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Role of Rythu Bazars in Urbanisation - S.P. Krishna Veni
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Transcript of Role of Rythu Bazars in Urbanisation - S.P. Krishna Veni
ROLE OF RYTHUBAZAR IN URBANISATION
– A CASE STUDY OF HYDERABAD
S.P. Krishna Veni
Introduction:
It is a long felt need to have a ready-made platform for those aspiring
to have a big shopping, modern yet simple and accessible to all people of all
income groups. On the basis of this the idea of ‘Apna Bazar‘ came about
more than a decade back before the Govt. of Andhra Pradesh initiated the
“Rythu Bazar“ and “Gruha Mitra Schemes“.
Rythu Bazar or Farmers market is the market where the marketing
between the farmers and consumers is done directly by eliminating the
middle men and commission agents. These middle men or commission
agents charge high level of commission fee from the farmers who come to
market yards to sell their agricultural produce. This leads to rise in prices of
these products to benefit the middle men at the cost of the farmers and
consumers. Direct marketing helps in complete elimination of middle men
and ensures higher remuneration to the farmers and greater satisfaction to
the consumers in obtaining agricultural commodities at affordable prices.
Therefore, Rythu Bazar is one of the farmer’s friendly direct marketing
systems in operation in Andhra Pradesh. A ‘model bankable project‘ for Rythu
Bazar has been developed to create awareness about the development of
agricultural marketing among bankers, financial institutions, potential
entrepreneurs in private and co-operative sectors, farmers groups, Govt.
functionaries etc.
In view of the above, we made a modest attempt to study the role of Rythu
Bazars in Urban areas. Hyderabad choosen for our anysis.
Objectives
1. To examine remunerative prices to the farmers and provide fresh
vegetables and other
products to consumers at reasonable rates everyday.
2. To facilitate prompt realization of sale produces to farmer without any
deductions.
3. To enable and facilitate proper weighments and to curb malpractices in
weighments in
providing vegetables and farm produce.
4. To examine direct interface between farmers and consumers –
eliminating intermediaries
in trade.
Paper is submitted at Two Day National Seminar on Urbanisation in India:
Problems & Prospects “ held at Dept of Economics, University college for
women, Koti On 24-25th Jan 09
*Research Scholor, Dept of Economics, Osmania University, Hyderabad-7.
I am grateful to Prof. A K Vasudevachary for his academic support in
Preparing this paper.
Methodology
The study covers both the primary and secondary data. Descriptive
research is most suitable. The primary data was collected by interview
method by using structured questionnaire. For the purpose of study, the data
has been collected from nine Rythu Bazars of Hyderabad district or GHMC
[The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation].
Sources of data
The secondary data was collected from the published records, journals,
magazines, web portals, news papers, and through general discussions with
government officials of Rythu Bazar.
Sample technique
Universe: Farmer vendors marketing their produce at Rythu Bazars.
Sample Area: All the nine Rythu Bazars working at Hyderabad [GHMC]
Sample size: A sample of ten to twelve farmers vendors and consumers from
all the nine Rythu Bazars of Hyderabad district totaling to a sample of
hundred each.
Techniqes used: For the present study important statistical tools are used
to derive the inferences are averages, percentages etc
Establishment of Rythu Bazars:
Initially about 49 Rythu Bazar or ‘Kisan Ki Mandi’ are initiated by the
government of Andhra Pradesh on January 6th, 1999. Within a span of nine
months, number of Rythu Bazars has increased from 49 to 102 by covering
nearly 40,000 farmers from 2,800 villages in all the district head quarters and
important cities in Andhra Pradesh.
Rythu Bazars are located on Government lands identified by the
District Collectors. The location shall have to be convenient both for the
farmers and consumers. The criteria for opening of new Rythu Bazars is the
availability of at least one acre of land in strategic locations and identification
of 250 vegetable growing farmers including 10 self help groups.
Functional infrastructure facilities in Rythu Bazar / farmers’ market:
(i)Road : The Rythu Bazar / Farmers’ Market should have wide approach
road of Minimum 6m width for customers to drive in and out of the Bazar
compound. The roads should be hard – surfaced and should have minimum
standards necessary to withstand the wear and tear due to the projected
traffic. (ii) compound Wall: The compound wall should have a foundation
depth of 1.0 m below ground level. Normally PCC of mix ratio (1: 5: 10) is put
below the foundation wall. The material to be used for foundation
construction may be stone masonry in cement mortar of concrete. (iii) Stall:
The total number of stall in each Rythu Bazar / Farmers Market will depend
upon the number of stalls to be allotted by the Department of Agricultural
Marketing to each Farmers Group / Mandal, SHG, DWACRA groups, NAFED,
Khadi and Village Industries Board, Dist. Co-op. Marketing Societies etc. In
this particular model, construction of 250 number of stall has been
considered. It is assumed that 200 stalls are allotted to farmer groups /
mandals and the remaining 50 stalls are allotted to SHG / DWACRA / BPL
groups etc. for selling other commodities to the farmers and consumers so
that the farmers do not have to move far off places to buy their consumer
items. (iv) Farmers rest room cum training center: A room of size 3.6m x
6m may be constructed to act as restrooms for the farmers. The rooms may
also be used as a training center for imparting training on nursery
development/vermicomposting/biofertilizer preparation/ integrated pest
management, nutrition management etc. (v) Small Sized Godown :
Provision may be made by the Market Functionaries/Department of
Agriculture Marketing for construction of a small 50/100 MT capacity godown
for the sellers/SHGs/DWACRA group members to store their non perishable
goods and other commodities for short durations. Depending on movement
of perishable produce in the market yard, construction of a cold storage may
be considered. (vi) Market User Common Facilities : Provision should be
made to provide market user common facilities such as (a) cleaning (b)
grading and sorting (c) weighing and packaging of the produce being brought
by the farmers for sale in the Rythu Bazar/Farmers Market. An area of 15
square meters may be provided for the office to house staff and equipment
like Computer, Printer, Typewriter, Telephone fax machine etc.
Rythu Bazars in Hyderabad District
There are 9 Rythu Bazars in Greater Hyderabad district. They are situated at
Alwal, Mehdipatnam, Kukatpally ,Kothapet , Vanasthali Puram , Erragadda,
Quthbullapur, Falaknuma, Ramakrishnapuram
(i)Alwal Rythu Bazar is in the major residential suburb of secunderabad the
twin cities of Hyderabad city. It has a population of 1, 06,424 (2001 census)
and forms part of the Greater Hyderabad agglomeration.(ii) Mehdipatnam
Rythu Bazar is in the major suburb in Hyderabad. It is a part of the old city
of Hyderabad. It is the centre for shopping for many suburbs and villages
(iii)Kukatpally Rythu Bazar is in a major residential and commercial suburb
in India. It is located on the northwest fringe of Hyderabad city. (iv)Kothapet
Rythu Bazar (Saroor Nagar) is in a major suburb of Hyderabad, Andhra
Pradesh. This is predominantly a middle class suburb. (v)Vanathalipuram
Rythu Bazar is in a residential suburb of Hyderabad. It is considered to be
the second largest residential colonies in Asia. Every third Friday of the
month is holiday for this Rythu Bazar. (vi)Erragadda Rythu Bazar is in a
developing commercial and residential area in the west zone of Hyderabad.
This Rythu Bazar is the model Rythu Bazar for Hyderabad district. Every
Friday is a holiday for this Rythu Bazar. (vii)Quthbullapur Rythu Bazar is in
a town and a municipality in Greater Hyderabad District in Andhra Pradesh.
Every third Friday of the month is a holiday for this Rythu Bazar.
(viii)Falaknuma Rythu Bazar is situated in old city area which comes under
Greater Hyderabad. Falaknuma as historical importance. It is a thickly
populated area, with majority of Muslim population. Every Friday is a holiday
for this Rythu Bazar. (ix)Ramakrishnapuram Rythu Bazarcovers a military
cantonment area. Ramakrishnapuram well known as R.K. Puram is with low
density of population. Every third Wednesday is a holiday for this Rythu
Bazar. The details of all nine Rythu Bazars are given table 1
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/rythu_bazar
Table – 1 Details of Rythu Bazars in Hyderabad District
S.
N
o
Name of
the Rythu
Bazar
Extent
area
covered
in acres
Average
distance
of farm
land
Covered
Avg. No.
of
farmers
visits
No. of
Self
helpgrou
ps
No. of Stalls
No. of
Register
ed
farmers
Average
No. of
consumer
s visiting
For
Framer
s
For
Self
help
group
s
1 Alwal 1.17 40 km 220 15 118 05 2300 4,200
2Mehdipatn
am2 50 km 450 15 350 15 5000 4,500
3 Kukatpally 1.20 72 km 360 12 280 12 4200 5,500
4 Kothapet 2 60 km 200 08 144 06 3200 4,000
5Vanathalip
uram2.2 70 km 160 08 108 08 2600 2,800
6 Erragadda 2.5 60 km 350 16 230 18 7500 6,000
7Quthbullap
ur1 80 km 120 05 46 05 1800 1,200
8 Falaknuma 1 56 km 180 09 111 09 2200 1,800
9Ramakrish
napur1 60 km 130 06 42 06 2000 1,500
TOTAL 14.07 ( 60.9 )270
( 241 )
94
( 10 )
1429
( 158 )
84
( 9 )
30800
( 3422 )
31500
( 3500 )
Note: Figures in parenthesis indicate averages.
Chief Executive Officer, Rythu Bazar, O/o Comr. & Director of Agril. Marketing,
Govt. of A.P., Hyderabad
S.
No
Name of the
Rythu Bazar
Expendi
ture to
run
Rythu
Bazar
Income / Per month
Rent from
Self Help
groups
Parking ToiletCantee
nTotal
1 AlwalBorn by
Got45,000 18,000 2,700 2,000 67,700
2Mehdipatna
m“ 45,000 50,000 3,200 4,000
1,02,20
0
3 Kukatpally “ 32,000 42,000 3,500 5,000 82,500
4 Kothapet “ 21,000 40,000 2,800 2,000 65,800
5Vanathalipur
am“ 20,000 30,000 2,900 3,000 55,900
6 Erragadda “ 36,000 80,000 4,400 5,5001,25,90
0
7 Quthbullapur “ 45,000 55,000 3,100 2,8001,05,90
0
8Falaknuma
“ 20,000 28,000 2,100 3,500 53,600
9
Ramakrishna
-puram “ 18,000 22,000 2,000 2,500 44,500
TOTAL2,82,000
3,65,000 26,700 30,3007,04,00
0
Table – 2 Expenditure and Income of Rythu Bazars at Hyderabad
District
Rythu Bazars are Govt. organizations and the whole expenditure incurred to
run, Rythu
Bazar is borne by the state Govt. of A.P. The salaries to official are paid
through Govt. Fund. The Govt. has made arrangements to raise funds for
Rythu Bazars from themselves to certain extent. These funds are raised
through rents of stalls/ sheds to self help groups, rents from canteen, toilet
usage fee and through auction of parking of space to private agencies. The
average estimated income to Rythu Bazar is estimated as Rs. 78,200. The
details are given in table 2
There is a proposal from the state government to increase the rent for
stalls allotted to self help groups by rupees 1000 each to meet the increasing
expenditure of the Rythu Bazars.
The fund raised is credited to Rythu Bazar funds and used for the
purpose of providing sanitation, drinking water facility, purchase and repair of
weighing instruments at Rythu Bazar. We can observe such an income of
different Rythu Bazars in the above table no. 2 Important vegetables
marketed through Rythu Bazars during the survey in the month August -
2008
During the survey, in the month of August 2008 in all the nine Rythu
Bazars, the data regarding the arrival of different vegetables in quintals and
their prices fixed in Rythu Bazars in comparison with the rates in open market
were collected. Accordingly the most commonly available 10 vegetables were
sorted out and analyzed the data is given in the Table
The most commonly available vegetables in nine Rythu Bazars were
found as tomato, brinjal, lady’s finger, green chilli, cauliflower, cabbage,
carrot, potato, onions, ribbed gourd and the data of their weight at entry level
were collected. To compare the prices of local market, prices were also
collected. It is significantly found that the prices at Rythu Bazar are lower
than the open market rates.
Monitoring of Rythu Bazar
Monitoring in Rythu Bazars is done every day through out the
marketing period by the Estate Officer with the supervisors. These officials
see whether the weighing scales are properly used and the farm vendors are
selling their produce at the prices fixed by them. They also check that there
are no disputes between the farmers and consumers. If they receive any
complaint from the consumer regarding the calibration of weighing scales or
price. Immediately the enquiry is made and the problem is solved. If
necessary the produce of the complained farmer is immediately seized and
suspended for sale at Rythu Bazar. Even the dispute among the farmer
vendors are also resolved by the Estate Officer. Therefore, it is observed that,
the Estate Officer and the Supervisors help in smooth running of the Rythu
Bazars.
Thus the idea of Rythu Bazars / Farmers market was an innovation to
promote the idea of direct sale by farmers to consumers without involving the
middlemen. Such innovations to remove any obstacles in marketing by
farmers could help in the removal of middlemen and money lenders.
The Rythu Bazar week is being celebrated all over the state from January 2nd
to 8th to review and improve the functioning of these Rythu Bazars. It is
generally agreed that the Rythu Bazars have stabilized the prices in the local
market, specially that of vegetables and the consumers have opined that
they get fresh vegetable at cheaper rates at least by Rs. 2 /- or Rs. 3 /- per
Kg. The vegetable consumer’s satisfaction is found to be a boon to farmer
vendors who market there farm produce at these Rythu Bazars.
ANALYSIS
Farmers Vendors at Rythu Bazar:
The socio economic characteristics of vegetables farmer vendors
selling their produce at Rythu Bazars are collected through a questionnaire
which consisted of important variables regarding their personal information
like age, sex, caste, education qualification, land holding, the different
vegetables they grow and market them at Rythu Bazars. Their economic
status and their marketing activities at Rythu Bazar were collected and
analyzed. The important factors such as the working of Rythu Bazar and the
infrastructural facilities provided for the purpose of marketing for the farmer
vendors and the customers who come to buy vegetables were also collected
and analyzed. The pertinent questions which cover to test weather the
objectives of the concept of Rythu Bazar is achieved from the farmer vendors
view point were also carefully collected and analyzed to draw the inferences.
Socio – Economic Characteristics of farmer vendors
Age:
From the sample it is found that the farmer vendors who come to
Rythu Bazars are mostly in their prime age that is 25 to 35 year, followed by
36 -50 and above 50. The details are given in the table 4
Table 4 Age and Sex of the farmer vendors who come to Rythu
Bazar in Hyderabad [GHMC]
S. No Category Male Female Percentage
- Age
1 20 - 35 55 7 62
2 36 – 50 15 10 25
3 50 above 7 6 15
Total 77 23 100
Sex:
The majority of the sample farmer vendors are male. The considerable
proportion of female farmer vendors also involve in marketing the vegetable.
While coming to Rythu Bazars at least in some cases both husband and wife
together market their farm produce. Therefore, in certain stalls, SHGs female
members and individual female members are taking part in marketing at
Rythu Bazars [table 4]
Education
Table 5 The Educational level of the farmer vendors
S.
N
o
Category No.Percenta
ge
1 Illiterates 35 35 %
2 Upto Primary 25 25 %
3Upto
Secondary30 30 %
4Above
Secondary10 10 %
Total 100 100
From the above table 5 it is found that most of the farmer vendors are
literate i.e. 65 % and only 35 % are illiterate. Majority of the literate farm
vendors have studied upto secondary followed by primary and above
secondary levels. It is also found that the youth ranging from 15-25 years of
age are literates who had education upto S.S.C. and above and the elder
farmers are mostly illiterates.
Caste wise distributions of the farmer vendors are given below
Table – 6 Caste wise distributions of the farmer vendors at Rythu
Bazars
S.
N
o
Caste No.Percenta
ge
1 ST 03 3 %
2 SC 35 35 %
3 BC 41 41 %
4Others ( F.C. &
Muslim )21 42 %
Total 100
It is found that the farmer vendors who sell their produce at Rythu
Bazars mostly belong to schedule caste i.e 41 percent followed by backward
caste 35 percent other caste which comprises of forward caste like Reddys,
Chowdarioes and Muslims 21 percent and farmers belonging to schedule tribe
03 percent. Thus most of the sample of vendors belongs to either SC or BC
caste. Therefore the Rythu Bazars are found to be very helpful to SC and BC.
However the farmers belonging to other castes like forward castes & Muslims
who mostly belong to marginal and small farmers are found to be patronizing
the Rythu Bazars [table 6]
Sources of Irrigation to Grow Vegetables
Table – 7 Sources of Irrigation for growing vegetables by the farmer
vendors to supply to Rythu Bazar
S. Sources of Total Percentag No. of Percenta
No Irrigationwet land
in acrese farmers ge
1Dry ( Rain
Fed ) land220 59.5 100 100
2Bore wells /
Wells137 37.0 64 64
3 Canals 13 3.50 6 6
Total wet land 150 40.5 70 70
Grand Total 370 100.0 100 100
In the sample of 370 acres of land only, 150Acres of land is under
irrigation facility like bore well / canals which is considered to be wet land. It
is used for growing vegetables and other produces. It is also found that about
220 Acres of dry is land also used for growing vegetables. Of the total
farmers 70 percent have wet land also. In other wards 30 percent of farmers
have only dry land, while 70 percent farmers have both dry and wet lands
[table 7]
vegetables grown by farmer vendors
Table – 8 commonly grown vegetables by farmer vendors of Rythu
Bazars
S. No.Vegetables
grown
No. of farmers grown
there vegetables
1 Tomato 62
2 Brinjal 31
3 Lady’s Finger 25
4 Potato 23
5 Leafy Vegetables 23
6 Green Chilies 22
7 Cabbage 20
8 French Beans 19
9 Cauliflower 19
10 Beet Root 14
11 Cucumber 12
12 Bitter Gourd 11
13 Ridge Gourd 10
14 Collocasion 09
15 Cluster Beans 08
16 Snake Gourd 08
17 Drum stick 08
18 Pumpkin 07
19 Raddish 06
20 Yam 06
21 Carrot 06
22 Onion 05
23 Donda 05
24 Capsicum 04
25 Green plantam 04
26 Sweet Potato 03
27 Spring Onions 03
28 Filed Beans 02
29 Green Mango 01
30 Others -
More than 30 different varieties of vegetables are supplied and sold at
Rythu Bazars besides leafy vegetables, fruit and flowers. Mostly these
varieties are grown locally. Farmers generally grow more than two or three
varieties of vegetables. The cultivation or growing of these vegetables
depends upon the season and demand.
The most commonly grown vegetables by farmer vendors to supply to
Rythu Bazar are analyzed and presented in table. Accordingly the vegetables
like tomato, lady’s finger, brinjal, green chilies are mostly grown by majority
of farmers followed by Potatoes, Cauliflower, French beans, cabbages are
some of the important vegetables grown by the farmers. Other vegetables
are grown by less number of farmers and in less quantity.
Leafy vegetables like coriander, spinach etc. are also in regular
demand, lime, drum sticks, Papaya, Mangoes etc., are also in extreme
demand and more shortage according to the farmer vendors. However it is
found that tomato is most popularity grown and demanded vegetable with 62
percent followed by brinjal, lady’s finger, leafy vegetables, capsicum etc., it is
also found that at least with 2 percent. Locally not grown vegetables are
supplied from other states and marketed by SHGs. [Table 8]
I
Income and expenditure pattern of farmer vendors at Rythu Bazars
Expenditure pattern:
Income and expenditure pattern of farmer vendors has been
analyzed. Accordingly majority of the farmer vendors ( 56 percent ) spend or
invest on an average monthly a sent Rs. 2,270 /- followed by 26 percent
spend about Rs. 4,560 /- and just 10 percent spend about Rs. 8,750 /- and
only 8 percent spend about Rs. 850 /- per month. In other words on an
average the farmer vendor spend about Rs. 3,400/- per month. The details
are presented in table 9
Table – 9 Monthly average Expenditure/Investment of farmer vendors who
come to Rythu Bazars.
S.
N
o
Investment No.Total
Investment Average
1 Upto – 1000 8 6,800 850
2 1000 – 2500 56 1,27,120 2270
3 2500 – 5000 26 1,18,560 4560
45000 -
1000010 83,500 8750
Total 100 3,39,980 3400
Average = 3,400.
Gross Sale:
In the same way average month gross sale proceeds are
estimated. Accordingly the average monthly gross sale proceeds is about Rs.
6,852/-. Almost half of the farmer vendors get Rs. 8,700/- to as high as Rs.
15,700/- while half of them get about Rs. 1,560/- to Rs. 3,765/- [table 10]
Table –10 Monthly sales proceeds of farmer vendors at Rythu Bazars.
S. No Gross Sales No.Total
InvestmentAverage
1 Upto – 2000 20 31,200 1560
2 2000 – 5000 30 1,12,950 3765
3 5000 – 10000 35 3,05,200 8720
4 10000 - 20000 15 2,35,875 15275
Total 100 6,85,225 6852
Average = 6,852.
Table 11 Problems of Formers at Rythu Bazar
S.N
o Problem
Respons
e
( N=100)
Percetag
e
1 Lack of cold storage ( infra structure) facility 98 98
2
Absence of periodical cleaning and spraying of
anti insecticides in the premises of Rythu bazar
leading to accumulation of heaps of garbage and
breeding of flies and mosquitoes 92 92
3 Lack of proper facility to dispose the spoiled 85 85
produce
4 Insufficient number of stalls 80 80
5
preference given to self help groups for
allotment of stalls 75 75
6
Existence of corporate bazaars like Reliance,
Fresh, Subhiksha, Spencers, etc., discourage
pretty formers to sell their produce at
Rythubazar 72 72
7
Walking pathways are occupied by small
vendors at the entrance 64 64
8 Stalls space is not sufficient 60 60
9
Bargaining and sorting of vegetables by
consumers 34 34
10
Fixing of Prices by Rythu Bazaar officials is
Arbitrary and some times less than the actual
market rates 30 30
11 Political influence 12 12
12
Indulging in mall practices by Rythubazar
Contract Officials 10 10
Table 12 Problems of Faced by the consumers at Rythu Bazaar
S.N
o Problem
Respons
e
( N=100)
Percentag
e
1
Prevalence of unhygienic condition emitting
foul smell and infected with flies and
mosquitoes 90 90
2 High Prizes during weekend 88 88
3
problem of parking vehicles especially
weekends 84 84
4 Location of Rythu bazars are not convenient 77 77
5 Formers do not allow sorting out vegetables 70 70
6
First grade vegetables are auctioned to
corporate bazaars only second grade produce
is for sale at rythu bazars 66 66
7
Walking pathways are congested and occupied
by small vendors 58 58
8
No much difference in the rate of commodities
compare to open market 50 50
9
Stale and fresh vegetables are mixed to cheat
the consumers 42 42
10
Some former ignored price list and charge
more 40 40
11 Currency change hinders the transaction 38 38
12 Formers refusal to sell small quantities 36 36
13
locating and identification of rythu bazar official
is difficult 20 20
Source : The Study Survey
Net Income:
Average monthly profit or net income has been estimated for
the sample farmer vendors who visit to Rythu Bazars. To estimate monthly
profit are net income, the average gross sales is taken as gross profit and
average expenditure or investment which includes labour, inputs and
transport and other over head expenditure of farm vendors are considered.
Care has been taken while estimating different variables includes cost of
seeds, fertilizer pesticides, electricity charges and labor charges including
transport charges according to the farmer vendors. Thus monthly average
profit or net income has been estimated as gross sales minus expenditure.
Accordingly the average monthly profit to an average farmer vendor has
been estimated as Rs. about Rs. 3,452 /-. Majority of the farmer vendors get
net income or profit less than Rs. 2,275 /- per month. These farmer vendors
are mostly marginal and small farmers. About 48 percent of farmer vendors
get monthly net income to the tune of Rs. 4,500 /- to Rs. 7,400 /-.
Summary:
Initially about 49 Rythu Bazar or ‘Kisan Ki Mandi’ are initiated by the
government of Andhra Pradesh on January 6th, 1999. Within a span of nine
months, number of Rythu Bazars has increased from 49 to 102 by covering
nearly 40,000 farmers from 2,800 villages in all the district head quarters and
important cities in Andhra Pradesh.
The average estimated income to Rythu Bazar is estimated as Rs.
78,200. The most commonly available vegetables in nine Rythu Bazars were
found as tomato, brinjal, lady’s finger, green chilli, cauliflower, cabbage,
carrot, potato, onions, ribbed gourd and the data of their weight at entry level
were collected. To compare the prices of local market, prices were also
collected. It is significantly found that the prices at Rythu Bazar are lower
than the open market rates.
The Rythu Bazar week is being celebrated all over the state from January 2nd
to 8th to review and improve the functioning of these Rythu Bazars. It is
generally agreed that the Rythu Bazars have stabilized the prices in the local
market, specially that of vegetables and the consumers have opined that
they get fresh vegetable at cheaper rates at least by Rs. 2 /- or Rs. 3 /- per
Kg. The vegetable consumer’s satisfaction is found to be a boon to farmer
vendors who market there farm produce at these Rythu Bazars.
Income and expenditure pattern of farmer vendors has been analyzed.
Accordingly majority of the farmer vendors ( 56 percent ) spend or invest on
an average monthly a sent Rs. 2,270 /- followed by 26 percent spend about
Rs. 4,560 /- and just 10 percent spend about Rs. 8,750 /- and only 8 percent
spend about Rs. 850 /- per month. In other words on an average the farmer
vendor spend about Rs. 3,400/- per month and the average monthly gross
sale proceeds is about Rs. 6,852/-. Almost half of the farmer vendors get Rs.
8,700/- to as high as Rs. 15,700/- while half of them get about Rs. 1,560/- to
Rs. 3,765/- the average monthly profit to an average farmer vendor has been
estimated as Rs. about Rs. 3,452 /-.
Majority of the farmer vendors get net income or profit less than Rs. 2,275 /-
per month. These farmer vendors are mostly marginal and small farmers.
About 48 percent of farmer vendors get monthly net income to the tune of
Rs. 4,500 /- to Rs. 7,400 /-. At the outset, Rythu bazaars are very much useful
for the customers as well as farmers, therefore, continous support from the
government is necessary condition.