Road to constitution
-
Upload
kristenstambaugh -
Category
Education
-
view
1.114 -
download
0
Transcript of Road to constitution
![Page 1: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
FAILURE OF ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
State governments too powerful:–Power to tax:–Power to regulate trade:–Power to dictate policy to national
government:–Power to raise militia:
![Page 3: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
NEED FOR A STRONGER NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
• Great Britain was waiting for the United States to fail:• Large states taking advantage of small
states:• Jealousy kept states from working
together:• U-N-I-T-E-D STATES was not united:
![Page 4: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SOLUTION
![Page 5: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Government officials realized after Shays’ Rebellion that a change was needed
A convention of representatives from each state were called to Philadelphia in 1787
![Page 6: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
STATEHOUSE IN PHILADELPHIASITE OF THE CONVENTION
![Page 8: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
INSIDE OF STATEHOUSE (TODAY)
SITE OF THE CONVENTION
![Page 9: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
There were 74 men asked to come to Philadelphia but only delegates arrived in Philadelphia
![Page 10: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
![Page 11: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The average age of a delegate was 44 years old
![Page 12: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
JONATHAN DAYTON (New Jersey) was the youngest at age 26
BEN FRANKLIN (Pennsylvania) was the oldest at age 81
![Page 13: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Most had some experience as politicians in their home states
![Page 14: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
40 of the delegates had been members of the Continental Congress
![Page 15: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
34 of the 55 were lawyers
Also included soldiers, planters, educators, ministers, physicians, financiers, and merchants
![Page 16: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Most were very wealthy and many owned slaves
![Page 17: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
All the delegates were white men
![Page 18: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
None of the delegates were African-Americans, Hispanic, women, poor
![Page 19: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
GUIDELINES FOR THE CONVENTION
•Work of the Convention would remain a secret:
•White, highly educated, successful men with political experience would be sent:
•A majority vote was required on an issue:
•George Washington would preside over the Convention:
![Page 20: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
PROBLEMS AT THE CONVENTION
•Small States and Large State cannot agree on representation;
•Northern States and Southern States cannot agree on the issue of slavery;
•Federalist and Anti-Federalist cannot agree on the power of the National Government:
![Page 21: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Bicameral Legislature (Two – houses)
Both houses will base representation on population with equal number of representatives in each house
Will have a president, legislature, and court system—Three Branches of Government!
Chief executive chosen by legislature and court system
Proposed by:Edmund Randolf
![Page 22: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Unicameral Legislature (One – house)
Representation in legislature will be the same for all states
Congress could tax and regulate trade
Proposed by:William Patterson
![Page 23: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Resolved Virginia and New Jersey Plans
Bicameral legislature (Two – houses) Representation in one house (the
House of Representatives) will be determined by population (representative elected by the people)
Representation in the other house (the Senate) will be the same for each state (two per state, elected by the state legislature)
Proposed by:Roger Sherman
![Page 24: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Fixing problems with commerce and trade
Congress was allowed to regulate interstate and foreign trade.
Congress could tax imports, but not exports
Congress was forbidden to restrict the importation of slaves for 20 years, but could levy a tax, for every imported slave as much as $10.
Slaves were not considered free if they ran away to a free state, but rather had to be returned if caught.
![Page 26: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Three-Fifths Compromise Counted every 5 slaves as 3 free persons for taxation and representation purposes in Congress.
![Page 27: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
How do will we elect our president? Elected by Congress?? Elected by the people??
Compromise: The Electoral College
![Page 28: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
What problems did the “framers” of the Constitution face AFTER the Constitutional Convention? Anti-Federalists disapproved
Federalists fought against Anti-Federalists
![Page 29: Road to constitution](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/555e7327d8b42a34098b53c2/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)