ORAL HISTORY PROJECT

Robert J. Haggerty, MD

Interviewed by James W. Kendig, MD

September 9, 30, 1998 Rochester, New York

This interview was supported by a donation from:

Elizabeth R. McAnarney, MD

©2003 American Academy of Pediatrics Elk Grove Village, IL

Robert J. Haggerty, MD Interviewed by James W. Kendig, MD

Preface i About the Interviewer ii Interview of Robert J. Haggerty, MD 1 Index of Interview 33 Curriculum Vita, Robert J. Haggerty, MD 36

PREFACE Oral history has its roots in the sharing of stories which has occurred throughout the centuries. It is a primary source of historical data, gathering information from living individuals via recorded interviews. Outstanding pediatricians and other leaders in child health care are being interviewed as part of the Oral History Project at the Pediatric History Center of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Under the direction of the Historical Archives Advisory Committee, its purpose is to record and preserve the recollections of those who have made important contributions to the advancement of the health care of children through the collection of spoken memories and personal narrations. This volume is the written record of one oral history interview. The reader is reminded that this is a verbatim transcript of spoken rather than written prose. It is intended to supplement other available sources of information about the individuals, organizations, institutions, and events that are discussed. The use of face-to-face interviews provides a unique opportunity to capture a firsthand, eyewitness account of events in an interactive session. Its importance lies less in the recitation of facts, names, and dates than in the interpretation of these by the speaker. Historical Archives Advisory Committee, 1997/98 Howard A. Pearson, MD, FAAP, Chair David Annunziato, MD, FAAP Jeffrey P. Baker, MD, FAAP Lawrence M. Gartner, MD, FAAP Doris A. Howell, MD, FAAP James E. Strain, MD, FAAP

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ABOUT THE INTERVIEWER

James W. Kendig, MD, FAAP.

Dr. James Willis Kendig received his MD degree from the Jefferson Medical College in 1970. He completed a fellowship in neonatal-perinatal medicine at the Milton Hershey Medical Center of the Penn State University. Between 1982 and 1999, he served on the faculty at the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry where he had the honor of working with Dr. Haggerty. In 1999, Dr. Kendig returned to Pennsylvania and is now a professor of pediatrics in the Division of Newborn Medicine at the Penn State Children’s Hospital and the Penn State College of Medicine in Hershey.

Interview of Robert J. Haggerty, MD

DR. KENDIG: Good morning. I'm Dr. James Kendig and I have the great privilege this morning of introducing and interviewing Dr. Robert Haggerty for the American Academy of Pediatrics here in Rochester, New York, on September 9, 1998. Good morning, Dr. Haggerty. DR. HAGGERTY: Good morning. DR. KENDIG: In a previous interview with Dr. [Robert A.] Hoekelman, you had an opportunity to discuss your family background, your own childhood and your collegiate and medical school education. I thought today it would be appropriate to start our interview with a discussion of your work in Boston, particularly your work with the Family Health Care program. DR. HAGGERTY: Yes. I'll try to re-trace the development of my own career, although it's always colored by retrospect and probably a little rosier-colored than it really was. And how it got me to what I concede now are my major contributions and perhaps major philosophical underpinnings, namely integration of child health services; the need to partner with various disciplines and organizations; and the need to take a family, community and global role. None of these were preconceived ideas. I want to point out for young people that I got into them as I went along through experience and learning from others, rather than having any overarching goal to begin with. As I was finishing the chief residency at Boston Children's Hospital, I actually had arranged to have a fellowship with Dr. Alex [Alexander] Nadas, a very charismatic cardiologist. I was going to be a pediatric cardiologist. About in May, before finishing the residency at the end of June, Dr. [Charles] Janeway, who was the chairman of the department, called me in. He said that Dr. Dane Prugh, who was the child psychiatrist at Boston Children's, was leaving, actually to come to Rochester to head the child psychiatry program here, and that he'd obtained a grant from the Commonwealth Fund to develop a home care program. I think Dr. Prugh was interested in using the home care program to educate residents as to family and community aspects of child health. Dr. Janeway said, "Would you like to take it over? You have had a fairly general background." I'd had the two year mixed internship here, two years in the military, and I guess I had complained from time to time that the Boston Children's Hospital was a little super-specialized for training of general pediatricians. So he said, "You've talked about this. Would you take it over?" I said, "Well, I'm committed to Dr. Nadas." But he said, "I'll talk to Dr. Nadas." And I remember I never asked him about salary. As a matter of fact, it's an interesting thing; one never got an answer from Dr. Janeway as to what your annual salary would be. He would hem and haw and say, "Well we'll have to

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see," and I never knew until the first check in July came each year what my salary was. In fact, it was $4,000 a year in 1955. But then I did ask him, since this was to be a junior faculty position, I said to him, "Is this permanent?" And he laughed and he said, "Nobody's permanent here but Lou [Louis K.] Diamond and me." Two outstanding people. But it was at the time a very small department; there was basically one person in each division. Cardiology maybe had three with Abe [Abraham M.] Rudolph and Julien [I. E.] Hoffman, I think. And they were hospital-employed, not Harvard faculty. So he asked if I would take this over, and part of it was to be the chief of the division of child health. Well, there weren't any Indians in the division; it was a single person division. But Dr. Harold Stuart, who was the chairman of the department of maternal and child health at the Harvard School of Public Health, had been the division chief. It was housed in a three-story wooden building on the corner of Blackfan Circle and Longwood Avenue, across from the hospital. In retrospect quite a firetrap, I suspect. On the third floor, there was a big office, which had been Dr. Stuart's, and I inherited that along with a couch that he used to take an afternoon nap. But the main activity there was a well child clinic run by the City Health Department, I think twice-a-week, and they staffed it with Department of Public Health nurses there. So I started with a clinical base, if you will, a twice-a-week clinic, and a grant from the Commonwealth Fund to develop something. DR. KENDIG: Did you have a budget when you started? DR. HAGGERTY: No. I knew that the total grant for a three-year period was $160,000, and out of that my salary was to come and any other people that I hired. Beyond that, there was no budget. I had a slight delay in starting because just before I was going to finish the chief residency, in June. Dr. Mohsen Ziai, who was to succeed me as chief resident, was Iranian. He came and said that his mother was going to spend the summer with his sister in Paris and he hadn't seen her for several years. He said, "You've been chief resident for a year and summertime's slow. Won't you continue for July and August and I'll be back in September?" And I said, "Well I have to start this program." But he said, "Oh, you can do both." He was a very persuasive person. So, because I was a close friend of his and all, I agreed. Well, on July 3rd, I think, I got a call from one of the residents that a child came in with bulbar polio, and needed to be put in the tank respirator [iron lung]. I'd had a lot of experience with polio, actually having been sent out by the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis. And so I went in and helped put this child in a tank respirator. That was the beginning of the last polio epidemic, at least in the Boston area, because it was the year in which the controlled trial of the Salk vaccine was going on. But Boston wasn't a part of

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that. We saw over 3,000 patients that summer with possible polio. The 350-bed hospital was entirely converted to polio patients except for about 15 beds reserved for trauma. At one time we probably had 30 or 40 patients in tank respirators. It was a terribly, terribly busy and anxiety-producing summer. I think I got home about three nights in two months. One of them was to take 20 cc's of gamma globulin and inject my poor wife, who was pregnant with our third child, as a preventive. As I said, it was the last gasp. So I had a delay of a couple of months. And then in the fall, in addition to just administering this well baby clinic, I started to think about what I was going to do with this grant. And I thought I'd better go around and visit some places. In Boston, there was a home care program run out of Tufts [University] that took calls in the morning from parents who had a sick child and they would send medical students out to see the child. It was an emergency room visit basically; but made in the home. That had been going on for years and years; it was part of what was called the Boston Dispensary. So that was one model. It didn't appeal to me very much because there was no follow-up, there was no continuity at all, and it was not tied to any well child work. I then visited Barbara [M.] Korsch in New York Hospital, who was doing with George [G.] Reader a program providing comprehensive care to welfare patients. It was a family program that provided care for the whole family. That seemed to be more a model that I liked. I visited Paul Harper at [Johns] Hopkins [Hospital] who was the chairman of maternal and child health, and he had written a book on what was involved in preventive pediatrics. [Preventive pediatrics: Child health and development. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1962] Again, there was very little written about this, even though most pediatricians did a lot of well child work. It was hard to find a text as to what one should provide and Paul did that. I'm forever grateful for that; it's still a wonderful book. And I visited Cleveland, where they had a family program for teaching medical students. First year medical students were assigned a pregnant lady and a family and they provided more of a social work context. So out of that, I finally settled on what I called a family health care program. I thought it was important to take care of the whole family, but I was not willing to provide only the well child or preventive side. I was enough of a clinician for sick kids that I wanted the care part. So we called it a Family Health Care Program. I recruited a public health nurse, Miss [E.] Lenihan, who had actually worked with Dane Prugh on his controlled trial of an in-hospital child life program. I think it's one of the few controlled trials showing that kids got better quicker and had shorter hospitalizations as they were provided this experience in hospital. DR. KENDIG: And you had some internists as well?

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DR. HAGGERTY: I had an internal medicine [practitioner], an obstetrician, a child psychiatrist, and a social worker. Plus a secretary, and so that's what we used the money for. And we began to recruit families, with the initial plan being to provide this program for our pediatric residents. So, a lot of the families were recruited from the well child clinics there. I was particularly interested in getting the residents involved, and I'd say that they weren't always very enthusiastic about it. I thought one way to involve them was to have them bring patients that they had cared for in the hospital who had ongoing illness, as a child with diabetes or a child with post meningitis or mental retardation or a variety of diseases, including congenital heart disease. And I had an agreement from Dr. Janeway, which in itself was quite remarkable that I could recruit any child from any clinic in the hospital to my clinic. And so I recruited children with cystic fibrosis from Dr. [Harry] Schwachman's clinic, and kids with congenital heart disease from Dr. Nadas. We provided the general care, the preventive care and the acute intermittent care. They continued to receive their specialist care from the specialty clinic. DR. KENDIG: How did the private pediatricians in the community view all this? DR. HAGGERTY: Well that's an interesting point. I'll come to it later in Rochester when there was some opposition. I don't remember any opposition in Boston. It was partly because we were selecting patients who were indigent and underserved. This was pre-Medicaid, so there was no basis for payment. But it's an interesting point because the city well baby clinics that were in my building, which I was responsible for and which were staffed by city public health nurses, were forbidden to provide curative services. You couldn't even write a prescription for penicillin if they had a raging sore throat; you had to send them across the street to the emergency room. That had been the agreement worked out years before, I suspect by the medical society and the public health department, that there was this division between prevention and cure. It's another reason why I put care in our program; I did not want to separate the two. And actually, it was similar to what practicing pediatricians were doing; they provided integrated care. So in some ways I think the practitioners saw me and saw what I was doing as trying to provide training for residents, which would better prepare them for the kind of practice that they did. So rather than opposition, I would say most of the practitioners were really very pleased with this. A couple of points, I think. Dr. Stuart, who is best known for designing the percentile growth charts, continued to work in the clinic and was a real wonderful mentor to me. He had, for years, followed a group of children in Boston and measured their growth and development. And so I got ensconced in that research. Matter of fact, the first research thing I did there was to

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evaluate the 21-year-old follow-up of these kids that he'd followed since birth. Their growth is the growth charts that everybody uses now. I remember seeing these 21-year-old kids come in and looking at his write-up of them at birth. Very frequently he would say, "This flabby, loose-jointed, placid child at birth," and in would walk this floppy, sort of flaccid kid. And then another description of this newborn would be, "This very hyperactive, muscular, energetic kid," and in would walk this muscular, energetic kid. So I became relatively convinced of the persistence of temperament, and even physical characteristics through that. But also two other public health physicians, Dr. Pauline Stitt and Dr. Valadian worked in that clinic. So I began to be exposed to the public health aspects, which were not only prevention but also population-based. All of our patients came from an area of Boston called Mission Hill, in Roxbury, which at that time was a largely Irish immigrant, relatively poor population. But right from the start they began to educate me that you couldn't just wait for patients to come into you, you had to have a system in which you tried to go out and find patients who needed medical care, because the target area was geographically based. DR. KENDIG: Were home visits involved? DR. HAGGERTY: Not in the well child program, but as we recruited more and more patients into the family health care program, we did home visiting for the residents. We mainly did home visiting for acute illness. And we had an answering service; they made home visits, but usually I went out with them. It was a little difficult, like pulling teeth, to free them up for that. The other thing was that I started to do research in this program. I think this was different from some of the other programs around the country. I saw this as a laboratory where we could, in fact, study a lot of things. I think we talked last week about how we were the first to give the live measles vaccine to home dwelling kids; we did a random control trial with Dr. [Samuel] Katz, who had developed the vaccine. We had the patients and he had the vaccine. We did other studies, we did studies with Dr. [John F.] Crigler [Jr.] on normal endocrine development of kids. He was interested in adrenal function development. We studied an influenza vaccine. So we did a fair amount of that kind of research. The other thing, because I had been chief resident in the hospital, I started out with a fair number of patients that I had cared for who had chronic illness, and fairly rapidly I built up a practice. It was not a planned thing, but people referred patients to me. Doctors in outlying areas would have a child that would be admitted to the hospital, and they didn't want to come in from Westwood, for instance, an hour's trip to see one patient; so they'd call me up and ask if I'd take care of them in the hospital. And if they didn't want them back afterwards for any reason I would take care of them. So I slid into the care of patients with bacterial meningitis, for instance, and

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eventually was taking care of most of those children. I got a group of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. I tended to pick up problem cases that there wasn't, at that time, any specialty for. There wasn't anybody doing rheumatoid arthritis; there wasn't anybody really doing bacterial infections in children. Dr. [John F.] Ender's lab and Dr. [Thomas H.] Weller's lab, were focused on viral infections. So at the same time I was attending in the hospital a lot. I would attend two or three months a year on the floors; and I took morning report in the emergency room a lot of the time. DR. KENDIG: Sounds like a very busy schedule. DR. HAGGERTY: Well, it was busy. In part it was a desire to maintain and keep my clinical interest. In part it was a little way to earn a little extra money; $4,000, even then, didn't go very far. And in part it was to keep my presence in the hospital. We were one of the first continuity programs, if you will, the predecessor of some of the current continuity programs. It was not easy going. I would say a third of the residents were interested, a third were kind of passive, and a third were very opposed to it; they didn't want to spend their time doing what they considered "not serious" illness. DR. KENDIG: Was this a required rotation? DR. HAGGERTY: Well, it was not a rotation; they all were assigned. Initially, we gave them about five families from the well child clinics there, and they provided care for all the children in the family. These are pediatric residents at Boston Children's. But at the same time, the internist and obstetrician faculty members took care of the rest of the family. So I was interested in having the residents learn about the families from these other people, even though the pediatric residents weren't providing that sort of care. But because of the resistance of many of the residents, I thought it was important to be visible in the hospital and to be visible as a doctor who had competence in taking care of all the sick patients that were in the hospital. I think that's still an important issue; I worry sometimes that the continuity clinics around the country seem separate from the in-hospital care. I think to the degree that that happens, they are less successful. So even some of the residents would say, "Well, I don't like this well child work, but if you're doing it it's probably OK." Because I had a certain reputation, I guess, among them. And I always had patients in the hospital who were pretty sick. DR. KENDIG: How about the involvement of medical students? DR. HAGGERTY: Well, that came a little later, a year or two after we got going. It had always been the plan to involve medical students. But the question was at what level should we involve them. As I mentioned, I had visited the Cleveland group, which was the first to assign medical students a

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family and they did it in the first year. Again, I had this care issue in my mind, and was unwilling to give up the role of a doctor caring for sick children, and thought the medical students at first year just couldn't act as a doctor. So we decided to do it third year. And so the program assigned medical students a pregnant lady, multigravida, who had had normal first or other pregnancy. And the medical student took care of the whole family, under the supervision of the obstetrician, the internist and myself, and, more importantly, the public health nurse, Miss Lenihan, who provided care for all the family. We had students do this, and I'm convinced that a bonding experience occurs between the medical student and the mother through the pregnancy. That's an experience that makes them much more… DR. KENDIG: And the student was present for the delivery? DR. HAGGERTY: And the student was present for the delivery. In fact I had an agreement from the Dean that they could be called out of anything they were in if the delivery occurred, because it's the one shot they had. DR. KENDIG: What did the other departments think of that? DR. HAGGERTY: Well, surgery in particular was unhappy at first about it. They thought that this was a little folderol and why did they get called out of other responsibilities. Particularly the chairman of surgery, at the [Peter Bent] Brigham [Hospital], objected to it. But the dean and Dr. Janeway were behind me. And the chairman of obstetrics was behind me. And George Thorn, chairman of medicine, was supportive. So that's an important part. About two or three years into the program, we decided to do a random controlled trial of this clinical education experience. We did this in part because I really was concerned about the need to evaluate how effective this was as a teaching exercise, and in part because they started a similar program at the Massachusetts General Hospital. We didn't get any informed consent of the medical students, but we randomly assigned about 36 students to this program, and had a control group, and worked out a series of evaluation methods. One of these was to evaluate the write-ups of the family and social history when they were on other services: internal medicine, surgery, in other hospitals. And that was in itself rather interesting. One sidelight: there was a woman medical student, who really was very sensitive and did a super job with us. She had a patient in surgery at the Mass [Massachusetts] General Hospital, a young man with ulcerative colitis who was going to have a colectomy. And in her social and family history, she wrote non-contributory. I went up to her afterwards and I said, "Gee there must be something here with this serious illness. Does he have a family?" And she spun out this whole tale. She knew it backwards and forwards; she had taken a very good family and social history. And I said to her, "Well,

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why don't you write it down?" She said, "Oh, if I wrote that on surgery they'd think I was soft in the head." So it impressed me that students are very adaptive to the culture of the moment. So, at any rate, we did this evaluation and have written it up. There was relatively little difference. One of the concerns of some of the people was that we would actually hurt the students; that their marks would drop because of the investment in this program. Well, that didn't happen. Matter of fact, it was a very small investment. And there was a slight increase in the number who elected to go into the medical specialties; internal medicine, psychiatry, pediatrics; as opposed to surgery which at that time was a very popular selection process. So I think at best we can say it didn't hurt the students, and there are a lot of anecdotes about the students. Years later some of them who went into surgery actually would ask me about their families when they would see me. The students made home visits. First of all a regular home visit just to assess the home environment, before the mother delivered. Then they made a visit to the newborn baby about a week or ten days after the baby went home. In those days mothers stayed in the hospital seven to ten days, so this was about three weeks or so. And then they went in on acute illness, and saw social problems as well as physical. Just an example, one New Year's Eve we had a call from this family that was always in trouble. Mother had had a baby and she had psychotic breaks almost every time she had a baby. She called me and said that she was committing suicide. And so my wife and I and a student went out on New Year's Eve to the house and found the father absolutely dead drunk. The mother had taken a bottle of barbiturates. She was fairly comatose, but there were four little kids in the house. And we left the father and we took the mother into Brigham Hospital and had her admitted there. But what to do with four little kids on New Year's Eve? Well, I called the social worker in our program, and she told me about what's called the [New England] Home for Little Wanderers, one of those typical old Boston institutions. We took the children up to that Home for Little Wanderers and they took them in and kept them until the mother got home from the hospital. Students exposed to that kind of crisis learned something. It's hard to quantitate and all, but it was that kind of experience I think that got me more involved in the social and emotional and behavioral aspects. It was clear that families' emotions were important in their health. Probably the best research that I ever did was the study of streptococcal infections and stress in the family, in which we followed a number of families for a whole year, and cultured them periodically. We were taking care of them so we knew whenever they got sick. We had the mother keep a diary of stressful life events. We were able to show that there was a significant increase in all

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respiratory infections, including streptococcal, within a short period after a stressful life event; a father losing his job, the family moving, the kid failing in school. That was published in Pediatrics. Actually it was the first paper I ever gave to SPR [Society for Pediatric Research] in Atlantic City. We were doing research in this program and we were increasingly involved in the public health approach through my contact with these people in public health. DR. KENDIG: What other disciplines were you able to link with? DR. HAGGERTY: Initially, none. What I recognized was my need for research skills. So I started by taking epidemiology and biostatistics and actually a social anthropology course, all at the Harvard School of Public Health. I got to know some of the people there, including the behavioral scientists. And two of them, a medical anthropologist, Bob Rappaport, and a medical sociologist, Bob Wilson, were running a program at Harvard College with [Talcott Parsons], a very famous sociologist, called medical sociology. It was a post-doctoral program; they had about 18 postdoctoral social scientists, sociologists, psychologists, and anthropologists, and there were three of us physicians who went. We spent all day Friday in seminar and presenting our research and having feedback about it, and that got me very much involved. I recognized the need for even more training, so I got a fellowship from the Commonwealth Fund again to go to England for a year and study medical sociology. I took epidemiology and biostatistics again at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, but I worked with an anthropologist there, Margot Jeffreys, to develop a family function scale and instrument. And when I came home, I then hired a medical anthropologist, John Kosa, who worked with us, and later a medical sociologist, Dr. Leon Robertson. So behavioral scientists were brought in, and we worked in partnership with other disciplines. Certainly, unless I had been able to work with those people, I would have never been able to do the research. But I don’t think that's much different than clinicians in medicine working with PhD biochemists, for instance, or neonatology with pulmonary physiologists or whatever. So I think the model of clinicians working with basic scientists is an absolute essential. I'll mention just a couple of other things about Boston. I don't know quite how it occurred, but Dr. [Lendon] Snedeker, who was an assistant administrator, also worked in this well baby clinic, and he'd been a practitioner before he went into hospital administration. And he had been active in the [American] Public Health Association, and he told me one time, "You know, they're starting these poison centers; there's one in Chicago now. Maybe we ought to have one here in Boston." So I started the Boston Poison Information Center. There were no files of ingredients. We got a

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little money to hire a medical student for the summer and he went out to Woolworth's and drug stores and looked at the labels of the most commonly ingested things that kids took, and got the address of the company and wrote off. We had about 600 products that we started with. And I got active in that and the organization of the national program. I was actually president, I think second or third president, of the American Association of Poison Control Centers; so I was getting into toxicology, if you will. The other thing was the big study that we did, which was to evaluate the effectiveness of family care compared to episodic care. We got a grant from the Commonwealth Fund and later supplemented it with Maternal and Child Health [Bureau] funds, to do a random controlled trial. We recruited families from the emergency room who did not have a doctor and were using the emergency room and other city well baby clinics for preventive services, and randomly assigned them to an intervention group which was our program. They got the family program. Some of them got medical students, some got the internist, obstetrician, pediatrician, providing the care and the others were left to use their usual source. It was a three-year study. Dr. [Joel J.] Alpert was by that time a faculty member and Dr. Margaret [C.] Heagarty was a fellow. It was just at that time that I got offered the chair here at [University of] Rochester, so I left in the middle of that study but went back quite a lot to complete it. Very interesting study in that we were able to show some reduction in hospitalization, increase in preventive services, and cost reduction because we did far less x-rays for kids with asthma, for instance, and didn't prescribe as many medications because we knew these families. So it was one of the first random controlled trials of health services, and it's what got me into the health services area. DR. KENDIG: And that was published as well? DR. HAGGERTY: That was published finally in a book form [Changing the Medical Care System: A Controlled Experiment in Comprehensive Care]; we published a series of papers along the way. So I think that the contributions of that program were that it got me more and more into integrated services, prevention linked with cure, research on families and research in health services. And I think I came to the attention of Dr. Kerr [L.] White who was then at North Carolina and who initiated the Health Services Research Study Section in the [US] Public Health Service; he got me appointed to that. It really was one of the most wonderful educational experiences, as I think service on all study sections is. It gives you the ability to rub shoulders with many other disciplines. We had economists and historians and health services researchers, various behavioral scientists on this, many very outstanding people, and reviewed grants from all over the country. In addition, I was asked to chair a group that went to Scandinavia to look at health services research there. That ability to move into the health

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services research community was another very important aspect and certainly led to the programs that we developed here at Rochester. DR. KENDIG: Could you comment a little bit about your work with the New England Journal [of Medicine]? DR. HAGGERTY: Yes. Certainly another facet of my career has been editing. I guess I've always liked that; I was editor of my high school yearbook and I was editor of a freshman handbook at Cornell. I don't really know whether that was known to anybody. But Dr. Janeway called me in one day and said that Dr. [Joseph] Garland, who was the editor of the New England Journal and a pediatrician, had asked him if there was a pediatrician who would be willing to serve as an associate editor. He was going to appoint an internist and a pediatrician, and Dr. Joe [Joseph] Stokes III was the internist at the Mass General Hospital. It was attractive to me for many reasons. As I said I liked editing. There was a little money involved, which was always in short supply, I tell you, in Boston. And again, it got me involved with a very distinguished editorial board of the New England Journal. Maxwell Finland, famous in infectious disease, George Thorn and others. Joe Stokes and I read all of the manuscripts that came in and assigned them to one of three groups and frequently sent them out for review as well. One group we thought was definitely rejection, another group we thought was definitely acceptance, and then a middle group. It was the middle group of course that caused the long discussion at the board meetings. DR. KENDIG: Did you have meetings weekly? DR. HAGGERTY: Board meetings were monthly. Weekly, Joe Stokes and I had a long lunch on Friday afternoon with Dr. Garland in which we went over issues and discussed future things with him. One of the things that I would tell any young person is try to find yourself a mentor; somebody who is willing to help you learn the ropes of many things. And my two mentors were Dr. Janeway, who was absolutely wonderful, but also Dr. Garland. He was just a marvelous human being, patiently taught us some of the arts of writing. He had been a practicing pediatrician until his mid-50s when he went into congestive heart failure while climbing a tenement in Boston to see a sick child. He had a patent ductus arteriosis which he never would have repaired, and he figured he needed a more sedentary life after that. Actually he continued editing until, I think, close to 80; so he was a long time editor. Out of those discussions and all with him, we developed a series on social medicine in the New England Journal. I don't know whose idea it was, but I guess we all contributed. We had an article on the economics of health care, we had one on compliance, and we had one on public health and clinical medicine.

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DR. KENDIG: An important tradition, which continues. DR. HAGGERTY: Right. I think that not only cemented my interest in this area of social pediatrics; but also illustrated that one could influence a field by what you published. DR. KENDIG: I believe you also contributed a poison article on a regular basis. DR. HAGGERTY: Yes, well, I guess maybe that was how I came to Dr. Garland's attention, now that you mention it. We had gotten permission through the poison center to publish a monthly article called "Toxic Hazards." I published the first ones myself, but then as time went on it was a good vehicle to get the residents who had taken care of a child to write up a case with me and then we would review the literature on that. Again, there was very little in the literature at that time about how to deal with common poisons. Fred Rosen and I wrote one on boric acid poisoning in a kid who'd had boric acid put on diaper rash, so it was a series of interesting articles of that sort. The editorial part was certainly very important and led later to the editorial work on Pediatrics. That came after I got here; I was appointed a co-editor of Pediatrics with Dr. [Jerold F.] Lucey. Later I was asked to start this new journal, Pediatrics in Review, in 1978, a continuing education program which I still edit to this day. And then, of course, there was one other editing activity I got involved in after I got here to Rochester. Dr. Morris Green, who had been active in founding the Ambulatory Pediatric Association, and I felt that there was a need for a textbook on this field. I think any field kind of has to either have a journal or a textbook or something to solidify the knowledge. We edited the first volume, I think probably in about '65 or 6, of Ambulatory Pediatrics, and we're just putting the fifth edition to bed right now. So that's continued. Later on we wrote up our community child health experience here in Rochester in a book called Child Health and the Community. So between editing of journals and editing of books, I have certainly done a fair amount of editing. DR. KENDIG: And when did the Ambulatory Pediatric Association start? DR. HAGGERTY: Well, the first meeting was actually in 1952. I was in the Air Force, and I went to the meeting of the Society for Pediatric Research with another friend of mine in the Air Force. While there, he took me to a room where Katherine Dodd, who had been his teacher at Vanderbilt, and Barbara Korsch and Dick [Richard] Olmstead were talking about the need

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for this kind of a program. This was before I had finished residency. About 1955 or 1956, the organization was formally established and I had at least been involved a bit. I think I was the third president of it. So I became active from the very beginning in that association. Well then we come to Rochester. As I got back from the sabbatical, I began to get offers of chairmanships around the country. Most of them were not all that attractive for a variety of reasons; either they were areas of the world I didn't want to live in or something. So I was really pretty well convinced I was going to stay at Boston. As a matter of fact, the goal I had there was to create a department of family medicine. We had begun to get fellows from family medicine to train with us. Lynn [P.] Carmichael, after he had his fellowship with us, became chairman of the new department of family medicine. I think had we stayed, we would have done that, and Harvard would probably have trained more of the chairmen of family medicine. I think that might have made a difference so that family medicine might have gone down a more research-oriented path than it has. But since I'd interned here in Rochester and I came from upstate New York, I had a warm spot in my heart for Rochester. So I was at one of the Association of American Medical Colleges meetings giving a talk when I was asked to have breakfast with Dr. [Leonard] Fenninger, who was the director of [Strong Memorial] Hospital, and Dr. [Robert] Berg who was chairman of the search committee for the chairman of pediatrics. Dr. Berg was chairman of preventive medicine. I was very excited about that, because this was a place I could see coming to. And the more I talked with the people here, the more this seemed to be a real fit for me. So I was very excited about coming here, and came as chair in July of '64. I had what would now be considered a very small dowry, if you will. I think I got five new positions from the dean. But you have to remember there were only 13 people on the full-time faculty in the department at that time, one of whom was the star Gilbert Forbes who remains here and who was a wonderful supporter of me all through those years. I brought with me Dr. Evan Charney who was just finishing his fellowship with me in Boston, to develop a continuity program and family health program here. The one position we never filled; I had a half-time salary for a child psychiatrist who was to be jointly supported by psychiatry. Dr. Prugh had left just as I came here; he went to Colorado. We were never able to fill that position, which I was very sad about. I think, even to this day, child psychiatry here has not flourished. We got an immunologist, Dr. Robert [H.] Schwartz, who was finishing his immunology program, and a couple of other faculty members, and began.

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One of the exciting parts of the job here was that there was to be a new hospital. And, as a matter of fact, in March or maybe April of '64 when I had already agreed to come, the dean called me. He said I had to come right up because they were putting the finishing touches on the plans for the new hospital and I needed to design the pediatric service. So I came up and spent a couple of weeks in the spring of '64. Got here and, of course, then the Vietnam War escalated. We had a fairly large grant from the U.S. Public Health Service for a hospital building that got put on hold. They dug a hole for the basement, but then stopped. We used to kid that it was the world's largest swimming pool. The hospital was never completed until after I left; it opened in the summer of '75, 11 years later. So I never worked in this current hospital. But our hospital facilities were very inadequate in pediatrics. There had never been a premature nursery. Dr. [William L.] Bradford had carved out a little room across the hall from the infants' ward where we had prematures, but this was before any kind of respiratory therapy and about all we did was keep them warm and feed them. They were just completing an animal research lab, and I think I got 5,000 feet of space there. Stan [Stanford] Friedman was one of the other people I recruited in the area of psycho-neural immunology, as well as adolescent medicine, and he had a laboratory there: a mouse stress laboratory. Aside from that, we didn't have any laboratory space and most of the people worked in other labs. Our two infectious disease people, Dr. [James B.] Hanshaw and Dr. [Lowell] Glasgow who both went on to be chairs at other places, had their labs in microbiology. Dr. Schwartz, when he came, had his lab in the immunology lab in medicine. So we really had very inadequate space. I remember the first time I met with the faculty I told them that my goal here was to have a balanced department. I guess I was a little sensitive that I may have been known as more of a behavioralist, but I wanted to make sure that people understood I wasn't just interested in that. But we were really hamstrung in terms of the space. I particularly wanted to build neonatology. I mean it was clearly a core part of any pediatric department, and yet we had this terrible little preemie nursery. I started out recruiting with Dr. Mel [Mary Ellen] Avery, I had her up and Nick [Nicholas M.] Nelson and Peter [A. M.] Auld, and several other luminaries in the field of neonatology. And they all sort of laughed at me as if to say, "You mean you want me to work in that space?" And I'd say, "Well, we're going to have a new hospital, you know, and you can design the nursery." It was to be on the obstetric floor where it is now, so it was certainly to be a nice one, although not anywhere near what it is today. But all through that time we really had difficulty developing the hospital-based and laboratory-based services. That's not to say that I wasn't interested in developing a community program, which was going to be my thing. But it certainly led us to look as if that was the major thing we did here because I wasn't able to get some of the other subspecialties developed.

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And so we became known as, I think, probably the premier community child health pediatric department. I had brought from England and from this public health experience in Boston the idea of geographically based medicine and the responsibility for a defined population. Right from the start, I said that this department being the only department of pediatrics in the community, the only academic department, should be responsible for the children's health of Monroe County especially, and even for the region. That didn't mean that we were going to provide care for all those, but we needed to understand who wasn't getting care, and assist those who were, including the pediatric services at Highland [Hospital] and St. Mary's [Hospital]. So from the early period we developed random sample household surveys. I was able to recruit Dr. Klaus Roghmann, a sociologist who is still here. The first summer I was here, I had a grant from the [Rochester] Patient Care Planning Council, Mr. Marion Folsom from Kodak was chair of that. Its purpose was to integrate the pediatric services. All five hospitals in the city had pediatric services. The Rochester General [Hospital] had a pediatric residency program. The others did not, or if they did it was periodic. Genesee [Memorial Hospital] probably occasionally had one. Dr. [Joseph] Stokes [Jr.], this was the father of Joe Stokes III at the Mass General, had just retired as chair at Penn, and he came up and spent most of the summer with me. Together we looked at the needs; he, as a senior person with gray hair, was good in talking to boards of trustees. And we finally patched together a program, which was to close the pediatric services at Highland and St. Mary's. In return they were going to get extended care beds, so they were pleased with that. And to make Genesee and the [Rochester] General integral parts of Strong [Memorial Hospital], and have a single residency program for the three hospitals. A single faculty program in which the chiefs at General and Genesee would be paid for entirely by that hospital, but would be appointed jointly by me and the university and their board of trustees. DR. KENDIG: That was a very innovative plan in those days. DR. HAGGERTY: I think so, and therefore it covered all the hospital base. The other part of that was that we would develop the specialty programs in conjunction with strengths in those other hospitals. Genesee Hospital had a very strong gastroenterology medicine group under Dr. [Harry L.] Segal, and so when I recruited a gastroenterologist, first Dr. [Clinton B.] Lillibridge and then Dr. Marilyn [R.] Brown, both were based at the Genesee Hospital. And the Rochester General Hospital had, and I think still has, a strong hemophiliac clinic, and the chairman of medicine was a hematologist there. So we appointed Dr. Jerry Miller, a hematologist, to be the chief there, and developed some of the hematology. So the idea was not to have everything at Strong.

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I made a sincere effort to try to show the rest of the faculty an integrated approach, in that I rounded one month every year at the Genesee and one month every year at the General. And, by and large, the rest of the faculty did this. It now has extended, of course, to the house staff even, a third of them having their continuity program at the General Hospital. So integration of hospital services was something that probably was relatively unique around the country. We also did the development of these community-based surveys. One of the things that was clear is that the inner city here, like every inner city, had a lack of medical care. In the seventh ward, where we ultimately developed a health center, there were two minority physicians, both elderly, and that was all. DR. KENDIG: And no department of health clinics in those days? DR. HAGGERTY: Yes, there were well baby clinics. Again, there was a separation. The public health departments around the country had long term agreements with the Monroe County Medical Society that they were not to develop curative systems. DR. KENDIG: Oh, only well baby care. DR. HAGGERTY: And you asked earlier about the conflict. In 1965, maybe early '66, Dr. Charney and I went to Washington to see if we could get a grant to develop a Children and Youth Project; it was part of the Great Society [Lyndon B.] Johnson program. Dr. George Silver, who was the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Health, told me, "Well if you've been interested in taking care of families, why don't you go over and see this young woman, Miss Lisbeth Baumberger (who's now Lisbeth Schorr). She's running this new program in the Office of Economic Opportunity." We got over there, and she said, "If you can get a grant in within three weeks, we'll give you three million dollars a year to start a community health center." And we came home and developed the community board, and got the grant in. And then we had two barriers. The first, you asked about opposition. We took this to the Monroe County Medical Society, and I remember Dr. Charney and I presenting this, feeling we were doing this great good for the community, and I almost felt it was pro forma to ask their permission. Well, there was a lot of debate, and it got approved, as I remember, 54 for, to 52 against, by the Medical Society. Very close. And then the other part was the president of the university was very reluctant to have this as a university project. I think he was concerned that this was a huge financial risk and that if the government pulled out the university would be expected to continue it. He was also politically

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conservative and, I think, didn't agree with the Great Society programs. But eventually it was approved and the health center was started in what was the old Baden Street well baby clinic. Dr. Ken [Kenneth] Woodward, who had been a practicing pediatrician, had been running that clinic, so he became the director. And it was a model like the family health program in Boston, in that we took care of the whole family then. We had residents in pediatrics and medical students there, and plans were made very early to build a new building. So probably we took maybe three years before the current [Anthony L.] Jordan Health Center was completed. Dr. Jordan had been one of the minority physicians practicing there, a beloved man. He retired as soon as the community health center came in. He was in his 70s and he'd only hung on because of dedication to the patients. So the Health Center was started, and from the start there, we also were concerned about evaluation and research. And we had a fairly large budget within the community health center grant to do an evaluation, and that allowed me to do the community surveys that Dr. Roghmann did. In addition we got a program project grant from this health services research study section, to study child health services here, and we were able to hire a number of faculty who were partly research and partly service. Dr. Charney was the chief research physician on the team. Dr. Charney and I have often referred to this as the Camelot days, because it was a very exciting time. We felt we were on the cusp of something very important. We were able to show that the patients in the community health center had fewer hospital days, better immunizations, again reduced costs. And we were able to recruit Dr. [Philip R.] Nader to develop the school health program, and one of the reasons we built the Jordan Health Center right next to School Six was in order to link the school health and the community health center together. And we got Dr. [Robert] Chamberlain to do some behavioral and community research projects. There were a number of other faculty members who were recruited. And as I said earlier, it looked to the outside world, and I think it looked to many of the faculty here, like we were developing a community behavioral program almost exclusive to the rest. But as I say, it was within this limited hospital base that I intended to develop the hospital subspecialties when I could. DR. KENDIG: Dr. Haggerty, I'm afraid our time is up for this morning. We will take up again in a future tape, your work from this point on. And I'd like to thank you for sharing these many exciting aspects of your most distinguished career with us this morning. Thank you. DR. HAGGERTY: Thank you. END OF TAPE 1, SIDE B

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DR. KENDIG: I am Dr. James Kendig. It is September 30, 1998, and I am interviewing Dr. Robert Haggerty for the American Academy of Pediatrics. This is tape number two. Good morning, Dr. Haggerty. DR. HAGGERTY: Good morning. DR. KENDIG: Before we continue our chronological discussion of your most distinguished pediatric career, I was wondering if you could elaborate on a few philosophical issues that we had been discussing earlier this morning. DR. HAGGERTY: Yes. I think the first is viewers of this in the future need to remember that memory is fallible. And I recently had a quote from Dr. [Daniel] Schachter, a psychologist at Harvard, who said, "Every act of memory is an act of imagination." I think, therefore, we are subject to distortion and illusion and our memories are fragile. The other point is that doing a chronological approach to one's life sometimes makes it appear more purposeful, more orderly than I think it actually is. I've recently been reading a book by Dr. Michael Lewis called [Altering Fate:] Why the Past Does Not Predict the Future [New York: Guilford Press, 1998]. He's a psychologist who has done a longitudinal study of children's development. He says, "In this book I will argue that accidents and chance encounters are a part of life. Life is not orderly or predictable, and thus the past does not seal our fate. Instead I will argue for a view of life as complex and emerging, where the task is always adaptation to the present." I think the two points I would take from that are one, that we put an artificial sort of purposefulness and symmetry to our lives when we talk about them in context. We forget the asymmetries. But also that adaptation and change are always possible, and at my age that appeals to me; that your fate is not sealed just because of something that happened in childhood. There are a couple of things I didn’t mention chronologically last time that I think would be helpful in that regard. When I was finishing Cornell Medical School in 1949, my intent was to be an internist or a family physician. I really had not had a terribly exciting experience in pediatrics. I applied to two internal medicine internships, one at Case Western [Reserve University] and one at Columbia [University], and the mixed medical here at Rochester. I was turned down by Columbia; that was my first choice. Had they accepted me, I'm sure that I would have pursued on a straight internal medicine career. As a matter of fact, Dr. David Barr, the chairman of medicine at [Cornell-]New York Hospital, had offered me an assistant residency the following year after finishing my internship in mixed medicine here at Strong. So, it's an example of how chance occurrences: the fact of coming to Rochester, the experience that was so positive on pediatrics here, converted me to a pediatrician.

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DR. KENDIG: Well, we're all very pleased that you chose to come to Rochester and select pediatrics. DR. HAGGERTY: I thought I would also finish a little bit with the contributions that I perceive having made here at Rochester. DR. KENDIG: During your time as chair. DR. HAGGERTY: I think that, what we did was to move the department first in size. I think there were 13 faculty when I arrived, and there were 65 full-time faculty when I left. I mentioned in the last tape about the development of the community-based programs. I think what it did was to put on a national visibility basis the fact that pediatric departments could and should take responsibility for organization and evaluation of health services for all the children in their community, not just those who come into the hospital. DR. KENDIG: A population-based approach. DR. HAGGERTY: A population-based approach. So that probably, philosophically, was the major contribution. But during that time we started a behavioral pediatric program; we started the adolescent program, both with Dr. Stanford Friedman. We had a health services research program that was a good size here. At the same time, we had the reputation of being a very good place for general pediatric house staff training. Each year we had outstanding applicants, and I think many of them then went on to other places for subspecialty training. We were not terribly strong in most of the subspecialties. But I think we, at that point, were looked upon as one of the top two or three places in the country for an internship and residency in pediatrics. It was a wonderful springboard for most people. DR. KENDIG: And many of those individuals stayed here in Rochester. DR. HAGGERTY: And many stayed, but many also went on to other places. The medical school class of, I believe it was '70 or '71, had something like 18 or 20 people that went into pediatrics. These included the current chair of pediatrics at Harvard [Medical School], Phil [Philip] Pizzo, and the current chair of maternal and child health at Johns Hopkins [University], Dr. Bernard Guyer. I think Dr. O.J. Sahler was in that class, and several others. Students were attracted to the department then, as they are now, and then many of them went on to distinguished careers elsewhere. Well towards the mid-'70s, I think I mentioned that the university wasn't always very friendly towards this community approach. In part I think it was the concern that this was a financial exposure should the external

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funding cease. But in part it was also the feeling that this was not academic enough. We were subject to repeated examinations and reviews by committees to see whether we were academic enough. We usually passed with flying colors because we actually were producing lots of papers, and I think the research was good. DR. KENDIG: Inside reviewers, or outside? DR. HAGGERTY: Inside reviewers. The process of external reviews was started during that time, and they were always very positive, with the exception that they all decried the lack of a hospital that allowed us to develop a first class neonatal intensive care unit. I think I mentioned that before, but that was in the planning. But I did get a little frustrated at what I perceived as the criticism of the department, internally that is, which externally I think was held in very high regard. I had done a lot of traveling because we were getting the research on our community programs. We were one of the few, I think, in the country that had good evaluation of this. I was asked to give talks in many places, and I felt this was important to spread the word about Rochester, to recruit faculty and house staff. DR. KENDIG: Yes. Put it on the map. DR. HAGGERTY: Put it on the map. And I think we did. The price I paid was at home. I was perceived as being away quite a lot. One year the house staff gave me a model airplane, they said, "If you're flying all this time you ought to have your own plane." And another time they gave me a certificate as a visiting professor in the department of pediatrics here at Rochester. I was getting a bit itchy with the criticism and all. And then some of my key people were recruited to other places. It's always a privilege to have them go. Lowell Glasgow went as chair at [University of] Utah, Dr. [James B.] Hanshaw went as chair at the new school at University of Massachusetts, Dr. Charney went as chief of pediatrics at Sinai [Hospital] in Baltimore and a full professor at Hopkins, Dr. Friedman went as chairman of child psychiatry at [University of] Maryland, and Phil Nader in school health left. So many of the people that I had recruited and were the exciting core of the department were visible and being recruited elsewhere. The thought of starting over and recruiting all those people again, and this feeling that we weren't always appreciated at home, made me susceptible, I guess, to a variety of outside offers. I began to get offers. I was offered the chair of pediatrics at Case Western Reserve, and I almost took that. I was offered the deanship at the school of public health at the University of Washington and almost took that. And the director of the new Center for Health Services Research at [University of] North Carolina. Our children were in high school, so it wasn't a good time

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for them to move; but I was getting susceptible to this, when an alternative arose. I was invited to spend the year of '74-'75 at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford [University]. This was an opportunity to get away from the academic and the administration and think for awhile and see what I wanted to do with my life. And we had only one child in school by that time, in high school. And so we went out there, where I was one of six people of a group that the [Henry J.] Kaiser [Family] Foundation had funded to examine the issue of, "How do you assess quality in health care?" And actually I was on the National Professional Standards Review Organization at that point. It was while I was there that Dean [Howard] Hiatt, the new dean at the School of Public Health at Harvard, came out and was asking a variety of people for suggestions of faculty. He was looking for a new chair of maternal and child health at Harvard and asked me. I gave him some names, but then I said, "You know I might be available." And I think he saw this as a good move, because he himself had not had training in public health, and the new approach he was bringing to the School of Public Health was much more integration with the medical school. The Maternal and Child Health Department there was a small one, I think four or five faculty, and my initial reaction once I looked at that, I got a little less interested. After all, I had a department of 65 here and house staff and all. And so he engineered a package which was more appealing. He combined the Departments of Behavioral Science, which was about the size of Maternal and Child Health; the Department of Health Services, which was the largest department in the school, a department that trained health services administrators; and the Department of Maternal and Child Health, into a Department of Health Services of which I was to be the chair. He had an endowed Harvard Chair, the Roger I. [Irving] Lee Chair, available. So the offer included this expanded department, the availability of a Harvard chair, returning to Boston which had been one of the most pleasurable periods in our life, and with the mandate to link the School of Public Health with the Medical School and the Department of Pediatrics (I was given a professorship in the Department of Pediatrics at Harvard) and to be considered a division chief by Dr. Avery (she was the Chair at that time) for all of her meetings. So I embarked with great enthusiasm on this new venture. And things could have worked out had there, again, not been a series of unplanned events. Dr. Hiatt, because he was trying so hard to move the School of Public Health in new directions, angered many of the traditional faculty in the School of Public Health. I think, in retrospect, he was overly critical of them and they were a very distinguished group of people. One, for instance, Dr. Thomas [H.] Weller, a Nobel prize winner, was chairman of the Department of Tropical Public Health, namely infectious diseases. And Dr. Hiatt removed him as chair of the department because he had opposed some of the moves that Dr. Hiatt was making. Well, this led to enormous conflict within the

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school. And, at one point, 20 of the 30 tenured faculty petitioned the President to have the dean removed. I didn't join that; I believed in the things that Dr. Hiatt was trying to do, the moving of the School of Public Health, but I didn't believe in the methods that were being used. But at any rate, there was this constant cabal of one group trying to get you to join and another group and so that was crazy politics and unpleasant. Second point was that within the Department of Health Services, Dean Hiatt had created a number of new programs largely based on the business school, short intensive programs for business leaders, and had recruited faculty from the business school to teach these. Well these were all in my Department of Health Services, and yet I didn't have much control over these courses nor the people that had been recruited. On the other hand I was always being asked to get them promoted, and by and large their scholarship was of a very different kind and the School of Public Health promotions committee were not very sympathetic to it, in part because of their antagonism to the Dean. DR. KENDIG: I believe you mentioned that when you arrived there, they gave you an honorary Master's Degree. DR. HAGGERTY: That's right. Well, that's a Harvard tradition. If you have a Harvard named Chair, you have to have a Harvard degree. So they had a special convocation to award me an honorary Master's Degree, because I didn't have a Harvard degree at that point. And then the third thing, I was developing, what I think is still a very good idea, namely that the School of Public Health needs a teaching community. The equivalent, I said, of a teaching hospital for medical school. A defined population for which it could be an assessor of data, it could be a deliverer of services, it could be an epidemiologic catchment area. We got this started with some [W. K.] Kellogg [Foundation] money, and I recruited the former commissioner of health for Boston City Hospital to head the project. We then applied for a very large grant to the [Robert Wood] Johnson Foundation. One of these fortuitous things, in retrospect, they turned me down on the basis of some of the site visitors feeling that I should be doing this but I should be doing it in the medical school, not the School of Public Health. Had I gotten that grant, I would have felt committed to staying there. So in the third year there, 1978, I was frustrated by all this unhappiness in the faculty and my inability to get enough money to do things. And so I went to President [Derek] Bok and told him that I was resigning. And he said, "Well, I can understand." He was sort of caught in the middle too. He said, "I can understand all the conflicts that you're having there, but you don't have to give up your Roger I. Lee Chair, it's an endowed chair." I said, "Well, but I don't want to hang around and not have anything to do." And he, facetiously I'm sure, I don't think it was honest,

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said to me, "Well, half of Harvard faculty who have chairs don't do anything." LAUGHTER DR. HAGGERTY: At any rate, I at that point resigned from the School of Public Health, and kept my professorship in the medical school. I actually moved back to the Children's Hospital, where Dr. Avery asked me to try to bring together five or six groups. They weren't all divisions but they were groups that are really a part of what I call general pediatrics. There was the behavioral pediatric with Dr. [T. Berry] Brazelton, the mental retardation unit, the child abuse unit, the outpatient department, a community outreach program and some others. And so I did convene these groups and got them beginning to work together. Again, they were not terribly keen on joining together unless I could find funding for them. That was the glue, and I hadn't been very successful at that. So I wrote a grant to the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation to develop a fellowship that I called "General Academic Pediatrics," which was to provide fellows for all of these groups as a way of bringing them together. At the same time, I think Dr. [Neil Anthony] Holtzman from Hopkins applied to the Robert Wood Johnson for a somewhat similar grant, so I think they felt there was something positive here. They invited us to some meetings, and ultimately funded what was called the General Pediatric Academic Development Program and asked me to be the national program chair, which I was pleased to do. That was a ten-year project, from '78 to '88. Six schools, including Rochester, had a fellowship program. One hundred eleven fellows went through the program. We've just completed a review of them. Two-thirds of them are in full time academic positions now. So I think it was a reasonable success. DR. KENDIG: Right. Remarkable achievement. DR. HAGGERTY: At the same time, Dr. Friedman, who had left here to go to Maryland, had applied to the [William T.] Grant Foundation to develop a behavioral pediatric training program at University of Maryland. And the Grant Foundation had several meetings bringing several of us together to talk about this, and eventually decided to fund 11 programs, a competitive situation, so there were a lot of site visits to be made to select these. I started doing a lot of site visits for the Grant Foundation during that time, '77, '78. In late '78 the Grant Foundation fired the president. He had angered a lot of the grantees. He was a very bright man who was very confrontational, and accused leading pediatricians of not being totally honest with him and all. I don't think he was correct. But, at any rate, the board summarily fired him. Then a few months later, they asked me to be the president. My wife was not

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happy about this; she didn't want to go back to New York; she'd grown up there. And secondly she said, "But they fired the last fellow. Why do you want to go to that when you've got a tenured job here?" But I had done enough with foundations at that point that I had seen what they could do in a creative sort of way of developing new programs. And, in retrospect, it was certainly an appropriate next step in my career. I've often likened it to being a department chairman without the problems. You don't have the real estate of the hospital to manage; you don't have to worry about promotions and appointments, and parking, and all of those things. You can just deal with the intellectual aspect of faculty who come to you for funding. So I took that position, and I think made a number of improvements. We continued the behavioral pediatric program, much to the consternation of child psychiatry, who opposed this. But I think it's been an important development. I was concerned about the disciplinary boundaries that were existing in universities, where people in one discipline, say psychology, were not working with sociologists or with pediatricians, but all were working on the same kind of problem. To overcome this, we created the consortia; I think we created eight of them. They were all 10 to 15 people and multi-disciplined. They met several times a year to review each other's research in its early stages and research that we in the foundation said is going to have to be interdisciplinary and interdepartmental if we're going to fund it. We had one on minority groups, we had one on chronic illness, we had one on injuries, we had one on stress-related illness. So I think those were quite a successful venture. We created the Faculty Scholars Program, which was modeled on my experience as a [John and Mary R.] Markle fellow, where each school can nominate one person and we would support half of their salary for five years to do research. It was at a time when, in the clinical fields, people were being pushed to do more and more clinical work for their salary, or, if they were in the arts and science faculty, they were being pushed to do more teaching. This, we thought, stabilized their research career. We had annual meetings of all these groups, all these people, and that was a stimulating event. It brought people of different disciplines together; several research projects emerged out of those people coming together at those meetings. Then, for the 50th anniversary of the foundation in 1988, we created a Commission on Youth and America's Future. Among other people, Hillary Clinton was on it. That commission was looking at the transition of adolescence into adulthood, and made several major recommendations, particularly pertaining to the difficult time that inner city minority kids had in making that transition. They might have been doing OK as adolescents, but unless they got some skills and had some social support networks, they didn't get into the appropriate job market. One of the recommendations was for a national service corps to push that, and that led to Mr. [William

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Jefferson] Clinton's program for the Americorps, which still goes on. And actually, he keynoted one of our meetings when he was governor. So, that was a very policy-oriented kind of an approach. And then there was the collaboration with other foundations. I think when I went there, there was a lot of isolation of foundations; in the sense that if it isn't invented in our house it's not any good. Partly because I was from the outside, I was able to say, "Look, I need to find out what you other folks are doing." So we started meetings with the Robert Wood Johnson, the Foundation for Child Development, the Commonwealth [Fund], the Carnegie [Corporation of New York], [Annie E.] Casey [Foundation], and the Grant Foundation, where the executives got together. And I think that was a useful beginning of collaboration among foundations. So I found the foundation experience very gratifying. I tried to be user-friendly, which I think I was. I have often said that I don't think people ought to go into foundations early in their career. They need to have experience getting and not getting grants. Dr. David Rogers, who was the founding president of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, used to say, "In the foundation world, it is better to give than not to receive." And I think that I was able to be user-friendly. I spent most of my days talking to young faculty members who would come in with their nascent research ideas, and we would try to set up technical assistance to develop them if they were at all promising. And as I say, it really was like being a department chair without the aggravation department chairs have. Well, you wanted to know about the [American] Academy [of Pediatrics]. And I have to now go back in time. In 1971 or '72, I was on the editorial board of Pediatrics, the journal of the American Academy. When the editor, Dr. Clement Smith, retired, and Dr. Jerry [Jerold F.] Lucey and I were asked to co-edit the journal. I was asked to do this in large part to influence the journal to be more helpful to the practitioner. There had gotten to be a feeling that it was turning into a perinatal journal; that it was largely, as they said, "rat kidney and sheep lung." DR. KENDIG: Right. Fetal medicine. DR. HAGGERTY: And practitioners found this not as useful. So I was asked to do it. I did a third of the papers. Dr. Lucey sent me all the general pediatric infectious disease and some of the other subspecialty areas. And I handled them, decided with external reviewers, which ones to accept and which ones to not accept, and then just sent the accepted manuscripts to Jerry. So that I think we did make an impact and began to be known as a journal that was much more user-friendly to practitioners. DR. KENDIG: And members of the Academy, too.

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DR. HAGGERTY: And members of the Academy, the majority of whom are practitioners. So I was well wired in there. In the mid-'70s, '76, '77, the whole issue of recertification began to appear and the American Board of Pediatrics devised the program of recertification. There was enormous opposition from the practicing pediatric community, and the academic, too, about having to take a reexamination. The Academy and the American Board worked out the division of labor. The Board would set the examination, and the Academy would do the education for the practitioners, and part of that education was to be a journal. I was asked to edit that, and it naturally fit, I think, with this work I was doing on Pediatrics at the time. That's how Pediatrics in Review was born. It is a journal that has always been driven by the examination. The American Board develops a whole series of statements that are called content specifications, and they build their examination around those. We take those content specifications and we develop the journal. Never having seen the exam, we don't know what's on it, but we know it's going to be related to those content specifications. And I think that it has been a success. The Academy members were very hostile to the idea of recertification, however, and at one point in the early '80s the Academy actually voted to totally separate itself from this process. And the final settlement was that, starting in 1988, people who were certified before would have unlimited certification, so that they didn't have to be recertified and the Academy has said that they will not be dropped as members. But the insurance companies and hospitals and all may want to ensure that they do get re-certified. Those certified starting in 1988 would be required to take a re-certifying exam every six years. There was always a hope that more of the practitioners would take the recertification exam. I think by and large that's not happened. On the other hand, there's been almost total acceptance of the recertification process by people since 1988 and the conflict has actually died out. Pediatrics in Review has been a very successful journal. It's now over 30,000 U.S. subscribers. We're also publishing international issues in six languages, and have another 35,000 circulation there. So that has been a very satisfying experience. And that fits very much with my general pediatrics background because we do try to keep the articles and all pertinent to the practitioner. Well, this was part of the Academy, and I would be asked to give talks to the Academy chapters. In the early '80s, I think, Drs. Jerry Lucey, Jim [R. James] McKay [Jr.] and I together received the Grulee Award, which is one of the highest awards of the Academy. In 1982 or three, I was asked to give a talk to the California chapter. And in the course of it, I talked about the need for the Academy to keep to its original goal, which is the welfare of all

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children. The American Academy of Pediatrics, I think, is the only professional medical organization, which has the recipients of its activity as the reason for existence. Others will say to promote the specialty of X, Y, or Z. But the Academy's was to promote the welfare of all children. DR. KENDIG:Right. Keeps the emphasis on the children rather than on the pediatrician. DR. HAGGERTY: On the children, not on the pediatrician. But the beginning of cost escalation and the problems of early managed care were coming in, and the president ran and won in the early '80s on the basis that the Academy ought to pay more attention to pediatricians' needs and pediatricians' income. It had strayed too far, he felt, in the other direction. Well, in my talk in California I took the opposite position, and I said we did that at our peril, because part of our success, particularly in the Washington office, was being seen not as advocates of pediatricians but advocates of children. DR. KENDIG: Right. Not a union. DR. HAGGERTY: And not a union. So afterwards, some people in California came up to me and said, "Well, wouldn't you run for president?" I have to say that by and large presidents come up a long process of serving at the local and state… DR. KENDIG: Up through the ranks. DR. HAGGERTY: Up through the ranks, and I would never have had the patience for that. But I thought, "Well, this point needs to be made." And so I agreed to run. They said, "We'll deliver California for you, and you'll take New York; those are the two biggest blocks. We think you can win." Well, even people like Dr. Hoekelman said he didn't think I'd win, and Dr. Barbara Korsch bet me a dinner that I wouldn't win. And I think because I was visible to the practitioner through the Pediatrics and Pediatrics in Review, as well as a lot of talking around, I won. I must say I surprised myself. DR. KENDIG: You collected all your bets. DR. HAGGERTY: Well, I never collected the dinner from Dr. Korsch as a matter of fact. Dr. Korsch still owes me that. And yet I would only be vice president for a year and a president for a year, so that I knew I couldn't do a lot. I think many of the biggest contributions that executives on the executive board make to the Academy are made while they're on that board. They're usually there for six years and they can start a process and get it going. So I felt I had to do a limited number of things. And I thought the most important thing, aside from reiterating this need of the Academy to be for

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children, was to bring the practitioners and the academics together. I had had enough of a foot in both of these camps that I could do it. I was one of the first presidents of the Academy to have been an active academician. So I set about ways to do this. We created what are called councils, which are groups that come together representing the academic societies in the Academy in adolescent medicine, behavioral pediatrics, all of those groups. And they still exist in their ways of communicating. So I think that was probably one of my greatest contributions. I also felt that we should do what had been successful in Rochester, namely, research in office practice. I got Evan Charney to start that on a national level, and the PROS, Pediatric Research in Office Settings, is now very well funded externally, very successful. They just won the Pew Primary Care Achievement Award for an organization in research, just last week. So I considered those two Academy successes a good thing. But things do come up. We were finishing the Baby Doe controversy, which took an awful lot of time. And that was a problem because the federal government set up a hotline that anybody who thought that their baby was not being given full treatment could call, and the troops would descend. I don't know whether you were here in Rochester when it was a pair of Siamese twins, wasn't it? DR. KENDIG: Yes. DR. HAGGERTY: That somebody thought weren't being fully, adequately treated, and the group came in and they just disrupted the nursery for days. DR. KENDIG: Paralyzed the nursery. DR. HAGGERTY: So the Academy was very much opposed to that. And Dr. [C. Everett] Koop was the Surgeon General, so I had several meetings with him about how to reconcile this issue. It was Dr. Koop who came up with the final wording. The basis for this was a reauthorization of the Child Abuse [Prevention and Treatment] Act and it was going to be written in that it was abusing the child not to provide full treatment. And so Dr. Koop's wording was, "When treatment is futile, it is not necessary to do everything that one can do." And we accepted that, although many of the academicians were opposed to including anything in this child abuse law. And actually the Academy was the only medical society invited to the signing. I was invited to [President Ronald] Reagan's oval office for the signing of it. I think some of the academicians, particularly neonatologists, thought we had sold out. But I think the compromise has worked. DR. KENDIG: Right. It's worked very well.

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DR. HAGGERTY: And at the moment I don't think these exist, these hotlines exist at all. DR. KENDIG: No. DR. HAGGERTY: Likewise there is a controversy over aspirin and Reye's syndrome. The aspirin industry was very opposed to our coming out and saying that children should not receive aspirin. We had several very acrimonious meetings with them. But finally, I think, we convinced them on the basis of the data, plus they were beginning to realize that they had a much bigger market for aspirin in the adult prevention of heart disease. So the time in the Academy as president, I think, was a busy time. Nowadays it's a full time job. I was continuing as president of the Grant Foundation all through this. I did give up the editing of Pediatrics in Review for two years to Dr. Jim McKay, however, because partly conflict of interest and partly, it was just time consuming. DR. KENDIG: Too much. DR. HAGGERTY: I still have frequent flyer miles from my trotting down to Washington frequently to testify. So that was the Academy activities at that time. Looming at 1990 was my 65th birthday, and you have to begin to think about what are you going to do after retirement. I told the Foundation at that point that I thought in two more years I would like to consider retiring, at 67, and they agreed. I had wanted to move back closer to the children and grandchildren and do some other things. And so I planned in this retirement mainly to keep up Pediatrics in Review, and I was going to write a biography of Dr. [Charles A.] Janeway, when a couple of other opportunities came along. I was asked to become the executive director of the International Pediatric Association [IPA], which I have done for the last six years. And that activity stems all the way back to Dr. Janeway; he was very active in that organization. He got me, in 1959, to have an exhibit on bacterial meningitis at the Montreal International Congress. And I had been on the standing committee of the board of the IPA. And so Professor Ihsan Dogramaci, who had been a long time executive director, was stepping down. I was running for president, actually, and I think part of the solution was if I would take the executive director and not oppose the other person who was running for president, we would both have a role. And I think we did. I've often said that if the International Pediatric Association didn't exist it would have to be created. It's a membership organization of 143 national

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pediatric societies. It brings together pediatricians from every culture. All during the Cold War, Russian, U.S., Chinese pediatricians met amicably in meetings. Dr. Janeway himself wrote a paper once called "Pediatricians for Peace," in which he indicated that this kind of mutual meeting couldn't help but promote understanding. And we largely do this through education. We have a journal; we hold four or five workshops a year around the country. DR. KENDIG: I understand they have a very elegant office. DR. HAGGERTY: No. They did, in Paris. Actually, not elegant, but in an elegant place. The Centre International Des L'Enfantes in the Bois de Bologne, but I moved the office here. Not a very elegant office here. The new executive director is moving it back there. But no, the actual office is in the annex, which isn't terribly elegant, but the approach to the chateau is elegant, yes. Here are two examples of the kind of impact you can have. We had a meeting in Pakistan on pediatric education and found out that while 40 some odd percent of the population are children, the medical schools did not require an examination in child health to graduate. We usually were able to get leading people, so we had the Minister of Health and the Minister of Education there. And we said to them, "This is intolerable, you have to do this." Well, six months later they initiated an examination in child health to graduate. Then we hold yearly meetings in one of the former Soviet Republics on the southern tier, the so-called central Asian republics. All the "stans", Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, etc. And they were having diphtheria epidemics in '94, '95. And we had a meeting on immunizable, preventable diseases. [Samuel L.] Katz was there. We asked them, "Why are you having diphtheria; don't you have the vaccine?" And they said, "Oh, yeah, we have the vaccine." "Well why aren't you using it?" And they said, "Well, there are all these contraindications." "What do you mean?" Well, in the old Soviet system, with that rigidity, they had issued something like 50 contraindications to vaccine including diaper rash and cradle cap, which meant you never gave a kid a vaccination. So Dr. Katz said repeatedly, "There are no contraindications to DPT [diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus]," and banged on it enough so I think they went back with that message. These were largely chairmen of departments and leaders. And last year, at the meeting in Azerbaijan, we asked them, and they said, "Well, we've gotten rid of diphtheria." So it's a very satisfying kind of activity in which you can make an impact, which in this country is so hard to see what you do. So that's been a very interesting thing. The travel got to be too much. Year before last I was 130 days out of the country, and at my age I decided to give it up. September 1st, just this month I've given that up.

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The second, small activity, I've been quite active in the New York Academy of Medicine, as a member of the New York Academy. Actually was vice president one year. So when I retired they were just changing the whole mission to one of urban health, hired a new president, and they asked me to take over the editorship of their bulletin, which is 150 years old. It's one of the oldest medical journals in the United States. And it was renamed the Journal of Urban Health: The Bulletin of New York Academy of Medicine. And I think we've begun to turn that around, to get articles on urban health and issues of urban health congruent with that mission. So my retirement has been far busier than I had ever anticipated. I haven't done much with the biography of Dr. Janeway. I hope this year to get back to that. DR. KENDIG: A few trips to Boston. Use your frequent flyer miles. DR. HAGGERTY: The other thing I might comment is that I've been just extraordinarily benefited by recognition of the work that I've done. I don't consider myself a self-promoter, particularly, but I've been the recipient of a lot of very nice awards, which I think have recognized the work. I've had several Academy awards, the Grulee Award, the Dale Richmond Award, the [C. Anderson] Aldrich Award, the Job [Lewis] Smith Award, the [Abraham] Jacobi Award. And then the Pew Primary Care Achievement Award, the [Gustav] Leinard Award from the IOM [Institute of Medicine], the [George] Armstrong Award from the Ambulatory Pediatric Association, and just this past year the [John] Howland Award. DR. KENDIG: All very richly deserved. DR. HAGGERTY: Well, thank you. I think that, as I've tried to say receiving all these, that they in fact award and pay tribute to the team that we put together, largely at Rochester. I think that the community approach here has been the kind of central theme. And if I had to summarize, as I did in the Howland Award, in retrospect there are three themes in this approach. I go back to my initial comment today that this wasn't planned. One is integrated services, to try to cross disciplinary boundaries, to try to move people beyond the narrow disciplines, either within pediatrics or with more and more the behavioral sciences. Secondly, to move from individual care to family to community, recognizing the context in which kids live; the fact that to practice good pediatrics and to improve child health, you have to work at these three levels: individual, family and community. And the last one, of course, partly as a result of my international role, is that health is a global issue and that we can't live in this country economically or health wise without taking into account the rest of the world. But, as I say, those are what I look at in retrospect as my life. I had planned to be a family doctor or an internist. I wouldn't have at that point articulated any of those three. So I guess if there's one message to leave with

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young people it is that life unfolds in ways you never can really predict. Taking advantage of the opportunities, doing your best, being cooperative and helpful to other people, are all good things that will, in the long run, open doors for you in ways that you never can appreciate, or never can see ahead of time, I think. DR. KENDIG: Well, Dr. Haggerty, on behalf of the Historical Archives Advisory Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics, I'd like to thank you for sharing your life's journey with us. I know your work is not yet finished, and I know you have many projects that you continue to work on. In a couple years we'll come back and do a third tape. DR. HAGGERTY: Well, it is always pleasant to talk about oneself. DR. KENDIG: Well, thank you very much. END OF TAPE

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Index

A Alpert, Joel J., 10 Ambulatory Pediatric Association, 12, 31 Ambulatory Pediatrics, 12 American Academy of Pediatrics, 25, 26, 27, 28,

29, 31 American Association of Poison Control Centers,

10 American Board of Pediatrics, 11, 26 Americorps, 25 Annie E. Casey Foundation, 25 Anthony L. Jordan Health Center, 17 aspirin, 29 Association of American Medical Colleges, 13 Auld, Peter A. M., 14 Avery, Mary Ellen, 14, 21, 23

B Baby Doe, 28 Barr, David, 18 Baumberger, Lisbeth, 16 Berg, Robert, 13 Bok, Derek, 22 Boston, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 11, 13, 17, 21, 31 Boston Children's Hospital, 1, 6 Boston Poison Information Center, 9 Bradford, William L., 14 Brazelton, T. Berry, 23 Brown, Marilyn R., 15

C Carmichael, Lynn P., 13 Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral

Sciences at Stanford University, 21 Chamberlain, Robert, 17 Charney, Evan, 13, 16, 17, 20, 28 Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, 28 child psychiatry, 1, 13, 20, 24 Children and Youth Project, 16 Clinton, Hillary, 24 Clinton, William Jefferson, 25 Commission on Youth and America's Future, 24 Commonwealth Fund, 1, 2, 9, 10, 25 community pediatrics, 1, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17,

19, 20, 22, 26, 31 community-based surveys, 16 continuity programs, 6 Crigler, John F., Jr., 5

D Diamond, Louis K., 2 diphtheria, 30

Dodd, Katherine, 12 Dogramaci, Ihsan, 29

E Ender, John F., 6 England, 8, 9

F Faculty Scholars Program, 24 Family Health Care program, 1, 3, 5, 13, 17 Fenninger, Leonard, 13 Finland, Maxwell, 11 Folsom, Marion, 15 Forbes, Gilbert, 13 Foundation for Child Development, 25 Friedman, Stanford, 14, 19, 20, 23

G Garland, Joseph, 11, 12 General Pediatric Academic Development

Program, 23 Genesee Memorial Hospital, 15, 16 Glasgow, Lowell, 14, 20 Great Society program, 16, 17 Green, Morris, 12 Grulee Award, 26, 31 Guyer, Bernard, 19

H Hanshaw, James B., 14, 20 Harper, Paul, 3 Harvard School of Public Health, 2, 9, 21, 22, 23 Heagarty, Margaret C., 10 Health Services Research Study Section, 10 Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, 21 Hiatt, Howard, 21, 22 Highland Hospital, 15 Hoekelman, Robert A., 1, 27 Hoffman, Julien I. E., 2 Holtzman, Neil Anthony, 23 home care, 1, 3, 5, 8 Howland Award, 31

I International Pediatric Association, 29 internship, 18

J Janeway, Charles, 1, 4, 7, 11, 29, 30, 31

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Jeffreys, Margot, 9 John and Mary R. Markle fellow, 24 Johns Hopkins Hospital, 3, 23 Johns Hopkins University, 19, 20 Journal of Urban Health, 31

K Katz, Samuel, 5, 30 Koop, C. Everett, 28 Korsch, Barbara M., 3, 12, 27 Kosa, John, 9

L Lenihan, Miss E., 3, 7 Lewis, Michael, 18 Lillibridge, Clinton B., 15 London School of Hygiene and Tropical

Medicine, 9 Lucey, Jerold F., 12, 25, 26

M Massachusetts General Hospital, 7, 11, 15 Maternal and Child Health Bureau, 10, 21 McKay Jr., R. James, 26, 29 Miller, Jerry, 15 Mission Hill [Boston], 5 Monroe County Medical Society, 16

N Nadas, Alexander, 1, 4 Nader, Philip R., 17, 20 National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, 2 Nelson, Nicholas M., 14 New England Home for Little Wanderers, 8 New England Journal of Medicine, 11 New York Academy of Medicine, 31 New York Hospital, 3

O Office of Economic Opportunity, 16 Olmstead, Richard, 12

P Pakistan, 30 Parsons, Talcott, 9 Pediatric Research in Office Settings, 28 Pediatrics, 9, 12, 27 Pediatrics in Review, 12, 26, 27, 29 percentile growth charts, 4 Pew Primary Care Achievement Award, 28, 31 Pizzo, Philip, 19 polio, 2

Prugh, Dane, 1, 3, 13

R Rappaport, Bob, 9 Reader, George G., 3 recertification, 26 Reye's syndrome, 29 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 22, 23, 25 Robertson, Leon, 9 Rochester General Hospital, 7, 15, 16 Rochester, New York, 11, 12, 13, 18, 19, 28, 31 Rogers, David, 25 Roghmann, Klaus, 15, 17 Rosen, Fred, 12 Rudolph, Abraham, 2

S Sahler, O. J., 19 Schachter, Daniel, 18 Schorr, Lisbeth. See Baumberger, Lisbeth Schwachman, Harry, 4 Schwartz, Robert H., 13, 14 Segal, Harry L., 15 Silver, George, 16 Smith, Clement, 25 Snedeker, Lendon, 9 Society for Pediatric Research, 9 Soviet Republics, 30 St. Mary's Hospital, 15 Stitt, Pauline, 5 Stokes III, Joseph, 11, 15 Stokes, Joseph Jr., 15 Strong Memorial Hospital, 13, 15, 18 Stuart, Harold, 2, 4

T Thorn, George, 7, 11 Tufts University, 3

U U.S. Public Health Service, 10, 14 University of Rochester, 10, 19, 20, 23

V Valadian, Dr., 5

W W. K. Kellogg Foundation, 22 Weller, Thomas H., 6, 21 White, Kerr L., 10 William T. Grant Foundation, 23, 25, 29 Wilson, Bob, 9 Woodward, Kenneth, 17

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35

Z Ziai, Mohsen, 2

C U R R I C U L U M V I T A E Robert Johns Haggerty, MD

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Revised: January, 2002

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i

TABLE OF CONTENTS EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND EXPERIENCE

Education ..........................................................................................................2 License Certification.........................................................................................2 Positions Held............................................................................................... 2-3

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS AND ACTIVITIES

Pediatric Societies......................................................................................... 3-4 Other Professional Organizations.....................................................................4 United States Government Advisory Groups ...................................................5 Editorial Boards ................................................................................................5 Other Professional Activities........................................................................ 5-7 Honors and Awards ...................................................................................... 7-8 Name Lectures and Major Visiting Professorships .................................... 8-11

ORIGINAL ARTICLES.................................................................................. 12-20 BOOKS, BOOK CHAPTERS, AND INTRODUCTIONS........................... 21-26 ABSTRACTS, EDITORIALS, AND BOOK REVIEWS ............................. 27-35

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C U R R I C U L U M V I T A E Robert Johns Haggerty, MD BUSINESS ADDRESS: HOME ADDRESS: Department of Pediatrics (Room 4-8104) 4485 Davidson Landing Drive University of Rochester Canandaigua, NY 14424 School of Medicine and Dentistry 601 Elmwood Avenue Tel. (716) 394-8978 Rochester, NY 14642-8777 Fax (716) 394-8832 Tel. (716) 275-1855; (716) 275-0225 Fax (716) 273-1038 E-mail: robert_haggerty@urmc.rochester.edu BIRTHDATE: BIRTHPLACE: October 20, 1925 Saranac Lake, New York CITIZENSHIP:

United States of America PRESENT POSITIONS: 1978- Editor, Pediatrics in Review 1992- Professor of Pediatrics, Emeritus; University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry

1

39

2

EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND EXPERIENCE: Education and Degrees: Cornell University (BA, 1946) Cornell University Medical College (MD, 1949) Harvard University (MA, Hon., 1975) University of Indiana (DSc, Hon., 1990) Training and Experience: 1949-1951 Mixed Medical Internship, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry 1953-1955 Jr. Assistant Resident, Sr. Assistant Resident, Chief Medical Resident, Children's Hospital

Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 1961-1962 Commonwealth Fund Fellow in Social Pediatrics, St. Mary's Hospital and London School of

Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England 1974-1975 Fellow, Center for Advanced Study of Behavioral Sciences, Palo Alto, California License Certification: 1950 National Board of Medical Examiners 1964 N.Y. State Medical Licensure #92573-1 1955 American Board of Pediatrics - Certification #5597 1980 Recertification American Board Pediatrics Positions Held: 1951-1953 Captain, United States Air Force (#A02213940), Maxwell Air Force Base 1954-1964 Harvard Medical School:

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics (1962-64) Associate (1958-62) Instructor (1956-58)

Assistant (1955-56) Teaching Fellow (1954-55)

1955-1964 Children's Hospital (Boston, MA):

Senior Associate in Medicine Medical Director, Family Health Care Program (1955-64) Medical Director, Boston Poison Information Center (1956-64) Attending Pediatrician (1955-1964)

1964-1975 University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY:

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3

Pediatrician-in-Chief, Professor and Chairman, Department of Pediatrics; (1964-75) Pediatrician-in-Chief, Strong Memorial Hospital

1975-1980 Harvard University:

Roger Irving Lee Professor of Public Health (Health Services and Pediatrics), Faculty of Public Health (and Faculty of Medicine - Harvard Medical School)

Chairman, Department of Health Services Acting Chairman, Department of Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health

(1975-78) Professor of Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health (1978-80)

Clinical Professor of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (1978-80) Member of Faculty, Harvard Graduate School of Education (1977-80) Senior Associate in Medicine, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston

(1975-80) 1978-1988 The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation:

Senior Program Consultant & Director, General Pediatrics Academic Development Program

1980-1992 William T. Grant Foundation:

President 1980-1992 Cornell University Medical College:

Clinical Professor of Pediatrics 1980-1992 New York Hospital:

Attending Pediatrician PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS AND ACTIVITIES: Pediatric Societies: l956- American Academy of Pediatrics, Fellow

Vice-President - President Elect (1983-84) President (1984-85) Chairman, Council on Pediatric Research (1986-88)

Member of Board, Center for Child Health Research (1999- ) Member, Major Individual Gift Task Force (2000- )

1958- Ambulatory Pediatric Association President (1964)

Chair, Search Committee for Editor of Journal of Ambulatory Pediatric Association, 1998. l967-l970 Pediatric Residency Review Committee (member) 1958-1994 Society for Research in Child Development 196l- Society for Pediatric Research (Vice-President, 1970) 1964- American Pediatric Society 1964-1975 Association of Medical School Pediatric Department Chairmen

Secretary (1966-68)

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President-Elect (1968-69) President (1969-70)

1985-1996 British Paediatric Association - Honorary Member 1996- Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health - Founder Fellow 1983-1998 International Pediatric Association Standing Committee (1983-89)

Executive Director (1993-98) 1992- Paraguayan Society of Pediatrics Honorary Member Other Professional Organizations: 1956-1964 Massachusetts Medical Society 1962- American Public Health Association-Medical Care Section 1962-1964 American Association of Poison Control Centers

President 1964- American Association for the Advancement of Science, Member

Fellow (1990-) 1964- Medical Society of the State of New York 1972- Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences:

Advisory Committee on Quality Assurance, Chairman (1973-77) Chair, Committee on Mechanisms for Advancing the Quality of Health Care (1974)

Member of Council (1974-77) Chair, Steering Committee, Assessing Quality in Health Care: an Evaluation (1976) Chair, Committee, Reliability of Hospital Discharge Abstracts (1976) Committee on Health Services Research (1979) Advisory Panel - Infants at Risk for Development Dysfunction (1980) Chair, Conference on Combining Psychosocial and Drug Therapy, Hypertension,

Depression, and Diabetes (1981) Health and Behavior - A Research Agenda, Institute of Medicine Steering Committee

(1982) Member of Committee on the Future of Public Health (1986-1988) Chair, Committee on Prevention of Mental Illness (1991-1993 Lienhard Award Selection Committee (1995-1999) Committee on Building Bridges in the Brain, Behavioral and Clinical Sciences (1999-2001

) 1981- New York Academy of Medicine:

Vice President (1988-89) Trustee (1990-92) Secretary of the Board of Trustees (1990-92)

Chair, New York State Forum on Child Health Care of the New York Academy of Medicine (1997-2001)

1989-1994 American Medical Association Member United States Government Advisory Groups:

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5

l964-l970 Health Services Research Study Section, USPHS, Chairman 1969-70 and 1982-84 l965 White House Conference on Health (member) l966 Study of Health Services Research in Scandinavia, Chairman l969 White House Conference on Food, Nutrition and Health, Co-Chairman,

Panel 2, Infants and Children l97l-l975 National Advisory Health Services Council 1975-78 National Research Council, Commission on Human Resources, Chairman of Health

Services Committee for a Study of National Needs for Biomedical and Behavior 1972 The Panel on Health Services Research and Development of the President's Science Advisory

Committee l973-l976 National Professional Standards Review Council l985-1987 Board of Consultants to the Commander, Department of the Navy, Naval Medical Command l986-l987 Office of Technology Assessment Committee on Child Health - Member Editorial Boards: l959-l964 New England Journal of Medicine, Associate Editor l969-l975 Medical Care l967-l980 Pediatrics, Editorial Board, Executive Committee (1972-1978), Co-Editor (1972-1980) l974-l980 Journal of Human Stress, Editorial Board; Co-Editor (1976-88) 1982-1988 Health Policy Quarterly, Executive Editor 1985-86 Vaccine Bulletin, Editorial Board l978- Pediatrics-in-Review, Editor-in-Chief 1990-1998 International Child Health: A Digest of Current Information

Editorial Advisory Board 1992-1999 Journal of Urban Health: the Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine

Editor-in-Chief 1992- Acta Paediatria Japonica, Editorial Board Other Professional Activities: 1960-l970 Pediatric Panel, United States Pharmacopeia 1960-1964 James Jackson Putnam Center of Boston, Board of Trustees 1968-l971 National Board of Medical Examiners, Pediatric Test Committee 1968-l970 National Commission for the Study of Nursing and Nursing Education (Health Advisory

Panel) 1969-l975 New York State Health Planning Council 1972-l977 Carnegie Council on Children 1972-1977 Committee on National Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Science Research, Panel on

Health Services Research Chair, National Research Council

1974-l979 Clinical Scholar's Program, The Robert Wood Johnson, Foundation Advisory Committee

1974-l980 Riley Children's Hospital, Research Advisory Committee, Indianapolis, IN 1976-l980 Board of Visitors, Boston University School of Nursing 1977-l98l Advisory Committee, Johns Hopkins Health Services Research Center

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6

1978-l980 The William T. Grant Foundation, Advisory Committee on Behavioral Pediatrics 1978-l979 Member of the Commission on the Future of Academic Psychiatry, Macy Foundation 1981-1985 Metropolitan Life Foundation Advisory Committee 1981-1987 UNICEF, United States Committee Member 1985 Ronald McDonald Annual Award Committee 1982-1988 Visiting Committee, Graduate School of Education, Harvard University 1982-1988 Member, Advisory Committee of the Pediatric Protocol Project, Fund for the City of

New York 1982-1989 Grant Makers in Health

Board of Directors (1985-89) 1984-1988 Praxis Biologicals, Inc., Board of Directors 1985-1988 Member of the Corporation of U.S. Committee of UNICEF 1986-1995 MacArthur Foundation, Member Committee on Successful Adolescence 1987-1989 Disney/Metlife Advisory Board Member - Wonders of Life 1987-1989 Chairman, Mayor's Commission on Maternal and Child Health New York City 1988-1993 Member of the Steering Committee for the National Forum on the Future of Children and

Their Families, National Academy of Sciences 1988-1992 American Health Foundation, Board of Directors 1988-1994 Visiting Committee, School of Public Health, University of Oklahoma 1989-1994 Tufts University, Board of Overseers for the Social Sciences 1989-1994 Children's Health Fund, Advisory Board 1989-1992 Member of the New York State Council on Graduate Medical Education,

Member of Executive Committee, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Evaluation of 405 Regulations

1990-1992 Member, Mayoral Child Health Action & Management Council, New York 1990-1991 Chair, Subcommittee on Adolescents & Aids, Governor's Commission

on AIDS, New York 1990-1994 Board of Overseers, Tufts University School of Social Sciences 1991 Chair, ad hoc Committee on Mandatory Screening of Newborns for HIV- New York State

AIDS Advisory Council 1991-1992 Member, Advisory Board of Community Medicine, Mt. Sinai Medical Center 199l-1992 Member, Permanent Judicial Commission on Justice for Children 1991-1993 Member of the Advisory Committee of the National Academy of Social Insurance 1991-1993 Member, Senator Jay Rockefeller's Board of the Alliance for Health Care for All 1991-1994 Member, Advisory Board of the Center for Children with Chronic Illness and

Disability, University of Minnesota 1991-1994 Board of Visitors, University of Oklahoma School of Public Health 1992-1996 Member, Advisory Board, Mt. Hope Family Center, Rochester, NY 1992-1996 Chair, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation National Advisory Committee Child Health

Initiative 1991-1999 Visiting Committee to Department of Maternal and Child Health, Johns Hopkins School of

School of Public Health 1994-1997 Advisory Committee to the Report on Financing Ambulatory Care Training of Primary Care

Physicians: Sites, Costs and Options for the Future (funded by Pew Charitable Trusts) 1995- International Medical Faculty Committee, University of Rochester School of Medicine 1995- Member, Board of Trustees (and Vice President), Institute for Research and Reform of

Education 1995 World Health Organization Consultant to Integrated Child Health Services Program

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7

1995-1998 Advisory Committee, Columbia University School of Nursing 1996- Commonwealth Fund

Advisory Committee to Healthy Steps Program Program Review Committee

1997 University of Michigan, Member of Committee to Review Center for Child Development 1997 Member, Program Review Committee, The Commonwealth Fund 1998- March of Dimes - Child Health Advisory Committee 1998 Consultant to San Diego Children=s Hospital (to develop a research strategic plan) 1998 Consultant, Mott Child Health Center, Flint, Michigan 1999- Advisory Board of Pediatrics International, Japan Pediatric Society 2000 Member, Invitational Colloquium on Interdisciplinary International Primary Care Health and

Education of the American Academy of Pediatrics, Washington, DC, April 7-9. 2000- Senior Project Advisor, University of Rochester Ladakh Project 2000- Member, National Advisory Committee to Rochester Clinical Research Curriculum Project

(Department of Preventive Medicine Training Grant Program, University of Rochester) 2001- Professional Advisory Committee, Johnson & Johnson Pediatric Institute 2001 Consultant to Kimball House Board of Directors and Riverdale School District for a School

Health Program, sponsored by American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Community Pediatrics

2002- Board of Directors, Children=s Futures of Trenton, New Jersey (funded by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation)

2002- Research Advisory Panel, The Wynne Center of the University of Rochester Honors and Awards: 1945 Phi Beta Kappa 1948 Alpha Omega Alpha 1962-1967 Markle Scholar in Academic Medicine 1969 The George Armstrong Award, Ambulatory Pediatric Association 1976 Martha May Eliot Award for Services in Maternal and Child Health, American

Public Health Association 1980- Who's Who in America 1981 Clifford C. Grulee Award, American Academy of Pediatrics 1981 Dale Richmond Award, Section on Child Development, American Academy

of Pediatrics 1983 Annual Recognition Award, American Association of Poison Control Centers 1986 C. Anderson Aldrich Award in Child Development, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1987 Job Lewis Smith Award for Community Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics

Alumni of the Year, Cornell University Medical College, Award of Distinction 1989 Joseph St. Geme Award for the Future of Pediatrics, Federation of Pediatric Societies 1989 Gustave Lienhard Award for Contribution to Personal Health Sciences, Institute

of Medicine 1994 Primary Care Achievement Award for Education of the Pew Charitable Trust's Center for

Health Professions Commission 1982 Who's Who in the East Who's Who in Science Who's Who in Health Care 1995 Academy Plaque Award, New York Academy of Medicine (June 20, 1995)

45

8

1996 Abraham Jacobi Award, American Academy of Pediatrics 1998 John Howland Award, American Pediatric Society 2001 E.H. Christopherson Award in International Child Health, American Academy of Pediatrics Name Lectures and Major Visiting Professorships: 1967 Copeland Memorial Lecture, Washington Children's Hospital, ΑCommunity Pediatrics≅ 1968 Silverman Lecture, Syracuse University, ΑCommunity Pediatrics≅ 1969 Family Health Care Program Annual Lecturer, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,

"Family Medicine Science or Service" 1970 Mitchell Rubin Visiting Professor, University of Buffalo,

Louis W. Sauer Lecture, Evanston, IL Northwest Pediatric Society Meeting, Hudson, WI, Fall Meeting, Max Scharn Lectureship,

"Community Pediatrics" The First Harry Medovy Lecturer, Winnipeg, Canada, "Social Pediatrics"

Visiting Professor, Postgraduate Ambulatory Pediatrics, Barcelona, Spain 1971 Visiting Professor, Medellin, Columbia, for Pan American Health Organization Course in

Social Pediatrics 1972 AOA Lecture, "The Boundaries of Health Care", University of Maryland 1974 Hartman Lecturer, Washington, St. Louis, "Family and Community Pediatrics" 1975 Dedication of College of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, "Primary Care"

Fulton Visiting Professor and Lecturer, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Tenth Annual Harold Faber Lecture, ΑCommunity and Family Medicine in the USA≅

1977 AOA Visiting Professor, Loyola Medical College 1978 Upsala University, 500th Anniversary Lecturer, "Evaluation of Health Services", "Teaching

Children Health Lifestyles" 1979 George Frederick Still Lecture, British Pediatric Association, York, England, "Common

Happenings, Stress and Illness and Use of Health Services" Mackid Lecture, University of Calgary, Alberta, "Stress and Illness, Use of Health Services

and Social Supports" Keynote Address, Montefiore Hospital, Department of Social Medicine Conference on

Screening, "A Critical Look at Routine Health Assessment." 1980 Henry P. Goldberg Lecturer, The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, "Stress and

Illness" The First Harle V. Barrett Memorial Lecture, University of Maryland, School of Medicine,

"Stress and Coping"

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9

1981 AOA Lecture, Indiana University, "Is There A Future for the Generalist in Academe?" Keynote Address, Surgeon General's Workshop on Maternal and Infant Health, Brandeis

University, "Challenges to Maternal and Child Health Research" Invited Lecturer, Royal Academy of Medicine, Brussels, Belgium, "Social Stress and Child

Health" Invited Lecturer, Cornell Medical College, ΑBehavioral Pediarics≅

1982 Visiting Lecturer, Colston Symposium, University of Bristol, England, "Epidemiology of

Disability and Stress: An Overview" Invited Lecturer, Northern California Pediatric Society Visiting Professor, Ohio Medical College, Youngstown

1983 Visiting Professor, University of Utah School of Medicine

Visiting Professor, University of Maryland, Baltimore Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto

1985 John Howland Visiting Professor, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and The Johns

Hopkins Hospital, "A Time of Passion: What Have We Learned About Child Health Services From the l960's".

Gallagher Lecturer, "Research in Adolescent Medicine", The Society for Adolescent Medicine

Clausen Visiting Professor and Lecturer, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics

Visiting Professor and Eli Friedman Lecturer, Boston City Hospital and Boston University School of Medicine

University of Massachusetts Medical School, l0th Anniversary Day Lecturer Invited Lecturer 42nd Annual Brenneman Memorial Lectures, Los Angeles, Pediatric Society

1986 International Congress on Self-Help Groups Buenos Aires, Argentina, "Self-Help Groups in

the Care of Children" Society for Behavioral Pediatrics Lectureship Recipient, "Behavioral Pediatrics: A Time for

Research" The Edmund R. McClusky Memorial Lecture, The Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh,

Pennsylvania Invited Lecturer, Japan Pediatric Society - "The General Pediatrics Academic Development

Program" 1987 The John E. Brown Memorial Lectureship, Columbus Children's Hospital

The Blackfan Lecture, Children's Hospital of Boston, "The Academic Generalist: Is There a Role"? 1988 The First John C. MacQueen Lecture, The Association of Maternal and Child Health

Programs Annual Meeting, "Adolescence - The New MCH Frontier" Sixth Jose Albert Lecturer, University of the Philippines, School of Medicine, Dept. of

Pediatrics, "Problem Behaviors in Adolescents" Invited Lecturer, The Sparks Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, "Handicapped

Children: A Social Definition" Darrow Memorial Lecture. University of Kansas Medical Center.

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10

1989 Gallagher Lecturer, Society for Adolescent Medicine "Youth and America's

Future" Helmut Schuman Lecturer, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, "Youth and America's

Future" Sydney Rosen Commemorative Lecture, "Behavioral Pediatrics: Can it be Taught? Can it be

Practiced?" Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada Robert Crede Visiting Professor, San Francisco General Hospital, "Integrated Health Services" Spanish Pediatric Association, Ambulatory Pediatric Section, Santander, Spain, "From Ambulatory

Pediatrics to Comprehensive Pediatrics" 1992 Russell Blattner Lecturer, Baylor College of Medicine 1993 The Sidney Gellis Lecture Tufts University - The Boston Floating Hospital, Boston, MA -

General Pediatrics Academic Development Program Keynote address - National Mental Health Association and National Prevention Coalition,

"Prevention of Mental Illness" May 19, 1994. Alexandria, VA. Keynote address - Annual Meeting, Wisconsin Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics

"The Role of the Pediatrician in the Community." 1994 Anthony Jordan Health Center, Rochester, NY - 26th Annual Meeting. Keynote address "The

Jordan Health Center: Born in Conflict -- Reared with Love and Dedication." The First Dr. Jimmy Simon Lecture - Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem,

"Integrated Child Health Services" 1995 Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Holland, Address given at Farewell Symposium for Prof.

Henk Visser, "International Child Health: Every Pediatrician=s Responsibility" The Fred S. Brooksaler Lecture, "Pediatrics in the 21st Century," October 25, 1995,

Dallas, Texas Keynote address, ΑPrevention of Mental Disorders,≅ American Hosp. Assoc. Section on Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Services.

1996 Keynote address Annual Meeting of the National Association of Children=s Hospitals

and Related Institutions, Scotsdale, Arizona, ΑGraduate Medical Education: How We Got Where We Are≅

Lowell A. Glasgow Memorial Lecture, Salt Lake City, Utah, ΑIntegrated Child Health Services≅

Albert Schweitzer Institute Meeting in Nishny Novgorod, Russia, Conference on Reproductive Health

Keefe-Bellizzi Lecture, Hartford, Connecticut, Α Pediatrics in the 21st Century≅ Second Philippine Ambulatory Pediatric Society Lecture Japan Pediatric Society 100th Anniversary, Opening Ceremony

1997 Children=s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, 100th Anniversary Celebration

ΑOpportunities in International Child Health≅ Boston University, 1st Joel J. and Barbara Alpert Visiting Professor, ΑIntegrated Child Health

Services≅

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11

The 36th Annual Grover F. Powers Lecture, New Haven, Connecticut, April 30, 1997, ΑOpportunities in International Child Health≅

Chameides Retirement Program, Hartford, Connecticut, ΑOpportunities in International Child Health≅

Chinese Pediatric Society Meeting, Guangzhou, March 28, ΑThe New Morbidities,≅ and ΑInternational Child Health: Opportunities for Pediatricians.≅

1998 First Argentinean Congress of General Ambulatory Paediatrics by Argentina Paediatric

Society. ΑPediatrics in the 21st Century≅ and ΑOpportunities in International Child Health,≅Buenos Aires, Argentina, November 13-18, 1998.

Dedication Address, The Robert Wood Johnson Children=s Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ

Fairfax Hospital, VA, Grand Rounds - ΑOpportunities in International Child Health.≅

The McLemore Birdsong Lecture on ΑThe Future of Pediatrics,≅ University of Virginia

Pediatric Conference.

Keynote Address, Medical Foundation of Boston Annual Meeting, ΑOppotunities for Support of Child Health Services Research,≅ December, 1998

1999 Seattle Children=s Hospital, Warmington Lecture on ΑThe Future of Pediatrics,≅ Seattle,

WA, March 18, 1999.

University of Tennessee, AOA Lecture on ΑPediatrics in the 21st Century, ≅ Memphis, Tn, Memphis, TN 1999.

2000 Clare Dennison Symposium on the Child, 75th Anniversary Celebration of the University

of Rochester School of Medicine. ΑPolicy for Children and Families.≅

ΑA Healthy Start: Life Skill Education, Health-promoting School, Healthy Family≅ at meeting on Medicine Meets the Millennium at the World Congress on Medicine and Health, Hannover, Germany, July 29, 2000.

ORIGINAL ARTICLES:

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1. Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: Naphthalene poisoning. N Engl J Med 1956;255:919. 2. Haggerty RJ, Eley RC: Varicella and cortisone. Pediatrics l956;l8:l60. 3. Haggerty RJ, Maroney MW, Nadas AS: Essential hypertension in infancy and childhood. Am

J Dis Child l956;92:535. 4. Rosen FS, Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: fatal poisoning from topical use of boric acid

powder. N Engl J Med l956;255:530. 5. Brewer E, Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: rat poisons I--warfarin. N Engl J Med l957;257:145. 6. Harris GBC, Haggerty, RJ: Toxic hazards: bronze-powder inhalation. N Engl J Med

l957:256:40. 7. Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: the Boston Poison Information Center. N Engl J Med

l957;257:l050. 8. Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: fatal chlorpromazine poisoning. N Engl J Med l957;256: 527. 9. McKee M, Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: aminophylline poisoning. N Engl J Med

l957;256:956. 10. Brewer E, Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: rat poisons II-phosphorus. N Engl J Med

l958;258:l47. 11. Brewer E, Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: rat poisons III--thallium, strychnine and ANTU. N

Engl J Med l958;259:l038. 12. Finley AH, Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: insecticides I--chlorinated hydrocarbons. N Engl J

Med l958;258:8l2. 13. Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: Christmas holiday poison hazards. N Engl J Med

l958;259:l277. 14. Haggerty RJ: Levarterenol for shock. Am J Nurs l958;58:l243. 15. Hendren WH, Haggerty RJ: Staphylococcic pneumonia in infancy and childhood. JAMA

l958;l58:6. 16. Ziai M, Haggerty RJ: Neonatal meningitis. N Engl J Med l958;259:314. 17. Haggerty RJ: Current concepts in therapy--antimicrobial agents in common respiratory

infections of children (l). N Engl J Med l959;260:80. 18. Haggerty RJ: Current concepts in therapy--antimicrobial agents in common respiratory

infections of children (2). N Engl J Med l959;260:332. 19. Haggerty RJ: Deaths from permanent antifreeze ingestion. N Engl J Med l959;26l:l296.

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20. Haggerty RJ: Toxic hazards: furniture polish. N Engl J Med l959;260:835. 21. Haggerty RJ: Home accidents in childhood. N Engl J Med l959;260:l322. 22. Cook CD, Haggerty RJ: Mycetismus (Amanita Phalloides). N Engl J Med l960;262:832. 23. Haggerty RJ: Fatal ferrous sulfate poisoning. N Engl J Med l960;263:564. 24. Haggerty RJ: Methyl alcohol poisoning. N Engl J Med l960;262:367. 25. Haggerty RJ, Janeway CA: Evaluation of a pediatric house officer program. Pediatrics

l960;26:858. 26. Haggerty RJ, Meyer RJ, Lenihan E, Katz SL: Studies on an attenuated measles-virus

vaccine: clinical, antigenic, and prophylactic effects of vaccine in home-dwelling children. VII. N Engl J Med l960;263:l78.

27. Katz SL, Kempe CH, Glack FL, Lepow ML, Krugman S, Haggerty RJ, Enders JF: Studies on

an attenuated measles-virus vaccine: general summary and evaluation of the results of vaccination. VII. N Engl J Med l960;263:l78.

28. Haggerty RJ, Ziai M: Acute bacterial meningitis in children--a controlled study of

antimicrobial therapy, with particular reference to combinations of antibiotics. Pediatrics l960;25:742.

29. Haggerty RJ: Bacterial infections in the newborn. Pediatr Clin North Amer l96l;8:48l. 30. Meyer RJ, Haggerty RJ: The immunization and tuberculin-testing status of certain selected

families. N Engl J Med l96l;264:344. 31. Bergman AB, Haggerty RJ: The emergency clinic--a study of its role in a teaching hospital.

AMA AJDC l962;l04:36. 32. Haggerty RJ: Family medicine: A teaching program for medical students and pediatric

house officers. J Med Educ l962;37:53l. 33. Haggerty RJ: Hazards to health--blue baby due to methemoglobinemia. N Engl J Med

l962;267:l303. 34. Meyer RJ, Haggerty, RJ: Streptococcal infections in families--factors altering individual

susceptibility. Pediatrics l962;29:539. 35. Haggerty RJ: Etiology of decline in general practice. JAMA l963;l85:l79. 36. Haggerty RJ, Alpert JJ: The child, his family and illness. Postgrad Med l963;34:228. 37. Robb GL, Elwood HS, Haggerty RJ: Evaluation of a poison center. Am J Public Health

l963;53:l75l.

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38. Taub JS, Haggerty RJ: Current concepts in therapy--active immunizations. N Engl J Med l963;269:4l4.

39. Haggerty RJ: General practice: extinction or rebirth? Harvard Medical Alumni Bulletin, Fall,

l963 (Reprinted in Harvard Today, Spring, l964). 40. Haggerty RJ: A clinical pathological conference. the Children's Hospital Medical Center,

Boston, Massachusetts. J Pediatr l964;65:l4l. 41. Haggerty RJ: Host and environmental factors in infections. Louisiana State Medical Society

l964;116:309. 42. Haggerty RJ, Ziai M: Acute bacterial meningitis. Adv Pediatr l964;13:129. 43. Willoughby JA, Haggerty RJ: A simple behavior questionnaire for preschool children.

Pediatrics l964;34:798. 44. Haggerty RJ, Carmichael LP: The decline of general practice and a possible solution. Clin

Med l965;72:1303. 45. Haggerty RJ: The family and childhood disease. Health News l965;42:4. 46. Haggerty RJ: Family diagnosis: research methods and their reliability for studies of the

medical-social unit, the family. Am J Public Health l965;55:1521. 47. Haggerty RJ: Family epidemiology--report of a symposium. Pediatrics l965;35:856. 48. Kosa J, Alpert JJ, Pickering M, Haggerty RJ: Crisis and stress in family life: a

re-examination of concepts. Wisconsin Sociologist l965;4:11. 49. Haggerty RJ, Clark DW, Hofstra R, Klarman H, Thorner RM: Health services research in

Scandinavia. Milbank Mem Fund Q 1966; 44(4):227. 50. Roddey OF, Earle R, Jr. Haggerty RJ: Myringotomy in acute otitis media: a controlled study.

JAMA l966;l97:849. 51. Alpert JJ, Kosa J, Haggerty RJ: Medical help and maternal nursing care in the life of

low-income families. Pediatrics l967;39:749. 52. Alpert JJ, Kosa J, Haggerty RJ: A month of illness and health care among low-income

families. Public Health Rep l967;82:705. 53. Haggerty RJ: Pediatric training and the manpower problem. Children l967;14:90. 54. Haggerty RJ: Community pediatrics. clinical proceedings of the children's hospital of the

District of Columbia. l967;23:28l. (from the Copeland Memorial Lecture presented at the eighth annual medical staff dinner, the Children's Hospital, March l3, l967).

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55. Kosa J, Alpert JJ, Haggerty RJ: On the reliability of family health information: a comparative study of mothers' reports on illness and related behavior. Soc Sci Med l967;l:165.

56. Haggerty RJ: Evaluation of health services: two case studies in assessing the effectiveness of child health services. Report of the 56th Ross conference on pediatric research. Published by Ross Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio, l967.

57. Haggerty RJ: Community pediatrics. N Engl J Med l968;278:l5. 58. Hessel SJ, Haggerty RJ: General pediatrics: a study of practice in the mid-l960's. J Pediatr

l968;73:27l. 59. Haggerty RJ: Diagnosis and treatment: tonsils and adenoids - a problem revisited.

Pediatrics l968;4l:8l5. 60. Haggerty RJ: Problems of teaching comprehensive community care. AJDC l968;116:509.

(Presented at the American Pediatric Society on May 2, l968, Atlantic City, New Jersey). 61. Alpert JJ, Heagarty MC, Robertson L, Kosa J, Haggerty RJ: Effective use of comprehensive

pediatric care. AJDC l968;116:529. 62. Haggerty RJ, Roghmann K: Rochester child health survey. Fifth International Scientific

Meeting of the International Epidemiological Association, Primosten, Yugoslavia, August l968. Proceedings p. 55.

63. Haggerty RJ: The role of the university in education for family practice. New Physician

l969;l8:45. 64. Riley GJ, Wille CR, Haggerty RJ: A study of family medicine in upstate New York. JAMA

l969;208:2307. 65. Haggerty RJ: The university and primary medical care. (Tenth Family Health Care Lecture,

Harvard Medical School, March 5, l968). N Engl J Med l969;28l:4l6. 66. Alpert JJ, Kosa J, Haggerty RJ, Robertson L, Heagarty MC: The types of families that use

an emergency clinic. Med Care l969;7:55. 67. DeLemos RA, Haggerty RJ: Corticosteroids as an adjunct to treatment in bacterial

meningitis: a controlled clinical trial. Pediatrics l969;44:30. 68. Haggerty RJ: Science and ambulatory health services for children. AJDC l970;119:36. 69. Haggerty RJ: Childhood poisoning: an overview. Pediatr Clin North Amer l970;l7:473. 70. Roghmann KJ, Haggerty RJ: Rochester child health surveys I: objectives, organization and

methods. Med Care l970;8:47. 71. Haggerty RJ: Research issues in child health II: some medical and economic issues.

Pediatrics l970;45:702.

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72. Alpert, JJ, Kosa J, Haggerty RJ, Robertson LS, Heagarty MC: Attitudes and satisfactions of

low-income families receiving comprehensive pediatric care. Am J Public Health l970;60:499.

73. Haggerty RJ: Present strengths and weaknesses in current systems of comprehensive

health services for children and youth. (Presented at the Conference on Health Services for Children and Youth, March l8-20, l969, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.) Am J Public Health l970;60:74.

74. Roghmann KJ, Haggerty RJ: Theoretical and methodological problems of medical care

research: some consequences for secondary analysis. Soc Sci Info l970;9:125. 75. Haggerty RJ: The academic health center and health care delivery: preparing personnel to

meet the demand. (Presented at the Association of American Medical Colleges, Los Angeles, October 3l, l970.) J Med Educ l97l;46:3.

76. Roghmann KJ, Haggerty RJ, Lorenz R: Anticipated and actual effects of medicaid on the

medical care pattern of children. N Engl J Med l97l;285:l053. 77. Haggerty RJ: Screening tests in pediatrics. Pruebas de Deteccion en Pediatria. (Presented

at II Curso Internacional de Pediatria Extrahospitalaria, Hospital San Rafael, Barcelona, Spain, November 28, l970) Progresos de Pediatria y puericultura Vol XIV-Fasciculo l-l97l, p.l3.

78. Haggerty RJ: Streptococcal disease in children. La Enfermedad Estreptococica en la

infancia. (Presented at II Curso Internacional de Pediatria Extrahospitalaria, Hospital de San Rafael, Barcelona, Spain November 29, l970.) Progresos de Pediatria y puericultura Vol XIV Fasciculo l-l97l, p.29.

79. Haggerty RJ, Lewis C, Magraw RM, Oleinick A: Symposium: Does comprehensive care

make a difference? AJDC l97l;122:467. 80. Haggerty RJ, Roghmann KJ: Noncompliance and self medication: two neglected aspects of

pediatric pharmacology. Pediatr Clin North Am 1972;19:101. 81. Roghmann KJ, Haggerty RJ: Mini data archives: the Rochester child health studies master

files. Inquiry 1972;9:66. 82. Roghmann KJ, Haggerty RJ: The diary as a research instrument in the study of health and

illness behavior: experiences with a random sample of young families. Med Care l972;10:143.

83. Haggerty RJ: The boundaries of health care. Pharos of Alpha Omega Alpha 1972;35:106. 84. Haggerty RJ: Patient care and student learning in a pediatric clinic. Pediatrics 1972;50:847. 85. Roghmann KJ, Haggerty RJ: Family stress and the use of health services. Int J Epidemiol

1972;1:279.

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86. Pless IB, Roghmann K, Haggerty RJ: Chronic illness, family functioning, and psychological

adjustment: a model for the allocation of preventive mental health services. Int J Epidemiol 1972;1:271.

87. Haggerty RJ: Teaching ambulatory care in an HMO. J Med Educ 1973;48:154. 88. Haggerty RJ: Needed: physicians trained for future shock. Prism l973;1:13. 89. Roghmann KJ, Haggerty RJ: Daily stress, illness and use of health services in young

families. Pediatr Res 1973;7:520. 90. Roghmann KJ, Hecht PK, Haggerty RJ: Family coping with everyday illness: self-reports

from a household survey. J Comp Fam Stud 1973;4:49. 91. Haggerty RJ: The changing role of the pediatrician in child health care. AJDC 1974;127:545. 92. Haggerty RJ: Quality assurance: The road to PSRO and beyond. Pediatrics 1974;54:90. 93. Haggerty RJ: Graduate physician training in primary care. J Med Educ 1974;49:839. 94. Roghmann KJ, Haggerty RJ: Measuring the use of health services by household interviews:

a comparison of procedures used in three child health surveys. Int J Epidemiol 1974;3:71. 95. Haggerty RJ: The pediatrician and the child psychiatrist: basis for cooperation. R I Med J

1974;57:412,442. 96. Alpert JJ, Robertson LS, Kosa J, Heagarty MC, Haggerty RJ: Delivery of health care for

children: report of an experiment. Pediatrics 1976;57:917. 97. Haggerty RJ: Changing lifestyles to improve health. Prev Med 1977;6:276. 98. Haggerty RJ: Quality assurance in health care. (Presented at Annual Alumni Conference,

North Carolina, School of Public Health, March 24-25, l977, Keynote Address), J Elisha Mitchell Sci Soc 1977;92:125. Reprinted in Worcester Medical News 1977;42:9.

99. Haggerty RJ: The Martha May Eliot Forum, APHA l976: Family stresses, new challenges

and opportunities for maternal and child health. Pub Hlth Curr, l7, Number 4, July-August, 1977 (Published by Ross Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio.).

100. Haggerty RJ: Program evaluation as health services research. Presented at Symposium on

Evaluation Research and Measurement of Benefits of Health Services. Scand J Soc Med, Supplement 13, l978;p.13.

101. Haggerty RJ: Major issues in maternal and child health as seen by the academic world.

Issues in Title V. USPHS; 1978. 102. Dimsdale JE, Eckenrode J, Haggerty RJ, Kaplan BH, Cohen, and Dornbusch S: The role of

social supports in medical care. Soc Psychiatr 1979;14:175.

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103. Haggerty RJ: Life stress, illness and social supports. Dev Med Child Neurol 1980;22:391. 104. Haggerty RJ: Is there a field for the generalist in academe. Medecine et Hygiene,

l980;38:3525. 105. Haggerty RJ: Breaking the link between stress and illness in children. Postgrad Med

1983;74:287. 106. Haggerty RJ: Pediatrics in the l980's: The challenge of computer assisted programs. NY

Pediatrician, Winter, 1983-84. 107. Haggerty RJ: The president's message: The state of the American Academy of Pediatrics.

Pediatrics 1986;77:409. 108. Haggerty RJ: Stress and illness in children. Bull NY Acad Med 1986;62:7. 109. Haggerty RJ: The academic generalist (annual discourse lecture). J Japan Ped Soc

l986;90(l0):2122. 110. Haggerty RJ: The child in the twenty-first century: their health problems and implications for

organization of pediatric services. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1987;29:1. 111. Haggerty RJ: Children of the world. Bull Int Ped Assoc 1987;8:3. 112. Haggerty RJ: Ensuring a better future for youth and America. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1987;

8:341. 113. Haggerty RJ: Behavioral pediatrics: a time for research. Pediatrics 1988;81:179. 114. Haggerty RJ: Ethical issues in the care of pre-term infants. Bull Int Pediatr Assoc 1988; 9:3. 115. Haggerty RJ: Problem behavior in adolescence. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1989;3:1. 116. Haggerty RJ: Youth and America's future: the forgotten half. J Dev Behav Pediatr

1989;10:321-325. 117. Haggerty RJ: Nuevos Horizontes en Investigacion Pediatrica. Revista del Hospital de

Ninos de Buenos Aires, June 1989: XXI (133):103-106. 118. Haggerty RJ: New initiatives for children's services. (Presented in a panel, Where Should

We Be Headed? Entitlement, Access and Equity Issues, as part of the Annual Health Conference, The Changing Agenda for Health Care in America: Balancing Need and Commitment, held by the Committee on Medicine in Society of the New York Academy of Medicine May 9 and 10, 1989.) Bull NY Acad Med 1990;66 (l):101.

119. Haggerty RJ: The academic generalist: an endangered species revived. Pediatrics

1990;86:413.

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120. Haggerty RJ. Introduction to The World's Children Symposium. Pediatr Res 1990;27(6). 121. Haggerty RJ: Care of the poor and underserved in America. Older adolescents: a group at

special risk. Am J Dis Child 1991;145:569. 122. Haggerty RJ: De la pediatria ambulatoria a la pediatria global. Anales Espanoles de

Pediatria 1991;35, 545:173. 123. Haggerty RJ: Health policy initiatives in adolescence. Bull NY Acad Med 1991;67(6): 514. 124. Haggerty RJ: America's youth crisis: a piecemeal approach won't work. Think! A Forum for

Ideas on Child Health Policy 1991;1:12. 125. Haggerty RJ. Presentation and Discussion: Preparing physicians to care for at-risk children.

Proceedings of the Third National Conference on Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 1991;2(1):115.

126. Haggerty RJ: Continuum of care system development. Clin Pediatr 1993;2:592-596. Part

of Symposium "For the Future of Florida's Children,≅ ΑBuilding a Responsible System of Care" held May 15, 1992, Gainesville, Florida to showcase the new Gerald L. Schiebler Children's Medical Services Center.

127. Haggerty RJ, Lovejoy FH: The Janeways in Iran. Harvard Medical Alumni Bulletin

1992/93,66: 48:67. 128. Sherrod, LR, Haggerty, RJ, Featherman, DL. Late Adolescence and the transition to

adulthood. J Res Adolesc 1993:3(3):217. 129. Schuster BL, Haggerty RJ: Faculty-agents of change. Suppl. in Meeting the Need.

Redressing the Specialist/Generalist Imbalance through Education and Training. J Gen Internal Med 1994;9:550

130. Haggerty RJ: Community pediatrics: past and present. Pediatr Ann 1994;23:657. 131. Haggerty RJ: Medical education in the United States: special focus on postgraduate and

continuing education. Int Child Hlth: Digest Curr Infor 1995;6 (2):27. 132. Haggerty RJ: Implementation of the Resolution of the 47th World Health Assembly on

Infant Health. Int Child Hlth; Digest Curr Infor 1995;6 (2):41. 133. Haggerty RJ: The USA Federation of Pediatric Organizations and an outline of the

International Pediatric Association. Int Child Hlth: Digest Curr Infor 1995;6 (2):111-120. 134. Haggerty RJ: Child Health 2000: new pediatrics in the changing environment of children=s

needs in the 21st century. Pediatrics 1995;96:804. 135. Haggerty RJ: Training teachers for general pediatrics. Int Child Hlth: Digest Curr Infor

1995;6:27-31.

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136. Munoz RF, Mrazek P and Haggerty RJ: Institute of Medicine Report on Prevention of

Mental Disorders. Am Psychol 1996;51:1116-1122.

137. Haggerty RJ: Abraham Jacobi, MD, respectable rebel. Pediatrics 1997;99:462. 138. Haggerty RJ: American Pediatric Society John Howland Award 1998: acceptance. Pediatr

Res 1999;45:153. 139. Haggerty RJ and Sutherland SA. The academic general pediatrician: is the species still

endangered? Pediatrics 1999;104:137-142. Supplement, Jour Ambulatory Pediatric Assoc. 140. Haggerty RJ and Chamberlin R: Dr. Janeway and the Cameroon project: lessons learned

from an international project. Pharos of Alpha Omega Alpha Autumn 2000;11-16. 141. Haggerty RJ and Green M. History of general and ambulatory pediatrics. Pediatric Res. In

Press.

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BOOKS, BOOK CHAPTERS AND INTRODUCTIONS: 1. Stuart HC, Haggerty RJ: Problems in pediatrics. Crowell-Collier Encyclopedia, 1957. 2. Haggerty RJ: Procedure Book for the Management of Childhood Poisoning. Third edition.

Published by the Boston Poison Information Center, Buck Printing Company, 1964. 3. Haggerty RJ: Introduction. The family and the doctor. Proceedings of a conference held at

Williamstown, Massachusetts, January 21-23, 1964, pp. vii. 4. Haggerty RJ: Collaborative research in general practice. Proceedings of a conference held

at Williamstown, Massachusetts, January 21-23, 1964, pp. 64-70. 5. Haggerty RJ: Measles. Current Pediatric Therapy 1965; 22. 6. Haggerty RJ: Nasopharyngitis. Current Pediatric Therapy, Edited by Gellis and Kagan,

1966; 123. 7. Lawrence RL, Haggerty RJ: Household agents and their potential toxicity in modern

treatment. Jay M. Arena (ed), Harper and Row Publishers, July 1967. 8. Green M, Haggerty RJ: (Eds.) Ambulatory Pediatrics, Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company;

Philadelphia: 1968. 2nd edition 1977, 3rd edition 1984, 4th edition 1991.

Haggerty RJ: Organization of ambulatory care. (Introduction) Ibid., p. 29.

Haggerty RJ: Green M: The pediatric clinician's job. Ibid., p. 103, Part III.

Haggerty RJ: When to hospitalize a child. Ibid., p. 138, Part III.

Haggerty RJ: Social factors and health. Ibid., p. 259, Part V.

Haggerty RJ: Physically abused children. Ibid., p. 285, Part V.

Haggerty RJ: Active immunization. Ibid., p. 435, Part VI.

Haggerty RJ: The management of episodic disorders. Ibid., p. 771, Part VIII.

Haggerty RJ: Family crisis: The role of the family in health and illness. Ibid., p. 774, Part VIII.

Haggerty RJ: Childhood accidents. Ibid., p. 813, Part VIII.

Haggerty RJ: Accidental poisoning. Ibid., p. 817, Part VIII.

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9. Meyer RJ, Haggerty RJ: Streptococcal infections in families . In Theory and Practice of

Family Psychiatry. John G. Howells (ed.), Edinburgh and London: Oliver and Boyd; l968. Reprinted from Pediatrics 1962;29:539.

10. Haggerty RJ: Preventive pediatrics and hygiene: preventive pediatrics. Chapter IV, p.

207-216, in Textbook of Pediatrics, Tenth Edition, 1975. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company.

11. Haggerty RJ: What type of medical care can or should be offered to the urban poor?

Medicine in the Ghetto, John C. Norman (Ed). New York:Appleton-Century Crofts;19__ (Presented at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, June 1969).

12. Haggerty RJ: Common accidental poisoning. Cecil-Loeb's Textbook of Medicine, l2th

Edition, Philadelphia:WB Saunders Company;1966, and 13th edition, 1971. 13. Roghmann KJ, Haggerty RJ, Pless IB: Measurement errors in household surveys of use of

child health services. Uses of Epidemiology in Planning Health Services. Proceedings of the Sixth International Scientific Meeting, August 29-September 3, 1971, Primosten, Yugoslavia

14. Haggerty RJ: Presentation and Discussion: Pediatrics. Proceedings of the Seventy-third

Ross Conference on Pediatric Research, Ross Laboratories Publishers, 1971. Columbus, OH 97-98.

15. Haggerty RJ: Chapter IV, Health services research in academia: a personal view. In Health

Services Research and R & D. Flook EE, and Sanazaro PJ (Eds). Ann Arbor:Health Administration Press:1973.

16. Haggerty RJ: Ambulatory pediatric care. In Maternal and Child Health Practices. Wallace

HM, Gold EM, Lis EF (Eds). Springfield: CC Thomas; 1973. 17. Alpert J, Haggerty R, Heagarty M, Kosa J, Robertson L: Changing the Medical Care

System: A Controlled Experiment in Comprehensive Care. Praeger Publishers, 1974. 18. Haggerty RJ, Roghmann KJ, Pless IB: Child Health and the Community. New York: Wiley

Interscience Series;l975. 19. Haggerty RJ: Foreword. In Chronic Childhood Disorder: Promoting Patterns of Adjustment.

Pless IB, Pinkerton P (Eds). London: Kimpton;1975. 20. Haggerty RJ: Pediatrics and the environment. Scientific Proceedings of the 2nd Unigate

Conference, Barltrop D (Ed). London, 1975.

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21. Haggerty RJ: The university and the community. In To Each His Farthest Star. Rochester,

NY:University of Rochester Medical Center; 1975 (Chapter 19). 22. Haggerty RJ: The conceptual and empirical bases of family health care. Family Health

Care: Health Promotion and Illness Care. Proceedings of the 1975 Annual Institute for Public Health Social Workers, Berkeley, p. 17, 1976.

23. Green M, Haggerty RJ (Eds). Ambulatory Pediatrics. 2nd edition. Philadelphia:W.B.

Saunders;1977.

Green M, Haggerty RJ: Child health services and the clinician Ibid., p. 1, Chapter 1. . Green M, Haggerty RJ: Illnesses and problems. Ibid P. 13, Chapter 2.

Haggerty RJ: Family crisis and intervention. Ibid, p. 221, Chapter 26. Haggerty RJ: Accidental poisoning. Ibid., p. 260, Chapter 36.

Haggerty RJ: Health Promotion. Ibid, p. 361, Chapter 45.

Haggerty RJ: Adolescence. Ibid, p. 415, Chapter 49.

Haggerty RJ: Patient and parent education. Ibid., p. 423, Chapter 50.

Green M, Haggerty RJ: The clinician's job. Ibid., p. 434, Chapter 52

24. Haggerty RJ: Life stress: Is prevention or its consequence possible?- Prepared for

presentation to the American Academy of Pediatrics, November 9, 1977. 25. Haggerty RJ: Organizational aspects of comprehensive care. Centoseminar on Ambulatory

and Community Pediatrics (proceedings) Ankara:Cento;1977;145-148. 26. Haggerty RJ: Summing up. Closing remarks in evaluation of child health services. The

Interface Between Research and Medical Practice. Bosch SJ, Arias J(Eds). DHEW Publication No. (NIH) 78-1066, Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office, 1978; 271-279.

27. Haggerty RJ: Preventive pediatrics. In Textbook of Pediatrics, Eleventh edition.

Philadelphia:WB Saunders Company;1979. 28. Haggerty RJ: The family is the patient (Foreword) In The Family is the Patient. Allmond BW,

Buckman W, and Gofman HF (Eds). St. Louis: CV Mosby;1979.

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29. Haggerty RJ: Who provides health care for children? The Child in the World of Tomorrow: a Window into the Future. Spyros Doxiades (Ed). Pergamon Press;1979.

30. Haggerty RJ: Very sick children: new horizons for cure. Encyclopedia Britannica Medical

and Health Annual. 1980. 31. Haggerty RJ: Foreword. In Levine, M. A Pediatric Approach to Learning Disorders. 32. Haggerty RJ: Introduction. In Brooks R, Shonkoff J (eds). Child and Family Development.

Implications for Primary Health Care. New York: Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1980. 33. Darney PE, Haggerty RJ: Maternal and child health services. Rosenau MJ. In Public Health

and Preventive Medicine Last JM (ed), New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts 1980. 34. Haggerty RJ: Challenges to maternal & child health research in the 1980's. Klerman L (ed.).

In Research Priorities in Maternal & Child Health: Report of a Conference. Brandeis University; 1981, Chapter 11.

35. Haggerty RJ: Private foundations and the future of academic pediatrics. In The Current

Status and Future of Academic Pediatrics. Purcell, EF (ed). Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation; 1981;43-51.

36. Haggerty RJ: Combining psychosocial and drug therapy for hypertension, depression, and

diabetes (overview). Summary of a conference. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Behavioral Medicine, 1981.

37. Schorr LB, Haggerty RJ: Background notes on various approaches to determining health

service needed by infants and children, adolescents, and pregnant women. In the Report of the Select Panel for the promotion of Child Health. Volume IV. Background papers, 1981.

38. Haggerty RJ: Taking care of your child. In Better Homes and Gardens New Family Medica1

Guide. Kiester E., Jr. (ed). Merideth Corporation; 1982; 27:628-655. 39. Haggerty RJ: Life stress, illness and social supports. In One Child. Apley J, Ounsted C

(eds). Philadelphia: Spastics International Medical Publications, J.B. Lippincott Co.; 1982,2:l4-22.

40. Haggerty RJ. Behavioral pediatrics: Can it be taught? Can it be practiced? Pediatr Clin of

North Am. W.B. Saunders Co. 1982; 19:2. 41. Haggerty RJ: Components of health services for children. In Advances in Research &

Services for Children with Special Needs. Schwartz G (ed). Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1982.

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42. Haggerty RJ: Foreword. In Stress Coping and Development in Children. Garmezy N, Rutter M (eds). New York: McGraw-Hill; 1983.

43. Haggerty RJ: Epidemiology of childhood disease. In Handbook on Health and Health

Services. Mechanic D (ed). New York: Free Press, 1983. 44. Green M, Haggerty RJ (Eds): Ambulatory Pediatrics, 3rd edition. Philadelphia: WB

Saunders Company;1984.

Haggerty RJ: Family crisis and intervention. Ibid. p. 305 Part III. 45. Haggerty RJ: Guest Editor, Pediatrics Clinics of North America. Symposium on Chronic

Disease in Children. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company;1984. 46. Haggerty RJ: An overview of the epidemiology of disability and stress. Stress and Disability

in Childhood. Butler NR, Corner BD (eds.). Proceedings of the Thirty-fourth Symposium of the Colston Research Society, University of Bristol, March l982. Bristol: John Wright & Sons Ltd.;1984.

47. Pless, IB, Haggerty RJ: Child health: Research in action. In Children, Youth, and Families:

the Action-Research Relationship. Rappoport RN (eds). Cambridge University Press; 1985.

48. Haggerty RJ: Foreword. In Organization and Financing of Medical Care. Philadelphia: JB

Lippincott; 1985,23. 49. Haggerty RJ: Clinical update. Vaccine Bulletin 1985;4-5. 50. Haggerty RJ: Discovery of sudden infant death syndrome. In Lessons in the Practice of

Political Medicine. Philadelphia: Praeger Publishers, February, 1986. 51. Haggerty RJ: The changing nature of pediatrics. In Child Health Behavior: A Behavioral

Pediatrics Perspective II(I). Krasnegor NA, Arasteh JD, Cataldo MF (eds.). New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1986.

52. Haggerty RJ: Foreword. In Stress Between Work and Family. Eckenrode J, Gore S (eds).

New York:Plenum Press;1990. 53. Haggerty RJ: Pre-publication review. In Children and Health Care: Moral and Social Issues.

Kopelman L (ed). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1990. 54. Haggerty RJ: Introduction to The World=s Children Symposium. Pediatr Res 1990:555

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55. Haggerty RJ: A view of the pediatric practice: relevance to the nation (Foreword II). In Assessing Pediatric Practice: A Critical Study. Cook CD (ed). Ann Arbor, Michigan:Health Administration Press; 1990.

56. Haggerty RJ: Children at special risk. In Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, Fourteenth Edition.

Philadelphia: WB Saunders;1991;160. 57. Haggerty RJ, Roghmann, KJ, Pless IB (Eds): Child Health and the Community. Second

Edition. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers; 1993. 58. Mrazek PJ, Haggerty RJ (eds): Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders: Frontiers for

Preventive Intervention Research. Report of the Committee on Prevenitoon of Mental Disorders of the Institute of Medicine. Washington: National Academy Press; 1994:1-605.

59. Sherrod LR & Haggerty RJ: Stress, Risk and Resilience in Children and Adolescents.≅ New

York: Cambridge University Press; 1994.

Haggerty RJ. Preface. Stress and coping: a unifying theme Sherrod LR & Haggerty RJ. Processes, mechanisms and interventions

60. Haggerty, RJ: Foreword. Pediatr Cl NA; February 1995. 61. Haggerty RJ: Children, Families and Stress. Discussion at twenty-fifth Ross Round Table,

1994:295. 62. Haggerty RJ, Bloom SW, Mechanic D, (eds): Report of the Commission's Subcommittee on

the Behavioral Sciences, p. 74-78 in Medical Education in Transition: Commission on Medical Education: The Sciences of Medical Practice - The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Princeton, NJ, 1992.

63. Green M, Haggerty RJ, Weitzman M (Eds): Ambulatory Pediatrics, 5th edition. Philadelphia:

WB Saunders; 1999.

Haggerty RJ. Risks and protective factors in childhood illness, Ibid., p. 6-8 Haggerty RJ. Conduct disorders, Ibid, p. 464-465. Haggerty RJ. Integrated child health services, Ibid, p. 484-486. Haggerty RJ. The increasingly global village, Ibid, p. 544-546.

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ABSTRACTS, EDITORIALS, BOOK REVIEWS 1. Ziai M., Haggerty RJ. Neonatal meningitis. Society for Pediatric Research, June, 1957.

Abstract. 2. Haggerty, RJ, Ziai M. Therapy of acute bacterial meningitis: a controlled antibiotic study.

Presented at Society for Pediatric Research, May, 1959. Abstract. 3. Haggerty RJ. Ninth International Pediatric Congress. N Engl J Med 1959;261:667. Editorial. 4. Haggerty RJ. Go west young man. N Engl J Med 1959;261:767. Editorial. 5. Haggerty RJ. Lead line versus life line. N Engl J Med 1960;262:149. Editorial. 6. Haggerty RJ. Prevention of recurrence of rheumatic carditis. N Engl J Med 1960;262:365.

Editorial. 7. Haggerty RJ. Journal of health and human behavior. N Engl J Med 1960;263:98. Editorial. 8. Haggerty RJ. Teratology society. N Engl J Med 1960;263:407. Editorial. 9. Haggerty RJ. The last great epidemic? N Engl J Med 1960;263:1146. Editorial. 10. Haggerty RJ. Hazards to health. N Engl J Med 1961;264:151. Editorial. 11. Haggerty RJ. Lest we forget. N Engl J Med 1961;264:358. Editorial. 12. Haggerty RJ. Statistic seekers. N Engl J Med 1961;264:358. Editorial. 13. Meyer RJ, Haggerty RJ. Streptococcal infection in families. Presented at Society for

Pediatric Research, May, 1961. Abstract. 14. Haggerty RJ. Quadruple vaccine. N Engl J Med 1961;264:1214. Editorial. 15. Haggerty, RJ. Family physician of the future. N Engl J Med 1961;265:500. Editorial. 16. Haggerty RJ. Who will take care of the family? N Engl J Med 1961;265:503. Editorial. 17. Haggerty RJ. Significant studies. N Engl J Med 1962;266:731. Editorial. 18. Haggerty RJ. Future of medical practice outside hospital. The Lancet, June 9, 1962;1236.

Letter to the Editor. 19. Haggerty RJ. Rubella virus isolated. N Engl J Med 1962;267:1153. Editorial. 20. Haggerty RJ. Germ-laden world. N Engl J Med 1962;267:1264. Editorial.

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21. Haggerty RJ. American Association of Poison Control Centers. N Engl J Med 1962;267:1371. Editorial.

22. Haggerty RJ. Training program for family practice. N Engl J Med 1963;268:160. Editorial. 23. Haggerty RH. Antidote to skybolt. N Engl J Med 1963;268:445. Editorial. 24. Haggerty RJ. National poison prevention week - 1963. N Engl J Med 1963;268:559.

Editorial. 25. Haggerty RJ. Collaborative research in practice. N Engl J Med 1963;268:736. Editorial. 26. Haggerty RJ. Grover F. Powers Distinguished Scholar Award. N Engl J Med 1963;268:957.

Editorial. 27. Haggerty RJ. Report on infant feeding. N Engl J Med 1963;268:957. Editorial. 28. Haggerty RJ. Observer variation. Society for Pediatric Research, May 1963. Abstract. 29. Haggerty RJ. Current status of measles vaccine. N Engl J Med 1963;269:269. Editorial. 30. Haggerty RJ. Study of acute conditions. N Engl J Med 1963;269:639. Editorial. 31. Haggerty RJ. Brown University program in medical science. N Engl J Med 1963;269:814.

Editorial. 32. Haggerty RJ. New source of mercury poisoning. N Engl J Med 1963;269:926. Editorial. 33. Haggerty RJ. Lists of honors. N Engl J Med 1963;269:1262. Editorial. 34. Haggerty RJ. Toxic hazards. N Engl J Med 1963;269:1320. Editorial. 35. Haggerty RJ. More on the battered child. N Engl J Med 1963;269:1437. Editorial. 36. Haggerty RJ. Yale scores. N Engl J Med 1963;269:1438. Editorial. 37. Haggerty RJ. The front office. N Engl J Med 1964;270:369. Editorial. 38. Haggerty RJ. Sudden death in infancy. N Engl J Med l964;270:908. Editorial. 39. Haggerty RJ. Action on battered child. N Engl J Med 1964;270:960. Editorial. 40. Haggerty RJ. The family physician. N Engl J Med 1964;270:1311. Editorial. 41. Haggerty RJ. Child health: its origin and promotion. N Engl J Med 1965;273:15. Book

Review.

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42. Alpert JJ, Kosa J, Haggerty RJ, Topitzer RJ. Broken appointments in a comprehensive care program. Clinical Research 1966;14:360. Abstract.

43. Haggerty RJ. Children in their families. N Engl J Med 1966;275:731. Editorial. 44. DeLemos R, Haggerty RJ. Adrenal cortical steroids in acute meningitis. American Pediatric

Society, Inc., April l966. Abstract. 45. Haggerty RJ, Taylor H. Patients in a pediatric out-patient department: implications for

organization of services. Newsletter of the Association for Pediatric Ambulatory Services 1966;3:3.

46. Haggerty RJ. Collaborative research in pediatric practice. Pediatrics l967;40:157. Editorial. 47. Alpert J, Kosa J, Haggerty RJ, Robertson L,Heagarty M. Effectiveness of comprehensive

pediatric care. Presented at American Pediatric Society, Inc., May l968. Abstract. 48. Tichell RH, Rosen MG, Haggerty RJ. High Risk Pregnancy Registry. American Pediatric

Society, May 1968. Abstract. 49. Haggerty RJ. Comment on "Population Studies and Teaching." by Dr. W.W. Holland. Bull

Intl Epidemiol Assoc 1968;16:5. 50. Nader PR, Haggerty RJ. The pot hot spot: Where does the pediatrician stand on marijuana?

Pediatrics 1970;45:1. 51. Haggerty RJ, Roghmann KF. The epidemiology of child health care. American Pediatric

Society, Inc., and Society for Pediatric Research, April-May, 1970. Abstract. 52. Haggerty RJ. Infants and Mothers: Differences in Development. TB Brazelton, ed..AJDC

1970;120:93. Book Review. 53. Haggerty RJ. Introduction: historical perspectives. Symposium on Comprehensive Care. Am

J Dis Child 1971;122:467. 54. Haggerty RJ, Roghmann K, and Pless IB. Family stress and the need for child health

services. International Epidemiological Association, September, 1971. Abstract. 55. Roghmann KJ, and Haggerty RJ. Family stress, illness, and use of health services.

American Pediatric Society, May, 1972. Abstract. 56. Haggerty RJ. Do we really need more pediatricians? Pediatrics 1972;50:5. Editorial. 57. Haggerty RJ. Introduction to Clinical Pediatrics. DW Smith and R.E. Marshall, eds. Social

Science and Medicine 1972;6:782. Book Review. 58. Haggerty RJ. Patient Care and Student Learning in a Pediatric Clinic. Pediatrics 1972;50:6.

Book review.

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59. Haggerty RJ. Marginal comments: family medicine and pediatrics. Am J Dis Child 1973;126:13.

60. Roghmann KJ, Haggerty RJ. The decreasing utilization of child health services. American Pediatric Society, 1973. Abstract.

61. Haggerty RJ. Effectiveness of medical care. N Engl J Med 1973;289:372. Editorial. 62. Haggerty RJ. Charles A Janeway: a man of vision. N Engl J Med 1974;291:360. 63. Haggerty RJ. A tribute to Dr. Clement A Smith. (with J. Lucey editorial) Pediatrics 1974;

53:1. Commentary. 64. Haggerty RJ. Twice over lightly. Review of Family Medical Care: a Design for Health

Maintenance. By GA Silver. Medical Care 1974;13:7. 65. Haggerty RJ. Expenditures for child health care. Pediatrics 175:55:160. Commentary. 66. Haggerty RJ. Who will monitor access? Pediatrics 1976;57:169. Commentary. 67. Haggerty RJ. Departments of pediatrics. Pediatrics 1976;57:303. Commentary. 68. Demlo LK and Haggerty RJ. Study urges redirection of quality assurance programs.

Hospital Progress; February 1977, pp. 76-78. 69. Haggerty RJ. Medical Nemesis by Ilvan Illich. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist February l977;

62-63. Book Review. 70. Haggerty RJ. Sore throats and tonsillectomy. N Engl J Med 1978;298:453. 71. Haggerty RJ. Fit for future: lessons for the United States. Pediatrics 1978;61:5.

Commentary. 72. Haggerty RJ. Quality Assurance in Health Care. RH Egdahl, PM Gertman, Germantown,

MD:Aspen Systems Corporation, 1976;375 Inquiry, Vol. XV, September 1978. Book Review.

73. Haggerty RJ. Pediatrics and child psychiatry: a new joint venture. Pediatrics 1978;62:427.

Editorial. 74. Haggerty RJ. Child care and public policy: studies of the economic issues. Soc Sci and Med

1979;99. Editorial. 75. Haggerty RJ. The task force report-the future of pediatric education. Pediatrics

1979;63:935-937. Editorial. 76. Haggerty RJ. Damn the simplicities. Pediatrics 1980;66:2. Editorial.

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77. Haggerty RJ. Pediatrics in review. Pediatrics in Review 1979;1:1. Editorial. 78. Haggerty RJ: PIR and CME. Pediatrics in Review 1979;1:39. Editorial. 79. Haggerty RJ. The editorial board. who's who. Pediatrics in Review, 1979;1:163. Editorial. 80. Haggerty RJ. Letters to the editor. Pediatrics in Review, 1980;1:227. Editorial. 81. Haggerty RJ. One year's experience. Pediatrics in Review, 1980;1:299. Editorial. 82. Haggerty RJ. The first birthday. Pediatrics in Review, 1980;2:3. Editorial. 83. Haggerty RJ. President's report of the 1980 Annual Report of the William T. Grant

Foundation, p. 9-12. 84. Haggerty RJ. Those educational objectives. Pediatrics in Review 1981;2:195. Editorial. 85. Haggerty RJ. Feedback. Pediatrics in Review, 1981;2:299. Editorial. 86. Haggerty RJ. Genetics-neonatology-cardiology. Pediatrics in Review, 1981;3:3. Editorial. 87. Haggerty RJ. President's report of the 1981 Annual Report of the William T. Grant

Foundation, p. 7-13. 88. Haggerty RJ. How much is enough? Pediatrics in Review, 1982;3:303. Editorial. 89. Haggerty RJ. Year four. Pediatrics in Review, 1982;4:3. Editorial. 90. Haggerty RJ. Evaluation of a Patient Education Manual. Yearbook of Pediatrics 1982:446.

Commentary. 91. Haggerty RJ. Children's health outcomes in six different ambulatory care delivery systems.

Yearbook of Pediatrics 1982: 454. Commentary. 92. Haggerty RJ. President's report of the 1982 Annual Report of the William T. Grant

Foundation, p. 5-7. 93. Haggerty RJ. Commentary on Child Health Care in the US: A Comparison of Pediatricians

and General Practitioners by Fishbane and Starfield. Yearbook of Pediatrics 1983:456. 94. Haggerty RJ. Work for unity, a united nation. AAP News 1984;35:10. Editorial. 95. Haggerty RJ. Action research. President's report of the 1983 Annual Report of the William

T. Grant Foundation, p. 5-7. 96. Haggerty RJ. The Children's Hospital of Boston: Built Better Than They Knew. N Engl J Med

1984; 310:1470. Book review.

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97. Haggerty RJ. The pediatricians' united nation. New York Pediatrician 1984; 2 (3):2. Editorial. 98. Haggerty RJ. PREP: entering the second cycle. AAP News l984;35:12. Editorial. 99. Haggerty RJ. Behavioral research in a conservative era. President's report of the 1984

Annual Report of the William T. Grant Foundation, p. 3-5. 100. Haggerty RJ. Trip to South America fosters understanding. AAP News l985;1(1):3. Editorial. 101. Haggerty RJ. Defining Academy's proper role on the manpower issue. AAP News l985;1:2.

Editorial. 102. Haggerty RJ. Research office provides chance for collaborative study. AAP News l985;1:3.

Editorial. 103. Haggerty RJ. Adapting to change. AAP News 1985;1:4. Editorial. 104. Haggerty RJ. What have we learned. President's report of the 1985 Annual Report of the

William T. Grant Foundation? p. 3-11. 105. Haggerty RJ. AAP makes progress in membership, public communications. AAP News

1985;1:5. Editorial. 106. Haggerty RJ. Committee functioning outlined, commended. AAP News 1985;1:6. Editorial. 107. Haggerty RJ. The Rand health insurance experiment for children. Pediatrics 1985;75:169.

Commentary. 108. Haggerty RJ. The limits of medical care. N Engl J Med 1985;313:383. Editorial. 109. Haggerty RJ. Who provides health care to children and adolescents in the United States?

Yearbook of Pediatrics 1986;546. Commentary. 110. Haggerty RJ. Pediatricians facing new challenges in health care practice. AAP News

1985;1:7. Editorial. 111. Haggerty RJ. Reflections on "summer dreams" of better child health care. AAP News

1985;1:8. Editorial. 112. Haggerty RJ. IPA gives pediatricians a world view of child health. AAP News 1985;1:9.

Editorial. 113. Haggerty RJ. How're we doing?: Haggerty assesses year's accomplishments. AAP News

1985;1:10. Editorial. 114. Haggerty RJ. Fiftieth anniversaries are special. Pediatrics 1985;76:5. Commentary. 115. Haggerty RJ. Back in the saddle again. Pediatrics in Review 1986. 8:1.

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116. Haggerty RJ. Youth and America's Future. The William T. Grant Foundation Commission on

Work, Family and Citizenship. President's report of the 1986 Annual Report of the William T. Grant Foundation, p. 3-5.

117. Haggerty RJ. Health supervision visits: should the immunization schedule drive the system?

Pediatrics 1987;79(4):581. Editorial. 118. Haggerty RJ. The decade of the child. President's report of the 1987 Annual Report of the

William T. Grant Foundation, p. 2-3. 119. Haggerty RJ. To the research community. President's report of the 1988 Annual Report of

the William T. Grant Foundation, p. 2-6. 120. Haggerty RJ. Matters of conviction: a profile of Dr. C Everett Koop. Cornell University

Medical College Alumni Quarterly 1985;50:2. Interview. 121. Haggerty, RJ. Late adolescence: new opportunities for developmental research. President's

report of the 1989 Annual Report of the William T. Grant Foundation, p. 3-4. 122. Haggerty, RJ. Readers comments and questions. Pediatrics in Review 1989;11(1):3.

Commentary. 123. Haggerty RJ. Does philanthropy have an ethics problem? a symposium. Philanthropy 1990

(January-February). A Publication of the Philanthropic Roundtable, No. 15. Letter. 124. Haggerty RJ. Basic benefits for all children. Health Affairs 1990;9(1). Letter to the editor. 125. Haggerty RJ. Commentary on PREP 2 - YEAR 6: An End and a New Beginning; The New

Beginning; The Core Content; Record Review; Other New Features; The Pediatrician and the Care of Children With Malignancy. Pediatrics in Review 1990;12(1):3. Editorial.

126. Haggerty RJ. A decade-plus-one. President's report of the 1990 Annual Report of the

William T. Grant Foundation, p. 3-5. 127. Haggerty RJ. Follow-up on "The Case of Donnie J." Pediatrics in Review 1991;12,(10):291.

Commentary. 128. Haggerty RJ. The new look of PREP. Pediatrics in Review, September, 1991(Special

Edition):6. Commentary. 129. Haggerty RJ. The academic generalist: still an endangered species? A response. Pediatrics

1991;88(2):385. Commentary. 130. Haggerty RJ. Physician envisions child health in the next century. AAP News 1992:19. Point

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of view. 131. Haggerty RJ. Adolescent health: is it now on the nation's agenda? Pediatrics

1992;89(4):777. Commentary. 132. Haggerty RJ. Reply to "The Academic Generalist: An Endangered Subspecies?" Pediatrics

1992;89(4):777. Commentary. 133. Burg F, Haggerty, RJ. Medical education in transition. The Report of the Robert Wood

Johnson Commission on Medical Education: The Sciences of Medical Practice. Pediatrics 1992;90(2): 1-2. Commentary.

134. Haggerty RJ. We must "do better" for our children. President's report of the 1991 Annual

Report of the William T. Grant Foundation, p. 3-5. 135. Haggerty RJ. Bet on young people: the IPA's role. International Child Health: A Digest of

Current Information 1992:3. Editorial. 136. Haggerty RJ. Child health in the next century. International Child Health 1992. Based on a

concluding address at the Child Health 2000 Conference in Vancouver, British Columbia, 1992. Editorial.

137. Haggerty RJ. Collaborative research in pediatric practice. Pediatrics 1992;89(5). Editorial. 138. Haggerty, RJ. Today=s Children: Creating a Future for a Generation in Crisis. By Hamburg,

DA. Random House 1992. Pharos of Alpha Omega Alpha. Fall, 1992. Book review. 139. Haggerty RJ. This issue of the Journal of Urban Health. Bull NY Acad Med 1993;70(3):19.

Editor=s note. 140. Haggerty RJ. The Bulletin: a New Focus, a New Look. Bull NY Acad Med 1993;70(1):4.

Editorial. 141. Haggerty RJ. Older adolescents: a group at special risk. What have we achieved? Am J

Dis Child 1993;147:538. 142. Haggerty, RJ. The International Pediatric Association (IPA): a brief history. Ambulatory

Pediatric Association Newsletter 1993;29:18. 143. Haggerty RJ. The Convention on the Rights of the Child: It's time for the United States to

ratify. Pediatrics 1994;94(5). Editorial. 144. Haggerty RJ. This issue of the Journal of Urban Health. Bull NY Acad Med 1994;71(2):137.

Editor=s note. 145. Haggerty RJ, Sherrod LR. Stress, risk and resilience in children and adolescents:

processes, mechanisms, and inverventions. Cambridge University Press; 1994. Preface. 146. Haggerty, RJ. How to use PIR for renewal of certification. Pediatrics in Review 1995;16(1).

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Commentary. 147. Haggerty, RJ. We listen to reader's suggestions. Pediatrics in Review 1995;16(1).

Commentary. 148. Haggerty RJ. Pediatr Clin North Amer 1995;February. Foreword. 149. Haggerty, RJ. U.N. Convention contains children's protections. AAP News; 1995 (May):19.

Commentary. 150. Haggerty RJ. Is it time for a pediatric health maintenance organization. Arch. Paediatr

Adolesc Med 1995;149:837. 151. Haggerty, RJ. In this issue. Bull NY Acad Med 1995;72:1. Editor=s note. 152. Haggerty, RJ. In this issue. Bull NY Acad Med 1995;72:317. Editor=s note. 153. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. Bull NY Acad Med 1996;73:1. Editor=s note. 154. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. Bull NY Acad Med 1996;73:219. Editor=s note. 155. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. Bull NY Acad Med 1997;74:1. Editor=s note. 156. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. Bull NY Acad Med 1997;74:153. Editor=s note. 157. Haggerty, RJ. Readers= views. Pediatrics in Review 1997;18:3-4. 158. Haggerty RJ. PIR in 1998. Pediatrics in Review 1998;19(3). 159. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. J Urban Health 1998;75:5. Editor=s note. 160. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. J Urban Health 1998;75:199. Editor=s note. 161. Haggerty R. In this issue. J Urban Health 1998;75:453. Editor=s note. 162. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. J Urban Health 1998;75:615. Editor=s note. 163. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. J Urban Health 1999;76:5. Editor=s note. 164. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. J Urban Health 1999;76:155. Editor=s note. 165. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. J Urban Health 1999;76. Editor=s note. In press. 166. Haggerty RJ. In this issue. J Urban Health 1999;76. Editor=s note. In press. 167. Haggerty, RJ. What=s new in 1999? Pediatrics in Review 1999;20:3.

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