8/18/2019 Risk Factor of i

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RISK FACTOR OF I.H.D

Modifable NON-

•  Age: Four out of five patients with coronary artery disease are 65 years of age or older.

• Gender : Males are at higher risk of myocardial infarction than women, and males are also

more likely to suffer myocardial infarction earlier in l ife.

 

• Family history/race: A family history of heart disease increases the risk of coronary artery

disease and myocardial infarction.

-Modifable

• Smoking : Cigarette smokers are twice as likely to experience myocardial infarction compared

to nonsmokers. !mokers also have a two to four time higher risk of sudden cardiac death "within an

hour of a heart attack#.

• High blood pressure (hypertension ): Alone or in association with o$esity, smoking, high

$lood cholesterol levels or dia$etes, high $lood pressure increases the risk of myocardial infarction

and stroke.

• High blood cholesterol : %igh total and lowdensity lipoprotein "&'& cholesterol# levels and

low %'& cholesterol levels increase the risk of myocardial infarction Cholesterol levels can $e

lowered with dietary(lifestyle modifications such as exercise or medications.

• Obesity : )$esity increases coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke risk.

)$esity increases strain on the heart, raises $lood pressure and cholesterol, and increases dia$etes

risk. *eight reduction can $e achieved with modifications to diet and increased physical activity.

• Diabetes: Approximately twothirds of patients with dia$etes die from heart or $lood vessel

disease. Adults with dia$etes are three to seven times more likely to develop heart disease.

• Lack of physical actiity : +egular exercise reduces the risk of coronary artery disease and

myocardial infarction $y controlling $lood cholesterol levels, decreasing the risk of o$esity or

dia$etes, and lowering $lood pressure levels in some patients.

• Stress: +esearch indicates a possi$le relationship $etween stress and coronary artery

disease, which may lead to myocardial infarction %ypertension "high $lood pressure# and high

cholesterol are associated with stress, as are increased tendencies to smoke, gain weight and(or

decrease physical activity.

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