Road Safety Audits Ghazwan al-Haji PhD student ”On whats goes wrong in road design and how to put...
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Transcript of Road Safety Audits Ghazwan al-Haji PhD student ”On whats goes wrong in road design and how to put...
Road Safety Audits
Ghazwan al-Haji PhD student
”On whats goes wrong in road design and how to put it right safely”
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What is Road Safety Audits?
A Road Safety Audit (RSA) is a systematic procedure, which brings traffic safety knowledge into the road planning and design process with the purpose of preventing traffic accidents, which carried out by an independent team of trained specialists to address the safe operation of a roadway and to ensure a high level of safety for all road users.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Road Safety Audits Review
Road Safety Audit Review (RSAR) is conducted during the design process or existing roads by an independent safety team. The Design Safety Review is more informal and flexible in nature, and provides more opportunities for communication and interaction between the design team and the safety team.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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History and RSA development
Developed by road safety engineers (late1970’s/early 1980’s) in UK in response to
serious and fatal accidents on new road schemes.
Inititated by railway industry development. In 1990, UK Safety Audit guidelines
introduced In 1996, UK Safety Audit guidelines were
revised.TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Road Safety Strategy
Safer People Safer roads Safer vehicles Strategic coordination, Transport and land use planning and
management.
Road Safety Audit
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Shared Factors in Road Accidents
Road Safety Audit
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Objectives of RSA & RSAR
To consider the safety of all types of road users (balance) under all types of conditions, such as weather and time of day; and under all level of accident risk.
To consider financial and design problems. To design out safety problems from the
beginning and to reduce post-construction remedial work.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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RSA & accident investigations...
Accident prevention by Audit is better than reduction by accident investigations
Invistigate the factors which contributed to the accidents.
Improve design guides.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Road Safety Audit Requirements
To all new roads and Highways. All projects completed for roads valued above
10? million SEK. Hazard locations previously identified as being
the worst 10% for accidents injuries. Smaller projects are only audited at later
stages.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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RSA Team Requirements
A road construction safety audit team should has sufficient experience and expertise in the areas of road safety engineering, road construction works, crash investigation and prevention, traffic management, and traffic engineering. It might also include police officers. The size of team depend on size and character of the scheme.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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How to carry out a Safety Audit
Team at least two people. Carried out systematically. Objective assessment. Based on sound safety principles. From the road users’ point of view. Formal reports prepared – stating safety
problem and recommended action Formal responses prepared
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Costs and Benefits of RSA (RSAR)
The cost of conducting safety audits and reviews is approximately 5 to 10 percent of the design cost of a project (less than 0.5 percent of total cost of the project).
Researches indicates that Road Safety Audits have resulted in a 2 to 6 percent reduction in injury collisions. Also the expenses of rebuilding ”black spots” can be avoided.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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RSA and Risk elements
safety audits and reviews are developed to minimize risks for the road users. Risk is a function of probability, consequence and exposure.
Source: http://www.roadsafetyaudit.com/TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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RSA & RSAR Process
The road safety component
is usually missing in the
design process. The typical
design process should
include RSA and RSAR.
Source: http://www.roadsafetyaudit.com/
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Audits Stages
Different issues can be addressed at each stage. Stage 4 is essential as some aspects may be difficult from two-dimensional plan. Some authorities reduce number of stages depending on the scheme size, type and cost. There can be stage 5 on the existing roads.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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How to conduct a Road Safety Audit
An audit is independent, and safety team is not part of
the design team. It consists of individuals who have
demonstrated road safety engineering expertise. The
role of design team is to receive the specialists’ inputs
(environmental, geotechnical, socio-economical, RSA,
etc) and meeting as possible (balance) the core
project objectives.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Audit Roles & Responsibilities
Source: http://www.roadsafetyaudit.com/
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Selected Items of Checklist
General items
1. Horizontal and Vertical Alignment
2. Sight and Stopping Distances
3. Traffic lane Safety and Visibility
4. Street Lighting, Roadworks Signs
Traffic Signs and Pavement Markings
1. Signs, Location/Placement
2. Day /Night, Winter/Summer Requirements
3. Delineation and Reflective Markers
4. Pavement Marking TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Selected Items of Checklist
Traffic Signals
1. Temporary Traffic Signals
2. Location, Visibility
3. Signals Display
4. Traffic Movements
Pedestrians and Cyclists
1. Paths
2. Elderly and Disabled
3. Cyclists
4. Safe Grates, Warning TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Selected Items of Checklist
Road Pavement
1. Pavement Defects
2. Skid Resistance, painting
3. Loose Screenings
4. Contrast (Kerb and pavement)
Traffic Speed Management
1. Speed Restriction Signs
2. Speed Management
3. Signs Requirements
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
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What makes a good Safety Audit Report
Keeps to road safety issuesWell-described safety problemsPractical recommendations Indication of priorities
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
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What makes a poor Safety Audit Report
Too much emphasis on design features rather than real safety issues
Unclear recommendationsNo indication of prioritiesNot basad on published safety
princliples.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student
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Monitoring
It is important to monitor its performance in terms of the number and severity of road accidents and casualties.
To monitor schemes one year and three year after completion of schemes.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
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Conclusion!
RSA is one key role in preventing accidents. The primary role of the auditor is to identify potential safety problems and report these to design engineer who will make the decision on whether to act on the audits findings. The road safety auditor will not comment on the principles of the project or re-design the scheme. Simply, the Auditor does not provide solutions.
TGTN95/ Road Safety Audit- Case Study
G. al-Haji, PhD student