RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic,...
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Transcript of RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic,...
RID: Radio Interference Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks
Gang Zhou, Tian He, John A. Stankovic, Tarek AbdelzaherDepartment of Computer Sceince University of Virginia
INFOCOM 2005
Outline
Introduction Experiments on radio interference RID Simulation Conclusion
Introduction
Interference-connectivity
A
B
C
Introduction
B
A
C
Introduction
Interference-connectivity Connectivity-interference
B AC
Introduction
B
A
C
Experiments on radio interference ~Setup
Weak link from T to R 16.2 feet 80% packet delivery
ratio
Strong link from T to R 8.5 feet 100% packet delivery
ratio
Experiments on radio interference ~one direction
Radio Interference for a Weak Link Radio Interference for a Strong Link
Experiments on radio interference ~diff.
directions
Interference Pattern Measured for a Weak Link
Interference Pattern Measured for a Strong Link
RID: Radio Interference Detection Protocol
HD-ND Detection Information sharing Interference calculation
HD-ND Detection HD packet (with a high sending power)
ID information (2 bytes) Packet type (1 byte) To minimize the packet length and to save transmission energy
TR
HD packet
HD-ND Detection ND packet (with the normal sending power)
The ND packet’s length is fixed in order that the receiver is able to estimate when the ND packet’s transmission will end once it starts to be sensed.
TR
ND packet
Rules the receiver uses The power level sensed in T1 is as low as that
of the background noise
On the contrary, receiver thinks this data is useful and records the (transmitter ID ,power level) pair for later use
Extremely weak, and doesn’t record any information
Add-on rule for receiver to detect disturbance
The power level sensed during time period T1, is stable
The power level sensed during time period T2, is always as low as that of the background noise.
Add-on rule for receiver to detect disturbance
The power level sensed during time period T1, is stable
Variable Sensed Power Level During T1
Add-on rule for receiver to detect disturbance
The power level sensed during time period T2, is always as low as that of the background noise.
Variable Sensed Power Level During T2
Add-on rule for receiver to detect disturbance
Stable Sensed Power Level During T1 and T2
Information Sharing
T1
RT2
T3
HDND
T1 P1
Interference_In table
Information Sharing
T1
RT2
T3
HDND
T1 P1
Information Sharing
T1 P1
T3 P3
T1
RT2
T3
HDND
T1 P1
Information Sharing
T1 P1
T3 P3
A PAR PR
T1
RT2
T3T3 P3
Interference_In table
Interference_Out table
Interference_HTP table
Interference Calculation N2(D) = {(i1,i2)|(Pi1D>receiver_sensitivity) ^ <SNR}
i1 : sender i2 : jammer D : receiver
Di2(jammer)
i1
idleDi
Di
PP
P
2
1
OK
Interference Calculation N2(D) = {(i1,i2)|(Pi1D>receiver_sensitivity) ^ < SNR }
i1 : sender i2 : jammer D : receiver
Di2(jammer)
i1
Interference
Pi1D
Pi2D+Pidl
e
Interference Calculation The composite of multiple negligible jammers is not
necessarily negligible
All collision Scenarios in System
N : the number of sensor devices actually deployed{Di} : the set consisting of all nodes in the system
D1 D2 . . . . . . . . . . Dk
N2(D1)={_,_} N2(D2) N2(Dk)
N3(D1)={_,_,_} N3(D2) .
{_, _,_} . . . . . . . .
. . .
Nk(D1) Nk(D2) Nk(Dk)
RID-B : Lightweight Radio Interference Detection Protocol
T1 P1
T3 P3
T1
RT2
T3
RID-B : Lightweight Radio Interference Detection Protocol
RID-B does not take into consideration the interference cases when multiple transmitters get involved
There is no interference calculation phase in RID-B
Simulation GlomoSim
Loss Ratio
Simulation
#Retransmission
Simulation
#Control Packets
Transmission Time
Energy Consumption
Simulation
Conclusion
Our work is the first to detect radio interference relations among nodes in run-time systems
The traditional TDMA protocol, NAMA, can have up to 60% packet loss in heavy load, while the RID-B supported TDMA, NAMA-RID-B, can maintain 100% packet delivery