River Campus Libraries User Centered Design Process Brenda Reeb, Usability David Lindahl, Digital...
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River Campus Libraries
User Centered Design Process
Brenda Reeb, UsabilityDavid Lindahl, Digital InitiativesSusan Cardinal, Science Libraries
Usability group Design group
Skills and Experience
Content group• Library science• Content• Content providers• User interfaces• Users
• User interface design• Visual design• Web standards• Technology
• Usability testing methods
Usability group Design group
Roles & Responsibilities
Content group• Define key tasks• Raise issues• Manage project
• Create design iterations and prototypes• Respond to issues and test results• Manage issue-response process
• Select appropriate tests to perform• Perform tests• Report results• Manage key-task process
Work Products
key tasks
test results
issue-response
designs
issues
What the user wants to do in the users language.
Product that attempts to support users performing key tasks.
Test results from Usability group and issues from Content group.
Captures test-results and issues, and associates them withappropriate design group responses.
test results
Usability group Design group
Work Products
Content group
key tasksissues
key tasks
issue-response
designs
Meetings
Regular meetings (design usability) Project specific meetings (usability content,
content design)
User Focus
Usability group
Design group
Content group
HighestNo other goal than to represent the user.
MediumCompetes with standards, technology, time and money
MediumCompetes with exhaustive content, complex tasks
Group User Focus
Content Group
Multiple content groups, one for each project Any number of members (1-?) Every department participates - cataloging,
circulation, reference, etc. Created and disbanded as needed
Content Group
Content group activities: Define key tasks Select appropriate content Apply experience and education Observe some tests Interpret usability results Raise issues, not design solutions
Content Group
What is a key task?
Key tasks are defined as frequently asked items, frequent actions or navigation to parent/child pages.
Example key tasks:
• Find a known article.• Find a known journal.• Find an article on a specific topic.• Find articles on a multidisciplinary topic.• Find a specific journal collection.
Content Group
Find Articles Group
Acted as content group Collected issues Categorized these issues
Technology issues (website, SFX, ILL, Databases OPAC) Building, shelving & organizational Issues Subscription issues Citation problems Basic research help Librarians
Created scenarios Assigned issues to various other groups…
Design Group
Reorganized in 2001 Lives in the Digital Initiatives Unit
¼ FT UI designer (MS, Computer Science) 1 FTE graphic designer (BA, Graphic Design) 1 FTE developer
Responsibilities UI Design and prototyping Style guidelines Issue/response process
Design Group
Perspective on Site Design “Hide the technology” Consistency across library website Task-oriented pathways Usability testing results
Perspective on Page Design Essential components Prioritize Simplify Style guidelines
Universal Design Section 508 Web Style Guide Research-Based Web
Design & Usability Guidelines
Page Editors’ Checklist
“Universal design is the design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design.” Ron Mace
Design Group
http://www.section508.gov/ http://webstyleguide.com/
http://usability.gov/guidelines/ http://www.library.rochester.edu/index.cfm?PAGE=623
Style Guidelines
Knowledge of databases
Partial knowledge
No knowledgeneeded
Mapping your search to a subject takes you away from your natural pathFind Articles
Databases by Subject
Databases A-Z
Design Group
User pathways
Design Group
Models For Finding: Google
1. Enter keywords2. Browse results by title
and snippet3. View full text
Design Group
Models For Finding: FRBR
FRBR User Tasks Find Identify Select Acquire
FRBR = Functional Requirements for Bibliographic RecordsMore information: http://www.ifla.org
Usability Group
Usability Program Began 2001 7 staff trained as usability testers Over 20 projects, large and small Testers volunteer for projects Reading, conferences, practice Vendor co-development
Usability Group
Usability team activities: Manage key task process Design and conduct tests Maintain a “lab” Communicate results to staff and public
Key task Test question
Find a known journal
Find an article in the Journal of Fish Biology.
Find a journal collection
Your friend told you there is a collection of political science journals called JSTOR. Where is it?
Usability Group
Manage key task process
Usability Group
Design and conduct tests Mental model test Heuristic test Card sort test Assessment test (Click path) Scenario test
See Jeff Rubin “Handbook of Usability Testing”, Wiley, 1994
Students say:“I need an article!”
Librarians say: “Select a database” “This database has 435 journals in it.” “These journals are peer reviewed.” “Choose basic or advanced.” “These journals predate the Civil War.”
Culture and Politics
Culture and Politics
Student culture
Connect at courses, not at academic disciplines Meet them where they are
Students attend POL250 – “Conflict in Democracies” They do not relate to Political Science. They do not envision themselves as political scientists.
Sustainability Distributed workload (all bibliographers participate) Dynamic, database-driven pages
Culture and Politics
Expect these accusations! Simple designs dumb down the site Testing 3 users is not enough “I have to wonder if usability testing - especially
for money - proves very useful input” No one told me about this Where is your report? This is so subjective!
Culture and Politics
Try these responses: Inform
Page design process document Don’t leave home without the toolkit
Neilson’s Alert Boxes Pages from Krug’s Don’t Make Me Think
Engage Observe tests Publish results