ROMAN HISPANIA

PRE-ROMAN PEOPLE

• Before roman conquest, the Iberian Peninsula was divided into two different cultural groups: the Iberians and the Celts

Iberians • The Iberians occupied the eastern part of the Peninsula

Iberian politics • The Iberians organised in city-states governed

by kings or chieftains

• They lived in fortified villages with rectangular houses built straight in a line

Iberian culture

• They used writing and did beautiful sculptures such as the Lady of Elche

Celtic people

• Celts inhabited small fortified villages called castros in the north of the peninsula

• They were organised in clans and tribes led by chieftains

• They had no writing and their sculptures were not so beautiful as the iberian ones

Verraco

ROMAN HISPANIA

• Romans arrived in the Peninsula during the Punic Wars against Carthaginians

• To fight Hannibal, general Publius Scipio arrived in Ampurias and began the conquest of the Peninsula in 218 BC

• The conquest of Hispania took 200 years because the celtiberians resisted against Roman armies (Numantia -133 BC-)

• Homework: pg 147 act. 2

KEY Stages Chronology Modern territories

First

218 – 170 BCE South and eastern coast of the Peninsula

Second

154 – 133 BCE The Meseta

Third

123 – 121 BCE Balearic Island and more territories in the Peninsula

Fourth

29 – 19 BCE Cantabria, Asturias, Castille-Leon and parts of Galicia

Numantia

The siege of Numantia • The inhabitants of Numantia

fought against the Roman legions for twenty years. In the year 133 BC the general Publius Cornelius Scipio was given orders to capture the city. The general avoided direct confrontation with the numantians by surrounding the city for several months. Most of the defendants of the city preferred to set fire to it and die rather than surrender

ROMANISATION: gradual adaptation to the Roman way of life made possible

by

• Romanisation Factors (book pg 145):

– The army

– The cities

– Latin

– Public constructions ( ROADS)

ROMANISATION • In order to administrate the Peninsula,

Romans divided Hispania into provinces

Roman Hispania

Theatre of Mérida

Aqueduct of Segovia

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I3z_SZbw1_4

• From 1,25