RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic,...

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RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stanko vic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince Uni versity of Virginia INFOCOM 2005

Transcript of RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic,...

Page 1: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks

Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek AbdelzaherDepartment of Computer Sceince University of Virginia

INFOCOM 2005

Page 2: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Outline

Introduction Experiments on radio interference RID Simulation Conclusion

Page 3: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Introduction

Interference-connectivity

A

B

C

Page 4: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Introduction

B

A

C

Page 5: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Introduction

Interference-connectivity Connectivity-interference

B AC

Page 6: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Introduction

B

A

C

Page 7: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Experiments on radio interference ~Setup

Weak link from T to R 16.2 feet 80% packet delivery

ratio

Strong link from T to R 8.5 feet 100% packet delivery

ratio

Page 8: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Experiments on radio interference ~one direction

Radio Interference for a Weak Link Radio Interference for a Strong Link

Page 9: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Experiments on radio interference ~diff.

directions

Interference Pattern Measured for a Weak Link

Interference Pattern Measured for a Strong Link

Page 10: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

RID: Radio Interference Detection Protocol

HD-ND Detection Information sharing Interference calculation

Page 11: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

HD-ND Detection HD packet (with a high sending power)

ID information (2 bytes) Packet type (1 byte) To minimize the packet length and to save transmission energy

TR

HD packet

Page 12: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

HD-ND Detection ND packet (with the normal sending power)

The ND packet’s length is fixed in order that the receiver is able to estimate when the ND packet’s transmission will end once it starts to be sensed.

TR

ND packet

Page 13: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Rules the receiver uses The power level sensed in T1 is as low as that

of the background noise

On the contrary, receiver thinks this data is useful and records the (transmitter ID ,power level) pair for later use

Extremely weak, and doesn’t record any information

Page 14: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Add-on rule for receiver to detect disturbance

The power level sensed during time period T1, is stable

The power level sensed during time period T2, is always as low as that of the background noise.

Page 15: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Add-on rule for receiver to detect disturbance

The power level sensed during time period T1, is stable

Variable Sensed Power Level During T1

Page 16: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Add-on rule for receiver to detect disturbance

The power level sensed during time period T2, is always as low as that of the background noise.

Variable Sensed Power Level During T2

Page 17: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Add-on rule for receiver to detect disturbance

Stable Sensed Power Level During T1 and T2

Page 18: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Information Sharing

T1

RT2

T3

HDND

T1 P1

Interference_In table

Page 19: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Information Sharing

T1

RT2

T3

HDND

T1 P1

Page 20: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Information Sharing

T1 P1

T3 P3

T1

RT2

T3

HDND

T1 P1

Page 21: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Information Sharing

T1 P1

T3 P3

A PAR PR

T1

RT2

T3T3 P3

Interference_In table

Interference_Out table

Interference_HTP table

Page 22: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Interference Calculation N2(D) = {(i1,i2)|(Pi1D>receiver_sensitivity) ^ <SNR}

i1 : sender i2 : jammer D : receiver

Di2(jammer)

i1

idleDi

Di

PP

P

2

1

OK

Page 23: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Interference Calculation N2(D) = {(i1,i2)|(Pi1D>receiver_sensitivity) ^ < SNR }

i1 : sender i2 : jammer D : receiver

Di2(jammer)

i1

Interference

Pi1D

Pi2D+Pidl

e

Page 24: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Interference Calculation The composite of multiple negligible jammers is not

necessarily negligible

Page 25: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

All collision Scenarios in System

N : the number of sensor devices actually deployed{Di} : the set consisting of all nodes in the system

D1 D2 . . . . . . . . . . Dk

N2(D1)={_,_} N2(D2) N2(Dk)

N3(D1)={_,_,_} N3(D2) .

{_, _,_} . . . . . . . .

. . .

Nk(D1) Nk(D2) Nk(Dk)

Page 26: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

RID-B : Lightweight Radio Interference Detection Protocol

T1 P1

T3 P3

T1

RT2

T3

Page 27: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

RID-B : Lightweight Radio Interference Detection Protocol

RID-B does not take into consideration the interference cases when multiple transmitters get involved

There is no interference calculation phase in RID-B

Page 28: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Simulation GlomoSim

Page 29: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Loss Ratio

Simulation

#Retransmission

Page 30: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Simulation

#Control Packets

Transmission Time

Page 31: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Energy Consumption

Simulation

Page 32: RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek Abdelzaher Department of Computer Sceince University.

Conclusion

Our work is the first to detect radio interference relations among nodes in run-time systems

The traditional TDMA protocol, NAMA, can have up to 60% packet loss in heavy load, while the RID-B supported TDMA, NAMA-RID-B, can maintain 100% packet delivery