MIRIAM BALUARTE, BSED II

CHAPTER 3EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND

BIÑAN

The Hero’s First Teacher

Doña Teodora was Jose’s first teacher, who was a remarkable woman of good character and fine culture.

On her lap, Jose learned prayers and the alphabet at the age of three

Private Tutors of Rizal

Maestro Celestino was Jose’s first private tutor

Maestro Lucas Padua was the second private tutor

Maestro Leon Monroy became the hero’s tutor in Spanish and Latin. He was a classmate of Don Francisco.

Jose Goes to Biñan

Don Leon Monroy died five months later and Jose was sent to a private school in Biñan.

June 1869 – Jose goes to Biñan with Paciano

Carromata – the mode of transportation

Aunt’s house – where Jose lodged

First Day in Biñan School

Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz – formal teacher

The school was in Maestro Justiniano’s house

Rizal described Maestro Justiniano as tall, thin, long-necked, sharp-nosed, with a body slightly bent forward

First School Brawl

Jose met the bully, Pedro (the teacher’s son) – wrestled furiously in the classroom

Tio Manuel- Jose learned the art of wrestling from his atheltic.

Andres Salandanan – classmate of Jose challenge him to an arm-wrestling match.

Painting Lessons in Biñan

Old Juancho – who was the father-in-law of the school teacher, freely gave Jose painting and drawing lessons

Jose Rizal and his classmate Jose Guevarra who also love painting, became apprentices of Old Juancho

Daily Life in Biñan

Jose’s daily routine: Hears mass at 4 a.m. or studies

lesson before going to mass Goes to orchard to look for

mabolo to eat Breakfast Goes to class at 10 a.m. Lunch break

Daily Life in Biñan

Goes back to school at 2 p.m. Goes home at 5 p.m. Prays with cousins Studies lessons, then draws a

little Has supper Prays again

Daily Life in Biñan

Plays in the street if moon is bright

Sleeps

Best Student in School

Jose surpassed his classmates in Spanish, Latin and other subjects

His older classmates were jealous and squealed to the teacher whenever he had fights

Jose usually received five or six blows while laid out on a bench

End of Biñan Schooling

December 17, 1870 – Jose left Biñan

Talim – the steamer that Jose rode

Arturo Camps – a Frenchman and a friend of Don Francisco, he took care of Jose during the trip

Martyrdom of GOMBURZA

January 20, 1872 – Cavite mutiny

February 17, 1872 – Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora were implicated and executed

The GOMBURZA were leaders of the secularization movement

The GOMBURZA

Martyrdom of GOMBURZA

The martyrdom of the three priests inspired Rizal to fight the evils of Spanish tyranny

In 1891, Rizal dedicated his second novel El Filibusterismo to GOMBURZA

Injustice to the Hero’s Mother

In 1872, Doña Teodora was arrested on a malicious charge that she aided and her brother, Jose Alberto tried to poison the latter's perfidious wife.

Jose Alberto planned to divorce his wife because of her infidelity.

Injustice to the Hero’s Mother however, the evil wife, with the

connivance of the Spanish lieutenant of the Guardia Civil, filed a case in a court accusing against her husband and Rizal’s mother of attempting to poison her.

Antonio Vivencio del Rosario – gobernadorcillo of Calamba, helped the lieutenant arrest Doña Teodora

Injustice to the Hero’s Mother

50 kilometers – Doña Teodora was made to walk from Calamba to the provincial prison in Santa Cruz

Injustice to the Hero’s Mother

Don Francisco de Marcaida & Don Manuel Mazan – most famous lawyers of Manila, defended Doña Teodora in court

After 2 ½ years – the Royal Audiencia acquitted Doña Teodora

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