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Risk & Protective Factors in the Latinx Community

Risk & Protective Factors in the LatinxCommunity

This training was made possible through funding from Grant Number 6U79SP023012-01M001

Disclaimer: The views, opinions, and content expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views, opinions or policies of the National Latino Behavioral Health

Association (NLBHA), the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP), or the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA).

Presented by: Michael Davis & Mary Kate Chapman, GUIDE

Housekeeping

• The Recording and PPT Slide Deck

• All Lines Muted

• Q&A Session- Q&A Box

• Post-Training Evaluation- External Link

Our Mission

The Mission and Goal of The National Latino Behavioral Health

Association is to influence national behavioral health policy,

eliminate disparities in funding and access to services, and

improve the quality of services and treatment outcomes for Latino

populations.

Our Objective is to provide National leadership on mental health and substance abuse concerns of the Latino community. NLBHA’s Policy Priorities are:

1. Targeted Capacity Expansion of Mental Health Services for Latinos

2. Latino Behavioral Health Evidenced Based Practices

3. Legislation to increase the number of Counselors/Therapists/Other

Behavioral Health Practitioners

4. Funding for Co-Occurring Disorders of Alcohol and Substance Abuse

5. Opioid Crisis in the Latino Community

6. Suicide Prevention

National Hispanic and Latino Prevention Technology Transfer Center

Pierluigi Mancini, PhD, MAC

Project Director

Dolka Michelle Zelaya, PCS

Project Coordinator

Priscila Giamassi

Executive Admin. Assistant

Risk & Protective Factors

in the Latinx Community

Mary Kate ChapmanAssociate Executive Director,

Positive Youth Development

Michael W. DavisAssociate Executive Director,

Prevention

Who is GUIDE?• Nonprofit based in Gwinnett

County, GA

• Prevention • Underage Drinking

• Vaping/Tobacco

• Opioid Misuse & Abuse

• Suicide Prevention

• Positive Youth Development• Georgia Teen Institute

• Youth Leadership Summit

• Georgia Afterschool & Youth Development

Gwinnett County • One of US’s fasting-growing

counties for the past 20 years

• 2019 Est. Population: 936,250

• Demographics (2010 Census) • 54.5% White• 29.3% Black or African American• 12.4% Asian • 2.8% Multiracial • 21.5% Hispanic or Latino

• Largest school system in Georgia and 14th largest in US

• Houses a technical college, four-year university and post graduate medical college

Choose the best answer from the list below, and type your answer in the chat box.

Why is it important to

understand Risk & Protective

Factors?

A. They can help you intervene in a crisis situation.

B. They can help you design your programs and services to best empower youth.

C. They are not important to understand in youth-serving programs.

D. Risk factors are unimportant, but protective factors can be helpful.

Risk Factors

Attitudes, beliefs, behaviors and circumstances that put

individuals at risk for substance abuse

The more risk factors, the more likely an individual will

engage in problem behaviors

By reducing, buffering or eliminating risk factors, the

individual becomes less vulnerable

Six Domains of Risk Factors

▪ Individual

▪ Family

▪ Peer

▪ School

▪ Community

▪ Society*

*Does not interact

with the individual

Individual Risk Factors

Uncontrollable Variables

▪ Genetic predisposition (family history of alcoholism)

▪ Age (early adolescence through young adulthood)

▪ Gender (doesn’t appear associated with increased risk)

Controllable Variables▪ Attitudes, beliefs, skills and behaviors

Family Risk Factors

▪ Family situations

▪ Family management

▪ Family history of problem behaviors

What about single parent families?

▪ Often assumed to be a risk factor

▪ Not shown by research to be

a risk factor

▪ May lead to other risk factors because of increased stress,

economic factors, a parent’s use of alcohol or other drugs

What about Latinx families?

▪ Generational Status

▪ Familism

▪ Language learning and immersion

▪ Loss of cultural identity in the family or children

▪ Political Ideology

o Immigration and other policies

Peer Risk Factors

▪ Associations

▪ Peer Pressure

▪ Assimilation Pressure

o Peer & Self

School Risk Factors

▪ School climate

▪ Academic performance

▪ Transitions

▪ ESOL programs and language immersion

Community Risk Factors

▪ Economic and social problems

▪ Presence of drugs and crime

▪ Lack of opportunities

▪ Political ideology

Societal Risk Factors

▪ Media messages

▪ Social and economic situations

▪ Political ideology

Choose the best answer from the list below, and type your answer in the chat box.

What are the six domains of Risk

& Protective Factors?

A. Self, School, Media, Community, Family, Society

B. Self, School, Peer, Partnerships, Family, Society

C. Self, School, Peer, Community, Family, Society

D. Self, School, Peer, Community, Family, Global

Relationships Among Risk Factors

▪ Risk factors exist in all areas of life.

▪ The more risk factors there are, the greater the risk.

▪ Common risk factors predict diverse problem behaviors.

Risk Factor ATOD Delinq Teen Preg DropOut

Violence

FAMILY DOMAIN

Family history of problem behavior X X X X X

Family management problems X X X X X

Family conflict X X X X X

Favorable parental attitudes/involvement X X X

INDIVIDUAL & PEER DOMAINS

Early & persistent antisocial behavior X X X X X

Rebelliousness X X X

Friends who engage in problem behavior X X X X X

Gang involvement X X X

Favorable attitudes toward the problem behavior X X X X

Early initiation of problem behavior X X X X X

Constitutional factors X X X

Risk Factor ATOD Delinq Teen Preg DropOut

Violence

SCHOOL DOMAIN

Academic failure beginning in late elementary school X X X X X

Lack of commitment to school X X X X X

COMMUNITY DOMAIN

Availability of alcohol and other drugs X X

Availability of firearms X X

Community laws & norms favorable to alcohol & other drug use, firearms, crime

X X X

Media portrayal s of violence X

Transitions and mobility X X X

Low neighborhood attachment & community disorganization

X X X

Extreme economic deprivation X X X X X

Patterns of Co-occurrence of Risk Behaviors

If at risk in…

Then the likelihood of risk in the following areas is:

Alcohol TobaccoIllicitDrugs

SexualActivity

Depression Suicide

Anti-socialSchool

ProblemsUnsafeDriving

Alcohol--- 42% 27% 70% 33% 49% 23% 86%

Tobacco 66% --- 35% 77% 39% 53% 26% 85%

Illicit Drugs 72% 34% --- 84% 46% 61% 32% 88%

Sexual Activity 49% 34% 22% --- 34% 41%19%

77%

DepressionSuicide

41% 30% 21% 59% --- 38% 18% 73%

AntisocialBehavior

54% 37% 24% 64% 34% --- 22% 82%

SchoolProblems

62% 43% 31% 72% 40% 53% --- 82%

UnsafeDriving

41% 25% 15% 52% 28% 35% 15% ---

Relationships Among Risk Factors

▪ Risk factors show much

consistency in effects across

different races and cultures.

▪ Protective factors may

buffer exposure to risk.

Protective FactorsThe attitudes, beliefs, behaviors and circumstances that build resilience.

Factors that contribute to resilience:

▪ Strong relationship with a parent or caring adult;

▪ Feelings of success and a sense of mastery;

▪ Strong internal and external resources (health, self-esteem, sense of

humor);

▪ Social and problem-solving skills;

▪ Hope, the belief that odds can be overcome with perseverance and

hard work; and

▪ Surviving previous stressful situations.

Individual Protective Factors

▪ Competencies and confidence

▪ Relationships

▪ Engagement

▪ Cultural appreciation

Family Protective Factors

▪ Parenting style

▪ Family relationships

▪ Familism

▪ Culture

Peer Protective Factors

▪ Associations

▪ Involvement

▪ Respect and understanding for cultures and differences

School Protective Factors

▪ School climate

▪ ESOL/ELL Quality Programs

▪ Bilingual Staff

▪ Latinx Teachers and Administrators

▪ Opportunities

Community Protective Factors

▪ Availability and access to resources and support

▪ Bilingual program and services

▪ Cultural respect, representation, and celebrations

▪ Opportunities and standards for youth

Societal Protective Factors

▪ Responsibility in the media

▪ Positive representation in media and politics

▪ Changing consequences

Protective Factors Summary

Protective factors appear to offset risk factors.

People who have multiple protective factors are more

likely than those who lack them to avoid drug use and

make healthy life choices.

Choose the best answer from the list below, and type your answer in the chat box.

What is a good example of using

a Protective Factor to offset a

Risk Factor?

A. Student is having truancy issues, so the school suspends the student.

B. An elementary student is struggling with math, so the teacher takes away his/her recess.

C. The city wants to increase revenue, so it allows more alcohol retail establishments to open in the community.

D. The community is lacking in afterschool opportunities, so a nonprofit starts a free soccer league.

Need to Address Multiple Risk & Protective Factors

Risks exist in multiple life domains.

Individuals are at risk and are at the center of prevention efforts.

Individuals are affected by family, peer, school, community and societal influences.

Prevention programs strengthen protective factors in multiple domains and surround individuals with "protective circles."

Need to Address Multiple Risk & Protective Factors

Programs vary in the range of factors addressed and in intensity

depending upon the target audience.

Selective programs are generally more intense and often address more

risk and protective factors than universal programs, for example.

All current programs should employ strategies proven to be effective in

reducing substance abuse and related problem behaviors or that show

great promise.

A simple premise…

To prevent a problem from happening, we need to:

▪ Identify the factors that increase the risk of that problem

developing.

▪ Find ways to reduce the risk.

▪ Identify factors that buffer individuals from the risk factors

present in their environments.

▪ Find ways to increase these protective factors.

Lesson Learned • Partnerships are key to providing the most culturally competent programs

• Language matters- our office has placed a priority on having staff that can speak multiple languages. We also contract with folks to help out at our events and programs that speak multiple languages.

• Cultural humility is important in our work. There is no way to know everything about every culture, so stay open.

• Images and media matters – we broadcast our messages on English and Spanish speaking stations, publish our banners and billboards multiple languages, and create PSAs in multiple languages.

• Design programs for the most vulnerable populations.

Final question…

What is your top take away from

today’s webinar?

Type your answer in the chat box!

COVID-19 RELATED RESOURCES

SAMHSA’s Disaster Distress Helpline

Toll Free: 1-800-985-5990 (español e inglés)

Text in Spanish: Envíe “Háblanos” al 66746

Text in English: “TalkWithUs” al 66746

(TTY): 1-800-846-8517

English: http://www.disasterdistress.samhsa.gov

Spanish: http://www.samhsa.gov/find-

help/disasterdistress-helpline/espanol

SAMHSA’s National Helpline

Toll-Free: 1-800-662-HELP (24/7/365 Treatment

Referral

Information Service in English and Español)

Website: http://www.samhsa.gov/find-help/national-

helpline

National Suicide Prevention Lifeline

Toll Free: 1-888-628-9454

English: 1-800-273-TALK (8255)

(TTY): 1-800-799-4TTY (4889)

Spanish:

http://www.suicidepreventionlifeline.org/gethelp

/spanish.aspx

English:

http://www.suicidepreventionlifeline.org

SAMHSA Behavioral Health Treatment

Services Locator

Sitio Web: https://findtreatment.gov

COVID-19 RELATED RESOURCES (cont.)

The National Hispanic and Latino Prevention Technology Transfer Center is pleased to

provide new fact sheets on Prevention Tools for Latino Families During COVID-19 to

download and distribute.

This fact sheet has been translated from English to both Spanish and Portuguese.

Please click on the links to access the new fact sheets.

https://pttcnetwork.org/sites/default/files/2020-05/PTTCPrevention-covid-English.pdf

https://pttcnetwork.org/sites/default/files/2020-05/PTTCPrevention-covid-Spanish.pdf

https://pttcnetwork.org/sites/default/files/2020-05/PTTCPrevention-covid-Portuguese.pdf

Risk and Protective Factors: Hispanic Population

https://www.sprc.org/resources-programs/risk-protective-factors-hispanic-populations

Chequeo familiar: La crianza positiva previene el abuso de las drogas

https://www.drugabuse.gov/es/publicaciones/chequeo-familiar/introduccion

Cómo prevenir el uso de drogas en los niños y los adolescentes (segunda edición)

https://www.drugabuse.gov/es/publicaciones/como-prevenir-el-uso-de-drogas/reconocimientos

Video: Factores múltiples que influyen en la adicción

https://www.drugabuse.gov/videos/factores-multiples-que-influyen-en-la-adiccion

DrugFacts: Lecciones aprendidas de las investigaciones sobre la prevención

https://www.drugabuse.gov/es/publicaciones/drugfacts/lecciones-aprendidas-de-las-

investigaciones-sobre-la-prevencion

RESOURCES

For more information about GUIDE contact us at:

Facebook, Instagram, & Twitter:

@guidegti

Website:

guideinc.org

Or directly at:

Mary Kate Chapman, MA, ICPS

Marykate@guideinc.org

Michael W. Davis, Ph.D. CP

Michael@guideinc.org

For more information and FREE training and technical assistance you can

reach us at:

PTTCnetwork.org/hispaniclatino

www.nlbha.org

Or directly at:

Pierluigi Mancini, PhD, MAC Dolka Zelaya Priscila Giamassi

pierluigi@nlbha.org dmzelaya@nlbha.org priscila@nlbha.org

678-883-6118 678-832-7033 678-822-1308

More information at : nlbhconference2020.com

Satisfaction Evaluation

https://bit.ly/poenglish4

Satisfaction Evaluation

Thank you for attending our presentation.

Gracias por atender a nuestra presentación.

Obrigado por participar desta apresentação.