Romanesque art

Prof. Samuel Perrino Martínez. SEK Les Alpes

1Romanesque Art


2 Romanesque Art

General features Key features Important monuments in Spain Santa María del Naranco Pórtico de la Gloria


3 Romanesque

Artistic style developed in Europe from X to XIII century

In the XIX century, it was called “Romanesque” because the people thought the style was based on Roman style (they were wrong)

This art was mainly religious (religious society) and it was the first common art style in Europe


4 The St. James Way and the Romanesque Art

The St. James Way was a manner to spread Romanesque Art in the Iberian Peninsula

This pilgrimage route was really important during M.A, and it was really useful for the exchange of ideas


5 Key elements of Romanesque.

There is a strong symbolism in the Romanesque churches:

The Churches and the pillars had Latin Cross Base, to represent the sacrifice of Jesus

The dome represents the Heaven The pillars represents the Apostles The walls of the Church represents the

believers (each stone was a person) The Romanesque Churches were dark

and silent to allow people to think in God


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7 Key elements of Romanesque Art. The materials

Churches were built with strong materials, and Romanesque churches were built with big blocks of stone (ashlars, esp: sillares)

Sometimes, the architects leave a special mark (a kind of signature) in the stones

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-sQBo-_yqLg&list=PLD0DB87F7B4DD946A&index=39


8 Key elements of Romanesque. The semicircular arch

Romanesque Churches have semicircular arches (Arco de medio punto)

This simple arch was invented by Romans, but it was developed during Middle Ages


9 Key elements of Romanesque. The dome

They built impressive domes made by stone through two different techniques:

The technique of “Half Barrel Vault” (Bóveda de medio cañón)

- This domes were supported by foothills (buttresses, esp: contrafuertes) or/and internal arches.


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11 Key elements of Romanesque. The dome

The technique of the “Edge Vault” (Bóveda de arista) was more complicated

- It was based on the mixture of two half barrel vaults


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13 Important Romanesque Monuments in Spain. Santa Maria del Naranco

It is the earliest representation of Romanesque (Pre-Romanesque) art in Spain

It is curious because initially it was not a chuch. This was the palace of the first Christian kings and it is conserved in Asturias (4 km. from Oviedo)

Finally, the palace was converted in a church


14 Important Monuments. San Isidoro de León

This is probably the Church with most Romanesque features

The name comes from a famous bishop from Seville


15 Important Romanesque Monuments in Spain. Portico de la Gloria

Portico de la Gloria was made by “Mestre Mateo” and it is conserved in Santiago de Compostela (it is the only Romanesque part conserved)

The “Portico de la Gloria” represents Jesus with the 12 Apostles, and it is considered the most detailed representation of the Romanesque Art


16 Pórtico de la Gloria

Romanesque art

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