RM E Composite Grillage OENORM
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Transcript of RM E Composite Grillage OENORM
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RM BridgeProfessional Engineering Software for Bridges of all Types
RM Bridge V8i
October 2010
TRAINING COMPOSITE GRILLAGE RM -NORM
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RM BRIDGE
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM I
Bentley Systems Austria
Contents
1 Design Criteria ............................................................................................................. 1-11.1 Materials .............................................................................................................. 1-11.2 Design Loadings: ................................................................................................. 1-2
1.2.1 Dead Load:....................................................................................................... 1-21.2.2 Live Load ......................................................................................................... 1-21.2.3 Dynamical Coefficient ..................................................................................... 1-61.2.4 Wind Loads:..................................................................................................... 1-61.2.5 Thermal Forces: ............................................................................................... 1-71.2.6 Creep and Shrinkage: ....................................................................................... 1-71.2.7 Pier Settlement: ................................................................................................ 1-7
1.3 Load Combinations: ............................................................................................ 1-72 System Modifications .................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1 Definition of Elements for the Shear Studs ......................................................... 2-13 Loads............................................................................................................................ 3-1
3.1 Load Manager ...................................................................................................... 3-13.2 Defining Loads .................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2.1 Definition of Load Cases for Self Weight ....................................................... 3-23.2.2 Definition of Load Cases for the Superimposed Dead Loads ......................... 3-53.2.3 Definition of Load Cases for the Creep and Shrinkage Effects....................... 3-5
4 Construction Stages ..................................................................................................... 4-14.1 Stage 1 ................................................................................................................. 4-1
4.1.1 Element Activation .......................................................................................... 4-14.1.2 Calculation (Static) .......................................................................................... 4-2
4.2 Stage 2 ................................................................................................................. 4-24.2.1 Element Activation .......................................................................................... 4-24.2.2 Calculation (Static) .......................................................................................... 4-3
4.3 Stage 3 ................................................................................................................. 4-34.3.1 Element Activation .......................................................................................... 4-34.3.2 Calculation (Static) .......................................................................................... 4-5
4.4 Stage 4 ................................................................................................................. 4-6
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4.4.1 Element Activation .......................................................................................... 4-64.5
Final stage ............................................................................................................ 4-7
4.5.1 Element Activation .......................................................................................... 4-74.5.2 Calculation (Static) .......................................................................................... 4-7
5 Additional Loads ......................................................................................................... 5-95.1 Definition of Settlement Load Cases ................................................................... 5-95.2 Definition of Temperature Load Case ............................................................... 5-105.3 Definition of Wind Load Cases ......................................................................... 5-115.4 Calculation of Additional Loadings................................................................... 5-13
6 Superposition of Additional Loadings ......................................................................... 6-17 Traffic .......................................................................................................................... 7-3
7.1 Traffic Definition ................................................................................................. 7-37.2 Traffic Lanes ........................................................................................................ 7-57.3 Traffic Loads ....................................................................................................... 7-97.4 Traffic Calculation ............................................................................................. 7-107.5 Traffic Superposition ......................................................................................... 7-14
8
Load Combinations ...................................................................................................... 8-1
9 Fibre Stress Check ....................................................................................................... 9-19.1 Definition of the Stress Limits ............................................................................. 9-19.2 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule ......................................... 9-2
10 Ultimate Load Check ................................................................................................. 10-110.1 Strain/Stress Values ........................................................................................... 10-1
10.1.1 Reinforcement: BSt_550 ........................................................................... 10-110.1.2 Concrete: Type C 30/37 ............................................................................. 10-1
10.2 Reinforcement Definition .................................................................................. 10-210.3 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule ....................................... 10-3
11 Shear and Equivalent Stresses for Steel..................................................................... 11-5
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RM Bridge Design Cr iteria
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 1-1
Bentley Systems Austria
1 Design Criteria
General explanations about the structure and the modelling as well as the detailed descrip-
tion of node and element numbering is already discussed in TRAINING 5 (GP). In this part
of the documentation only definitions and features used in RMare described.
The following design criteria are used in this example:
Material: OENORM bridge design specifications
Loads: simple loadings only used to demonstrate the program capabilities
Checks: simple checks only used to demonstrate the program capabilities
1.1 Materials
Reinforcement: BSt_550
Yield Strength: 550000 kN/m2
Modulus of Elasticity: 2.0000E+08 kN/m2
Concrete: Type C 30/37
28 day Cylinder Compressive Strength: 37000 kN/m2
Modulus of Elasticity: 3.2000E+07 kN/m2
Steel: Fe_360
Yield Strength: 240000 kN/m2
Modulus of Elasticity: 2.1000E+08 kN/m
2
Allow. longit. tens. str.-General 160000 kN/m2
Allow. longit. compr. str.-General -160000 kN/m2
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1.2 Design Loadings:
1.2.1 Dead Load:
Self weight (concrete) : 25 kN/m3
Self weight (steel) 78.5 kN/m3
Additional dead load (asphalt, traffic barriers..): 16.0 kN/m each main girder
1.2.2 Liv e Load
The live load calculation is defined according to the Austrian Standard OENORM B4002
including the rules of the RVS. Therefore also heavy trucks with 200to and 150to have to
be considered. The following pictures show the different loading positions that have to be
taken into account.
1.2.2.1 System
9.0m
4.5m 4.5m
3.75m 3.75m0.75m 0.75m
2.0m 5.0m 2.0m
7.5m
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LaneSet SV1:
250kN
q=6.29 kN/m
250kN
12 35 4
z
y
Lane
LaneSet SV2:
250kN 250kN
q=6.29 kN/m
z
y
12 35 4Lane
LaneSet SFZ200-1/2/3:
For this LaneSet there are three different positions in the cross-section for taking into ac-
count the heavy truck with 200to. The truck has to be positioned 1.0m left of the middle of
the roadway, the second position is 1.0m right of the middle and the third position is di-
rectly in the middle of the roadway. The loadings on the sidewalks have also to be consid-
ered.
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2000kN
12 135 4
z
y
11
1.0m 1.0m
LaneSet SFZ150-1/2:
1500 kN
315 33
z
y
32
1.875m 1.875m
4
250 kN
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225 23 21 4
1500 kN
zy
1.875m 1.875m
250 kN
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1.2.3 Dynam ical Coeff icient
The dynamical coefficient is calculated according to the OENORM B4002 Table 1. All
loadings on the roadway have to be multiplied with this factor. The live load on the side-
walk has not to be multiplied with a dynamical factor (.
For the additional loadings according to the RVS 15.114 for special trucks following dy-
namical coefficient has to be applied:
2
1
`
17.12
33.11
`
Intensity of the uniform live loads:
26.29kN/m 2.245750550.7 lq
1.2.4 Wind Load s:
Wind loadings are calculated according to OENORM (Austrian Standard).
Wind without traffic:
Wind on Structure (MG1): 3.43 kN/m (in the centroid)
Wind on Structure (MG2): 2.57 kN/m (in the centroid)
Wind on Structure (PIERS): 13.07 kN/m (in the centroid)
Wind with traffic:
Wind on Structure (MG1): 1.72 kN/m (in the centroid)
Wind on Structure (MG2): 1.29 kN/m (in the centroid)
Wind on Structure (PIERS): 6.53 kN/m (in the centroid)
Wind on Live Load (MG1): 1.10 kN/m (1.25 m above the deck)
Wind on Live Load (MG2): 1.10 kN/m (1.25 m above the deck)
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1.2.5 Thermal Forces:
Thermal Coefficient: 1.0 e-05 per C
Uniform temperature load: 20 C
1.2.6 Creep and Shrink age:
Time dependent effects calculated in accordance with OENORM 4750 Creep & Shrinkage
model code.
1.2.7 Pier Settlement:
1 cm at each abutment and pier axis
1.3 Load Combinations:
The Load combinations are defined according to OENORM.
Sum load case 100 permanent loadings
Sum load case 200 additional permanent loadings
Sum load case 600 Creep & shrinkage
Load case 699 End Creep &shrinkageSuperposition traffic.sup Traffic loading
Superposition wind-wot.sup Wind without traffic
Superposition wind-t.sup Wind including traffic
Superposition Temp_uniform.sup Uniform temperature loadings
Superposition settle.sup Settlement
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SLS Comb I Comb II Comb III Comb IV
Combin
ationtableSLS
For the ULS calculation the value GAMMA as a security factor on material side is a l-
ready taken into account in the stress/strain diagrams for Steel with =1.15 and for concrete
using =1.50.
ULS Comb V Comb VI Comb VII Comb VIII Comb IX
CombinationtableULS
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RM Bridge System Modif ications
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 2-1
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2 System Modifications
2.1 Definition of Elements for the Shear Studs
To complete the structural definitions also the elements representing the shear studs
have to be defined in RM. For these elements a special numbering system has to beused. The elements must have the number of the steel beam elements +10000. That
means shear stud element at element 1101 is 11101. The element type is spring. To
define spring constants is not necessary. The definition for main girder 1 is shown be-
low. Also a Group name for later plotting of results will be assigned to these elements.
For the spring elements at the first main girder the group should be MG1 -S and at the
second main girder MG2-S.
InsertnewElements
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RM Bridge Loads
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 3-1
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3 Loads
3.1 Load Manager
The following actions can be made with LMANAGE
An individual loading case can be defined so that, after calculation, its re-sults are automatically added to 1,2 or 3 other loading case numbers.
An individual loading case can be defined so that, after calculation, its re-sults are automatically combined into 1,2 or 3 envelopes.
The loading cases and envelopes that are being added or combined into,
must have been defined prior to this Info action.
Choose insert after to insert all necessary load management definitions.
T
able
Loadmanag.:Loadmanag.:
SW SDL CS
Load Case 1: LC0100 LC0200 LC0600
Type: o Total o Total o TotalLoad Case 2: LC1000 LC1000 LC1000
Type: o Total o Total o TotalLoad Case 3: - - -
Type: o Total o Total o Total
The final creep loading case is No 699 is not added to the general loading case 600 as it
is necessary to have the final creep and shrinkage effects separate for checking the
structure including all live loadings and other loading combinations at time zero (after
construction, before final creep and shrinkage) and at time infinity.
3.2 Defining Loads
Several loads can be combined into one LOAD CASE. Later on these LOAD CASES
can be calculated in the Construction schedule.
Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE and LOAD DEFINTION to start the load-
ing definitions.
Select to open the load definition input window.
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RM Bridge Loads
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3.2.1 Definit ion of Load Cases for Self Weight
Insert a new loading case.
LC-Selfweight
LoadCase:LoadCase:
LC0101
Insert: Upper List
Duration Type: P
Load Management: SW
Insert: Bottom List
Loading:Uniform
LoadUniform
LoadUniform
LoadUniform
LoadUniform
Load
LoadType:Selfweightjust as load
Selfweightjust as load
Selfweightjust as load
Selfweightjust as load
Selfweightjust as load
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK
From: 1101 2101 101 201 3101
To: 1144 2144 105 205 3116
Step: 1 1 1 1 1
Rx: 0 0 0 0 0
Ry: -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
Rz: 0 0 0 0 0
Gamma: 78.5 78.5 25.0 25.0 78.5
Type: Real Length Real Length Real Length Real Length Real LengthConfirm: OK OK OK OK OK
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LC-Selfweight
LoadCase:
LoadCase:
LC0102
Insert: Upper List
Duration Type: P
Load Management: SW
Insert: Bottom Lidz
Loading:Uniform
Load
Uniform
Load
Uniform
Load
Uniform
Load
Uniform
Load
Uniform
Load
LoadType:
Uniform
concentric
element
load
Uniform
concentric
element
load
Uniform
concentric
element
load
Uniform
concentric
element
load
Uniform
concentric
element
load
Uniform
concentric
element
load
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
From: 1101 2101 1117 2117 1137 2137To: 1108 2108 1128 2128 1144 2144
Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1
Qx [kN/m] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Qy [kN/m] -24.45 -24.45 -24.45 -24.45 -24.45 -24.45
Qz [kN/m] Global Global Global Global Global Global
DirectionReal
length
Real
length
Real
length
Real
length
Real
length
Real
length
Load application
Load/Unit
length
Load/Unit
length
Load/Unit
length
Load/Unit
length
Load/Unit
length
Load/Unit
length
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
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RM Bridge Loads
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LC-Selfweight
LoadCase:
LoadCase:
LC0103
Insert: Upper List
Duration Type: P
Load Management: SW
Insert: Bottom List
Loading:Uniform
Load
Uniform
Load
Uniform
Load
Uniform
Load
LoadType:
Uniform
concentric
element
load
Uniform
concentric
element
load
Uniform
concentric
element
load
Uniform
concentric
element
load
Confirm: OK OK OK OK
From: 1109 2109 1129 2129To: 1116 2116 1136 2136
Step: 1 1 1 1
Qx [kN/m] 0 0 0 0
Qy [kN/m] -24.45 -24.45 -24.45 -24.45
Qz [kN/m]
Direction Global Global Global Global
Load applicationReal
length
Real
length
Real
length
Real
length
Confirm: OK OK OK OK
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3.2.2 Definit ion of Load Cases for the Superim pos ed Dead Loads
LCS
uperimposedDeadLoad
LoadCase:LoadCase:
LC0204
Insert: Upper List
Duration Type: P
Load Management: SDL
Insert: Bottom List
Loading:Uniform
Load
Uniform
Load
LoadType:
Uniform
concentricelement
load
Uniform
concentricelement
load
Confirm: OK OK
From: 1301 2301
To: 1344 2344
Step: 1 1
Rx: 0 0
Ry: -16 -16
Rz: 0 0
Gamma: Global Global
Type:Real
length
Real
lengthConfirm: OK OK
3.2.3 Definit ion of Load Cases for the Creep and Shrinkage Effects
LCC
+S
Name:Name:
LC0602 LC0603 LC0699
Insert: Upper List Upper List Upper List
Duration Type: P P P
Load Manag.: C+S C+S -
Description: - - -
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
No Input nec-essary
No Input nec-essary
No Input nec-essary
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RM Bridge Construction Stages
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 4-1
Bentley Systems Austria
4 Construction Stages
4.1 Stage 1
4.1.1 Element Ac tivation
Open the construction schedule input window with CONSTRCUTION SCHED-
ULE andSTAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION.
Create a new stage (stage 1)
Select
The entire activation plan for the bridge construction is summarised in this window.
Select the (upper) append button to open the input window for the construction stage
definition. Insert the construction stage number and the descriptionStage 1 here.
Select the (lower) append button to open the input window for element activa-
tion/deactivation.
Activate elements for stage 1 as shown in the following table.
Activation
Construction Stage:Construction Stage:
Stage1
Insert: Bottom List
Type: Active Active Active Active Active
From: 1101 2101 4100 4101 4145
To: 1144 2144 4200 4201 4245
Step: 1 1 100 100 100
Age: 0 0 0 0 0
ts: - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK
Activation
Construction Stage:Construction Stage:
Stage1
Insert: Bottom List
Type: Active Active Active Active Active Active
From: 101 201 100 4113 4133 3101
To: 105 205 200 4213 4233 3116
Step: 1 1 100 100 100 1
Age: 28 28 0 0 0 0
ts: - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
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4.1.2 Calcu latio n (Static)
Open the construction schedule Actions input window by selecting
Select the (lower) append button to add an action and insert the actions shown in the
table below.
ActionsS
tage
1
ConstructionStage:
Construction
Stage:
Stage1 Stage1 Stage1 Stage1 Stage1 Stage1
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
Action:LC/Envelop
e Action
LC/Envelop
e Action
LC/Envelop
e Action
LC/Envelop
e Action
Calculation
Static
Calculation
Static
Type: LcInit LcInit LcInit LcInit Calc LcInit
Input 1: - - - - LC0101 LC1000
Input 2: - - - - - -
Input 3: - - - - - -
Output 1: LC0100 LC0200 LC0600 LC1000 - LC1001
Output 2: - - - - * -
Delta-T: - - - - - -
Description: - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
4.2 Stage 2
4.2.1 Element Ac tivation
No activation for this stage 2 is done because in this stage only the wet concrete is
loaded on the steel elements (concrete elements are not activated yet).
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4.2.2 Calcu latio n (Static)
Action
sS
tage2
ConstructionStage:
Construction
Stage:
Stage2 Stage2 Stage2
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
Action:LC/Envelope
Action
LC/Envelope
Action
LC/Envelope
Action
Type: Calc Creep LcInit
Input 1: LC0102 - LC1000
Input 2: - 1 -Input 3: - - -
Output 1: - LC0602 LC1002
Output 2: * - -
Delta-T: 0 14 0
Description: - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK
Plot diagrams can be made at any time in the Construction schedule. By setting a new
RMSet for each individual plot. When creating RMSets the function copy is very
useful.
4.3 Stage 3
4.3.1 Element Ac tivation
Activation
Construction Stage:Construction Stage:
Stage3
Insert:Bottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
List
Type: Active Active Active Active Active Active
From: 1201 2201 1217 2217 1237 2237
To: 1208 2208 1228 2228 1244 2244Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1
Age: 7 7 7 7 7 7
ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
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Activation
Construction Stage:
Construction Stage:
Stage3
Insert:Bottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
List
Type: Active Active Active Active Active Active
From: 1301 2301 1317 2317 1337 2337
To: 1308 2308 1328 2328 1344 2344
Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1
Age: 0 0 0 0 0 0
ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
Activation
Construction Stage:Construction Stage:
Stage3
Insert:Bottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
List
Type: Active Active Active Active Active Active
From: 3201 3209 3301 3309 301 319
To: 3204 3212 3304 3312 309 329
Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1
Age: 7 7 0 0 7 7
ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
Activation
Construction Stage:Construction Stage:
Stage3
Insert:Bottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
List
Type: Active Active Active Active Active Active
From: 339 11101 11117 11137 12101 12117
To: 347 11108 11128 11144 12108 12128
Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1
Age: 7 0 0 0 0 0
ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
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4.3.2 Calcu latio n (Static)
ActionsS
tage3
Construction Stage:
ConstructionStage:
Stage2 Stage2 Stage2
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
Action:Calculation
(Static)Calculation
(Static)Load case
action
Type: Calc Creep LcInit
Input 1: LC0103 - LC1000
Input 2: - 1 -Input 3: - - -
Output 1: - LC0603 LC 1003
Output 2: * - -
Delta-T: 0 14 0
Description: - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK
Plot diagrams can be made at any time in the Construction schedule. By setting a new
RMSet for each individual plot. When creating RMSets the function copy is very
useful.
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4.4 Stage 4
4.4.1 Element Ac tivation
Activation
Construction Stage:Construction Stage:
Stage4
Insert:Bottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
List
Type: Active Active Active Active Active Active
From: 1209 1229 1309 1329 2209 2229
To: 1216 1236 1316 1336 2216 2236
Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1
Age: 7 7 0 0 7 7ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
Ac
tivation
Construction Stage:Construction Stage:
Stage4
Insert:Bottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
List
Type: Active Active Active Active Active Active
From: 2309 2329 3205 3213 3305 3313
To: 2316 2336 3211 3216 3311 3316
Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1
Age: 0 0 7 7 0 0
ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
Activ
ation
Construction Stage:Construction Stage:
Stage4
Insert:Bottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
ListBottom
List
Type: Active Active Active Active Active Active
From: 310 330 11109 11129 12109 12129To: 318 338 11116 11136 12116 12136
Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1
Age: 7 7 0 0 0 0
ts: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
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Calculation (Static)
Actio
nsS
tage4
Construction Stage:
ConstructionStage:
Stage4
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List
Action:Calculation
(Static)Calculation
(Static)
Type: Calc LcInit
Input 1: LC0204 LC1000
Input 2: - -
Input 3: - -Output 1: - LC1004
Output 2: * -
Delta-T: 0 0
Description: - -
Confirm: OK OK
4.5 Final stage
4.5.1 Element Ac tivation
In this stage there is no element activation necessary. All elements are already activated.
4.5.2 Calcu latio n (Static)
ActionsS
tage99
Construction Stage:
ConstructionStage:
Stage99
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom ListAction:
Calculation(Static)
Calculation(Static)
Load caseaction
Type: Creep LcInit LcAdd
Input 1: - LC1000 LC0699
Input 2: 1 - -
Input 3: - - -
Output 1: LC0603 LC1099 LC1099
Output 2: - - -
Delta-T: 1e+04 0 0
Description: - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK
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RM Bridge Additional L oads
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 5-9
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5 Additional Loads Select to open the load definition input window
Define following and load cases and for the loading of the temperature gradient a
load Set that will be added into a Load Case.
5.1 Definition of Settlement Load Cases
Change to CONSTRCUTION SCHEDULE and LOAD DEFINITION LCASE
and define a series of load case for Settlement at the abutments and at the piers.
LCA
dd.
Load
s-Settlement
LoadCase:LoadCase:
LC0021 LC0022 LC0023 LC0024
Insert: Upper List
Duration Type: NP
Load Management: -
Insert: Bottom List
Loading:
Actions
on ele-
ment end
Actions
on ele-
ment end
Actions
on ele-
ment end
Actions
on ele-
ment end
LoadType:Element-
end de-
formation
Element-
end de-
formation
Element-
end de-
formation
Element-
end de-
formationConfirm: OK OK OK OK
From 4100 100 200 4200
to 4100 100 200 4200
Step 1 1 1 1
Vx [m] 0 0 0 0
Vy [m] -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01
Vz [m] 0 0 0 0
Direction Global Global Global Global
Rx [Rad] 0 0 0 0
Ry [Rad] 0 0 0 0
Rz [Rad] 0 0 0 0
Where End End End End
Confirm: OK OK OK OK
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5.2 Definition of Temperature Load Case
Under CONSTRCUTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION LCASE a load
case for uniform temperature loading may be defined.
LCA
dd.
Loads-Te
mperature
Load Case:Load Case:
LC0031
Insert: Bottom Table
Loading:Initial
Stress/StrainInitial
Stress/StrainInitial
Stress/StrainInitial
Stress/StrainInitial
Stress/Strain
Load Type:
Uniform
TemperatureLoad
Uniform
TemperatureLoad
Uniform
TemperatureLoad
Uniform
TemperatureLoad
Uniform
TemperatureLoad
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK
From: 1301 2301 3301 101 201
To: 1344 2344 3312 105 205
Step: 1 1 1 1 1
Alpha (1/C): 1.00e-5 1.00e-5 1.00e-5 1.00e-5 1.00e-5
DT-G (C): 20 20 20 20 20
DT-Y (C): 0 0 0 0 0
H-Y (m): 0 0 0 0 0
DT-Z (C): 0 0 0 0 0
H-Z (m): 0 0 0 0 0
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK
For the later calculation of the temperature gradient an empty Load Set has to be d e-
fined. By using the action TempVar in the Construction schedule the equivalent forces
according to the defined temperature gradient in GPwill be written into this loadingSet. Create one LSet which has to be assigned to one Load Case. The name of the
load case is specified as LC0032.
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5.3 Definition of Wind Load Cases
There are two sets of wind loading defined for wind without traffic and including traf-
fic. The Load Sets 41 and 43 are the Load Sets for wind without traffic (wind direction
directly on MG1 and indirectly on MG2). The Load Sets 42 and 44 are calculated with-
out traffic (from the other side, directly on MG2 and indirectly on MG1).
Areas that are directly loaded by wind are loaded with 1.6 kN/m2and areas that are indi-
rectly loaded with 1.1 kN/m2. In addition the calculated intensity of the wind loading is
multiplied with a factor of q=1.1 for wind without traffic and with a factor q=0.55 for
wind including traffic.
Under CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION LCASE a load
case for wind loading may be defined.
LCA
dd.
Loads-
Wind
Lastfall:Lastfall:
LC0041
Insert: Bottom Table Bottom Table Bottom Table Bottom Table
Loading: Uniform Load Uniform Load Uniform Load Uniform Load
Load Type:Uniform eccentric
element load
Uniform eccentric
element load
Uniform eccentric
element load
Uniform eccentric
element load
Confirm: OK OK OK OK
From: 1301 2301 101 201
To: 1344 2344 105 205
Step: 1 1 1 1
Qx: 0 0 0 0
Qy: 0 0 0 0
Qz: 3.43 2.57 13.07 13.07
Direction: Local Local Local Local
Eccentricity: Local Local Local Local
Ey: 0 0 0 0
Ez: 0 0 0 0
Load application: Real length Real length Real length Real length
Definition: Qz Load mult. by heightConfirm: OK OK OK OK
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LCA
dd
.Loads-Wind
Load Case:Load Case:
LC0042
Insert: Bottom Table Bottom Table Bottom Table Bottom Table
Loading: Uniform Load Uniform Load Uniform Load Uniform Load
Load Type: Uniform eccentric element load
Confirm: OK OK OK OK
From: 1301 2301 101 201
To: 1344 2344 105 205
Step: 1 1 1 1
Qx: 0 0 0 0
Qy: 0 0 0 0
Qz: 1.1 1.1 6.53 6.53Direction: Local Local Local Local
Eccentricity:Local +
Y-Elem Ecc
Local +
Y-Elem EccLocal Local
Ey: 1.25 1.25 0 0
Ez: 0 0 0 0
Load application: Real length Real length Real length Real length
Definition: Qz Load mult. by height
Confirm: OK OK OK OK
LC
Add.
Loads-Wind
Load Case:Load Case:
LC0043
Insert: Bottom Table Bottom Table Bottom Table Bottom Table
Loading: Uniform Load Uniform Load Uniform Load Uniform Load
Load Type: Uniform eccentric element load
Confirm: OK OK OK OK
From: 1301 2301 101 201
To: 1344 2344 105 205
Step: 1 1 1 1
Qx: 0 0 0 0
Qy: 0 0 0 0
Qz: -2.57 -3.43 -13.07 -13.07
Direction: Local Local Local Local
Eccentricity: Local Local Local LocalEy: 0 0 0 0
Ez: 0 0 0 0
Load application: Real length Real length Real length Real length
Definition: Qz Load mult. by height
Confirm: OK OK OK OK
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LCA
dd.L
oads-Wind
Load Case:Load Case:
LC0044
Insert:Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Loading:Uniform
LoadUniform
LoadUniform
LoadUniform
LoadUniform
LoadUniform
Load
Load Type: Uniform eccentric element load
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
From: 1301 2301 1301 2301 101 201
To: 1344 2344 1344 2344 105 205
Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1
Qx: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Qy: 0 0 0 0 0 0Qz: -1.29 -1.72 -1.1 -1.1 -6.53 -6.53
Direction: Local Local Local Local Local Local
Eccentricity: Local LocalLocal +
Y-Elem
Ecc
Local +Y-Elem
Ecc
Local Local
Ey: 0 0 1.25 1.25 0 0
Ez: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Load application:Real
length
Real
length
Real
length
Real
length
Real
length
Real
length
Definition:Qz Load mult. by
hight
Qz Load mult. by
height
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
5.4 Calculation of Additional Loadings
UnderCONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION a
new stage called 100 may be defined.
ActionsS
tage
100
Construction Stage:
ConstructionStage:
Stage100
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
Action:Calcula-tion (Static)
Calcula-tion (Static)
Calcula-tion (Static)
Calcula-tion (Static)
Type: Calc Calc Calc Calc
Input 1: LC0021 LC0022 LC0023 LC0024
Input 2: - - - -
Input 3: - - - -
Output 1: - - - -
Select the (upper) ap-
pend button to open the
input window for theconstruction stage defi-
nition. Input 100 for
the number. Input Ad-
ditional loads for the
description. All ele-ments are already acti-
vated!
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Output 2: 0 0 0 0
Delta-T: 21 22 23 24
Description: - - - -Confirm: OK OK OK OK
Confirm
ActionsS
tage100
Construction Stage:
ConstructionStage:
Stage100
Insert:Bottom
List
Bottom
List
Bottom
List
Bottom
List
Bottom
List
Bottom
List
Bottom
List
Action:Calcu-
lation
(Static)
Calcu-
lation
(Static)
Calcu-
lation
(Static)
Calcu-
lation
(Static)
Calcu-
lation
(Static)
Calcu-
lation
(Static)
Calcu-
lation
(Static)
Type: Calc TempVar Calc Calc Calc Calc Calc
Input 1: Calc Calc Calc Calc Calc Calc Calc
Input 2: LC0031 TEMP+ LC0032 LC0041 LC0043 LC0042 LC0044
Input 3: - - - - - - -
Output 1: - LS0032 - - - - -
Output 2: - - - - - - -
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
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6 Superposition of Additional Loadings
Open the construction schedule input window with CONSTR.SCHED and STAGE
DEFINITONS and ACTIVATION
ActionsS
tage101
Construction Stage:
ConstructionStage:
Stage101
Insert: Stage101Bottom
List
Bottom
List
Bottom
List
Bottom
List
Action:
LC/Enve
lope
action
LC/Enve
lope
action
LC/Enve
lope
action
LC/Enve
lope
action
LC/Enve
lope
action
Type: SupInitSup-
AndLcSupOrLc SupOrLc SupOrLc
Input 1: - settle.sup settle.sup settle.sup settle.sup
Input 2: - LC0021 LC0022 LC0023 LC0024
Input 3: - - - - -
Output 1: settle.sup - - - -
Output 2: - - - - -
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK
Select the (upper) ap-
pend button to open the
input window for the
construction stage defi-
nition. Input 101 for
the number. Input Su-perposition of addi-
tional loads for the
description. All ele-
ments are already acti-
vated!
Confirm
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ActionsS
tage101
Construction Stage:
ConstructionStage:
Stage101
Insert: Stage101
Action: LC/Envelope action
Type:Su-
pOrLcSupInit
Su-
pAndXLc
SupInitSu-
pAndLcSu-
pOrLcSupInit
Su-pOrLc
Input 1:set-
tle.sup-
Temp_u
ni-
form.sup
-Wind-
wot.sup
Wind-
wot.sup-
Wind-
t.sup
Input 2: LC0024 - LC0031 - LC0041 LC0043 - LC0044
Input 3: - - - - - - - -
Output 1: -Temp_u
ni-form.sup
-Wind-
wot.sup- -
Wind-
t.sup-
Output 2: - - - - - - - -
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Using RMSets resp. PlotContainer plot diagrams and structure plots may be made at
any time in the Construction schedule.
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7 Traffic
7.1 Traffic Definition
The live load calculation is defined according to the Austrian Standard OENORM B4002
including the rules of the RVS. Therefore also heavy trucks with 200to and 150to have to
be considered. The following pictures show the different loading positions that have to be
taken into account.
Load train 1 (Lane uniform load + Truck 250KN):
Load train 2 (Uniform load 2.5m q=-6.29 kN/m2):
Load train 3 (Sidewalk uniform load 1.0m):
3.0m1.5m 1.5m
2*4.0 to 2*8.5 to
Traffic uniform Load
Traffic uniform Load
Lane relative to
1 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= 0.000 - - - -
2 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 0.000 - - - -
El - 302 303 304 to 344 345 346 -
x/L - 0.000 0.357 0.739 1.000 -
4 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= -1.625 - - - -
5 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 1.625 - - - -
El - - 303 304 to 344 345 346 -
x/L - - 0.0715 0.3572 0.5556 -
El - 302 303 304 to 344 345 - -
x/L - 0.444 0.643 0.929 - -
El - 302 303 304 to 344 - - -
x/L - 0.000 0.357 - -
El - - - 304 to 344 345 346 347
x/L - - - 0.107 0.167 0.375
El 301 302 303 304 to 344 345 - -
x/L 0.000 0.556 0.714 0.000 - -
23 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 0.625 - - - -
El 301 302 303 304 to 344 - - -
x/L 0.625 0.833 0.893 - - -
El - - 303 304 to 344 345 346 347
x/L - - 0.000 0.286 0.444 0.000
33 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= -0.625 - - - -
Cross beams
Cross beams
Cross beams
Cross beams
Cross beams0.917
0.222Cross beams
11
12
13
21
22
31
32
0.722
0.500
0.083
0.778
Lane definitions - eccentricities and x/L values for Lanes defined relative
to secondary girders
ELEMENTS
0.500
0.2778
Cross beams3
Cross beams
Traffic uniform Load
mkNmmkNq /72.475.0/29.6 2
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Load train 3 (rest area uniform load 1.25 m):
The position of the lanes are already shown in chapter1.2.2 Live Load.The combination
of the lanes and the Load trains defined above are specified in the Construction schedulewith the function LiveL.
The results from the traffic loading analysis must be compared and combined in order to
achieve the most critical result. The results from the different load trains acting on each
individual lane are first combined according to the code and the most critical of the results
of all defined and calculated lane settings will be compared (SupOr) to get the most criti-
cal traffic loading file traffic.sup.
Traffic uniform Load
mkNmmkNq /86.725.1/29.62
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7.2 Traffic Lanes
The following table shows you the definition of lanes relative to the main girders resp.
relative to cross girders. The exact position of the lane at each cross member will be re-
flected by the x/L values, Because of the different length of cross girders at the begin and
at the end of the structure we get also different values for x/L shown in this table.
Select (lower left function list) to open the lane input window.
The upper table in this window lists all the defined traffic lanes, the lower table lists the
properties of the selected lane (point on the lane for evaluation).
Lane relative to
1 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= 0,000 - - - -
2 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 0,000 - - - -El - 302 303 304 to 344 345 346 -
x/L - 0,000 0,357 0,739 1,000 -
4 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= -1,625 - - - -
5 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 1,625 - - - -El - - 303 304 to 344 345 346 -
x/L - - 0,071 0,357 0,556 -
El - 302 303 304 to 344 345 - -
x/L - 0,444 0,643 0,929 - -
El- 302 303 304 to 344 - - -x/L - 0,000 0,357 - -
El - - - 304 to 344 345 346 347
x/L - - - 0,107 0,167 0,375
El 301 302 303 304 to 344 345 - -
x/L 0,000 0,556 0,714 0,000 - -
23 MG2 El 2301 to 2344 ez= 0,625 - - - -El 301 302 303 304 to 344 - - -
x/L 0,625 0,833 0,893 - - -
El - - 303 304 to 344 345 346 347
x/L - - 0,000 0,286 0,444 0,000
33 MG1 El 1301 to 1344 ez= -0,625 - - - -
Cross beams
Cross beams
Cross beams
Cross beams
Cross beams0,917
0,222Cross beams
11
12
13
21
22
31
32
0,722
0,500
0,083
0,778
Lane definitions - eccentricities and x/L values for Lanes defined
relative to secondary girders
ELEMENTS
0,500
0,2778
Cross beams3
Cross beams
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Change to CONSTRCUTION SCHEDULE and LOAD DEFINITION LANEwhere lane definitions may be specified.
LaneInput
Lane:Lane:
1 2 3 4
Insert: Bottom Table
Macro: 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 2
Eccentricity: Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl
El-from: 1301 2301 302 303 304 345 346 1301
El-to: 1344 2344 302 303 344 345 346 1344
El-Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
X/L: - - 0 0.357 0.5 0.739 1 -
ey [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ez [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.625
Phi]: 1.33- 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1
Ndiv: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
LaneInput
Lane:Lane:
5 11 12
Insert: Bottom Table
Macro: 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Eccentricity: Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl YglEl-from: 2301 303 304 345 346 302 303 304
El-to: 2344 303 344 345 346 302 303 344
El-Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
X/L: - 0.0715 0.2777 0.3572 0.5556 0.444 0.643 0.7222
ey [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ez [m]: 1.625 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Phi]: 1 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17
Ndiv: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
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LaneInput
Lane:
Lane:
12 13 21
Insert: Bottom Table
Macro: 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Eccentricity: Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl
El-from: 345 302 303 304 304 345 346 347
El-to: 345 302 303 344 344 345 346 347
El-Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
X/L: 0.929 0 0.357 0.5 0.0833 0.107 0.167 0.375
ey [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ez [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Phi]: 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17
Ndiv: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Lane
Input
Lane:Lane:
22 23 31
Insert:Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Macro: 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3
Eccentricity: Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl
El-from: 301 302 303 304 345 2301 301 302
El-to: 301 302 303 344 345 2344 301 302El-Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
X/L: 0 0.556 0.714 0.778 0 0.625 0.625 0.833
ey [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ez [m]:
Phi]: 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33
Ndiv: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
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LaneInput
Lane:
Lane:
31 32 33
Insert:Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Macro: 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2
Eccentricity: Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl Ygl
El-from: 303 304 303 304 345 346 347 1301
El-to: 303 344 303 344 345 346 347 1344
El-Step: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
X/L: 0.893 0.917 0.00 0.222 0.286 0.444 0.00 -
ey [m]: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ez [m]: 0 0 0 -0.625
Phi]: 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33
Ndiv: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
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7.3 Traffic Loads
Change to CONSTRCUTION SCHEDULE and LOAD DEFINITION LTRAIN
where the intensity of load trains may be specified.
LTrainIn
put
Lane:Lane:
1 2 3
Description:Description:
Lane uniform load + Truck 250KN
Lane unif.load 2.5mq=-6.29kN/m2
Sidewalkuniform
load
Insert: BottomTable
BottomTable
BottomTable
BottomTable
BottomTable
BottomTable
BottomTable
Q [kN/m]: -15.73 - - - -15.73 -15.73 -4.72
F [kN]: - -80 -170 0 - - -
AASHTO: - - - - - - -
Free Length: - - -
L-from: - 1.5 3.0 1.5 - - -
L-to: - 1.5 3.0 1.5 - - -
L-step: - 1.5 3.0 1.5 - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
LTrainInput
Lane:Lane:
4 11 12
Description:Description:
uniformload of restarea 1.25m
Special vehicle 200t - 20m Special vehicle 150t - 20m
Insert:Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Q [kN/m]: -7.86 - - - - - -
F [kN]: - -5019 entries
using
-100
-50 -5014 entries
using
-100
-50
AASHTO: - - - - - - -
Free Length: - - - - - -L-from: - 1 1 0 1 1 0
L-to: - 1 1 0 1 1 0
L-step: - 1 1 0 1 1 0
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
The live load definition is now complete.
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7.4 Traffic CalculationThe results of the live load traffic calculation will be stored in a superposition file. The
superposition file must be initialised (set to zero) before starting the calculation! For each
combination of LANE with LTRAIN a superposition file has to be initialised.
Select CONSTRCUTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIVATION AND DEFINI-
TIONS and insert a new stage 102.
CS-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert:BottomTable
BottomTable
BottomTable
BottomTable
BottomTable
BottomTable
BottomTable
Action:Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Type: Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl
Input 1: 1 2 3 4 5 11 12
Input 2: - - - - - - -
Input 3: - - - - - - -
Output 1: - - - - - - -
Output 2: * * * * * * *
Delta-T: - - - - - - -
Description: - - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
CS
-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert:Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Bottom
Table
Action:Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Calc.
Static
Type: Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl Infl
Input 1: 13 21 22 23 31 32 33
Input 2: - - - - - - -
Input 3: - - - - - - -
Output 1: - - - - - - -
Output 2: * * * * * * *
Delta-T: - - - - - - -
Description: - - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
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Initialisation of superposition files:
CS-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: LC/Envelope actions
Type: SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit
Input 1: - - - - -
Input 2: - - - - -
Input 3: - - - - -
Output 1: SV11.sup SV12.sup SV21.sup SV22.sup SV31.sup
Output 2: - - - - -
Delta-T: - - - - -Description: - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK
CS-
Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: LC/Envelope actions
Type: SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit
Input 1: - - - - -
Input 2: - - - - -
Input 3: - - - - -
Output 1: GW43.sup GW53.sup SV32.sup SFZ200-11.sup SFZ200-12.sup
Output 2: - - - - -
Delta-T: - - - - -
Description: - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK
CS-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: LC/Envelope actionsType: SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit
Input 1: - - - - -
Input 2: - - - - -
Input 3: - - - - -
Output 1: SFZ200-13.sup SFZ150-21.sup SFZ150-22.sup SFZ150-23.sup SFZ150-31.sup
Output 2: - - - - -
Delta-T: - - - - -
Description: - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK
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CS-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: LC/Envelope actions
Type: SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit
Input 1: - - - - -
Input 2: - - - - -
Input 3: - - - - -
Output 1: SFZ150-32.sup SFZ150-33.sup Traffic.sup SV1.sup SV2.sup
Output 2: - - - - -
Delta-T: - - - - -
Description: - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK
C
S-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: LC/Envelope actions
Type: SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit SupInit
Input 1: - - - - -
Input 2: - - - - -
Input 3: - - - - -
Output 1: SFZ200-1.sup SFZ200-2.sup SFZ200-3.sup SFZ150-1.sup SFZ150-2.sup
Output 2: - - - - -
Delta-T: - - - - -
Description: - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK
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RM Bridge Traffic
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 7-13
Bentley Systems Austria
Calculate the traffic loading results:
CS-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: Calc. Static
Type: LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL
Input 1: 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 11
Input 2: 1 1 1 3 3 2 2 11
Input 3: - - - - - - - -
Output 1: SV11.sup SV22.sup SV31.sup GW43.sup GW53.sup SV12.sup SV21.supSFZ200-
11.sup
Output 2: * * * * * * * *Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
CS-T
raffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: Calc. Static
Type: LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL LiveL
Input 1: 12 13 21 22 23 31 32 33
Input 2: 11 11 12 1 4 12 1 4Input 3: - - - - - - - -
Output 1:SFZ200-12.sup
SFZ200-13.sup
SFZ150-21.sup
SFZ150-22.sup
SFZ150-23.sup
SFZ150-31.sup
SFZ150-32.sup
SFZ150-33.sup
Output 2: * * * * * * * *
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
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RM Bridge Traffic
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 7-14
Bentley Systems Austria
7.5 Traffic SuperpositionAdd following actions into stage 102.
Note: For advanced users please think of the possibility to use the IMPORT/EXPORT functionality andmodify ascii-Files to speed up your input procedure!
CS-T
raffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: Calc. Static
Type: SupAddSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAddSup
Input 1: SV1.sup SV1.sup SV1.sup SV1.sup SV1.sup SV2.sup
Input 2: SV11.sup SV22.sup SV31.sup GW43.sup GW53.sup SV12.supInput 3: - -
Output 1:
Output 2: * * * * * *
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
CS-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert:Bottom Table
Action: Calc. Static
Type: SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAddSup SupAndSup
Input 1: SV2.sup SV2.sup SV2.sup SV2.sup SFZ200-1.sup SFZ200-1.sup
Input 2: SV21.sup SV31.sup GW43.sup GW53.sup SFZ200-11.sup GW43.sup
Input 3: - - - - -
Output 1:
Output 2: * * * * * *
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAddSup SupAndSup
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
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RM Bridge Traffic
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 7-15
Bentley Systems Austria
CS-Traffic
Stage:
Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: Calc. Static
Type: SupAndSup SupAddSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAddSup SupAndSup
Input 1:SFZ200-
1.sup
SFZ200-
2.sup
SFZ200-
2.sup
SFZ200-
2.sup
SFZ200-
3.sup
SFZ200-
3.sup
Input 2: GW53.supSFZ200-
12.supGW43.sup GW53.sup
SFZ200-
13.supGW43.sup
Input 3:
Output 1:
Output 2: * * * * * *
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - -Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
C
S-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: Calc. Static
Type: SupAndSup SupAddSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup
Input 1:SFZ200-
3.sup
SFZ150-
1.sup
SFZ150-
1.sup
SFZ150-
1.sup
SFZ150-
1.sup
SFZ150-
1.sup
Input 2: GW53.supSFZ150-21.sup
SFZ150-22.sup
SFZ150-23.sup
GW43.sup GW53.sup
Input 3:
Output 1:
Output 2: * * * * * *
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
CS-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: Calc. Static
Type: SupAddSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAndSup SupAddSup
Input 1:SFZ150-
2.sup
SFZ150-
3.sup
SFZ150-
3.sup
SFZ150-
3.sup
SFZ150-
3.suptraffic.sup
Input 2:SFZ150-31.sup
SFZ150-32.sup
SFZ150-33.sup
GW43.sup GW53.sup SV1.sup
Input 3:
Output 1:
Output 2: * * * * * *
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
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RM Bridge Traffic
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 7-16
Bentley Systems Austria
CS-Traffic
Stage:Stage:
TRAFFIC
Insert: Bottom Table
Action: Calc. Static
Type: SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup
Input 1: traffic.sup traffic.sup traffic.sup traffic.sup traffic.sup traffic.sup
Input 2: SV2.supSFZ200-
1.sup
SFZ200-
2.sup
SFZ200-
3.sup
SFZ150-
1.sup
SFZ150-
2.sup
Input 3:
Output 1:
Output 2: * * * * * *
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - -Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
Plot diagrams can be made at any time in the Construction schedule.by setting a new
RMSet for each individual plot. When creating RMSets the function Copy is very
useful.
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RM Bridge Load Combinations
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 8-1
Bentley Systems Austria
8 Load Combinations
Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION COMB to open the
Combination input screen.
24 different columns can be used. Each combination is calculated from the sum of its
column entries. Additionally its possible to change the combination type.
Insert several combinations for the calcualation of loading combinations according to
SLS and ULS. The used factors for these combinations are shown in chapter1.3.
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RM Bridge F ibre Stress Check
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 9-1
Bentley Systems Austria
9 Fibre Stress Check
Select PROPERTIESCROSS SECTION to look at the defined stress-
check points in the cross sections. These stress points will be shown separately forevery part of the composite.
The upper table in this window lists all the cross sections defined for the project. The
lower table lists all the reinforcement, stress and temperature points (RefSets).
The stress check points and reinforcement points are created by using the intersec-
tion of two straight lines. A variation from this point can additionally be defined. All
these points are already defined in GP. Its also possible to define further additionalpoints in RM.
9.1 Definition of the Stress Limits
Under PROPERTIES MATERIAL DATA the stress limits may be defined. There
exist the possibility to define more limits for different checks. Every individual defini-
tion is specified by one compressive and one tensile limit.
Note: If the limits are exceeded (during a caclualtion of a fibre stress check), the program wi llgive a message. These stress limit groups can also shown in the plot file.
The following picture shows the input of the stress limits for steel.
In this example the stress limits for steel BSt_550 are taken as 160000kN/m2for pres-
sure and 160000kN/m2for tension. For FE_360 the stress limits for longitudinal stresses
are limited with/+213000kN/m2.
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RM Bridge F ibre Stress Check
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 9-2
Bentley Systems Austria
9.2 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule
Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIVATION AND DEFINI-
TIONS to insert the necessary actions (stage 103).
C
S
Stage:Stage:
103
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
Action:LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
Type: SupComb SupComb SupComb SupComb SupInit SupAddSup
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
Input 1: 1 2 3 4 Comb.supInput 2: - - - - - Comb1.sup
Input 3: - - - - -
Output 1: Comb1.sup Comb2.sup Comb3.sup Comb4.sup Comb.sup
Output 2: - - - - - *
Delta-T: - - - - - 0
Description: - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
CS
Stage:Stage:
103
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
Action:LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
Type: SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup FibSup FibSup FibSup
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
Input 1: Comb.sup Comb.sup Comb.sup Comb1.sup Comb2.sup Comb3.sup
Input 2: Comb2.sup Comb3.sup Comb4.sup 1 1 1
Input 3:
Output 1:
Output 2: * * *Fib-
comb1.lst
Fib-
comb2.lst
Fib-
comb3.lst
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - -Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
Finally create some plot files to watch all the stress results.
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RM Bridge Ul timate Load Check
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 10-1
Bentley Systems Austria
10 Ultimate Load Check
At the begin its necessary to define reinforcement groups. If they are already defined in
GPyou only have to edit the material properties in the way that an ultimate load check ispossible (stress/strain diagram has to be specified). Normally these stress strain diagrams
are already predefined in the TDV material data base.
Plese note that for the stress/strain digrams used for the ultimate load check secu-
rity factors on the material side have to be included in these diagrams.
If necessary select PROPERTIES ATTR.SET to modify the Material of the rein-
forcement groups.
10.1 Strain/Stress Values
10.1.1 Reinfo rc emen t: BSt_550
10.1.2 Conc rete: Ty pe C 30/37
If the stress/strain curve isnt defined for the chosen material:
Select PROPERTIESMATERIAL DATA to modify the reinforcement material.
Select the material BSt_550
Clicking on the Modify button the material properties may be changed or extended.
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RM Bridge Ul timate Load Check
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 10-2
Bentley Systems Austria
Click on the check box of Ultimate on the right side of the window and click also the
check box Values. Now the list of values for the stress strain diagram opens. By click-
ing the Insert after button on the right side of the stress/strain list you can specify new
entries.
10.2 Reinforcement Definition
Select STRUCTURE ELEMENT DATA AND PROPERTIES to specify
resp. modify the reinforcement area for elements.
Defining the assignment of the reinforcement to the structural elements for the cross sec-tions is displayed in the bottom table.
Click on the line for element 1201in the top table. Select the edit button for the bottom table to activate the assignment of rei n-
forcement area in the bottom table of the input window.
Input the element series and the reinforcement area (Al, fix area of reinforce-ment at element begin and end) for this reinforcement group (REINF).
As default the type is specified as VAR to calculate the additional area of rein-forcement if necessary for reinforced concrete design.
Modify the values to those shown adjunct table.
EL 12011244 Al=0.002 m2
EL 22012244 Al=0.002 m2
Confirm with .
For all other elements (Pier elements, cross members) change the check status (in the upper
table) to NO, because in this example we only look at the checks of the main girders.
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RM Bridge Ul timate Load Check
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 10-3
Bentley Systems Austria
10.3 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule
Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIVATION AND DEFINI-
TIONS to insert the necessary actions (create new stage 104 before).
CSUltim
ateState
Stage:Stage:
104
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
Action:LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
Type: SupComb SupComb SupComb SupComb SupComb SupInit
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
Input 1: 5 6 7 8 9Input 2: - - - - -
Input 3: - - - - -
Output 1: Comb5.sup Comb6.sup Comb7.sup Comb8.sup Comb9.sup ULS.sup
Output 2: - - - - - *
Delta-T: - - - - - 0
Description: - - - - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
CSUltimateState
Stage:Stage:
104
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
Action:LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
LC/Envelop
e actions
Type: SupAddSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupInit
Confirm: OK OK OK OK OK OK
Input 1: ULS.sup ULS.sup ULS.sup ULS.sup ULS.sup -
Input 2: Comb5.sup Comb6.sup Comb7.sup Comb8.sup Comb9.sup -
Input 3: - - - - - -
Output 1: ULT.sup
Output 2: * * * * * *
Delta-T: 0 0 0 0 0
Description: - - - - - -
Confirm:OK OK OK OK OK OK
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RM Bridge Ul timate Load Check
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 10-4
Bentley Systems Austria
CSUltimateState
Stage:Stage:
104
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
Action:Check ac-
tions (SUP)
Check ac-
tions (SUP)
Check ac-
tions (SUP)
Type: ReinIni UltSup UltSup
Confirm: OK OK OK
Input 1: - ULS.sup ULS.sup
Input 2: - Rein UltMz
Input 3: - - -
Output 1: - - ULT.sup
Output 2: - * *
Delta-T: - - -
Description: - - -
Confirm: OK OK OK
Plot diagrams can be made at any time in the Construction schedule.by setting a new
RMSet for each individual plot. When creating RMSets the function copy is very use-
ful.
Select RECALC to open the input window for global project calculation
property definitions.
Insert the load case LC1000 into SumLC.
Recalculate the structure
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RM Bridge Shear and Equivalent Stresses for Steel
Training Composite Grillage RM - NORM 11-5
11 Shear and Equivalent Stresses for Steel
For steel structures also the principal, equivalent stresses are of interest. In this chapter
the necessary input for this calculation is shown. Make sure that for the calculation of the
stresses several stress points have to be defined in GPbefore. Generally different types ofcalculations may be chosen. Following possibilities are available:
Principal Stresses Equivalent von Mises Stresses Equivalent Shear Hypothesis Stresses Shear StressesY- Direction Shear StressesZ Direction
Normally, and also in this example the Equivalent von Mises Stresses will be calculated.
Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIVATION AND DEFINI-
TIONS to insert the necessary actions (create new stage 105 befo re).
CSUltimateState
Stage:Stage:
104
Insert: Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List Bottom List
Action: Check ac-tions (SUP)
List andPlot actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
Type: PrincSup Plsys Plsys Plsys
Confirm: OK OK OK OK
Input 1: ULS.suppl-shear-H-
FF_T-MG1-A3.rm
pl-shear-H-
FCOM-MG1-A3.rm
pl-shear-H-
FST-MG1-A3.rm
Input 2: Mises - - -
Input 3: - - - -
Output 1: -pl-shear-H-
FF_T-MG2.pl
pl-shear-H-
FCOM-
MG2.pl
pl-shear-H-
FST-MG2.pl
Output 2: * - - -
Delta-T: 0 - - -
Description: - - - -Confirm: OK OK OK OK
Here only some plot files are shown. For shear stresses resp. equivalent stresses plots maybeaded individually.