ROAD TRANSPORTATION

ROADSMOST COMMON SURFACES ON WHICH PEOPLE

AND VEHICLES MOVE

KEY PART OF HUMAN & ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY

TRANS -PORTATION ACTIVITIESSTRENGTHEN REGIONAL ECONOMY

INFLUENCE LAND & NATURAL RESOURCE USE

FACILITATECOMMUNICATION & COMMERCE

EXPAND CHOICES

SUPPORT INDUSTRY

AID AGRICULTURE

INCREASE HUMAN MOBILITY

HISTORY OF ROAD MAKING1. EARLIEST TRAVEL: FOOT ON PATHS AND

TRAIL2. PACK ANIMALS & CRUDE SLEDS3. DEVELOPMENT OF WHEEL4. ROMANS MOST ADVANCED HIGHWAY

SYSTEMS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD5. ROMANS CIVILIZATION’S PEEK MILITARY ROADS: BECOME PERFECTED

FOR WHEELED VEHICLES TO THE LIMITS OF EMPIRE

HISTORY OF ROAD MAKING6. AFTER THE DECLINE OF ROMAN EMPIRE:ROADS DISREPAIR COMMERCE TRAVELED BY WATER/ON

PACK OF TRAINS7. COMMERCIAL REVIVAL: INCREASED IN

WHEELED VEHICLES

HISTORY OF ROAD MAKING8. 18TH CENTURY: ART OF ROAD BUILDING

REVIVEDP. TRESAGUET – FRENCH ENGR. METHOD

OF LIGHTWEIGHT ROAD BUILDINGNAPOLEON BONAPARTE (1800-1814) –

ROAD CONSTRUCTING FOR MILITARY PURPOSES

SAME TIME, THOMAS TELFORD & JOHN MCADAM – SCOTTISH ENGR. ROAD BUILDING TECHNIQUES

ROADS AND DEVELOPMENT VEHICLES IN THE BEGINNING OF 21ST

CENT. 600 MILLION WORLDWIDE

… CONTINOUSLY GROWING THAN POPULATION / GNP

AMERICANS – OWNS MOST CARS (1:1.7) JAPAN – (1:2.1)GREAT BRITAIN – (1:5.3)

ROADS AND DEVELOPMENT HIGHWAYS – STRENGTHEN NATIONAL

UNITYTRANS-CANADA HIGHWAY

WORLD’S LONGEST NATIONAL ROADBUILT TO IMPROVE EAST-WEST

COMMERCE IN CANADACOMPLETED IN 1960’sGROWING ROAD TRAFFIC REQUIRED

INCREASINGLY ROAD CONSTRUCTION

TRANS-CANADA H.WAY

TRANS-CANADA H.WAY

1960’s WORLD BANK BEGAN TO FINANCE ROAD CONSTRUCTION, YET, SUSTAINABILITY WAS ALSO A QUESTION –

COULD THE FACILITIES BE MAINTAINED ONCE THEY WERE BUILT?

ROADS AND DEVELOPMENT

ROADS AND DEVELOPMENT1990’s WORLD BANK FINANCED A

PROGRAM TO BUILT AN ASPHALT RAOD NETWORK IN MOZAMBIGUE

ASPHALT KEY TO SMOOTH ROADS

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCESPRIVATE TOLL ROADSCOMMUNISMPOOR COUNTRIESPOOR TRANSPORTNEED FOR CUTS & FILLS/BRIDGES &

TUNNELSSEVERE WEATHER CHANGES

HIGHWAY CLASSIFICATION1. BASIC TYPES– CONVENTIONAL UNDIVIDED 2-WAY ROAD– DIVIDED HIGHWAY MEDIAN

STRIPS/PHYSICAL BARRIERS2. LANES – DETERMINE AMOUNT OF TRAFFIC– TYPICAL 2-3– LOS ANGELES 5– SOME ONLY 1– TOLLWAYS USERS PAY

CONVENTIONAL ROAD

4 LANE DIVIDED HIGHWAY

LOS ANGELES LANE

CHINA TOLLWAYS

TOLLWAY

KOBE-WAWAJI-NARUTO EXPRESSWAY

HIGHWAY CLASSIFICATION3. ROADS – HIGHEST LEVEL; FOR LONG-

DISTANCE TRAVEL– EXPRESSWAYS – for high level of traffic– ARTERIAL– COLLECTOR– LOCAL IN URBAN AREAS