INSIGHTS Presentation Series

The Rising Interest in Open Source Relational Databases

Chris Foot, VP Technologies and Strategies

Date: 6/22/2017Replacing traditional DBMS licensed products with open source offerings

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* All distributions

We support hundreds of

commercial and open source DBs!

And understand benefits and

weaknesses of both platforms

Lots of Open Source Alternatives

Public Cloud DBaaS

CLOUD

NoSQL

MySQL

PostgreSQL

OPEN

Wide Range of Pricing and Support Services• Pure Open Source

o Most commonly known as Community Editionso No licensing fees o Support provided by community

• Open Source With Professional Support Serviceso No licensing feeso Vendors provide 24x7x365 support for open source offerings

• Open Source Commercial Versionso Vendors start with base code and add additional featureso Link to community editions and push enterprise offeringso Customers purchasing commercial versions take advantage of additional

features and can choose from 24x7x365 support optionso Quickly adopt community edition new releaseso Commercial vendors may/may not contribute their advanced features back to

community (mostly not)

• Pay as You Goo Database Platform as a Service or DBPaaSo All vendors are jumping into the cloudo Cloud providers rent their versions of open source offerings

X

Open SourceDoesn’t Mean

Everything is Free

Why Aren’t We Discussing NoSQL?

March’s RDX Insights Series presentation focused on NoSQLYouTube presentation:https://youtu.be/JbyEglIvLjoSlideshare presentation:https://www.slideshare.net/ChristopherFoot/nosql-architecture-overview

DB-Engines Popularity Trends

http://www.db-engines.com

Open Source Popularity Increasing

Commercial Decreasing

DB-Engines Top 5

http://www.db-engines.com

Big drop in popularity

score between #2 and #3

MySQL score exceeds

SQL Server

Big drop beween #1

and #2

DB-Engines Growth

http://www.db-engines.com

Oracle and MySQL dropping in popularity

PostgreSQL and SQL Server increasing in popularity

PostgreSQL overtakes MongoDB

DB-Engines Popularity By Storage Model

http://www.db-engines.com

Relational 80%

NoSQL 20%

DB-Engines Storage Models (2013 -2017)

http://www.db-engines.com

Popularity leadership changed many times for NoSQL storage models

Relational stays constant at

80%

NoSQL vendors desire to

increase market share will

drive them to compete directly

with relational product

manufacturers

Vendors will add RDBMS-like

functionality that allows their

product to be more widely

adopted. Those that don’t will

quickly lose market share to

those that do

The larger relational vendors

will attempt to co-opt any

NoSQL technology that

challenges their dominant

role in the industry

As they identify offerings as

tangible threats, their

strategy will be to ensure

that the technologies used

by those vendors become a

component of, not a

replacement for, their

traditional database

products

RelationalDBMS

NoSQL DBMS

General PurposeDBMS

The Multi-Model DBMS Engine

Dice InsightsJOB TITLES

INMORE DEMAND

• Runs on Windows and Linux

• ACID compliant, object-relational

• Robust procedural language – PL/pgSQL

• Supports all major programming languages

• Triggers, foreign keys, functions, triggers, views,

materialized views, JSON, key-value, recursive

• Statistics based optimizer, parallel query, secondary

indexes, index-only, range/list partitioning, full text search

• Log shipping, standby, master/slave, multi-master through

open source and commercial add-ons

• Clustering available through open source and commercial

offerings add-ons

• Roles, row-level security, security, labels, SSL, connection

limits, LDAP, Radius

• Point-in-time recovery

• Lots of open source GUI administration tools available

• Rapidly increasing in popularity

• Robust open source development community

• Many commercial support options available

• Number of cloud DBPaaS offerings growing quickly

o Amazon Aurora and Google SQL

• Growing popularity is:

o Increasing vendor competition

o Growing number of vendors offering tools,

integrating their apps with PostgreSQL, offering add-

on features and support services

PostgreSQL

• Robust set of services, administrative tools and add-on

features

• Provides Oracle, SQL Server conversion tools

• EDB Postgres Ark allows users to seamlessly deploy on

public/private clouds

• EDB Postgres Enterprise Manager is monitoring product

• EDB Replication Server provides multi-master

• EDB Failover Manager provides automatic failover

• EDB Postgres Advanced server provides native database

compatibility with Oracle (PL/SQL, built-in packages,

tools)

• EDB Public Cloud is a DBPaaS deployment for Amazon

AWS and Google Compute Platform

PostgreSQL Vendor Offerings

• Increasingly popular cloud development and runtime

platform

• Robust architecture simplifies and accelerates the

development and deployment of cloud based apps

• Robust, scalable, runtime environment with strong

monitoring capabilities

• Built on specialized Linux containers called Dynos which

offer easy scalability

• Dozens of utility add-ons (databases, logging, email,

analytics)

• Offers PostgreSQL as a Service (DBPaaS)

PostgreSQL Vendor Offerings

• PostgreSQL as a Service (DBPaaS)

• Deploy to Amazon AWS, Microsoft

Azure, Google Compute Engine, IBM

Softlayer

• Automated backups, provisioning,

replication configuration, monitoring

tools

• Support for multi-data center and

multi-region

• Plans based on data stored, memory,

CPU, concurrent connections

• Amazon RDS support for Oracle

MySQL, MariaDB

• Announced Aurora’s PostgreSQL

compatibility in April 2017

• States that “all of the code,

applications, drivers and tools you

use today with your PostgreSQL

databases can be used with Amazon

Aurora with no change.”

• Google’s Cloud SQL PostgreSQL

compatibility is currently in beta

• Scales to 32 processors and 200 GB

of RAM

• Still being improved and updated

as of the date of this presentation

• Original codebase was PostgreSQL

• HIGHLY modified for massively

parallel data warehouses

• Continues as open source

• Perennial open source favorite and powerhouse

• Runs on 20 platforms

• Oracle “sponsors” and offers commercial editions

(Classic, Embedded, Standard, Enterprise and Cluster)

• Community releases minor releases every 2 months

• ACID compliant

• Multiple storage engines tailor DB to workloads

• Wide range of GUI admin tools and utilities available

• Supports all major programming languages, JSON

• Triggers, foreign keys, stored procedures, functions,

views

• Statistics based optimizer, secondary indexes, index-only

(covering index), range/list/hash partitioning, full-text

search

• Log shipping, standby, master/slave and multi-

master

• Clustering available through open source and

commercial offerings

• Galera cluster is known to be an excellent open

source clustering solution with support services

available

• Roles, SSL, encryption, security plug-ins

• Point-in-time recovery

MySQL

• Oracle offers following commercial editions (Classic,

Embedded, Standard, Enterprise and Cluster)

• Standard Edition does not have advanced features

(compared to more expensive versions) but does

provide 24x7 support, maintenance releases

• Enterprise Edition offers cloud, Enterprise Dashboard,

Query Analyzer, Replication Monitor, partitioning,

MySQL Router, hot backups for InnoDB,

full/incremental/partial backups, full/partial/hot

selective restore, PIT recovery, Enterprise Encryption,

Enterprise Audit, Enterprise Firewall, Group Replication,

InnoDB Cluster, Oracle OEM Admin Tool for MySQL

• Robust MySQL DBPaaS cloud offering

• Cluster CGE Edition provides support for high

availability, heavy workloads and massive scaling

• Oracle touts 99.999% availability, 200 million

reads/second, 2.45 million SQL

statements/second

• Provides same features as Enterprise

• Also offers in-memory, SQL and NoSQL APIs,

multi-site clusters with active/active geo

replication, auto sharding with full join,

referential integrity and ACID support,

partitioning, NDB Storage Engine, MySQL Cluster

Manager

MySQL Vendor Offerings

• Offers Percona servers for MySQL and MongoDB

• Describes product as “a free, fully compatible,

enhanced, open source drop-in replacement for MySQL

that provides superior performance, scalability and

instrumentation. “

• Provides 24x7 support for MySQL, Percona and MariaDB

• Percona server includes utilities that add additional

administrative capabilities and very strong visibility into

MySQL performance

• Historic flagship product is open source XtraDB Cluster

• Percona XtraDB Backup is open source hot backup utility

• Percona TokuDB is a highly optimized storage engine for

Percona Server providing HA, compression and

performance features

• Sole focus is MySQL cloud, offering MySQL for

Amazon AWS, Google Cloud Platform, IBM Softlayer,

Microsoft Azure

• Editions include Community, Developer, Standard

and Enterprise

• Leverages inherent cloud features (regions, geo data

distribution)

• Also provides automatic backup scheduling,

automatic failover, read replicas, multi-cloud and

cloud/on-premises clustering, master/slave and

master/master replication, backup encryption

• Advertises benefits of no cloud vendor lock-in

• 100% up-time guarantee that 1 master node will be

online

MySQL Vendor Offerings

MySQL Vendor Offerings

• Amazon RDS support for Oracle MySQL, MariaDB

• States that Aurora is “fully compatible with MySQL 5.6

using the InnoDB storage engine”

• Offers utilities that allow customers to convert competing

MySQL products to Aurora

• Also offers on-premises to cloud replication tool to

facilitate cloud conversions

• Provides “push button” scalability

• Leverages Amazon architecture for storage, backups, geo

data redundancy, read replicas, database snapshots,

• PIT recovery, encryption, monitoring tools, event alerts

• Need to be cognizant of feature mismatch between

Aurora and traditional MySQL offerings

• Provides traditional cloud benefits including automatic

backups, failover

• Leverages Google architecture for geo data replication

• Scalability to 10TB of storage capacity, 25,000 IOPS,

and 208GB of RAM per instance

• Provides replication, encryption for DB and backups

• Focuses on enterprise class cloud architectures

• Provides MySQL as a DBPaaS fully managed service

offering

• Database replication and enterprise monitoring tool is

an extra charge

• Created by the original developers of MySQL

• Goal was to continue MySQL as a pure open source

community project (reaction to Oracle takeover of

MySQL)

• Goal is for MariaDB to be a seamless drop in for MySQL

• The product is a fork of MySQL 5.5. There will be

variations between MySQL and MariaDB. Goal of the

community is to keep these to a minimum

• Vibrant development community that is rapidly

providing additional features to the core product

• Offers more storage engines than commercial

counterpart

• MySQL vs MariaDB feature comparisons can be found

here:

• Increasing number of vendors offering 24x7 support

• Increasing number of vendors providing MariaDB

DBPaaS

• Amazon offers MariaDB RDS service

• MariaDB 10.1 download includes Galera row-level

master/slave and master/master clustering add on

MariaDB

https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb/mariadb-vs-mysql-features/

Who Will Win the Database Wars?

Open SourceDBMS

Commercial DBMS

Strengths Weaknesses

• Lower up-front licensing costs

• Lower maintenance costs

• Growing feature set and increasing

functionality

• Vendors stepping in to provide 24/7 product

support and maintenance

• Vendor support quality can range the spectrum

• Access to DBA and developer skill sets

• Challenge to compete with huge, big budget

vendors constantly offering new features –

especially for high availability, scalability, data

warehouses

• Third-party software provider adoption

(applications, tools and utilities)

• Conversion costs

• Interaction with other DB systems

Open Source DBMS

Strengths Weaknesses

• Strong vendor support

• Robust features and functionality

• Most vendors have strong cloud strategies

• Strong third-party software provider

adoption (applications, tools and utilities)

• Access to DBA and developer skill sets

• Higher up-front licensing costs

• Higher maintenance costs

• Vendors' licensing practices often become

predatory

• Complex to administer

Commercial DBMS

RDX Recommends

Add an open source database to your stable of products

Create an open source/commercial database strategy

Thoroughly understand and evaluate competing offerings

Consider cloud based and on-premises alternatives

Select the appropriate database(s) for initial conversions

Production applications require 24x7 product support

RDX Recommends

These DBS will support mission critical apps (they have for

years), but go with a proven software support provider (Oracle, Amazon, EDB, Percona, CenturyLink, ClearDB)

They are cost effective, robust, reliable alternatives to commercial products

Realize that adding a new product will incur startup and conversion costs

Oracle customers should consider EDB as a way to reduce overall DB TCO without extensive training and retooling

Policies and Procedures

Monitoring and Event Management

Impact on Existing Tools and Technologies

Training and Education

New Staffing Roles and Responsibilities

Change Management

Administration

New DBs Will Change the

Way Your Organization

Provides Support

Costing Models

DBMS Product Features

Don’t Always Match

100% App Code Transportability

Database Features

Cloud DBMS vs On-Premises

Distributions and Forks

Vendor Feature Add Ons

The More You Have to Tailor Your DB/Application to a Distribution

The harder it will

become to switch

vendors

Upcoming Presentations – Cloud’s Hidden Impact on IT Support

Organizations, Benefits of PCI DSS Compliance

The RDX ReportMicrosoft BI Overview and Power BI Demo, SQL Server 2017 New Features, Amazon AWS

Data Migration Services and Google Cloud SQL Support for PostgreSQL

LinkedInSelecting Cloud DBMS, NoSQL Architectures, Database Security Series, Improving Customer

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