Rise of Russia

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Rise of Russia and Absolute Rule

Transcript of Rise of Russia

Rise of Russia and Absolute Rule

Critical Review Questions

How did the “Tatar Yoke” (period of Mongol rule over Russia) contribute to Russia’s lag behind the West?

Critical Review Questions

In what ways was Catherine the Great similar to Peter the Great?

Critical Review Questions

Explain the win-win that the expansion of serfdom provided for the Russian government.

Critical Review Questions

Write 2-3 statements comparing Russian serfdom, Western European serfdom, chattel slavery of the Americas and indentured servitude.

Critical Review Questions

Considering the events of the Pugachev Rebellion, make a couple observations about Russian society.

Critical Review Questions

DBQ prompt: Analyze the attitudes of the Russian government toward serfdom.

Tasks from “Decree on Serfs” 1767

1. annotate doc.

2. write POV statement

The Mongols in Russia

The Mongols controlled Kiev Rus for over 2 centuries

In 1480 Ivan the III or “The Great” refused to pay a tribute to the Mongols

– Over time joined all Russian states together under his rule

– Claimed Russia was now the “third Rome”

– “Father of Russian Empire”

Ivan the Great

•Consolidated lands through war, marriage, and purchase

•Cossacks

Peasant Steppe warriors recruited to take new territories in exchange for freedom from serfdom.

•Became head of the church as well as head of the government

• Cossacks– Peasant Steppe warriors

recruited to take new territories in exchange for freedom from serfdom.

Pre-Mongol Russia

The First Czar Ivan the Terrible

– In 1533, Ivan the Terrible becomes king of Russia

– Struggles for power with boyars—landowning nobles.

– Seizes power and is crowned czar, meaning “caesar”

Rule by Terror– In 1560, Ivan turns against

boyars, kills them, seizes lands

Time of Trouble Ivan Executed his

oldest son

– Leaves questions about who will take the throne

- Rise of the Romanovs- Ivan’s heir is weak, leading to period of turmoil- In 1613, Michael Romanov becomes czarRomanovs rule to 1917.

Peter the Great Comes to Power The Rise of Peter

– Peter the Great becomes czar in 1696, begins to reform Russia

Russia Contrasts with Europe– Cut off geographically

from Europe

– Culturally isolated, little contact with western Europe

– Religious differences widen gap

Peter Rules Absolutely

Peter Visits the West– In 1697, Peter visits western Europe to learn

European ways

Peter’s Goal– Goal of westernization—using western Europe as a

model for change

Peter’s Reforms– Brings Orthodox Church under state control

– Reduces power of great landowners

– Modernizes army by having European officers train soldiers

Peter Rules Absolutely (continued)

Westernizing Russia

– 1st Russian Navy

– Starts Russia’s first newspaper

– Raises women’s status

– Adopts Western fashion

– Advances education

Peter Rules Absolutely (continued)

Establishing St. Petersburg– Peter wants a seaport that will make travel to

West easier.

– Fights Sweden to win port on Baltic Sea

– In 1703, begins building new capital called St. Petersburg. (Window on the West)

– By the time of Peter’s death, Russia is force to be reckoned with in Europe

“English Embankment,” St. Petersburg, Russia

Palace Square, St. Petersburg

Serfdom in Russia

Russia’s Catherine II “the Great”1762-1796

Russia’s Catherine II “the Great”1762-1796

•Embraced Enlightenment ideas•New law code; almost

•Extended control of cent. Gov’t•Supported Western art & architecture•Extended power of nobles over serfs•Added new territories•In the end: Russia = World’s greatest land empire