The Romans. “All roads lead to Rome.” “Rome was not built in a day.” “When in Rome...”
Roman Architecture Arches The Romans built arches for support of their structures. The Romans built...
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Transcript of Roman Architecture Arches The Romans built arches for support of their structures. The Romans built...
RomanArchitecture
Arches• The Romans built
arches for support of their structures.
• The Romans built arches into all their buildings such as aqueducts and Triumphal Arches.
Aqueducts
Aqueducts- a way to carry water
• There wasn’t enough water in the city of Rome.
• The Romans brought water in from the surrounding countryside.
• The water was brought in by tubes called aqueducts.
Why arches?
• Water is heavy stuff.
• The Romans needed a structure strong enough to hold all that water to move it from the mountains into the city.
Where did the water go?
• The water was transported in concrete tunnels.
• The tunnels were underground if possible.
• Sometimes the tunnel had to go above ground.
How did the aqueduct work?
• The water flowed in a tube on the top of the aqueduct called a water channel.
• The arches supported the water channel.
What did the water channel look like?
• The water flowed through a rectangular channel.
• The channel was lined with concrete.
• The Romans invented concrete.
Where else did the Romans use arches?
•Arches of Triumph•Buildings
•Roofs•Windows•Doorways
•City wall entrance doors
Arches of Triumph-to celebrate military
success
An Amphitheatre;a place for sporting and gladiatorial events. They were always circular. The one in Rome was named the Coliseum and could hold 50,000
spectators.
The Coliseum was a blend of Greek and Roman
architecture• The arches are
supported by central columns.
• The columns on the first floor are Doric.
• The columns on the second floor are Ionic.
• The columns on the third floor are Corinthian.
Wealthy Romans, called patricians had the best seats. Middle-class
citizens called plebeians, sat in the higher seats. Slaves, if they could afford it, sat in the highest seats.
The Pantheon-a temple to all the gods
How does an arch work?Keystones
• The keystone is the red stone at the top of the arch.
• The keystone is what the weight rests on.
How does an arch work?Voussoirs
• The semi-circular stones on either side of the keystone are the voussoirs.
• The voussoirs bring the weight to the columns that go to the ground.
How does an arch work?Buttressing
• The square or rectangular blocks between each arch are buttresses.
• The buttresses make a column that takes the weight all the way to the ground.
Modern arches
Hotel Roanoke
US Capital
Dominion Towers
Office in Tyson’s Corner
Your Task
• Go to your seat.• You are going to
draw an arch.• Just follow your
teacher’s directions and you can do it!
First
• Use the yogurt lid to draw a semi-circle.
Second
• Add legs to your semi-circle.
• Now you have an arch.
Third
• Draw a smaller arch inside the first one.
Fourth
• Draw a Keystone at the top of the arch.
Fifth
• Now draw the Voussoirs that hold the Keystone in place.
Sixth
• Draw a second arch next to the first one.
• Go through the same steps.
Seventh
• Connect the arches with buttresses.
• You did it!• Success!