Roman Republic/Empire

Advantage’s of Rome’s location?

• Peninsula

• Midpoint of Mediterranean Sea

• Vast rich farmland

In 509 B.C., Romansoverthrew the Etruscan king (tyrant)

Rome began as acity state with a monarch.

part of the official title of a king

Republic

System of Government where the people have the power to work and chooseleaders

All ___________ have the right to vote

2 executiveconsuls

Poor/Slaves/Newcomers Patrons

Status and influence

Land-owningAristocracy

Real powerReal power of important

decisions

ClientsStrikes &Refusals

To do duty

Tribune of the people

Peoples

CitizenFarmers/traders

Hold publicOffice for

Marry patricians

Veto Lawsmade bysenate

12 StoneTablets in

forum

What is the Significance of the Twelve Tables?

• The Foundation of Roman Law

• Settled dispute between Patricians and Plebeians

• The Earliest Surviving piece of Literature coming from the Romans.

• Held the Society together

Punic WarsPunic Wars

Punic WarsPunic Wars

• 1st War: Rome wins and gains Sicily

• 2nd War: Hanibal crosses the Alps and invades Italy. He does much damage but is unable to take Rome

• 3rd War: Roman Politicians convince the Roman military to attack Carthage.

- Carthage is destroyed- The people are killed or sold into slavery-- Romans pour salt on the fields to make them barren

Republic Collapses

• Rome’s victory in Carthage brought conflict between the rich and poor in Rome

(Civil War)• Triumvirate (three leaders) formed.• Civil War between three leaders• Generals are popular with discontented

(unhappy) citizens • Julius Caesar made reforms and

increased his popularity

Republic Collapses

• Julius Caesar wins civil war and becomes absolute ruler

• Members fear that he is becoming to powerful, kill him

• Augustus, Caesar’s nephew take over power

Octavian Augustus

Pax Romana - Roman Peace

MajorBeliefs

ImportantPeople

Goals

Laws/Codes

Text/Books

Impact

ChristianityChristianity

- Bible- Old Testament- New Testament

- Golden Rule- Morality (right & wrong)

- 10 Commandments- Dietary Laws (fasting,

no meat on Friday)

- Roman Emperor Constantine converts

- Eventually all Roman citizens become Christians

- Jesus = Savior/Messiah- Baptism

- Monotheistic- Resurrection

- Holly Trinity (Father, son,holy spirit)

- Heaven- Spiritual Morality

- Jesus-12 Apostles/

Disciples-Priests/Bishops/Pope

- Peter, Paul- Constantine

•Period of peace(Golden Age)

•Architecture - dome style•Engineering roads

& bridges•Language – Latin

•Christianity emerged

Downfall of theEmpire:

Decline of Rome

•Employment, good ruler, civil to his people

•Named his successor

•Octavian Augustus •Absolute Ruler

•Autocracy – 1 person rule

Roman EmpirePax Romana

27 BC – 476 AD

•Are selfish & lazy•Low morals

•Patriotism is down

•Heavy taxes•high unemployment

gap between rich and poor

•Mercenaries- Army full of hired soldiers

with divided loyalties•Invasions

•Oppressive gov’t loss or pop support

•No way to choose next emperor•Strongest general became emperor

•Gladiators

Downfall of theEmpire:

Decline of Rome