You need a calculator (NO PHONES) for

my final exam!!

ROCKS

Foundation Science Final Lesson

What is a Rock?

• Mixture of minerals. Sometimes include organic matter.

Types of Rock?

• 3 types:

• IGNEOUS•SEDIMENTARY•METAMORPHIC

Once a rock is formed, does it stay the same rock

forever?• NO!

The Rock Cycle

• Rocks changing from one type to one of the other 2 types.

• “Ignis” = Latin for “fire”

• Formed from the cooling of either magma or lava

• The most abundant type of rock

ObsidianGranite

IGNEOUS ROCKS

Pumice

• Formed from sediments (rock fragments, mineral grains, animal & plant remains) that are pressed or cemented.

• These sediments are moved by wind, water, ice or gravity.

• Sedimentary rocks cover 70% of the Earth’s surface!

• Water can easily erode sedimentary rock

• Sedimentary rocks are fossil-carrying rocks.

How can sedimentary rocks help us understand the age of

fossils?• As sedimentary

rocks are made, they form layers

• The layers on top (and the fossils in the top layer) are YOUNGER than the fossils in lower layers

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

• Rocks that have changed due to intense temperature and pressure

• “Meta” means “change” and “morph” means “form” in Greek

• Igneous, sedimentary and other metamorphic rocks can change to become metamorphic rocks

What occurs in the Earth to change these rocks?

• Pressure from overlying rock layers• High heat, but not enough to melt the

rock

METAMORPHICROCKS

Bill Nye Video

Review of how the 3 rock types are formed….

QUESTIONS1. What are the three types of rocks?2. What type of rocks hold fossils?3. What kind of rock has the Grand Canyon formed

in (take your best guess)?4. What kind of rock is made from lava?5. What is the most common rock we see on the

Earth’s surface?6. Will an igneous rock stay an igneous rock

forever?