Romantic Period · 2019. 12. 3. · THE ROMANTIC PERIOD 2 • 1820 – 1900 • Stressed emotion,...
Transcript of Romantic Period · 2019. 12. 3. · THE ROMANTIC PERIOD 2 • 1820 – 1900 • Stressed emotion,...
1820 – 1900 Romantic Period
Q4 – Spring 2006
THE ROMANTIC PERIOD
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• 1820 – 1900
• Stressed emotion, imagination, &
individualism
• Reaction against the bondage of the
patronage system and “rules” of
composing in Classical period
CONT.
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• Composers not able to make as
much $ bc they weren’t working for
the aristocracy.
• Worked on the side as teachers,
conductors, music critics, soloists
THE MUSIC
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Was mostly written for the middle class
by middle-class composers
1. Emphasis: self-expression, individual
style
2. Subjects: fantastic or dream-like
characters, nature
CONT.
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3. Nationalism – a specific national
identity. Composers used folksongs,
legends, their country’s history as
subjects.
CONT.
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4. Exoticism – dealing with far-away lands
and their exotic natures.
5. Program Music – Music that tells a
story, or is based on an idea or scene.
CONT.
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6. Pieces became MUCH longer.
> A symphony in the Classical era might
take 15 minutes. A Romantic era
symphony might take 2 hours+.
THE LIED
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• German “song”
• Short, descriptive piece for solo singer
with piano
• Example: The Erlking by Franz
Schubert
THE ERLKÖNIG
• Schubert wrote (at 18)
• Legend – whoever is touched by the king of
the elves (the Erlking) must die
• Characters: Narrator, father, child, Erlking
• Through-composed
Don’t have to
copy these
black slides
NARRATOR
Wer reitet so spät durch Nacht und Wind?
Es ist der Vater mit seinem Kind;
Er hat den Knaben wohl in dem Arm,
Er faßt ihn sicher, er hält ihn warm.
Who rides there so late
through the night dark and
drear?
The father it is, with his
infant so dear;
He holds the boy tightly
clasped in his arm,
He holds him safely, he
keeps him warm.
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"My son, wherefore seek'st
thou thy face thus to hide?"
"Look, father, the Erlking is
close by our side!
Do you not see the Erlking,
with crown and tail?"
"My son, it is only the mist
rising over the plain."
FATHER "Mein Sohn, was birgst du so bang dein Gesicht?" – SON "Siehst, Vater, du den Erlkönig nicht? Den Erlenkönig mit Kron und Schweif?" – FATHER "Mein Sohn, es ist ein Nebelstreif."
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ERLKING
"Du liebes Kind, komm, geh mit mir!
Gar schöne Spiele spiel' ich mit dir;
Manch' bunte Blumen sind an dem Strand,
Meine Mutter hat manch gülden Gewand." –
SON
"Mein Vater, mein Vater, und hörest du nicht,
Was Erlenkönig mir leise verspricht?" –
"Oh, come, dear child! oh
come with me!
For I will play games with you;
On my beach, lovely flowers
their blossoms unfold,
My mother shall give you
garments of gold."
"My father, my father, do you
not hear
The words that the Erlking
breathes into my ear?"
FATHER
"Sei ruhig, bleibe ruhig, mein Kind;
In dürren Blättern säuselt der Wind." –
ERLKING
"Willst, feiner Knabe, du mit mir gehen?
Meine Töchter sollen dich warten schön;
Meine Töchter führen den nächtlichen Reihn,
Und wiegen und tanzen und singen dich ein." –
"Be calm, dear child, you are
deceived;
the wind is only blowing
through the leaves."
"Will you go, then, dear child,
will you go with me there?
My daughters shall take care
of you with sisterly care
My daughters by night on the
dance floor you lead,
They'll cradle and rock you,
and sing you to sleep."
SON
"Mein Vater, mein Vater, und siehst du nicht dort
Erlkönigs Töchter am düstern Ort?" –
FATHER
"Mein Sohn, mein Sohn, ich seh es genau:
Es scheinen die alten Weiden so grau. –"
"My father, my father, do you
not see,
How the Erlking is showing
his daughters to me?"
"My son, my son, I see it
aright,
'Tis the old grey trees
deceiving thy sight."
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ERLKING
"Ich liebe dich, mich reizt deine schöne Gestalt;
Und bist du nicht willig, so brauch ich Gewalt." –
SON
"Mein Vater, mein Vater, jetzt faßt er mich an!
Erlkönig hat mir ein Leids getan!" –
"I love thee, I'm charmed by
your beauty, dear boy!
And if you aren't willing,
then I'll use force."
"My father, my father, he
seizes me fast,
For the Erlking has hurt me
at last."
NARRATOR
Dem Vater grauset's, er reitet geschwind,
Er hält in Armen das ächzende Kind,
Erreicht den Hof mit Müh' und Not;
In seinen Armen das Kind
The father shudders, he rides
swiftly,
He holds in his arms the
shuddering child;
He reaches the courtyard
with toil and dread, –
In his arms the child
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NARRATOR
war
tot.
was
dead.
THE CHARACTER PIECE
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• Basically a lied for solo piano (no words)
• Descriptive of an emotion/feeling
• Example: Liebestraum (“Love Dream”) by
Franz Liszt
LIEBESTRAUM (“LOVE DREAM”) BY FRANZ LISZT
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HUNGARIAN RHAPSODY NO. 2 BY FRANZ LISZT
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HUNGARIAN RHAPSODY NO. 2 DUET – BY VICTOR BORGE 5:30-9:10-12:05
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FRANZ LISZT
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• 1811 – 1886, Hungarian
• Wanted to be the Paganini
of the piano
• At 19, went into seclusion, practiced
8-12 hours per day
• Emerged as one of the greatest pianists of his time
Fun Fact:
Liszt would often have
an extra piano or 2
backstage during his
concerts so he would
have a replacement
if/when he broke the
strings on one.
THE SYMPHONIC POEM
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• Basically a character piece for orchestra
• Invented by Liszt
• Examples:
- The Moldau by Bedrich Smetana
- Romeo and Juliet by Peter Tchaikovsky
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THE MOLDAU (EXCERPT)
BY BEDRICH SMETANA
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ROMEO AND JULIET – “LOVE THEME” BY PIOTR TCHAIKOVSKY
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RICHARD WAGNER
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• 1813 – 1883, Germany
• Increased size of orchestra to 100+,
added trombones & tubas
• Best known for operas – required huge
groups, large expensive scenery &
costumes. As a result, it was hard to
perform them bc it was so expensive.
WAGNER (CONT.)
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• Ring of the Nibelung (The Ring Cycle)
– 4 operas, takes 4 days
• Created leitmotif – short recurring
phrase connected with a
particular person, place, or idea.
• Ex: Darth Vader theme
RIDE OF THE VALKYRIES BY – RICHARD WAGNER
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IMPRESSIONISM
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• Painting technique created by Monet,
soft, blurred details, up close – tiny
dots/smudges, far away – full picture
comes together
• Ex: Water Lilies
A Sunday on La Grande Jatte
WATER LILIES CLAUDE MONET
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A SUNDAY ON LA GRANDE JATTE CLAUDE MONET
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CLAUDE DEBUSSY
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• French Impressionist composer
• Depicted same idea with his music
• Example: Claire de lune
CLAIRE DE LUNE BY – CLAUDE DEBUSSY
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