Roll a-way storm protection

by QMI

Preparing for the Inevitable Hurricane Review and Approval

Documents WorkshopSession 1

Hurricane History, Storm Forces, Purposes of Shutters, Basic Shutter Design, Requirements and Product Engineering.

Session 2

Overview of Shutter Types : Features, Advantages and Limitations.

Session 3

Proper Installation and Review

Session 4

Facts and Misunderstanding of Impact Glass.

Session 5

QMI Security Solutions – Beyond the Hurricanes.

Shutter Design and Engineering

Function & Purpose of Shutters Storm Forces – What Shutters Protect

Against! Building Codes – Basics of Wind Design Testing, Criteria How to Read & Interpret Product Approval

Drawings Structural Attachment Issues Overview of Shutter Types

A Reminder of What We Are Up Against

A Reminder of What We Are Up Against – Part 2

Hurricane Financial History

Hurricane/Cat Year Cost

Katrina/3 ’05 $105,840,000,000

Andrew/5 ’92 $45,561,000,000

Ike/2 ’08 $20,587,000,000

Ivan/3 ’04 $19,832,000,000

Charley/4 ’04 $15,820,000,000

Irene/1 ’11 $15,800,000,000*

* Puerto Rico damage $500,000,000 est.

The “Deadly 4” Storm Forces

Tidal Surge

Wind

Wind-Driven Rain

Flying Debris

Why Protect Glazed Openings?

How Do Shutters Protect Openings?

Shutters act to do the following to greater or lesser extents depending on shutter type:

Repel debris impacts

Dissipate or “average out” direct wind force.

Buffer against effects of wind-driven rain

After Hurricane Andrew In 1992

Shutters And The New Codes Were Developed To Protect Homes And Opening From

Hurricane Force Winds

Is This True in Real Life?

Do Shutters Always Work?

Shutters that are designed and tested to withstand a given level of wind force and missile impact that are properly installed according to engineering documents WILL withstand these conditions. Failures result from: Improper design Improper installation Actual conditions that exceed design limits

Examples of Shutter Failure during Hurricane Ivan (none are Roll-a-way!)

Improper Shutter Design Improper Shutter Installation

Design of Shutters

MINIMUM standard is what is required under current building code in your area!

In Florida, the relevant code is the Florida Building Code, 2010 edition. Exception: Miami, Broward and Monroe Counties – Miami-Dade Standards

In Texas, the standards developed by TDI (Texas Department of Insurance) are used.

Elsewhere, the International Building Code (IBC) is most prevalent – very similar to FBC

Questions You Hear in the Field

How many mph are your shutters good

for?

Are these hurricane rated

shutters?Are all of your shutters Dade rated?

All of these and others reflect a PART of the picture, but not the complete picture!

Shutter Design – Step One:Determine the Wind Zone

Step Two: Convert Wind Speed to Wind Pressure (Design Pressure)

What you need to know to do this: Use code-specified ASCE 7 Wind Chart - for

FBC 2007 and IBC 2006, relevant version is ASCE 7-05

Determine building location – will allow determination of Exposure Category

Determine building height (mean roof height). Determine approx. roof pitch. Determine approx. dimensions of building.

Exposure Category – B vs. C

Exposure Category B: Typically urban and

suburban areas. Numerous closely

spaced obstructions having the size of single-family homes

Exposure Category C: Typically locations on

open terrain Obstructions scattered

and less than 30 ft in height.

APPLIES TO ALL COASTAL AREAS in hurricane prone regions

IF IN DOUBT, USE CATEGORY C OR CHECK WITH LOCAL BUILDING DEPARTMENT!

Building Zones

End Zone

“a” = 10% of smaller building dimension

Interior (or Internal) Zone

Note: On pitched roof, h is the distance from the ground to half the total rise

So Why Do Design Pressures Matter?

Design Pressure affects:

1. Allowable shutter span.

2. Fastener type and spacing that must be used.

3. Shutter components that can be used.

4. Intermediate supports (i.e. purlins for roll-up shutters).

Example

h = 20 ft

a = 5 ft (10% of 50 ft)

Example (cont.)

End Zones

1 5432

Openings 1 & 5 are in the end zone; 2,3 and 4 are in the interior zone

Example (cont.)

Duval County (120 mph) Shutters for Openings

1& 5 must meet +30.5/-44.7 psf

Shutters for Openings 2, 3, and 4 must meet +30.5/-33.1 psf

Puerto Rico (145 mph) Shutters for Openings 1 &

5 must meet +45.2/-60.2 psf

Shutters for Openings 2, 3 and 4 must meet +45.2/-48.9 psf

So, Let’s assume the building is in Exposure C

So, let’s design a roll-up shutter installation for Opening #5

Step 3: Assess the Installation

Take basic height and width measurements Select the candidate shutter type(s) Determine the wall system (i.e. poured

concrete, CMU, wood frame)

Step 4: Verifying the Installation

For the shutter type(s) in question, locate the appropriate engineering drawing: For FBC Product Approvals, these can be

obtained by download from www.floridabuilding.org

For Miami-Dade Approvals, these can be obtained by download from http://www.miamidade.gov/buildingcode/pc-search_app.asp

Verifying the Installation: Span

Determine the span as the dimension between structural attachments.

Height of shutter is the span dimension for accordion and Bahama shutters. It may be the span dimension for storm panels (vertical panel orientation) and wind screen

Width of shutter is span dimension for roll-up shutters, Colonial shutters, and may be the span dimension for storm panels (horizontal panel orientation) and wind screen.

Verifying the Installation: Substrate

IMPORTANT: In order to use Product Approval Drawings for shutter design, the type of material to which the shutter will be attached must appear in the drawing.

Typically, poured concrete, CMU and wood frame are given in the drawings.

Verifying the Installation: Specific Mounting Condition Identify the particular drawing that shows the

components that you wish to use – note any potential discrepancies between what you propose to do and what is drawn.

Drawings will detail fastener type, point to charts that give fastener spacing, show other components that may be used, etc.

Verifying the Installation - Summary

If the span is acceptable based on your design pressure, and;

If the substrate to which you will attach is given in the Product Approval Drawing, and;

If the way you intend to install the shutter is shown,

SUCCESS!

Example: Assumptions for Opening #5

Walls are made from CMU, filled around opening,

Opening dimension is 180” x 96” Mounting track directly to the wall

Example: Wind Design (Steps 1&2)

In Coastal Duval County, Basic Wind Speed is 120 mph, Exposure C – End Zone; Design Pressures = +30.5/-44.7 psf

In Puerto Rico, Basic Wind Speed is 145 mph, Exposure C – End Zone; Design Pressures = +45.2/-60.2 psf

Example – Assess the Installation (Step 3) Product Choice – Roll-a-way AL6E Substrate – CMU Dimensions of Opening are 180” x 96”

Example – Verify the Installation: SPAN For Duval County, max.

pressure is -44.7 psf – max slat span is 197”; the proposed span of 180” is ALLOWED

For Puerto Rico, max. pressure is -60.2 psf – max slat span is 160”; the proposed span of 180” is NOT ALLOWED

Excerpt from Roll-a-way/QMI AL6E Product Approval Drawing FL5825

Example – Verify the Installation: SUBSTRATE & MOUNTING CONDITIONS

Concrete/CMU Wall Mount of Roll-Up Shutter is specifically listed as a condition on the product approval drawing.

Substrate is acceptable. Proposed mounting is

acceptable.

Excerpt from Roll-a-way/QMI AL6E Product Approval Drawing FL5825

Review The Approval Documents

Florida-Building-Code-Approval-FL-5825-R2.pdf

But What Do We Do in Puerto Rico?

Choose a different product that has acceptable span;

Choose a different product that utilizes the height as span (i.e. an accordion shutter);

Choose a different product that utilizes purlins (intermediate storm bars)

If critical for particular product, inquire about site-specific engineering.

Impact Standards

Tested under specific conditions outlined by test protocols – ASTM E1886/1996 is most common. TAS 201/202/203 is used by Miami Dade County and recognized by FBC. Either is recognized by IBC.

For FBC & IBC, penetration of test object is allowed, as long as a tear is not greater than 5” x 1/16”, or if a hole, that it is not larger than 3” at the widest point.

What Does Large Missile Impact Rating Mean?

What Does Large Missile Impact Rating Mean?

Under ASTM E1886/1996, this could have various meanings at different wind speeds!

Usually, this is understood to be “Missile D” – a 9 lb 2x4 fired at 50 fps (approx.30 mph)

TAS201/202/203 all refer to the 9 lb 2x4 at 50 fps.

After impacting, the shutter is subjected to cyclic wind load testing and must pass.

What Does Small Missile Impact Rating Mean? Under ASTM E1886/1996, the test involves

firing 10 2g steel balls at the shutter at 130 fps (approx. 88 mph)

Shutter is subjected to the same cyclic wind load testing as for Large Missile Impact test.

Why Is Impact Resistance Important?

Gives a measure of how well the shutter performs against windborne debris.

Code (FBC2007 & IBC2006) requires Large Missile Impact level of protection at 0-30 ft of building height, and Small Missile Impact above 30 ft.

What is Miami-Dade Compliance?

Often misunderstood by the general public – refers not only to the product but many details concerning installation.

Methodology is the same as other codes, with important exceptions! Deflection Requirement – at maximum

deflection, shutter cannot be closer than 1” to the glass.

Much stricter pass/fail for impact tests – no penetration of shutter permissible.

How Does Miami-Dade Code Affect You? Do you live in Miami-Dade County? If not, is Miami-Dade Code specified by an architect

or contractor as part of a bid proposal? Or, is it just a customer’s whim based on a buzzword

he/she has heard??

The Bottom Line: We have products that fulfill Miami-Dade criteria, but with greater limitations in style and features, and with greater expense. Does the customer really need it?

Water Infiltration through Glazed Openings Occurs when rain is driven

into openings by storm force winds.

Any operable opening is susceptible, but sliding glass doors are the worst.

While doors must be rated to withstand the same wind pressures as shutters, code only requires modest performance against water infiltration – often as little as 15 psf!

Effect of Shutters on Water Infiltration

Most shutters will greatly improve water infiltration, but will not stop it.

Well-designed and installed roll-up shutters have potential to virtually stop water infiltration – bottom slat can form a seal with deck, or window sill.

Extreme Water Infiltration Test

End – Session I

Questions?

Discussion?

Session II – Overview of Hurricane Shutters

Until This Decade, This Was the Standard:

Each Shutter Type Has Unique Profile of: Aesthetics Ease of Deployment Performance Characteristics Daily Use Features (Secondary Benefits) Cost

Roll-Up Shutters

Best form of protection against ALL storm forces; unparalleled performance against wind-driven rain

Numerous motorized or manual means of deployment

Can be installed directly over windows/doors or as balcony enclosure.

Available in several colors, aluminum or vinyl slats, retained or non-retained systems

Roll-Up Shutter Installation Examples

Roll-Up Shutters – Secondary Use Benefits!

Use Every Day for: Security Privacy Insulation against unwanted heat, noise, and light Fingertip control of room lighting

Accordion Shutters

Simple to deploy. Cost-effective storm

protection Excellent economical

choice for balcony enclosures.

Used often for upper-floor operable window protection.

Excellent all-around shutter with exceptional value

Accordion Shutter Applications

Bahama Shutters

Made from durable extruded aluminum

Powder coated finish Adds “Islands flair” to home Reduces light, adds privacy Easy to deploy Available as impact rated

version, or decorative blade spacing.

Tubular slat or decorative, low-cost bent metal slat

Colonial Shutters

Tough extruded aluminum construction, powder coated finish.

Adds “traditional” flare to home

Easy to deploy Available in impact or

decorative blade spacing (tubular slat), or in bent metal decorative slat.

Available as bi-fold (or tri-fold) for protection of larger openings.

Storm Panels

Economical protection, requires manual deployment

Panels made from aluminum, galvanized steel or impact-resistant polycarbonate plastic.

Wide variety of header/sill options; panels can be vertically or horizontally oriented.

In-Place Stainless Steel Impact Screens Heavy-duty extruded aluminum

frame, durable powder coated stainless steel mesh

Always in place, no need to deploy.

Reduces light, solar heat gain. Protects against debris

impacts. Provides security protection Available for arched and non-

rectangular openings.

In-Place Stainless Steel Impact Screens

ENVIRONMENT DESCRIPTION CLEANINGINTERVAL

Mild More than 6 miles fromBeachfront or sheltered bay

Every 6Months

Moderate ½ mile to 6 miles from beach -front or sheltered bay

2 to 3Months

Marine Up to ½ mile from beachfrontOr sheltered bay

2 to 4Weeks

Fabric Wind Screen

Can be mounted directly over openings or as balcony enclosure.

Manual, mechanized or motorized deployment.

While impact resistant, fabric’s deflection is high, which can allow glass breakage.

Modest cost.

Impact Glass

To be discussed later.

Hurricane FilmIt Doesn’t Exist*

“There were several IMMEDIATE AND VERY SERIOUS ISSUES which were discussed that could cause immediate enforcement action against individuals or individual companies. The first of these is the use of statements such as safety/security films being “shutterless” hurricane protection; that is, implying that if these films are installed, there is no need to consider shutters or other Florida-approved methods of hurricane protection. This statement, used alone, could clearly be considered misleading or false.”

International Window Film Association

*Residential Use

The “Typical” Installation – A Little Bit of Everything!

Session III -Proper Installation

Impact GlassFact and Misunderstandings


Impact Windows Are Not Designed to Stop Water

Infiltration!


In Fact, They Only Need To Perform To 15% Of The

Design Pressure For Water Infiltration


Mold and Mildew Starts to Grow Within 48 Hours.


Generally When There is a Wind Event Power is Lost…

Sometimes for Several Weeks


A Small Rock Impacting The Glass Causes The Same Damage As The

Tested 2 x 4


Replacing An Impact Rated Window Is Very

Expensive…

Even When They Performed As Designed


Many Experts Believe That After The Next Big Event

Impact Glass Will Be Required On All Openings……..


With A Hurricane Shutter Protecting Them!!

Roll a-way storm protection

Business

Transcript of Roll a-way storm protection