Constraints on plate model geometries

Use of reconstructions in petroleum exploration

December 23, 2013#1

Rift asymmetry in the Equatorial Atlantic

December 23, 2013

2

Plate models constraints derived from transform geometry

Detailed geological context for play characterization

Exploration context of the Brazilian Equatorial margin

Utilization of plate reconstructions in petroleum exploration

Impact on exploration concepts and play elements

Free Air gravity

PELOTAS

SANTOS

CAMPOS

ESPIRITO SANTO

JEQUITINHONHA

CUMURUXATIBA

CAMAMU-ALMADA

SERGIPE-ALAGOAS

PERNAMBUCO-PARANAIBA

FOZ DO AMAZONAS

PARA-MARANHAO

BARREIRINHAS

POTIG

UARCE

ARA

NAMIB

NIGER DELTA

LIBERIA-SIERRA LEONE

COTE d’IVOIRE

W. GHANA KETA

GUYANA

DOUALA

GABON

LOWER CONGO

KWANZA

Basin Setting Basin Setting –– conjugate basins of the South Atlanticconjugate basins of the South Atlantic

Zaydeus-1

Romanche Fracture

Zone

St. Peter / St. Paul

Fracture Zone

Chain Fracture Zone

December 23, 2013#4 Department

Basin OutlinesBasin Outlines

Fortaleza

High

Barreirinhas

Basin

Tutóia High

Ilha de Santana

Platform

Pará Platform

AmapáPlatform

Potiguar Basin

Para-Maranhao

Basin

French Guyana

Foz do Amazonas

Basin

Ceara Basin

St. Peter Fracture Zone

St. Paul Fracture Zone

Romanche Fracture Zone

December 23, 2013

5

Plate models constraints derived from transform geometry

Detailed geological context for play characterization

Exploration context of the Brazilian Equatorial margin

Utilization of plate reconstructions in petroleum exploration

Impact on exploration concepts and play elements

Equatorial Atlantic gravity signatureEquatorial Atlantic gravity signature

Gravity data are Trident “BAFA” data from the Getech “Geodynamics and Petroleum Geology of the Equatorial Atlantic Margins” study

Well data from IHS

Equatorial Atlantic gravity signatureEquatorial Atlantic gravity signature

Gravity data are Trident “BAFA” data from the Getech“Geodynamics and Petroleum Geology of the Equatorial Atlantic Margins” study

Well data from IHS

GCS WGS 1984 projection

Tano Basin remains isolated

Potigu

ar Basin

and B

enue T

rough

openin

g

Marine basin open to the South Atlantic

Basin open to the North?

December 23, 2013#12 Department

Basin OutlinesBasin Outlines

Fortaleza

High

Barreirinhas

Basin

TutóiaHigh

Ilha de Santana

Platform

Pará Platform

AmapáPlatform

Potiguar Basin

Para-Maranhao

Basin

French Guyana

Foz do Amazonas

Basin

Ceara Basin

St. Peter Fracture Zone

St. Paul Fracture Zone

Romanche Fracture Zone

December 23, 2013

13

Plate models constraints derived from transform geometry

Detailed geological context for play characterization

Exploration context of the Brazilian Equatorial margin

Utilization of plate reconstructions in petroleum exploration

Impact on exploration concepts and play elements

3 types of margins recognized

• Narrow, steep margins

• Little faulting seen beyond the shelf break

• Limited dip extent to develop HC systems

• Liberia, Sierra Leone, Togo, Benin

• Wide, extended to hyperextended margins

• Deep-seated detached faulting

• Significant dip extent over thinned crust

• Ceara, Potiguar; Ghana/Cote d’Ivoire

• Hyperextended or exhumed margins

• Very little structure in syn-rift section

• Barreirinhas

North Brazil and Para-Maranhao combine 1 and 2?

Rift asymmetry is a key issue

Analogues for plays on the Brazil margin

50 kilometers

~Albian

~Campanian

Water bottom

Oceanic crust

~Top Albian

10 kilometers

~Top Campanian

~Top AptianOceanic crust

50 kilometers

Water bottom

50 kilometers

~Albian

~Campanian

Water bottom

Oceanic crust

Highly asymmetric rift distribution page 15Regional Geology|

Inboard limit of oceanic crust

Both margins exhibit extreme thinning of the crust, but deformation styles differ significantly

Inboard limit of oceanic crust

~Albian

10 kilometers

~Campanian

~Aptian Oceanic crust

50 kilometers

Water bottom

50 kilometers

~Albian

~Campanian

Water bottom

Oceanic crust

100 My Reconstruction - Albian

• Oceanic crust lateral equivalents have very different histories• Syn-tectonic basins are laterally restricted in Africa• Brazilian basin is largely unstructured and very deep

23 December 2013

16 of 82

Exploration – New Area Studies Team

23 December 2013

Mapped Plays:

Upper Cretaceous (Senonian) Sandstone Play

Lower Cretaceous (Alb and older) Sandstone

Unmapped Plays:

Tertiary Sandstone Play

FIFA-1

HIHON-1

Figure X Eastern Keta Basin Play Cartoon (Source: IHS Enerdeq, 2011)

From West Africa Multi-Basin Screening Study Report, New Areas Study Team, Copenhagen (2012)

December 23, 2013

17

Plate models constraints derived from transform geometry

Detailed geological context for play characterization

Exploration context of the Brazilian Equatorial margin

Utilization of plate reconstructions in petroleum exploration

Impact on exploration concepts and play elements

Barreirinhas

Basin

Potiguar Basin

Para-Maranhao

Basin

Foz do Amazonas

Basin

Ceara Basin

Cote d’Ivoire

Basin

Lib

eria/Sierra

Leo

ne B

asins

Cape Three Points/

Tano Basin Keta Basin

Venus

Mercury

Dzata

Baobab Jubilee

FifaHihon

AjeSeme

Zaedyus

CES-158

Basin and Play Analysis

Mid-Aptian (115 Ma)

Mid-Albian (105 ma) Turonian (92 Ma)

• Tectonic reconstructions are key to understanding rift history

• Hard data on deepwater source, reservoirs, etc. scarce; concepts depend on models

• Conjugate margins provide context

#19 Exploration Dept

GDE maps for Aptian, Albian, and Upper Cretaceous

Thanks to the Brazil Exploration TeamMaersk Oil

Mark LongacreRothwell/PaleoGIS

December 23, 2013#20

Rift asymmetry in the Equatorial Atlantic