of all time, studied the anatomy of his subjects by sketching residents of the Paris Zoo.

Hercules Sitting on a Bull

Theseus Slaying the Minotaur

Gothic Revival Architecture

Gothic revival is also referred to as Victorian Gothic or Neo-Gothic.

Feature castellation which is characterizing crenellated walls and towers in imitation of medieval castles.

Gothic Revival became widely used in churches and civic buildings throughout the West esp. Great Britain and the United States.

Architects who used Neogothic Style

• Charles Barry

> Is the name behind Britain’s foremost Gothic Revival Monument the Westminter Palace

Westminter Palace

James Renwick

Has his crowning American work, the St. Patrick’s Cathedral

Neo-classicism and

Romanticism in the Philippines

Here in the Philippines, the ideology of Neoclassicism and Romanticism can be seen through various major artworks such as paintings, sculptures and architectural structures.

Some of the well-known contributing artists express their skills and ideas in their own respective field of specialization.

• Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo y Padilla (1855-1913)

> Was acknowledged as one of the great Filipino painters of the late 19th century and also significant in Philippine history.

The Christian Virgins being exposed to the Populace

This painting portrays two scantily clothed Christian female slaves being mocked by a group of boorish Roman male onlookers.

Juan Luna y Novicio (1857-18990

> was a painter and sculptor and he became one of the first recognized Philippine artists.

> A political activist of the Philippine Revolution

Spolarium

> This painting is a Latin word referring to the basement of the Roman Colosseum wherein the fallen and dying gladiators are dumped and devoid of their worldly possessions.

• Fernando Cueto Amorsolo(1892-1972)• > Was a National Artist in

Painting.

> Was a portraitist and painter of Rural Philippine landscapes.

Planting rice with Mayon Volcano

• Guillermo Estrella Tolentino (1890-1976)

• Was named National Artist for the Visual Arts in 1973 and is hailed as the “Father of Philippine Arts.”

U.P. Oblation

Pambansang Bantayog ni Andres Bonifacio

. Napoleon Isabelo Veloso Abueva

Is a National Artist for Sculpture

Was entitled as the “Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture”

Siyam na Diwata ng Sining

Kiss of Judas

•Let’s have a review…..

Identify the following

Romantic artists

Now, let us have the

famous artworks during the

Romantic Period

Prepare for a quiz

Identification:

1. He was a commissioned Romantic painter by the King of Spain. He was also a printmaker regarded both as the last of the “Old Masters” and the first of the “Moderns”.

2. Goya’s masterpiece that sought to commemorate Spanish resistance to Napoleon’s armies during the occupation of 1808 in the Peninsular War.

3. This painting of Eugene Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution of 1830 which toppled King Charles X of France. A woman holding the flag of the French Revolution personifies Liberty and leads the people forward over the bodies of the fallen.

4. He was a painter and sculptor, who became one of the first recognized Philippine artists and one of his famous masterpieces is the Spolarium.

5. He was a National Artist in Painting. He was a portraitist and painter of rural Philippine landscapes.

6. He was a Filipino sculptor who was named National Artist for the Visual Arts in 1973, and is hailed as the “Father of Philippine Arts”.

7. He is a National artist for Sculpture. He was entitled as the “Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture”

8. It is one of the famous works of Guillermo Tolentino and became the trademark of the prestigious institution of the University of the Philippines.

Identify the Romantic artists

Identify the following artworks

Enumeration:

29 – 30. Name the two architects who used Neogothic style.

31 – 35. List down the five Neoclassicism and Romantic artists of the Philippines.