Riga supermarket roof collapse

Area of the site on 23 November 2013

Date 21 November 2013

Time 17:41–18:00 PM UTC+2

Location Priedaines iela 20, Zolitūde, Riga,

Latvia

Coordinates 56°56′38″N 24°1′3″E

Cause Under investigation

Deaths 54

Injuries 39

The Maxima XX building's front and

the entrance in 2012, a year before

the collapse, prior to the addition of

the adjoining apartment block.

Riga supermarket roof collapseFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The roof of a Maxima supermarket located in Zolitūde,Priedaines street 20 in Riga, Latvia, collapsed on 21November 2013 at 17:41 local time. The disaster killed 54people including three rescue workers; another 39 were

injured and received medical attention.[1][2] This was theworst disaster in Latvia since 1950, when the steamerMayakovsky sank in Riga, resulting in the deaths of 147

people.[3]

Contents

1 Building overview2 Collapse

3 Rescue

4 Fatalities

5 Aftermath

6 Cause7 Reactions

7.1 International

8 See also

9 References

10 External links

Building overview

The building was completed on 3 November 2011. Architectural designwas by Zane Kalinka and Andris Kalinka from the local architectural firmof KUBS. It was developed by Homburg Valda and built by the

company Re&Re.[4] When the building was finished, it won the LatvianBuilding of the Year award. Just several months after its opening, a firebroke out in the market in which nobody was injured. At the time of thecollapse, there was construction taking place, also by Re&Re. The area

of supermarket was 4,750 m2 (51,100 sq ft).[5] and cost around €1.4million. The part of the building where the Maxima supermarket is

located is owned by SIA Tineo[6][7], but originaly was owned by

Homburg Group, which still owns appartment building next to it.[8] Tineois an offshore company owned by Maxima group, a retail chain withoperations mostly in the Baltic states and owned the "Maxima XX" supermarkert in the building. The company

initially claimed it was a tenant of the building.[9] The building also contained a bank, a beauty shop, a currency

Coordinates: 56°56′38″N 24°1′3″E

exchange post, a newsagent's shop and a pet shop.

The building had a green roof, only part of which had been constructed. It was planned that there would be a layerof topsoil 20–30 centimetres (7.9–12 in) thick on the roof; small recreational spots with benches, connected bycobblestone-paved paths were planned for the resident of an apartment house that was part of the same

complex.[5] Before the collapse, construction of the green roof was in progress, and construction in the basement of

underground car parking for the residents of the building was also in progress.[10]

Collapse

Eyewitnesses said that at around 16:21 a fire alarm was set off and there were announcements made that the storeshould be evacuated. Security personnel verified this to be related to welding construction in the basement andswitched off the alarm. It was later reported that the owner of the company which had installed the alarm said that itwas designed to detect fire emergencies. He said it is unlikely that the alarm was set off by dust from the roofstarting to collapse, as it was set off near water pipes in the basement. The store's security verified that there was nofire and therefore did not carry out an evacuation, but rather treated it as a false alarm and called in a technician toturn it off. The building collapsed shortly after the technician arrived and he was not able to verify why the alarm

went off.[11] A board member of "Maxima Latvija" said that security had followed protocol, which was not to

evacuate if there was no visible danger.[12] According to some reports the smaller shops in the retail centre, unlike

Maxima, were evacuated and closed down.[13]

The roof caved in at 17:41 local time. Eyewitnesses said the roof collapsed over the checkout counters, wheremany people were waiting to pay. This was confirmed by police who released a map based on CCTV footage just

before the collapse.[14] It was later reported that the collapse started over counters 6, 7 and 8. There were morethan 50 employees working in the various stores in the building and an uncertain number of customers that might

have been in the building, many of whom were able to escape before rescuers arrived.[15] Due to the electricalsystem automatically locking the doors and trapping several people inside the store, people had to break the glassto escape. The roof fell into the building, and also onto several cars parked outside the store. About an hour after

the initial collapse, at 19:04, another part of the roof collapsed, trapping several firefighters.[16][17][18] Another

fireman was reported to have been injured during clearing of the rubble in the early hours of 23 November.[19]

Another collapse occurred at 17:52 on 23 November.[20] None of the rescuers were harmed in this subsequent

collapse.[21]

Rescue

Because the store was almost always packed between 17:00–18:00, it was suspected that at least a hundredpeople may have been in the store during the collapse. The first emergency calls were made moments after thecollapse and firefighters, ambulances and police arrived at the scene within minutes. There were at least 13 firetrucks at the scene. Some of the rescuers arrived from Limbaži, 90 km (56 mi) away. After the initial collapse,firefighters were sent in but a second collapse occurred, trapping several of them and killing three. Both before andafter the second collapse, only firefighters were allowed to enter the building, and anyone inside was pulled out andbrought to the ambulances parked just outside the store. Bulldozers and 40 soldiers from a training camp fromĀdaži were used to help free the trapped and the injured. Several tents were installed for firefighters and ambulance

workers to rest, before returning into the building. It is reported that the firefighters were allowed to be in thebuilding for only around 30 minutes at a time. According to a Latvian army tweet, 110 soldiers were on site and theneighboring states of Estonia, Lithuania and Russia offered aid.

After the second collapse, it was reported that only five firefighters were allowed to enter the building at a time, andthat the rest were forced to wait outside due to the danger of further collapse. At least one silent period was used to

listen for signs of life among the rubble; some cell phones were heard ringing.[22]

The injured were transferred to the Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, the Riga East Clinical universityhospital, the Riga Second hospital, and the Traumatology and Orthopedic hospital. One child was transferred to theClinical University Hospital for children. Heeding the call by local hospitals for blood donors, prospective donorswaited in a long line at the blood donor center on the Friday morning and, after about an hour, the center tweeted

its thanks for the overwhelming response and that it had met its collection goals.[citation needed]

On the evening of 23 November at around 19:00 rescue efforts were stopped. This was due to a third collapsecompromising structural integrity of the roof. A representative of the paramedics said that, given how badlytraumatized the bodies of the latest victims were, they had no hope anyone else might still be alive. By then sevenpeople were still reported missing, but it was uncertain whether they actually were in the building. The rescuers said

any further rescue efforts would be carried out only after consulting building experts the next morning.[23] The

rescue was restarted the next afternoon.[24] There were no more victims found in the rubble and rescue works were

finished on 25 November.[25]

Fatalities

Nationality Fatalities

Latvia[26] 51

Russia[1][27] 2

Armenia[28] 1

Total 54

The list of those who died was published by the Latvian State Police.[29][30] The dead were Latvian citizens, unlessstated otherwise. Three responding firefighters died in the second collapse.

Aleksandrova, TamāraApsīte, Leonija

Arabela, Sandra

Atarinova, ŽannaAksjutins, Jurijs (Russian)

Beļakova, Valentīna

Bļinovs, IļjaBondarenko, Anna

Bonus, Edvīns

Burdukeviča, Jūlija

Burvis, Andrejs

Ciba, Ludmila

Čerņenoks, Ēriks

Fadejeva, GaļinaGrigorjan, Naira (Armenian)

Gruzde, Elga

Guseva, Tamāra

Gutāne, LarisaGutāns, Juris

Hitruka, Marina

Igumnova, NataljaIndriksons, Dāvids

Ivčenko, Tatjana

Ižiks, Sergejs

Jesipenko, JeļenaJesipenko, Mihails

Kirillova, Svetlana

Koževņikova, Ļubova

Ļeha, SvetlanaMalaja, Ņina

Meļihova, Vera

Mičuna, SvetlanaMizula, Valērijs

Ničiporenko, Pavlo

Novikovs, Nikolajs

Pavelko, SantaPetrovska, Jeļena

Petruņins, Aldis

Piņķe, Violeta

Poluhina, OlgaReinfelds, Edgars

Skadmane, Daina

Skadmanis, JānisSkrinda, Ina

Smirnova, Viktorija

Šteinītis, Vilnis

Teusa, VeraTeuss, Mihails

Tihonova, Raisa

Tračuma, Nadežda

Troicka, ValentīnaVovka, Viktorija

Zarečanska, Žanete

Zhilinauskas, Rita (Russian)

Aftermath

After the disaster, the Mayor of Riga Nils Ušakovs gave an order to inspect all building projects carried out by

Re&Re.[31]

The developer of the apartment building behind the Maxima and the roof of Maxima that collapsed,[32] put the

construction of the apartment building on hold. The apartment building itself was not damaged in the incident.[33]

Maxima agreed to pay compensation to the victims and families of the dead.[34]

Cause

The inquiry into the collapse began just minutes after it occurred. So far it is not known what caused the disaster,but the police are investigating three theories: first, that there was an error in architectural design, and authoritiesoverseeing planning had been negligent; secondly that cause is related to initial building procedure, and thirdly that it

was caused by the construction of the green roof.[1][35]

According to Ivars Sergets, the owner of the company HND Grupa which was responsible for the construction ofthe building, the accident may have been caused by overload, created by materials being loaded onto weakerpoints of the roof. He denied the possibility that the disaster was caused by the design of the garden, since the storehad been operating for two winters and that the stress created by the weight of snow had been up to twice as greatas the stress caused by the garden at the time of the tragedy. He pointed out that too much of the building materials

were stored on the roof.[14] Later on, however, he admitted that trusses made of two pieces bolted together wereused, while the original design called for a single truss. This was due to issues with transporting longer trusses to

building site.[36]

Lilita Ozola, an engineer teaching at Latvian University of Agriculture expressed opinion that to change trussesentire design plan should have been revised and reapproved by authorities. With the two piece trusses installed thejoint between them would bear most of the roof's weight. She pointed out that there is a video recording ofsupermarket's roof collapsing in which it is obvious that it failed at the exact spot where the joints were. She also

criticized construction works taking place on the roof when there were people in the building.[37]

A structural engineer, working for a Finnish company, Toomas Kaljas has published research based onphotographs from the site, suggesting the connections between the horizontal bars that hold the roof wereinadequately designed. The garden on the roof played a minimal role. The load on the bolts that were holding thebars was uneven and there was too few of them. The calculations of bolt forces were wrong. A better design wouldhave resulted in components bending and cracking over time, instead of the whole building suddenly collapsing like

dominos without a warning.[38][39][40]

The vice director of the Latvian Firesafety and Civil Defence College, Vilis Students, who participated in the rescuework said that the concrete components seemed unexpectedly fragile. Translated quote: "I am no specialist, butwe could break the roof components with hammers and pliers. During exercises with concrete objects, we

usually had to use a jackhammer." [41]

According to the Maxima workers, the building had been dangerously unstable for about a year. The constructionworkers had told them that the foundation was cracked and needed reinforcement. At one point the storage roomand store workers locker room had been completely flooded. There had also been extra support columns under the

Latvian Wikipedia with dark logo

ceiling of the storage room, but those had been removed later. The fire alarm was frequently going off. The workersbelieve that the reason for the alarm was that it was obsolete and could not distinguish smoke from dust. The

workers did not want to testify about this in front of a camera, because they feared for their jobs.[39][41]

Reactions

The Latvian president stated that the Saturday, Sunday and Monday immediately following the disaster would be

days of mourning and sent condolences to Armenia due to the death of one of its citizens.[42][43][44] The next dayhe stated that the collapse was a "murder of defenceless people" and that the "perpetrators should be arrested", andthat the inquiry needed independent experts from other countries that are not associated with Latvian builders in any

possible way.[45] The BBC News Riga correspondent reported that the president wanted a criminal investigation"led by independent investigators from abroad - implying that powerful business interests in Latvia are too closely

entwined with politics to ensure a fair and honest investigation."[46]

The Mayor of Riga Nils Ušakovs said that the Maxima building will be demolished and have a memorial built in its

place.[47]

Several Latvian websites, including the Latvian Wikipedia, changed theirlogo designs to include black and images of candles, or put up bannersexpressing condolences. A black ribbon was also superimposed over thelogo of Latvijas Televīzija during their broadcasts as well as worn byanchormen and anchorwomen. The television channels LatvijasTelevīzija, "Channel One Baltic", "RenTV Baltic" and "NTV Mir Baltic"and news website Delfi decided to suspend all commercials frombroadcast for the following three days.

Maxima, the owner of the store, ordered all its stores in Baltic States toobserve a period of mourning for three days during which the Christmasdecorations would not be lit and music would not be played. It also

stopped all its advertising.[48] Many Latvians were upset that Maxima commercials were still being broadcast onThursday evening and Friday morning despite the tragedy.

Many sports and cultural events, including Spēlmaņu nakts annual award ceremony, set to take place on the daysfollowing the tragedy, were canceled. The Latvian minister of culture called for cultural organizations, including art

and music schools, to carefully consider what events would be appropriate given the circumstances.[43]

In almost all Latvian embassies, people were allowed to write their names in condolence books. The church

welcomed people to pray for the victims of the tragedy.[49]

Representatives of Maxima Latvia expressed condolences to the families of the deceased. After an emergency

meeting, the board of Maxima said that there would be inspections carried out on all Maxima stores.[50]

International

Armenia – President Serzh Sargsyan sent a telegram of condolences to the Latvian President.[51]

Estonia – As well as Lithuania, Estonia held a day of mourning on Sunday. The President of Estonia

expressed sorrow and said that he grieves with the Latvian people.[52]

European Union - The President of the European Commission José Manuel Barroso sent a message of

condolences to Andris Bērziņš, President of the Republic of Latvia and to the people of Latvia.[53]

Finland – The President of Finland Sauli Niinistö sent his condolences to the relatives of the deceased

and expressed his support for the rescue workers.[54]

Lithuania – It was reported that a day of mourning would be held on the Sunday after the tragedy. The

President, Prime minister and Seimas of Lithuania expressed their condolences.[48]

Russia – The President of Russia, Vladimir Putin expressed condolences and offered assistance to

rescue the people (Latvia stated that international help was not needed).[55][56]

Sweden – The Foreign Minister of Sweden Carl Bildt posted a message on his Twitter page.[57]

Turkey - President Abdullah Gül sent his condolences in a phone call to Andris Bērziņš.[58]

Vatican City – The Apostolic Nuncio to the Baltic countries, Luigi Bonaci, stated that he was very

saddened by the disaster and that he was praying for the victims of the tragedy and for the quick recovery of

those who were injured. He also stated that Pope Francis was sending his condolences.[59]

See also

Bad Reichenhall Ice Rink roof collapse

Katowice Trade Hall roof collapseSampoong Department Store collapse

2013 Savar building collapse

Structural robustness

Extreme Loading for Structures

List of structural failures and collapses

Structural failure

References

1. ̂a b c At least 53 dead after Latvia mall collapse (PHOTOS, VIDEO) (http://rt.com/news/riga-mall-collapse-latvia-118/). RT. 21 November 2013.

2. ^ "Bojāgājušo skaits aug - zem "Maximas" drupām atrastas 52 cilvēku mirstīgās atliekas"(http://nra.lv/latvija/106493-bojagajuso-skaits-aug-zem-maximas-drupam-atrastas-52-cilveku-mirstigas-atliekas.htm) (in Latvian). nra.lv. 23 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

3. ^ "Как тонул "Маяковский"" (http://www.chas-daily.com/win/2005/10/26/g_056.html?r=32&) (in Russian).ЧАС. 26 October 2005. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

4. ^ "Grocery Roof Collapse Kills 51 in Latvia"(http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303653004579213200159484692). Wall Street Journal. 22November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

5. ̂a b "Maxima Zolitūdē" (http://www.a4d.lv/lv/projekti/maxima-zolitude/). a4d.lv. 23 November 2011. Retrieved 22November 2013.

6. ^ "Maxima sniedz savu skaidrojumu par notikušo" (http://bnn.lv/maxima-sniedz-savu-skaidrojumu-par-notikuso-125406). BNN. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

7. ^ "Maxima: Signalizācija Zolitūdes veikalā ieslēgusies aptuveni 10 reizes; ēkas tehniskā pārbaude veikta šomēnes"(http://www.diena.lv/latvija/zinas/papildinats-12-46-maxima-signalizacija-zolitudes-veikala-ieslegusies-aptuveni-10-reizes-ekas-tehnisk-14033895). Diena. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

8. ^ "Ušakovs: Maxima grausts tiks nojaukts" (http://www.diena.lv/latvija/zinas/papildinats-15-18-usakovs-maxima-grausts-tiks-nojaukts-14033968). Diena. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

9. ^ "Zolitūdē sagruvušais veikals tomēr pieder «Maxima» grupai" (http://www.tvnet.lv/zinas/latvija/487624-

9. ^ "Zolitūdē sagruvušais veikals tomēr pieder «Maxima» grupai" (http://www.tvnet.lv/zinas/latvija/487624-zolitude_sagruvusais_veikals_tomer_pieder_maxima_grupai) (in Latvian). tvnet.lv. 25 November 2013. Retrieved26 November 2013.

10. ^ ""Maxima": Pēc signalizācijas atskanēšanas draudi cilvēku dzīvībai netika konstatēti"(http://www.nozare.lv/business/top/B31B1B11-7EBA-48F0-B28C-2BEEC4A04BCB/). Nozare (in Latvian). 22.November 2013. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

11. ^ "Kāpēc ignorēja trauksmes signalizāciju?" (http://www.lsm.lv/lv/analize/zinju-analiize/kapec-ignoreja-trauksmes-signalizaciju.a70538/) (in Latvian). lsm.lv. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

12. ^ DELFI. "Traģēdija 'Maxima': cilvēki netika evakuēti no veikala, jo nebija acīmredzamu ugunsgrēka pazīmju –DELFI" (http://www.delfi.lv/news/national/politics/tragedija-maxima-cilveki-netika-evakueti-no-veikala-jo-nebija-acimredzamu-ugunsgreka-pazimju.d?id=43839030). Delfi.lv. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

13. ^ DELFI. "ЧП в Золитуде: 53 погибших, трое из них — спасатели - DELFI"(http://rus.delfi.lv/news/daily/criminal/chp-v-zolitude-53-pogibshih-troe-iz-nih-spasateli.d?id=43837110).Rus.delfi.lv. Retrieved 2013-11-24.

14. ̂a b "Veikala karte. Kuras teritorijas vēl jāpārmeklē" (http://www.ltv.lv/lv/raksts/23.11.2013-veikala-karte.-kuras-teritorijas-vel-japarmekle.id20928/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter). ltv.lv. 19 November 2013.Retrieved 23 November 2013.

15. ^ Šteinfelde, Ilze (25 November 2013). "Nelaimē vienoti" (http://nra.lv/latvija/106626-nelaime-vienoti.htm) (inLatvian). nra.lv. Retrieved 25 November 2013.

16. ^ ""Maximas" traģēdijas notikumu hronoloģija" (http://nra.lv/latvija/106620-maximas-tragedijas-notikumu-hronologija.htm) (in Latvian). nra.lv. 25 November 2013. Retrieved 25 November 2013.

17. ^ DELFI. "ЧП в Золитуде: пострадали более 30 человек, 47 погибших, трое из них — спасатели (09.04) –DELFI" (http://rus.delfi.lv/news/daily/criminal/chp-v-zolitude-postradali-bolee-30-chelovek-32-pogibshih-troe-iz-nih-spasateli-0904.d?id=43837110). Rus.delfi.lv. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

18. ^ "papildināts (09:45) – Maxima traģēdijā 25 bojāgājušie un 40 izglābtie; drupās aizvien dzirdami telefonu zvani"(http://www.diena.lv/latvija/zinas/papildinats-09-45-maxima-tragedija-25-bojagajusie-un-40-izglabtie-drupas-aizvien-dzirdami-telefonu-z-14033795). Diena (in Latvian). 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

19. ^ "No sabrukušās "Maximas" ar acs traumu slimnīcā nogādāts glābējs" (http://nra.lv/latvija/106510-no-sabrukusas-maximas-ar-acs-traumu-slimnica-nogadats-glabejs.htm) (in Latvian). nra.lv. 23 November 2013. Retrieved 23November 2013.

20. ^ McGuinness, Damien (23 November 2013). "Remaining section of Latvia supermarket roof collapses"(http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-25069941) (video). BBC News. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

21. ^ "Zolitūdes "Maximā" noticis vēl viens nobrukums" (http://nra.lv/latvija/106547-zolitudes-maxima-noticis-vel-viens-nobrukums.htm) (in Latvian). nra.lv. 23 November 2013. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

22. ^ "VUGD priekšnieks: Glābšanas darbi varētu turpināties vēl vismaz diennakti"(http://www.diena.lv/latvija/riga/vugd-prieksnieks-glabsanas-darbi-varetu-turpinaties-vel-vismaz-diennakti-14033867). Diena (in Latvian). 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

23. ^ "Pārtrauc glābšanas darbus; vairs nav cerību atrast izdzīvojušos" (http://nra.lv/latvija/106551-partrauc-glabsanas-darbus-vairs-nav-ceribu-atrast-izdzivojusos.htm) (in Latvian). nra. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

24. ^ "Glābēji atsāk darbu lielveikala "Maxima" gruvešos vietā, kur varētu būt cilvēki" (http://nra.lv/latvija/106599-glabeji-atsak-darbu-lielveikala-maxima-gruvesos-vieta-kur-varetu-but-cilveki.htm) (in Latvian). nra,lv. 24 November2013. Retrieved 25 November 2013.

25. ^ "Pabeigti meklēšanas darbi sabrukušā veikala teritorijā; jaunus bojāgājušos neatrod" (http://nra.lv/latvija/106665-pabeigti-meklesanas-darbi-sabrukusa-veikala-teritorija-jaunus-bojagajusos-neatrod.htm) (in Latvian). nra.lv. 25November 2013. Retrieved 25 November 2013.

26. ^ "Riga supermarket collapse death toll reaches 53 people, rescuers have 150 m 2 of debris left to be combed"(http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2013_11_23/Riga-supermarket-collapse-death-toll-reaches-53-people-rescuers-have-150-m-2-of-debris-left-to-be-combed-9220/). The Voice of Russia. 23 November 2013. Retrieved 24November 2013.

27. ^ "Two Russia nationals killed in Riga supermarket collapse - Latvian Foreign Ministry"(http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2013_11_23/Two-Russia-nationals-killed-in-Riga-supermarket-collapse-Latvian-Foreign-Ministry-2209/). Russia: Voice of Russia. 23 November 2013. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

28. ^ "Armenian citizen reported among victims in Latvia trade center collapse"(http://www.armenianow.com/news/50296/armenia_riga_supermarket_collapse_armenian_citizen_dead).

(http://www.armenianow.com/news/50296/armenia_riga_supermarket_collapse_armenian_citizen_dead).ArmeniaNow. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

29. ^ "Zolitūdes traģēdijā bojāgājušie" (http://vp.gov.lv/?&relid=14241) (in Latvian). Valsts Policija [Latvian StatePolice]. 2013-11-24. Retrieved 2013-11-25.

30. ^ "State police released a list of victims in the collapse of Maxima store in Riga" (http://www.baltic-course.com/eng/legislation/?doc=84056). Baltic course. Retrieved 24 November 2013.

31. ^ Petrane, Lelde (22 November 2013). "Atjaunots – Pēc traģēdijas Ušakovs liek pārbaudīt visusRe&Rebūvobjektus; visticamāk, pārbaudīs arī Gaismas pili" (http://www.db.lv/foto-video/foto/atjaunots-pec-tragedijas-usakovs-liek-parbaudit-visus-re-re-buvobjektus-visticamak-parbaudis-ari-gai-405468) (in Latvian).LETA. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

32. ^ "Кому принадлежит здание рухнувшего торгового центра в Золитуде?"(http://www.delfi.lv/biznes/bnews/komu-prinadlezhit-zdanie-ruhnuvshego-torgovogo-centra-v-zolitude.d?id=43839572) (in Russian). 22 November 2013. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

33. ^ "Девелопер "замораживает" стройку жилой многоэтажки рядом с рухнувшим торговым центром"(http://www.delfi.lv/biznes/bnews/developer-zamorazhivaet-strojku-zhiloj-mnogoetazhki-ryadom-s-ruhnuvshim-torgovym-centrom.d?id=43840720). DELFI (in Russian). 22 November 2013.

34. ^ Nov 24, 2013 By Rayyan Sabet-Parry, RIGA. "LATEST: Rescue mission comes to an end at supermarketcollapse site" (http://www.baltictimes.com/news/articles/33818/#.UpPzGcTIZ2k). Baltictimes.com. Retrieved2013-11-26.

35. ^ "Policijai trīs versijas par negadījuma iemesliem" (http://www.lsm.lv/lv/zinas/latvija/policijai-triis-versijas-par-negadiijuma-iemesliem.a70485/) (in Latvian). lsm.lv. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

36. ^ "Būvkompānija atzīst, ka sākotnējais sagruvušā "Maxima" jumta projekts mainīts" (http://nra.lv/latvija/106598-buvkompanija-atzist-ka-sakotnejais-sagruvusa-maxima-jumta-projekts-mainits.htm) (in Latvian). nra.lv. 24November 2013. Retrieved 25 November 2013.

37. ^ "Traģēdijas vainīgos var atklāt!" (http://www.tvnet.lv/zinas/viedokli/487638-tragedijas_vainigos_var_atklat) (inLatvian). tvnet.lv. 26 November 2013. Retrieved 25 November 2013.

38. ^ "An engineer: The mall had been constructed like a rat trap. The support bars were wrongly designed and thecalculations were wrong." (http://arileht.delfi.ee/news/uudised/insener-riia-kaubanduskeskus-oli-nagu-rotiloks-hoone-oli-valesti-projekteeritud-ja-tugevusarvutused-olid-valed.d?id=67149494). Delfi (news in Estonian). 24November 2013.

39. ̂a b "An engineer about the Riga shop collapse: A cheap computer program does not replace good architects."(http://www.postimees.ee/2608210/insener-riia-kaubanduskeskuse-varingust-odav-arvutiprogramm-ei-asenda-haid-insenere). Postimees (news in Estonian). 24 November 2013.

40. ^ "Preliminary analysis of Maxima chopping centre in Riga on 21.11.2013" (http://g2.nh.ee/images/pix/maxima-choping-center-collapse-analysis-67149538.pdf). 23 November 2013.

41. ̂a b "A rescue worker: The concrete components were suspiciously fragile."(http://www.delfi.ee/news/paevauudised/valismaa/paastja-kaubanduskeskuse-betoonkonstruktsioonid-olid-kahtlaselt-haprad.d?id=67153120). Delfi (news in Estonian). 25 November 2013.

42. ^ "47 dead, two dozens feared trapped after Latvia mall collapse" (http://www.tert.am/en/news/2013/11/22/forty/).tert.am. 2013-11-22. Retrieved 24 November 2013.

43. ̂a b "Saistībā ar traģēdiju Zolitūdē atcelta 'Spēlmaņu nakts' ceremonija"(http://www.delfi.lv/kultura/news/theatre/saistiba-ar-tragediju-zolitude-atcelta-spelmanu-nakts-ceremonija.d?id=43839112) (in Latvian). Latvia: DELFI. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

44. ^ "Traģēdijas dēļ atcelta virkne kultūras pasākumu" (http://www.delfi.lv/kultura/news/culturenvironment/tragedijas-del-atcelta-virkne-kulturas-pasakumu.d?id=43839164) (in Latvian). Latvia: DELFI. 22 November 2013. Retrieved22 November 2013.

45. ^ "Президент: трагедия в Maxima — массовое убийство" (http://rus.delfi.lv/news/daily/latvia/prezident-tragediya-v-maxima-massovoe-ubijstvo.d?id=43841544) (in Russian). Latvia: DELFI. 23 November 2013. Retrieved 23November 2013.

46. ^ McGuinness, Damien (23 November 2013). "Latvia president calls supermarket collapse 'murder'"(http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-25068291). BBC News. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

47. ^ "Ушаков: здание Maxima снесут, на его месте будет мемориал" (http://rus.delfi.lv/news/daily/latvia/ushakov-zdanie-maxima-snesut-na-ego-meste-budet-memorial.d?id=43841582) (in Russian). Latvia: DELFI. 23 November2013. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

2013. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

48. ̂a b "Sekmadienį Lietuvoje paskelbtas gedulas dėl tragedijos Rygoje"(http://www.delfi.lt/news/daily/lithuania/sekmadieni-lietuvoje-paskelbtas-gedulas-del-tragedijos-rygoje.d?id=63352430) (in Lithuanian). Lithuania: DELFI. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

49. ^ "Церковь скорбит по погибшим в результате трагедии в Maxima"(http://rus.delfi.lv/news/daily/criminal/cerkov-skorbit-po-pogibshim-v-rezultate-tragedii-v-maxima.d?id=43837584)(in Russian). Latvia: DELFI. 21 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

50. ^ "MAXIMA проведёт проверку всех магазинов сети, компенсации получат все"(http://ru.focus.lv/biznes/kompanii/maxima-provedet-proverku-vseh-magazinov-seti-kompensacii-poluchat-vse) (inRussian). Latvia: FOCUS. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

51. ^ "Serzh Sargsyan sends telegram of condolences to Latvia’s President Andris Bērziņš"(http://armenpress.am/eng/news/741160/). Armenpress. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

52. ^ "Ильвес скорбит в связи с трагедией в Риге" (http://rus.err.ee/foreign/5cf77e09-1bb5-43b2-8725-c3554082b155) (in Russian). Estonia: ERR. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

53. ^ "Message from José Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission, to Andris Bērziņš, President of theRepublic of Latvia, following the collapse of a supermarket roof in Riga" (http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-13-1039_en.htm). europa.eu. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

54. ^ "Presidentti Niinistö esitti surunvalittelut Latvian ostoskeskusturman johdosta"(http://www.tpk.fi/Public/default.aspx?contentid=293205&culture=fi-FI) (in Finnish). tpk.fi. 22 November 2013.Retrieved 22 November 2013.

55. ^ "'Maxima' traģēdija: Putins izsaka līdzjūtību Latvijai" (http://www.delfi.lv/news/world/other/maxima-tragedija-putins-izsaka-lidzjutibu-latvijai.d?id=43839906) (in Latvian). Latvia: DELFI. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 23November 2013.

56. ^ "Krievijas glābēji gatavi palīdzēt 'Maxima' traģēdijā" (http://www.delfi.lv/news/national/politics/krievijas-glabeji-gatavi-palidzet-maxima-tragedija.d?id=43838568) (in Latvian). Latvia: Delfi.lv. Retrieved 2013-11-24.

57. ^ Bildt, Carl (22 November 2013). "Message from Carl Bildt, Foreign Minister of Sweden"(https://twitter.com/carlbildt). Twitter. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

58. ^ "Prezidents: Tā ir milzīga skaita neaizsargātu cilvēku slepkavība" (http://www.lsm.lv/lv/zinas/latvija/prezidents-ta-ir-milziiga-skaita-neaizsargatu-cilveku-slepkaviib.a70581/) (in Latvian). LSM. 23 November 2013. Retrieved 25November 2013.

59. ^ "Pāvests izsaka līdzjūtību saistībā ar traģēdiju Zolitūdē" (http://www.tvnet.lv/zinas/latvija/487368-pavests_izsaka_lidzjutibu_saistiba_ar_tragediju_zolitude) (in Latvian). TVNET. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 22November 2013.

External links

Media related to Riga supermarket roof collapse at Wikimedia Commons

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Riga_supermarket_roof_collapse&oldid=583376451"

Categories: 2013 in Latvia Collapsed buildings Disasters in Latvia History of Riga 2013 industrial disasters

This page was last modified on 26 November 2013 at 12:29.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply.

By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.