Rogers digitalmethods 4nov2010

THE END OF THE VIRTUAL: DIGITAL METHODS PROF. RICHARD ROGERS

FOUNDATIONS OF DIGITAL METHODS

Situating Digital Methods in Internet-related research

2. How productive is the notion of the virtual for Web research?

The Web as a problem for content analysis

4. The Web as a less of problem for data analysis?

5. How to become a digital methods researcher

FOUNDATIONS OF DIGITAL METHODS > Situating Digital Methods in Internet-related research





FROM CYBERSTUDIES OVER VIRTUAL METHODS TO DIGITAL METHODS

Web as Cyberspace (1994-2000) Virtual as distinct from the real. Cyberstudies

Web as Virtual Society? (2000-2007) Virtual is part of the real. Virtual methods

Web as Virtual? Society (2007- ) 'Virtual' as indication of the real. Digital methods?

Use online data and ground claims offline, or make 'online grounded' claims?

THE LEGACY OF CYBERSPACE

[C]yberspace is now largely considered history, [yet] it is worth recognizing its continued presence in unexpected places: the U.S. Department of Defense prioritizes ‘cyberspace’ in its plans for protecting national infrastructure. At the same time, however, the National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace may be read as yet more evidence of cyberspace’s demise - if not through dismissal, then by depriving cyberspace of its revolutionary connotations to the point that it is no longer recognizable. - Michael Stevenson, 2010

Terminological persistence of cyberspace (in security studies discourse)



>2. How productive is the notion of the virtual for Web research?




THINKING ABOUT THE VIRTUAL

1) That which is not actually existing (virtual reality)2) Between the actual and the real (disembodied, time-shifted or space-shifted)3) Existing in effect (real-world effects)4) Simulated ("artificial") (virtual world)5) Representation (not the real thing)6) Counterfeit (fake) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7) Related to online research (virtual ethnography; virtual methods)v

The continued use of 'the virtual': Apologists, or field-builders?




> The Web as a problem for content analysis



MEDIA AS CONTENT?WEB AS CONTENT?

"Our typographical minds have trained us to concentrate on content, and ignore the medium." "The 'content' of a medium is like the juicy piece of meat carried bythe burglar to distract the watchdog of the mind." "typographic cultural bias""typographic trance of the West""typographic spell"

McLuhan's critique of the western obsession with content in Understanding Media

WEB AS PROBLEM FOR CONTENT ANALYSIS

The Web 0.1 Under Construction: Websites need 'filling in' The Web 1.0 Underground: "Fandom, porn and aliens have taken cyber-theory into a political and cultural wasteland." - Jodi Dean (2004) The Web 2.0 Amateur: The Web is "[where] ignorance meets egoism meets bad taste meets mob rule." - Andrew Keen (2007)

Three 'eras' of content types online

THE 'EMPTY' WEB

"[T]he majority of the forum and blog discussions did not in any way match the normative criteria of the Habermasian public sphere."- T. Poell (2009) "It becomes clear that the quality of the [forum] discussion leaves a lot to be desired." - T. Witschge (2007)

The Web continually disappoints substantively





>4. The Web as a less of problem for data analysis?


HISTORICAL PROBLEM WITH WEB DATA

(1) One issue is the messiness of Web data and the need for data cleansing heuristics. The uncontrolled Web creates numerous problems in the interpretation of results (…). (2) Indeed a skeptical researcher could claim the obstacles are so great that all Web analyses lack value. (3) One response to this is to demonstrate that Web data correlate significantly with some non-Web data in order to prove that the Web data are not wholly random. -M. Thelwall et al., "Webometrics," 2005. (Emphasis added.)

Web data's incapacity to stand alone






>5. How to become a digital methods researcher (digital vs. virtual methods)

VIRTUAL (DIGITIZED)METHODS

Online surveys - Finding the list to mail them to.

Online interviews - Become written exchanges by email.

(Online) observation - Watching users over the shoulder.

Online samples - Become difficult. Also issue of exhaustiveness.

Online investigative reporting - Fact-checking by phoning/surfing?

Digitized methods

DIGITAL METHODS

General Digital Methods Protocol - Follow the Medium

Which objects are available? (Links, tags, threads, timestamp...)

How do dominant devices and platforms handle them?

How to learn from and repurpose medium methods? (Mash-up...)

Are findings grounded in the online? Is the online the baseline?

Distinction between methods that migrate to the medium and those ‘native’ to it

CLAIMS GROUNDED ONLINE

"This newspaper made an inventory of right-wing and extreme right-wing sites.... The newspaper found 150 of such sites that came and went over the past 10 years. The internet archive's wayback machine was used. We found that the number of right-wing and extreme right-wing sites grew after 11 September 2001, the rise of Pim Fortuyn...The growth was explosive... Thedifference in language use became smaller.... The internet is revealing a hardening of the Netherlands." - NRC Handelsblad (newspaper), 25 August 2007

On 20 September 2007, it fell out of the top 1,000 results.

UNDERSTANDING SOCIETAL CONDITIONS WITH THE WEB AS THE BASELINE

FOUNDATIONS OF DIGITAL METHODS: SUMMARY

Situating Digital Methods: Beyond online cultural studies and user studies

2. Like cyberstudies, virtual studies are only one (niche) type of Internet research

From 'content analysis' to medium specificity - studying natively digital objects

4. The Web as epistemological machinery, employing Web data sets

5. Digital methods research learns from and repurposes methods in media

DIGITAL METHODSOBJECTS &APPROACHES

The Link - As reputation marker and indicator of a politics of association

The Website - As an archived object, awaiting use

The Engines - As ordering devices, providing hierarchies of credibility

{4. The Spheres - As bounded, engine-demarcations, with distinctive qualities}

{5. The Webs - As national Webs, with characteristics that may used for diagnoses}

DIGITAL METHODSOBJECTS &APPROACHES

6. Social Networking Sites - As friends' tastes for 'post-demographic' profiling

{7. Wikipedia - As networked content, held together and 'co-authored' by bots}

{8. Twitter - De-banalizing tweets and providing accounts of the ground}

1. THE LINK

Google treats hyperlinks as reputation markers, and as indicators of relevance.

How to follow the medium's dominant device, and repurpose Google's link handling?

© 2008 Gov com.o r g

08

E-Culture in the Netherlands: Network and Actors- _______________________

Analysis_ Richard Rogers and Sabine Niederer.

Design _Marieke van Dijk.

Data_ from Virtual Platform. Analysis and visualization from issuecrawler.net

and tools.issuecrawler.net by govcom.org.

November September

E-Culture in the Netherlands: Network and Actors

Method

Insert the organisations in the Virtual Platform database as the starting points for an Issue Crawler map. Perform this over time and make a ranked list of persistent actors.

Rank and profile actors in the shown issue network (August 08), and show their ranking according to Google PageRank per issue.

Legend

e-cultuur

Ranked Actor Profile 1 of 9

(10) inlinks and (8) outlinks

Google actor pagerank for issue

E cultuur , beeld, fotografie, educatie. Ronnie Stevens, Oleksandr Demchenko, Eileen Bell, Erik Driessen, Hanneke Vos, Frans Nauta ...

134

picnicnetwork.org

25-Aug-2008

e-cultuur




Speech van Staatssecretaris Van der Laan Symposium eCultuur in Beweging, ... Van mijn korte aanwezigheid moet de volgende boodschap uitgaan: eCultuur ...

31

minocw.nl

25-Aug-2008

e-cultuur




creativecommons.org is not returned in the top 1000 results for e-cultuur

-

creativecommons.org

25-Aug-2008

e-cultuur




vsbfonds.nl is not returned in the top 1000 results for e-cultuur

-

vsbfonds.nl

25-Aug-2008

e-cultuur




eCultuur De Mondriaan Stichting hecht groot belang aan cultuureducatie, zowel voor jongeren als voor volwassenen. Uit onderzoeken van Ineke ...

41

mondriaanfoundation.nl

25-Aug-2008

e-cultuur




doen.nl is not returned in the top 1000 results for e-cultuur

-

doen.nl

25-Aug-2008

e-cultuur




waag.org is not returned in the top 1000 results for e-cultuur

-

waag.org

25-Aug-2008

e-cultuur




File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML Het Virtueel Platform, sectorinstituut voor e-cultuur , stelt zich als. doel om e-cultuur in Nederland te ...

159

fondsbkvb.nl

25-Aug-2008

e-cultuur




Flickr is almost certainly the best online photo management and sharing application in the world. Show off your favorite photos and videos to the world, ...

18

flickr.com

25-Aug-2008

e-cultuur

Ranked Actor Profile 1 of 10 25-Aug-2008

Issue Crawler-discovered actors, signi�cant to the e-culture sector in the Netherlands.*

afk.nl aimsterdam.nl amsterdam.nl anymeta.net beeldengeluid.nl creativecommons.nl creativecommons.org cultuurfonds.nl del.icio.us doen.nl emaf.de fabchannel.com feedreader.com �lmfestivalrotterdam.com �lmfund.nl �lmmuseum.nl �ickr.com fondsbkvb.nl frankwatching.com hku.nl hollandfestival.nl hyves.nl idfa.nl kunstenaarsenco.nl last.fm marketingfacts.nl mediamatic.nl minocw.nl mondriaanfoundation.nl mondriaanstichting.nl prinsbernhardcultuurfonds.nl syntens.nl transartists.nl uva.nl vsbfonds.nl youtube.com

*Each actor was present in the e-culture networks in April, June and August 2008.

Criminal Justice Reform




aclu.org is not returned in the top 1000 results for "Criminal Justice Reform".

-

aclu.org

22-Nov-2006





He is the author of Explaining Criminal Justice: Community Theory and Criminal Justice Reform . To view Dr. Duffee's Vitae - click here. [Photo ...

592

albany.edu

22-Nov-2006





followthemoney.org is not returned in the top 1000 results for "Criminal Justice Reform".

-

followthemoney.org

22-Nov-2006





ncjrs.org is not returned in the top 1000 results for "Criminal Justice Reform".

-

ncjrs.org

22-Nov-2006





ojjdp.ncjrs.org is not returned in the top 1000 results for "Criminal Justice Reform".

-

ojjdp.ncjrs.org

22-Nov-2006





Now let's look at the imprisonment movement, the second great criminal justice reform of the past two decades. The expanded use of prison ...

358

ojp.usdoj.gov

22-Nov-2006





Information about crime, courts, sentencing, criminal justice policy analysis, punishment, alternatives to incarceration and reform.

10

sentencingproject.org

22-Nov-2006





Governor Pataki Introduces Criminal Justice Reform Initatives. Police and Public Protection Act, Criminal Procedural Law Reform to ...

73

state.ny.us

22-Nov-2006





thomas.loc.gov is not returned in the top 1000 results for "Criminal Justice Reform".

-

thomas.loc.gov

22-Nov-2006





usdoj.gov is not returned in the top 1000 results for "Criminal Justice Reform".

-

usdoj.gov

22-Nov-2006

.

LINKING AS POLITICS OF ASSOCIATION

GM Food Network - Aspirational linking, Govcom.org, 1999.

6 September 2007

What kind of 'state' of the Palestinian Web is suggested by the Fatah-related sites?

MethodInsert Fatah-related sites in Issue Crawler. Perform co-link analysis. Render as spring map.

FindingsFatah's Palestinian Web may be characterized primarily as a 'civic Web'.Fatah-related websites link to each other as well to Palestinian NGOs,Palestinian Media and to a lesser extent to International NGOs and Media. There are no links to other Palestinian political actors or to any official .ps websites.

What kind of 'state' of the Palestinian Web is suggested by the Hamas-related sites?

MethodInsert Hamas-related sites in Issue Crawler. Perform co-link analysis. Render as spring map.

FindingsThe Hamas-affiliated news agency, Palestine Information Center, has numerous mirrored websites in various languages, hosted and registered under the main domain name Palestine-Info, with different domain extensions (Palestine-info.info, Palestine-info.co.uk, Palestine-info.net, etc).

These sites, together with otherHamas-related websites do not link out to other (Palestinian) websites.Instead, they provide links to RSS-feed readers, whereby individuals and other sites may subscribe to Hamas-related content.

6 September 20076 September 2007

The Palestinian Political Webs: Separate Spheres?Fatah-related and Hamas-related Networks Compared

.

Mapping the Palestinian Web Space ___________________________

07SeptemberAnalysis by Anat Ben-David. Design by Marieke van Dijk.

The research presented in this publication is the result of a project supported by Canada's International Development Research Centre (www.idrc.ca). The Information Society in Palestine project was conceived and implemented by the Advanced Network Research, Cambridge Security Programme, and The SecDev Group (www.secdev.ca).

A co-production of the Govcom.org Foundation, Amsterdam,and the Information Society in Palestine project, Cambridge.

Fatah-related and Hamas-related networks compared

DYNAMIC URL SAMPLING &INTERNET CENSORSHIP

Using lists of sensitive sites for Iran, researchers, using the Issue Crawler, perform hyperlink analysis, discovering further URLs, and run them through a proxy in Iran for code 403’s (forbidden).

On 20 September 2007, it fell out of the top 1,000 results.

A METHOD FOR THE DISCOVERY OF CENSORED WEBSITES

A Censored Network: Iranian Social, Political and Religious SitesA hyperlink analysis method for censored Website discovery.

© 2006 Govcom.org and ONI

06

Internet Censorship Visualizations________________________2006

Data_by OpenNet Initiative and map by Issuecrawler.net.

Analysis_by Richard Rogers, Nart Villeneuve and Erik

Borra, and design_by Marieke van Dijk.

A Censored Network: Iranian Social, Political and Religious Sites

IRAN

Legend

Blocked sites

Newly discovered blocked sites

Accessible sites

Inaccessible site (owing to DNS issue)

A co-production between the Govcom.org Foundation, Amsterdam, and the

OpenNet Initiative, a partnership between the Citizen Lab at the Munk

Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto, the Berkman Center

for Internet & Society at Harvard Law School, the Advanced Network

Research Group at the Cambridge Security Programme at Cambridge

University, and the Oxford Internet Institute, Oxford University.

medusa2000.com

Newly discovered blocked sites:

http://home.bip.net/radiohambastegi/http://ir.mondediplo.com/http://www.alahwaz.com/http://www.ashoob.com/http://www.asre-nou.net/http://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/http://www.channelonetv.com/http://www.didgah.com/http://www.didgah.net/http://www.fadaee.org/http://www.fedayi.org/http://www.fwhi.org/http://www.geocities.com/~fedaian/http://www.gozareshgar.com/http://www.iran-jommelli.com/http://www.iranazad.com/http://www.irandokht.com/http://www.komalah.org/http://www.kvinnonet.org/http://www.mani-poesie.de/http://www.medusa2000.com/http://www.mihan.net/http://www.negah1.com/http://www.peykeiran.com/http://www.radio-international.org/http://www.radiobarabari.net/http://www.rdki.com/http://www.roozonline.com/http://www.shahrvand.com/http://www.zagros.info/

alahwaz.com

alefbe.com

amnesty.org

ashoob.comasre-nou.net

avairan.com

avayeashena.com

avayezan.com

azadi-iran.org

baztab.com

bbc.co.uk/persian

channelonetv.com

cpiran.org

didgah.com

didgah.net

etehadchap.com

etehadefedaian.org

ettelaat.com

fadaee.org

fadai.org

fadaian.org

fedayi.org

forughfarrokhzad.org

fwhi.org

geocities.com/~fedaian

golshan.com

golshirifoundation.org

gooya.com

gozareshgar.com

hadisara.com

hamshahri.net

hayateno.org

home.bip.net/radiohambastegi

i-w-o.org

ihrwg.org

ilna.ir

ir.mondediplo.com

iran-chabar.de

iran-e-sabz.org

iran-emrooz.de

iran-jommelli.com

iran-newspaper.com

iran.mojahedin.org

iranazad.com

irandokht.com

iransocialforum.org

irna.com

isnagency.com

jebhe.orgjebhemelli.net

jebhemelli.org

jonge-khabar.com

kanoon-zendanian.org

kargar.org

kasravi.info

komala.org

komalah.org

kvinnonet.org

mani-poesie.de

marxists.org

marzeporgohar.org

mihan.net

nashrieh-nameh.com

negah1.com

nehzateazadi.orgnews.gooya.com

panahjoo.compayvand.com/news

pdk-iran.org

peiknet.com

peykeiran.com

radio-international.org

radiobarabari.net

radiofarda.com

radiokomaleh.com

radis.orgrahekargar.netranjbaran.org

rdki.com

rfi.fr/fichiers/Langues/rfi_persan_main.asp

rooydad.com

roozonline.com

roshangari.com

rowzane.com

sarbedaran.org

sh-shafa.com

shahrvand.com

shamlou.org

shamlu.com

sharareha.com

sharghnewspaper.com

siahkal.com

siasate-kargari.com

tehrantimes.com

toufan.org

tudehpartyiran.org

un.org

voanews.com

womeniniran.com

wpiran.org

wsu-iran.org

zagros.info

zan.org

Method & Findings:

Using Issuecrawler.net, crawl URLs (on 30 March

2006) from the OpenNet Initiative's list of Iranian

social, political and religious sites. Find network of

sites through one iteration of co-link analysis

(pictured). Fetch each site through a proxy in Iran

(on 18 May 2006). Discover sites previously

unknown to be blocked. Compare newly discovered

blocked sites with entire list of Iranian Websites

checked by the OpenNet Initiative. The finding is

the discovery of 30 blocked sites in Iran.

Size of node indicates inlink count from network.

2. THE WEBSITE

Usability - "Don't make me think." Also: The Web is blue. Eye-tracking - Heat maps tell stories, and help redesign sites. Site optimization - "Grabbing more eyeballs" Site features - types of interactivity ergo participation

How is it often studied? User and Eyeball Studies

2. THE WEBSITE

Internet Archive literature review - articles about it, but not how it's used. Follow Wayback Machine's interface - Privileges single-site histories. Capture a site's history. What does it tell?

How else to study it? As an archived object, awaiting use.

3. THE ENGINE

Engines include and exclude by not indexing orphans; by burying sites.

Engines encourage attention deficits. Users rarely look past result 10. 'Contemplative man' replaced by 'flickering man.'

Googlization turns the engine into an object of mass mediacritique. Google as monolith.

Surveillance studies. One’s search history becomes new databody.

How is it often studied? As a dark web-maker, as attention deficit, as 'googlization'

DATABODY STUDIES

AOL user 311045 apparently owns a Scion XB automobile in need of new brake pads that is in the process of being upgraded with performance oil filters. User 311045, possibly a Florida resident, is preoccupied with another topic as well:

>how to change brake pads on scion xb 2005 >us open cup florida state champions >how to get revenge on a ex >how to get revenge on a ex girlfriend >how to get revenge on a friend who f---ed you over >replacement bumper for scion xb >florida department of law enforcement

Stored Search Engine Queries (anonymized) - What do they tell?

DATABODY 'SOLUTIONS'

Scroogle.org - An Google search proxy which prevents the searcher's data being stored by Google. TrackMeNot - A Firefox extension that periodically issues randomied search-queries to popular search engines, e.g., AOL, Yahoo!, Google, and MSN. It hides users' actual search trails in a cloud of 'ghost' queries, significantly increasing the difficulty of aggregating such data into accurate or identifying user profiles.

Answers to Stored Search Engine Queries (anonymized) - What to do?

3. THE ENGINE

Capture and reinterpret the engine's results.

Inquire into the stability of the hierarchies of credibility.

Query individual sites for partisanship and commitments with the Lippmannian Device.

How to repurpose Google for social research?

ON TOP OF THE ENGINE:THE LIPPMANNIAN DEVICE

Capture engine's results. Query each of the first hundred result for terms. How far are terms from the 'top of the Web'? (Source distance.) Inquire also into sources' partisanship and commitments.

Google as data source for the study of source partisanship

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (Sallie Baliunas)

Research Question_To what extent are climate change 'skeptics' present in the climate change spaces on the Web?Findings_There is distance between the skeptics and the top of the search engine returns.

Source_google.comQuery_“Sallie Baliunas”Method_Search for query “Sallie Baliunas” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007

Product_of the Digital Methods Initiative, dmi.mediastudies.nl. Analysis_by Bram Nijhof, Richard Rogers and Laura van der Vlies. Design_Anne Helmond.

CC_BY:NC:SA

climateark.org (2)marshall.org (6)

realclimate.org (55)abc.net.au (0)

acfonline.org.au (0)

bbc.co.uk (0) bom.gov.au (0)

cbc.ca (0)

ciel.org (0)

climatechallenge.gov.uk (0)

climatechange.ca.gov (0)

climatechange.com.au (0)

climatechangecentral.com (0)

climatechangecollege.org (0)

climatecrisis.net (0)

dar.csiro.au (0)

davidsuzuki.org (0)

defra.gov.uk (0)

dfat.gov.au (0)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

ecy.wa.gov (0)

eea.europa.eu (0)

eldis.org (0)

energy.gov (0)

envirolink.org (0)

epa.gov (0)

exploratorium.edu (0)

faqs.org (0)

foe.co.uk (0)

ft.com (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)

gcrio.org (0) grida.no (0)

guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

ipcc.ch (0)

iucn.org (0)

ltscotland.org.uk (0)

metoffice.gov.uk (0)

mfe.govt.nz (0)

mofa.go.jp (0)

nature.com (0) nature.org (0)

ncdc.noaa.gov (0)

open2.net (0)

panda.org (0)

pewclimate.org (0)

royalsoc.ac.uk (0)

scidev.net (0)

scienceagogo.com (0)

state.gov (0)

theglobeandmail.com (0)

ucar.edu (0)

un.org (0)

unep.org (0)

who.int (0)

whoi.edu (0)

worldwildlife.org (0)

greenpeace.org (0) campaigncc.org (0)

sourcewatch.org (0) climatescience.gov (0)

CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (Timothy Ball)


Source_google.comQuery_“Timothy Ball”Method_Search for query “Timothy Ball” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007


CC_BY:NC:SA

campaigncc.org (6)marshall.org (2)

abc.net.au (0)



cbc.ca (0)

ciel.org (0)







dar.csiro.au (0)

davidsuzuki.org (0)

defra.gov.uk (0)

dfat.gov.au (0)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

ecy.wa.gov (0)

eea.europa.eu (0)

eldis.org (0)

energy.gov (0)

envirolink.org (0)

epa.gov (0)


faqs.org (0)

foe.co.uk (0)

ft.com (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)


guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

ipcc.ch (0)

iucn.org (0)



mfe.govt.nz (0)

mofa.go.jp (0)


ncdc.noaa.gov (0)

open2.net (0)

panda.org (0)

pewclimate.org (0)

royalsoc.ac.uk (0)

scidev.net (0)


state.gov (0)


ucar.edu (0)

un.org (0)

unep.org (0)

who.int (0)

whoi.edu (0)


greenpeace.org (0)

climateark.org (0)

realclimate.org (0)

sourcewatch.org (0) climatescience.gov (0)

CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (Robert Balling)


Source_google.comQuery_“Robert Balling”Method_Search for query “Robert Balling” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007


CC_BY:NC:SA

campaigncc.org (2)


realclimate.org (11)

sourcewatch.org (4)

greenpeace.org (0)

climatescience.gov (11)

abc.net.au (0)



cbc.ca (0)

ciel.org (0)







dar.csiro.au (0)

davidsuzuki.org (0)

defra.gov.uk (0)

dfat.gov.au (0)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

ecy.wa.gov (0)

eea.europa.eu (0)

eldis.org (0)

energy.gov (0)

envirolink.org (0)

epa.gov (0)


faqs.org (0)

foe.co.uk (0)

ft.com (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)


guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

ipcc.ch (0)

iucn.org (0)



mfe.govt.nz (0)

mofa.go.jp (0)


ncdc.noaa.gov (0)

open2.net (0)

panda.org (0)

pewclimate.org (0)

royalsoc.ac.uk (0)

scidev.net (0)


state.gov (0)


ucar.edu (0)

un.org (0)

unep.org (0)

who.int (0)

whoi.edu (0)


CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (Paul Driessen)


Source_google.comQuery_“Paul Driessen”Method_Search for query “Paul Driessen” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007


CC_BY:NC:SA

campaigncc.org (1)

sourcewatch.org (28)abc.net.au (0)



cbc.ca (0)

ciel.org (0)

climateark.org (0)








dar.csiro.au (0)

davidsuzuki.org (0)

defra.gov.uk (0)

dfat.gov.au (0)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

ecy.wa.gov (0)

eea.europa.eu (0)

eldis.org (0)

energy.gov (0)

envirolink.org (0)

epa.gov (0)


faqs.org (0)

foe.co.uk (0)

ft.com (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)

gcrio.org (0)

greenpeace.org (0)

grida.no (0)

guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

ipcc.ch (0)

iucn.org (0)


marshall.org (0)


mfe.govt.nz (0)

mofa.go.jp (0)


ncdc.noaa.gov (0)

open2.net (0)

panda.org (0)

pewclimate.org (0)

realclimate.org (0)

royalsoc.ac.uk (0)

scidev.net (0)


state.gov (0)


ucar.edu (0)

un.org (0)

unep.org (0)

who.int (0)

whoi.edu (0)


CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (Sherwood Idso)


Source_google.comQuery_“Sherwood Idso”Method_Search for query “Sherwood Idso” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007


CC_BY:NC:SA

realclimate.org (42)sourcewatch.org (14) climatescience.gov (0)

greenpeace.org (0) campaigncc.org (1)

climateark.org (1)

abc.net.au (0)



cbc.ca (0)

ciel.org (0)







dar.csiro.au (0)

davidsuzuki.org (0)

defra.gov.uk (0)

dfat.gov.au (0)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

ecy.wa.gov (0)

eea.europa.eu (0)

eldis.org (0)

energy.gov (0)

envirolink.org (0)

epa.gov (0)


faqs.org (0)

foe.co.uk (0)

ft.com (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)


guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

ipcc.ch (0)

iucn.org (0)


marshall.org (0)


mfe.govt.nz (0)

mofa.go.jp (0)


ncdc.noaa.gov (0)

open2.net (0)

panda.org (0)

pewclimate.org (0)

royalsoc.ac.uk (0)

scidev.net (0)


state.gov (0)


ucar.edu (0)

un.org (0)

unep.org (0)

who.int (0)

whoi.edu (0)


CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (Richard Linzen)


Source_google.comQuery_“Richard Linzen”Method_Search for query “Richard Linzen” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007


CC_BY:NC:SA


campaigncc.org (0)

climatescience.gov (0)sourcewatch.org (0)

abc.net.au (0)

ciel.org (0)




dfat.gov.au (0)

eldis.org (0)

envirolink.org (0)

faqs.org (0) ft.com (0)

iucn.org (0)



mofa.go.jp (0) ncdc.noaa.gov (0)

open2.net (0) scienceagogo.com (0)

ucar.edu (0)

who.int (0)



cbc.ca (0)

climateark.org (0)




dar.csiro.au (0)

davidsuzuki.org (0)

defra.gov.uk (0)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

ecy.wa.gov (0)

eea.europa.eu (0) energy.gov (0)

epa.gov (0)


foe.co.uk (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)

gcrio.org (0)

greenpeace.org (0)

grida.no (0)

guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

ipcc.ch (0)

marshall.org (0)

mfe.govt.nz (0)


panda.org (0)

pewclimate.org (0)

royalsoc.ac.uk (0)

scidev.net (0)state.gov (0)

theglobeandmail.com (0)un.org (0)

unep.org (0)

whoi.edu (0)


CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (Patrick Michaels)


Source_google.comQuery_“Patrick Michaels”Method_Search for query “Patrick Michaels” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007


CC_BY:NC:SA

campaigncc.org (3)climateark.org (1)



epa.gov (0) ipcc.ch (4)

marshall.org (2)

pewclimate.org (2)

realclimate.org (45)abc.net.au (0)



cbc.ca (0)

ciel.org (0)






dar.csiro.au (0)

davidsuzuki.org (0)

defra.gov.uk (0)

dfat.gov.au (0)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

ecy.wa.gov (0)

eea.europa.eu (0)

eldis.org (0)

energy.gov (0)

envirolink.org (0)


faqs.org (0)

foe.co.uk (0)

ft.com (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)

gcrio.org (0)

greenpeace.org (0)

grida.no (0)

guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

iucn.org (0)



mfe.govt.nz (0)

mofa.go.jp (0)


ncdc.noaa.gov (0)

open2.net (0)

panda.org (0)

CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (Steven Milloy)


Source_google.comQuery_“Stephen Milloy”Method_Search for query “Stephen Milloy” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007


CC_BY:NC:SA

bbc.co.uk (0)

climateark.org (2)





dar.csiro.au (1)

defra.gov.uk (1)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (1) ecy.wa.gov (1)

eea.europa.eu (1) energy.gov (1)

envirolink.org (1)

epa.gov (1)


greenpeace.org (1)

ipcc.ch (1)



mofa.go.jp (1)

nature.org (1)

ncdc.noaa.gov (1)

pewclimate.org (1)


sourcewatch.org (27)

state.gov (1)

unep.org (1)

who.int (1)

whoi.edu (1)

abc.net.au (0)


bom.gov.au (0)

campaigncc.org (0) cbc.ca (0)

ciel.org (0)




davidsuzuki.org (0)

dfat.gov.au (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

eldis.org (0)

faqs.org (0)

foe.co.uk (0)

ft.com (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)


guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

iucn.org (0)

marshall.org (0)

mfe.govt.nz (0)

nature.com (0)

open2.net (0)

panda.org (0)


ucar.edu (0)

un.org (0)


CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (Frederick Seitz)


Source_google.comQuery_“Frederick Seitz”Method_Search for query “Frederick Seitz” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007


CC_BY:NC:SA

campaigncc.org (1)


realclimate.org (35)sourcewatch.org (21)

abc.net.au (0)



cbc.ca (0)

ciel.org (0)








dar.csiro.au (0)

davidsuzuki.org (0)

defra.gov.uk (0)

dfat.gov.au (0)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

ecy.wa.gov (0)

eea.europa.eu (0)

eldis.org (0)

energy.gov (0)

envirolink.org (0)

epa.gov (0)


faqs.org (0)

foe.co.uk (0)

ft.com (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)

gcrio.org (0)

greenpeace.org (0)

grida.no (0)

guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

ipcc.ch (0)

iucn.org (0)



mfe.govt.nz (0)

mofa.go.jp (0)


ncdc.noaa.gov (0)

open2.net (0)

panda.org (0)

pewclimate.org (0)

royalsoc.ac.uk (0)

scidev.net (0)


state.gov (0)


ucar.edu (0)

un.org (0)

unep.org (0)

who.int (0)

whoi.edu (0)


CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (S. Fred Singer)


Source_google.comQuery_“Fred Singer”Method_Search for query “Fred Singer” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007


CC_BY:NC:SA

campaigncc.org (1)

climateark.org (1)


greenpeace.org (1)


sourcewatch.org (64)abc.net.au (0)



cbc.ca (0)

ciel.org (0)







dar.csiro.au (0)

davidsuzuki.org (0)

defra.gov.uk (0)

dfat.gov.au (0)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

ecy.wa.gov (0)

eea.europa.eu (0)

eldis.org (0)

energy.gov (0)

envirolink.org (0)

sourcewatch.org (64)envirolink.org (0)


epa.gov (0)exploratorium.edu (0)

faqs.org (0)

foe.co.uk (0)

ft.com (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)


guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

ipcc.ch (0)

iucn.org (0)


marshall.org (0)


mfe.govt.nz (0)

mofa.go.jp (0)

sourcewatch.org (64)mofa.go.jp (0)



ncdc.noaa.gov (0)

open2.net (0)

panda.org (0)

pewclimate.org (0)

royalsoc.ac.uk (0)

scidev.net (0)


state.gov (0)


ucar.edu (0)

un.org (0)

unep.org (0)

who.int (0)

whoi.edu (0)


CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

Climate Change Sceptics on the Web (Willie Soon)


Source_google.comQuery_“Willie Soon”Method_Search for query “Willie Soon” in top 100. Organized in order.Tools_Google Scraper and Tag Cloud GeneratorDate_30 July 2007


CC_BY:NC:SA

campaigncc.org (2)

marshall.org (4)

realclimate.org (27)sourcewatch.org (0)


greenpeace.org (0)

climateark.org (1)

abc.net.au (0)



cbc.ca (0)

ciel.org (0)







dar.csiro.au (0)

davidsuzuki.org (0)

defra.gov.uk (0)

dfat.gov.au (0)

ec.gc.ca (0)

ecn.ac.uk (0)

ecokids.ca (0)

ecy.wa.gov (0)

eea.europa.eu (0)

eldis.org (0)

energy.gov (0)

envirolink.org (0)

epa.gov (0)


faqs.org (0)

foe.co.uk (0)

ft.com (0)

g8.gov.uk (0)


guardian.co.uk (0)

iea.org (0)

iisd.org (0)

ipcc.ch (0)

iucn.org (0)



mfe.govt.nz (0)

mofa.go.jp (0)


ncdc.noaa.gov (0)

open2.net (0)

panda.org (0)

pewclimate.org (0)

royalsoc.ac.uk (0)

scidev.net (0)


state.gov (0)


ucar.edu (0)

un.org (0)

unep.org (0)

who.int (0)

whoi.edu (0)


CLIMATE CHANGE

SCEPTICS

6. SOCIAL NETWORKINGSITES

Presentation of (a more expansive) self. MySpace and Facebook have different 'classes' of users. Distinction between real-life friends and 'friended' friends.

How are they often studied? Presentation of self, class conflict, friends?

6. SOCIAL NETWORKINGSITES

Post-demographics is a recognition that profiles are made of interests, i.e., favorite media interests (movies, TV shows, books) Study how profilers make use of preferences.

How else may they be studied? As post-demographics

CONCLUSION: METHODS IN NEW MEDIA

1. Links as reputation markers.2. Websites as archived objects awaiting study.3. Engines as epistemological machines with new orders of things.{4. Spheres as demaracted engine spaces for comparative study.}{5. Webs as national, to diagnose the condition of a country.} 6. Social networking sites as sets of friends' (post-demographic) tastes.{7. Wikipedia as networked content, dependent on bots for quality.}{8. Twitter as source of accounts on the ground.}

DIGITAL METHODS FOR (NEW) MEDIA RESEARCH

"There are methods in media." THANK YOU

Digital Methods Initiative, http://www.digitalmethods.net Govcom.org Foundation, http://www.govcom.org Prof. Dr. Richard Rogers, University of Amsterdam, [email protected]

Rogers digitalmethods 4nov2010

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