Rockets Module 41 Rockets Module Four Saturn V Rockets Module 42 Objective To understand more about...
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Transcript of Rockets Module 41 Rockets Module Four Saturn V Rockets Module 42 Objective To understand more about...
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Rockets Module 4 1
RocketsModule Four
Saturn V
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Rockets Module 4 2
Objective
• To understand more about the conquest of space… the final frontier
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Rockets Module 4 3
Early Discoveries
• Greek named Hero first demonstrated “rocket” propulsion.
• ‘Thrust’ – is the force that moves the rocket
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Rockets Module 4 4
Chinese Invented Gunpowder
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Rockets Module 4 5Rockets Module 4 5
Newton’s First Law of Motion
• A body at rest tends to stay at rest; a body in motion tends to stay in motion (ball) — unless acted on by a force
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Rockets Module 4 6Rockets Module 4 6Rockets Module 4 6
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
• Force equals mass times acceleration
• F=MA (cannon)
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Rockets Module 4 7
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
• For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Reaction
Action
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Rockets Module 4 8
Advances In Solid Fuel Rockets• Jean Froissart (1337-1405) achieves higher accuracy launching
through tubes (bazooka)
• William Hale (1797-1870) devised spin stabilized rockets
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Rockets Module 4 9
Father of Modern Astronautics
• Konstantin Tsiolkovsky Russian (1857-1935)
• Deaf at age 13—Self taught
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Rockets Module 4 10
Father of Modern Rocketry
Robert Goddard• Launched first
successful liquid fuel rocket 1926
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Rockets Module 4 11
• Herman Oberth (1923) – Wrote about space travel in Germany
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Rockets Module 4 12
V-2 – First Large Liquid Fuel Rocket
• Developed by Wernher von Braun.
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Rockets Module 4 13
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Rockets Module 4 14
First Artificial Earth Satellite
• Sputnik - 1957 (Soviet Union)
• Began the Space Race between the Soviet Union and the United States
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Rockets Module 4 15
Wernher von Braun• Developed the
German V-2• Launched first US
satellite 1958• Developed the
Saturn V Rocket
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Rockets Module 4 16
First Man in Space
• Yuri Gagarin
• Russian
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Rockets Module 4 17
Alan Shepard
• First American in Space
• Flew in the Mercury Spacecraft
• May 1961
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Rockets Module 4 18
First American to Orbit John Glenn - February, 1962
Launched by the Atlas
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Rockets Module 4 19
First Men on the Moon
• Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin
• July 1969
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Rockets Module 4 20Rockets Module 4 20
First U.S Space Station -- Skylab
• Launched 1973
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Definitions• Rockets
– Redstone
– Atlas
– Saturn V
– Titan
• Spacecraft– Mercury
– Gemini
– Apollo
– Vostok
Rockets Module 4 21
Space Shuttle
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Rockets Module 4 22Rockets Module 4 22
Man in Space
Vostok
First man in space Yuri Gagarin 1961
Mercury
First American in Orbit John Glenn 1962
Gemini
First Rendezvous 1965
Apollo
First man to walk the Moon - Neil Armstrong
1969
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Rockets Module 4 23
Time Line to SpaceTsiolkovsky
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Goddard
Oberth
Sputnik
ICBM
Gagarin & Shepard
Von Braun V-2
Glenn
Armstrong
Skylab
Space Shuttle
Challenger Columbia
Space Race
ISS
YWB
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Rockets Module 4 24
Quiz TimeMatch the Name on the Left with their accomplishment
1. Greek named Hero
2. Chinese
3. Sir Isaac Newton
4. Jean Froissart
5. William Hale
6. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
7. Herman Oberth (1923)
8. Robert Goddard
A. Invented Gunpowder rocketB. Higher accuracy using tubes
(bazooka)C. Published book on space travelD. Demonstrated Reactive forceE. Father of Modern RocketryF. Three laws of motionG. Devises spin stabilized rocketsH. Father of Modern Astronautics
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Rockets Module 4 25
Quiz TimeMatch the Name on the Left with the accomplishment
1. Wernher von Braun
2. Alan Shepard
3. Neil Armstrong
4. Yuri Gagarin
5. John Glenn
6. Sputnik
A. First man to walk on moon
B. Designed the V-2 and Saturn V
C. First American to OrbitD. First Man to OrbitE. First American in spaceF. First artificial Earth
Satellite
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Rockets Module 4 26
Match the Spacecraft with its launcher
1. Mercury-sub orbital
2. Mercury-orbital
3. Gemini
4. Apollo (Moon)
5. Discovery/Challenger/Columbia/Atlantis/ Endeavor
A. Space Shuttle Orbiters
B. Titan II
C. Saturn V
D. Atlas
E. Redstone
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Complete the questions onPage 8
Page 15 Page 25
Rockets Module 4 27
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Rockets Module 4 28
Test for Module 4
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Rockets Module 4 29
Rockets – The Space Shuttle
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Rockets Module 4 30
Replacement for Saturn V
• Saturn V sent men to the moon 1968-72
• Launched Skylab Space Station 1973
• 250,000 lbs. To earth orbit
• Shuttle 65,000 pounds to earth orbit
Shuttle 4.4 million lbs. 6 million lbs. thrust
Saturn V 6.0 million lbs. 7.5 million lbs. thrust
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Rockets Module 4 31
Initial Reusable Design - 1970
• Expected to fly weekly – 52 flights/year
• High Development costs required a more conservative design
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Rockets Module 4 32
The Compromise• Solid Fuel Boosters• Expendable tank
• Four flight vehicles• No ‘escape system’.
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Rockets Module 4 33
First Flight - 1981
• Use of Solid Fuel limits safety factor at launch
• Can’t shut down solids once ignited
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Rockets Module 4 34
Final Costs• Flying only 8 Shuttles
per year• Each flight costs
$500,000,000 (Half a billion dollars)
• High cost caused by few flights divided by extensive maintenance and launch expenses
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Rockets Module 4 35
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Rockets Module 4 36
Challenger – January 1986
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Rockets Module 4 37
Critical Flight Profiles - Reentry
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Rockets Module 4 38
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Rockets Module 4 39
Shuttle Tiles - Side View
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Rockets Module 4 40
Shuttle Tiles – Bottom View
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Rockets Module 4 41
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Rockets Module 4 42
AF Photo over ABQ
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Rockets Module 4 43
The Columbia is Lost Feb 1, 2003
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Rockets Module 4 44
In Memory of those who have Perished
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Rockets Module 4 45
Questions Being Raised• High costs
• High risk
• Questionable manned spaceflight program objectives
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Rockets Module 4 46
Possible Consequences
• Discontinue shuttle program 2010
• Implement a crew escape system
• Develop a less costly, safer, re-usable spacecraft
• Crew Excursion Vehicle called Orion
• Rocket ARES 1
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Rockets Module 4 47
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Rockets Module 4 48
The end...
of the beginning
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Rockets Module 4 49
Critical Flight Profiles - Launch