Riga, 25 th April 2007 Expert meeting Twinning LV/2005-IB/EN/01 Water Quality.
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Transcript of Riga, 25 th April 2007 Expert meeting Twinning LV/2005-IB/EN/01 Water Quality.
Riga, 25th April 2007
Expert meeting
Twinning LV/2005-IB/EN/01Water Quality
Adapt SCS & HBV to Latvian conditionsUse the long-term hydrological monitoring sites
& their land cover characteristics in a pilot catchment.
Test SCS & HBV for all the discharge monitoring sites
0
4
8
12
0 5000 10000
l/s/k
m2
Catchment of discharge monitoring sites km2
Apply SCS & HBV to all the Latvian river
Calculated discharges for the Latvian rivers
Hydrology monitoring
Adapt SWAT & TRK to Latvian conditionsUse the existing long-term water quality monitoring sites
& their land cover characteristics in the selected pilot drainage basin.
Water quality monitoring
Land cover typesin the main water quality monitoring sites
0
20
40
60
80
0 20 40 60 80 100% Forest
% A
gric
ultu
re
Test SWAT & TRK for all the long term water quality monitoring sites
Water quality monitoring
Water quality monitoring
Determine the drainage basin characteristics of the 222 rivers and 263 lakes monitoring sites which will be surveyed over the 3 years period
Select monitoring sites with the largest range of size and landscape structure / cover
Water quality monitoring
2000 4000 6000 8000
400
800
1200
Net Nitrogen input (kg km-2 yr-1)
Nitr
ogen
flu
xes
in R
iver
s (k
g km
-2 y
r-1)
Baltic
European SW Coast
St Laurent
North Canada
Mississippi
USA SE Coast
USA NE Coast
European NW coast North Sea
Adapted from Howarth et al. 1996
Water quality monitoring
0
10
20
30
40
50
1 103 106 109
Hectares
Kg N
/ H
a /
yr
From Omernik 1976
Water quality monitoring
0
20
40
60
20 40 60 80 100
kg N
ha-1
yr-1
% of land use as agriculture
Landscape structure
0,00
5,00
10,00
15,00
20,00
25,00
30,00
35,00
40,00
1999-08-28 1999-10-17 1999-12-06 2000-01-25 2000-03-15 2000-05-04 2000-06-23
To
tal
P (
kg)
Monitored dataSWAT model results
Water quality monitoring
Optimize the temporal framework
Proposed water quality monitoring in LatviaSampling effort
Nutrients (N & P) & Basic indicators (O2 – pH, conductivity, SM)
Total of analyses
Nb of sites with
Monthly sampling
Nb of sites with
Seasonal sampling
Daugava 552 5 123
Lielupe 208 9 25
Venta 260 7 44
Gauja 152 3 29
30 50560
12 15204
15 20260
8 15156
128
80
34
27
35
51
32
23
245
165
24
65
221
100
1172
1180
Choose the best spatio-temporal framework for water quality monitoring
Water quality monitoring
Sampling at low water in summerin winter
Sampling at high water during snowmeltin autumn
1 - Easy to planify
2 - Meaningfull in terms of representativeness of low flow (baseflow) conditions
3 - Provides realistic values to calculate nutrient fluxes
Proposal for nutrients and basic indicators
65 sites with monthly sampling instead of 24including low and high water seasonal sampling
100 sites with seasonal sampling instead of 221
Purchase autonomous automatic samplers
Measure Dissolved Organic Carbon
Test SWAT & TRK for the selected high frequency water quality monitoring sites
Apply SWAT & TRK for the low frequency water quality monitoring sites
Water quality monitoring
Apply SWAT & TRK for non monitored sites
Determine sites at risk
Link Surface & Groundwater monitoring
Establish threshold values for groundwater
Identify the receptors at risk within each groundwater body Groundwater associated surface waters:
•Rivers, Lakes
•Transitional, Coastal waters
•Groundwater dependent terrestrial ecosystems and wetlands
•Human use (drinking – irrigation – industry – farming)