Richard i i i Study Guide

7/27/2019 Richard i i i Study Guide

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Th Trgd oKig Richrd III

O th Wigs o Ft!09/10 SeaSOn

a noisWithiStd

Gid

Californias Home for the Classics


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2 a nois Withi 2009/10 Rprtor Sso

Tb o Cotts

2 abot th P: Sopsis

7 Cst o Chrctrs

8 Whos Who i th P: a Fmi Tr

9 Whos Who i th P: Ordr o Sccssio d Victims

11 a Bri Histor o Th Wr o th Ross

15 Th R Richrd III: Dbt d Cotrovrs

17 Biogrph o Wiim Shkspr

18 Timi

19 Shksprs Vrs d Pros

21 Shksprs Words d Phrss

23 now is th Witr o or Discott: Th Spch

25 aim Smboism i Richard III

26 adptig Richard IIIt a nois Withi

27 I th Cssroom: Sggstd activitis

28 Vis arts: Crtig th Word o Richard III

30 Msic: Sggstd activitis

31 Jst or F: Rprodcib Richard IIIQiz

33 Rsorc Gid

34 abot Thtr arts

35 abot a nois Withi

FunDInG FOR a nOISe WITHInS eDuCaTIOnal PROGRaMS IS PROVIDeD In PaRT By:

Th ahmso Fodtio, aic or th advcmt o arts edctio, Sprvisor Mich D. atoovich, emposCommit Fd o Boig Ciori, Th Cpit Grop Compis, Citigrop Fodtio, Dis Wordwid Otrch,Dla Pipr, Doks Fmi Fodtio, eigs Fmi Fodtio, Th Hrb aprt Fodtio, Th Gr Fodtio,

Kiwis Cb o Gd, lockhd Fdr Crdit uio, los ags Cot arts Commissio, B.C. McCb Fodtio,Mtropoit associts, ntio edowmt or th arts, Shakespeare for a New Generation, Th Stimtz Fodtio,

Dwight Strt yoth Fodtio, Wtrm Fodtio.

a nois Withisprodctio o TheTragedy of King RichardIIIis prt o Shakespearefor a New Generation, tio iititivsposord b thntio edowmt orth arts i cooprtiowith arts Midwst.

Costm Dsig b nikki Dhomm.

Portios o this gid rpritd with prmissio rom Shkspr Thtr DCs First Foio Crricm Gid or Richard III.

Dies Iraepodcst prodcd b Dog adms, Jo Kp d a Kp.


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abot th P: Sopsis

ACT I, Scene oneRichrd, th dk o Gocstr, opsth p with his imos spch, now isth witr o or discott md goriossmmr b this s o york. I th spch,Richrd rvs his ittios to srp thcrow. Immdit thrtr, Richrd pitshis iig brothr, Kig edwrd IV, gistth third brothr Crc i ortto i Crcs cim to th thro.Crc is imprisod i th Towr olodo. as th sc ds, Richrd tsth dic o his itdd pth to th

thro: Crcs probb xctio,edwrds tr dth, d Richrdshop pti ic with th rctwidowd ld a nvi.

ACT I, Scene twold a, mmbr o th Hos olcstr, trs ccompig th bodo hr t thr-i-w, Kig Hr VI. Tht Kigog with as t hsbd,his so edwrdws rct kid ibtt b mmbrs o th Hos o york.a bivs Richrd to hv committd

both o ths crims. I hr gr, shprs od tht wi Richrd m tkshod b s tormtd s a hrs.

Richrd trs, hts th r procssiod procds to ttmpt to woo lda. ld a rsists, d sh cotisto ccs Richrd o th two mrdrs.Richrd i hds hr sword d givshr chc to vg thir dths. as shgs towrds him, Richrd isists it wsas bt d his pssio or hr thtdrov him to commit ths kiigs. Thsstrtig words stop hr ttck. Richrdprsts rig d proposs to a. Shccpts th rig, bt ot th mrrig or.Wh Richrd prsss rthr, sh grsto tr rdzvos. ao, Richrd gotsbot swig as motios so qick.

ACT I, Scene threeKig edwrd IVs wi, Q eizbth,mts to hr ccompig mimmbrs tht hr hsbd is ik to

srviv this sickss. Hr two sos,Pric edwrd d Gorg, th ogDk o york, r too og to r.Th Q xprsss dism tht ththrow wod dr to Richrd ti thdr pric coms o gd hr grtdistst d distrst o Richrd csgrt cocr. Bckighm d Sttr, procimig tht Kig edwrdwishs to mk mds btw Qeizbths kism d Richrds.Howvr, Richrd pprs, brzccsig Q eizbth o sdr d

o ivtig th tir d. H rthrssrts tht sh is i th thros o ctig p to impriso Crc. I ct, Richrdhims hs sch p i mid.

Q Mrgrt (wi o th dd HrVI), who s york hd b bishd romth kigdom, coms ot o hr hidig pci th shdows d bgis to crs rvro prst. Hrig mros crssto d ro, sh commds th tttio oth tir room. amog Mrgrts mhxs, sh prs tht Richrd wi vr

sp pc d mistk his misor rids. a xit, vig Richrd o.H is thrtr mt b two m h hshird to mrdr Crc i th Towr.

ACT I, Scene ourCrc wks d ts th Towr grd,Brckbr, o his drm i which h dRichrd wr siig to Frc togthr.O th drm vog, Richrd pshdCrc ovrbord. Whi Crc wsdrowig, h sw th ghosts o mmbrso th Hos o lcstr kid i bttwh th yorks took cotro o th crow.Most otb, Crc sw th ghost old as t hsbd Pric edwrd,who crsd Crc s th Fris drggdth yorks to h. Crc wok romhis drm mtig, O lord! Mthoghtwht pi it ws to drow

Crc sks Brckbr to st withhim s h s bck sp oc gi. Thmrdrrs th ppr d s wrrt


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Richrd hs issd to orc Brckbrto v th Towr. Th two m rgovr th bst mthod to ki Crc.Both pgs o git, bt timtRichrds promisd motr rwrd wisthm ovr. Sdd, Crc sprigs p

rom smbr d bgs or his i, sigRichrd wi sv him. Th mrdrrs tCrc th trththt th wr st bRichrd. Wh Crc dos ot bivthm, th stb him d hid his bodbor ig th sc.

ACT II, Scene oneKig edwrd IV trs with his mi. Hhs t to hr o Crcs dth. Hcovics Bckighm d Hstigs tomk pc with thir rivs Rivrs, Dorstd Gr (Q eizbths kism.)

Fi, Richrd trs d mks spchto thos prst, s poogizig or prcivd hostiit o his prt. Qeizbth th procims tht i edwrdhs idd st this ttr to th Towr,Crc shod b broght immdit tocort. To this ws, Richrd igs osd iorms th mi o Crcs dth.H s mipts edwrd ito tkigth bm or Crcs dth. Stth bgs th Kig to prdo codmdsrvt. edwrd cris ot, skig wh obm itrcds o bh o ow

srvt, bt o o stoppd him romcodmig his ow brothr. Th sickKig is ovrcom b gri, d hs to bcrrid to his bdchmbr.

ACT II, Scene twoTh Dchss o yorkmothr to Richrd,Crc, d Kig edwrdcomortsCrcs chidr. Sh mts Richrdsvi, which o sh sms wr o. Qeizbth trs ito th room, shrikigtht Kig edwrd hs did. Rivrs dDorst tr, rmidig eizbth tht hrodst so Pric edwrd mst b tk tolodo to b crowd Kig. Richrd dhis kism joi th sc, d prstgr tht w m mst ccomp thog pric o this jor. a xit btRichrd d Bckighm, who ts Richrdtht th shod b th os to ccompth Pric o his jor to lodo.

ACT II, Scene threeThr commors o th strt discss thstt o th morch, rvig tht sth og Pric edwrd is too og tor, eizbth d Richrds kism ri th midst o its powr strgg

ovr who sh b th Prics dvisor. Thcommors shr th Dchss o yorksrs bot Richrds chrctr.

ACT II, Scene oureizbth discovrs tht Richrd dBckighm hv hd Rivrs d Grrrstd d broght to Pomrt, ortrsswhr prisors ot r xctd. ThPric is jst two ds w rom lodo.eizbth d hr ogst so edwrdDk o york tk sctr, whr shbivs Richrd cot prs thm.

ACT III, Scene onePric edwrd rrivs i lodo d isgrtd b Richrd, Bckighm, dCtsb. From his diog with Richrdtht oows, it is pprt tht th Pric issspicios o Richrd. lord Hstigs trsd iorms Bckighm tht eizbthd og york hv tk sctr.Bckighm covics Hstigs to orcibrtriv tht chid d brig him to lodo.Richrd th ts th Pric tht th twobos wi tk rsidc i th Towr ti

th corotioostsib or thir owst.

Richrd th gthrs togthr Bckighmd Ctsb to discss Hstigs dSts gics. Ctsb mitistht Hstigs is irc o to th tKig edwrd IV, d St wi oowsit. Bckighm sggsts tht th xtd th hod dividd coss which wicosist o scrt mtig to cmt thpot to crow Richrd Kig, d th oici cos to dtrmi wh to hodPric edwrds corotio.

ACT III, Scene twoHstigs wks vr r to th sodo Sts mssgr podig o thdoor. Th mssgr ts Hstigs o thdividd coss d rts ightmrSt hd i which h ws kid b bor(Richrds ro smbo.) Th mssgrbgs Hstigs to with him immdit,bt Hstigs dcis. Ctsb rrivs d

F FctI 1890 egSchiirsd ightstrigs i nw

yorks CtrPrk bcsth wrmtiod iShksprsps. I HenryIV, Prt OHotspr ssI sh hv strig shb tght tospk act IVprt I, sc 3.Thr r ow

ovr 200 miiostrigs iamric. Qit rtr or sig i.


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brochs th id tht Richrd shod ristd o th Pric. Hstigss horriidrctio prompts Ctsb to iorm Richrdtht his gic rmis with th tKig d thror th og Prics.lst, St hims coms to th hos;

Hstigs dismisss him d vs or thcoci mtig.

ACT III, Scene threeQ eizbths kism r ockdw i Pomrt witig thir immitxctios d Gr ots tht this is thmisttio o Mrgrts crs.

ACT III, Scene ourRichrd trs th dividd coci sssiod mts with Bckighm, who rsCtsbs iormtio tht Hstigs wi

ot brk his gic to th Prics.upo hrig this ws, Richrd igsgr d shows his withrd rm,cimig Q eizbth d Hstigsmistrss (ld Shor) crsd his rm. Hbms ld Shors spposd crs oHstigs hims, d ordrs his xctio.Hstigs rizs St ws corrct i hisssmptios o Richrds tr d h,too, ots Mrgrts crs t work.

ACT III, Scene iveRichrd d Bckighm riz th mst

ow sw th egish pbic to bivRichrd shod right b Kig. Th irststp to this d is to covic th lordMor o lodo tht Hstigs did iddcommit trso. Bckighm dos iddcovic th lord Mor o this. Richrdth sds Bckighm to divr pbicspch, procimig th igitimc oedwrd IVs hirs.

ACT III, Scene sixTh scrivr m who hs jst iishdcopig dow Bckighms spchor tr i th docs tht hss right throgh th propgd hhs trscribd. H bms Richrd orivtig xcs to xct poiticthrt.

ACT III, Scene sevenBckighm rports to Richrd tht thBritish pbic did ot tk to th idsprstd i th spch. Th strd

i horriid sic wh Bckighmproposd Richrd shod tk th thro,d o hd o Bckighms mrspodd positiv. Th pir schm tomipt th lord Mor ito bggigRichrd to tk th thro. Thir schm

sccdstr, Bckighm d th lordMor id Richrd i igd prr dimpor him rptd to tk th crow.Fi, Richrd costs to big crowdth xt d.

ACT IV, Scene oneeizbth, Dorst, th Dchss o yorkd ld a cov i rot o thTowr o lodo. Th itd to visit thtwo Prics, o to discovr tht Richrdhs orbidd ccss to . St thrrivs to tk a to th corotio so

tht sh might b crowd Q. amts hr t whi th Dchss o yorkcommds tht Dorst go to Frc to joiRichmods rks.

ACT IV, Scene twoTh w crowd Kig Richrd is stiwr bot th prics right to th thro,d ordrs tht Bckighm mrdr thm.Howvr, or th irst tim, Bckighmwvrs d dos ot immdit tkctio. Richrd hirs w hchm(Tr,) who crris ot th kiigs. H

th ts Ctsb to t it b kow thtQ a is o hr dthbd. Privt,h rvs his ittio to mrdr ad mrr yog eizbth, his ic.Bckighm sks or th erdom, whichRichrd rir promisd to bstow pohim. Richrd storms ot d igorsth rqstmost ik i rspos toBckighms rs to ki th Prics.Bckighm rs or his i d s toWs.

ACT IV, Scene threeas Tr rtrs to rport th Prics rdd, Richrd rcps th progrss o hisschmig to imit othr rightcims to th thro. Rtci cts thisg short b ocig tht r th obm hv d to id Richmod.Frthr, Bckighm is dig his owWsh rm gist Richrd. Richrd tksctio b bidig his ow rm to rtrth ttck.


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ACT IV, Scene ourMrgrt trs whi Q eizbthd th Dchss r morig th dthso th Prics. Vrb ccostig th pir,Mrgrt cs th Dchss th mothro mostr d ts eizbth tht hr

sos dths r pmt or th lcstrdths o Hr VI d Pric edwrd.Mrgrt th vs or Frc. Richrdtrs. Th Dchss ts him sh wishstht sh vr gv birth to him d crsshim to di grsom dth. Richrd thtks eizbth isid d iorms hr thth itds to mrr his dghtr. Thoghsh iiti protsts, citig icst dRichrds cts o mrdr, sh vtcosts to spk with hr dghtr botth mttr. Richrd th rcivs ws thtRichmod is pprochig egd t

rmig rt i t o btt ships dRichrd dcids it is tim to mt him ibtt.

ACT IV, Scene iveSt mts Richmods m i scrt.Richrd, sspicios o Sts otis,hs dmdd tht St hd ovr hisso. His so wi b Richrds hostg,d shod St dsrt Richrd, h wib si. St rs this stor to thobm, d wishs his stpso ck ibtt.

ACT V, Scene oneBckighm, o th bock o shmwitig xctio, rmmbrs Mrgrtswords, Rmmbr this othr d, /Wh h [Richrd] sh spit th vr hrtwith sorrow. H dcrs tht h dsrvsto di.

ACT V, Scenes two, three and ourRichmod rcivs th iormtio romSt bot Richrds whrbots drs it to his m. Th mrch owrd,o d w rom rchig Richrd. atcmp, Richrd ttmpts to gviz hism, iormig thm tht Richmod ohs o-third s m sodirs. Richrd iscoidt i his ow victor. aso t cmp,St hops or mor hp itigcrom his stpthr, d rcivs mssgr rom Richrd.

ACT V, Scene iveTh mssgr brigs St ws thtRichrd itds to ki his so i h dosot brig his troops to him b sris.Mwhi, St visits Richmod dpromiss scrt spport h c

mg. Both Richmod d Richrd goto sp d bgi shrd drm. I thdrm, th ghosts o Richrds victimsprd throgh th cmps to spk o thtrocitis Richrd hs committd. Richrdwks, horriid. For th irst tim, hrizs th xtt o his vi.

ACT V, Scene sixWhi Richrd is rig his troops, mssgr rrivs iormig Richrdtht St hs joid Richmods cmpd rss to brig troops. Howvr,

Richmods rm is withi sight, so Richrdprprs or btt with o tim to xctSts so.

ACT V, Scene sevenCtsb iorms norok tht Richrdshors hs b si d Richrd is i rz srchig or Richmod o oot.Richrd pprs, crig th imos i,m kigdom or hors, bt h dosot id o. Richrd cotis o oot,kiig thos i sight.

ACT V, Scene eightRichrd d Richmod i d cto c. Richmod mrgs victorios,sig Richrd with his sword. as th rsto th btt dis dow, St pprs.H hs rmovd th crow rom Richrdscorps, d h ss it to crow Richmod.Richmod bcoms Kig Hr VII i thispivot momt. His irst ct s Kig is todcr tht o Richrds sodirs whoswr gic to th w kig b givmst. Kig Hr VII so ocstht h, lcstr, itds to mrr

yog eizbth, york. This ct wi dth Wr o th Ross d crt th wi o Tdor.

F FctSOlIlOQuy VS.MOnOlOGue

a soioq is spch tht chrctrdivrswh oo th stgwhrs mooog is og spchgiv to othrchrctr. Thtrm soioqdidt comito poprs ti som40 rs trShksprstim, so itsik h did ots th trmhims. Modrxmps o soioq wod

icd thcossiosot trdi ritshows, who cotsttspks privtto th cmr.


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Cst o Chrctrs

King Edward IV, Kig o egdwh th p bgis

Edward, Prince o Wales, tr Kigedwrd V, th 12 r od so oKig edwrd IV

George, Duke o York his brothrd ogr so (g 9) o Kigedwrd IV. aso cd york

Young Elizabeth, dghtr o Kigedwrd IV

Queen Elizabeth, so kows ld Gr, mmbr o th

Woodvi mi, wi o Kigedwrd IV d mothr to york dPric edwrd

Duchess o York, mothr o Kigedwrd IV, Richrd III, d GorgDk o Crc.

George, Duke o Clarence, brothro Kig edwrd IV, so cdCrc

Richard, Duke o Gloucester,

brothr o Kig edwrd IV. CdGocstr i th bgiigo th p, tr bcoms KigRichrd III

Henry, Earl o Richmond, tr KigHr VII, so cd Richmod

Stanley stp-thr o Hr,er o Richmod

Queen Margaret, th ormrQ o egd, mrrid to KigHr VI o th Hos o lcstrwho ws kid i btt. Foowigth kiig, rig powr wstrsrrd to th Hos o york.

Lady Anne, dghtr-i-w o KigHr VI, widow o Pric edwrd,tr mrrid to Richrd III

Duke o Buckingham, Richrdschi dvisor d coidt.

Cardinal Bourchier, archbishop oCtrbr

Thomas Rotherham, archbishop oyork

John Morton, Bishop o e

Duke o Norolk

Earl o Surrey, so o norok

Anthony Woodeville, so kows er Rivrs, brothr o Qeizbth

Marquess o Dorset, Qeizbths so rom prviosmrrig.

Lord Grey, Q eizbths sorom prvios mrrig

Earl o Oxord

Lord Hastings

Lord Stanley, so cd er oDrb

Lord Lovel

Sir Thomas Vaughn

Sir Richard Ratclie

Sir William Catesby

Sir James Tyrrel

Sir James Blunt

Sir Walter Herbert

Sir Robert Brakenbury, litto th Towr

Sir Williams Brandon

Priests (Christopher Urswickmog othrs)

Tressel and Berkeley, gtmttdig o ld a

Keeper o th Towr

Lord Mayor o London

Sheri o Wiltshire

Edward (Earl o Warwick) andMargaret Plantagenet, Crcschidr

Richard, Duke oGloucester

StvWigrtr

King Edward IVapoo Dkkis

Queen ElizabethSs ago

Edward, Princeo Wales

ar Smith

Henry, Earlo Richmond

Frdd Dogs

Duke oBuckinghamJrm Rbb

Lady Annel Kigm


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Whos Who i th P: a Fmi Tr

1STSON

Edward

THEBLACK

PRINCE

2NDSON

Lionel

DUKEOF

CLARENCE

5THSON

Edmund

DUKEOF

YORK

RichardIII

Henry

IV

Henry

Stafford

DUKEOF

BUCKINGHAM

Elizabeth

Edw

ard

Richard

Henry

VII

EARLOF

RICHMOND

Son

Daughte

r

HenryVIII

EdwardVI

Mary

Elizabeth

TheHousesofYork

,LancasterandTudor

EdwardIII

Edmund

Tudor

EARLOF

RICHMOND

Margaret

Beaufo

rt

LordStanley

EARLOF

DERBY

1st =

2nd

=

RichardIII

DUKEOF

GLOUCESTER

LadyAnne

Neville

E

dward

PR

INCEOF

WALES

=

=

George

DUKEOF

CLARENCE

LadyIso

bel

Neville

=

Edward

Elizabe

th

Woodville

LADY

ELIZABE

TH

GREY

EdwardIV

=

=

Richard

DUKEOF

YORK

Cecily

DUCHESS

OFYORK

=

Blanche

4THSON

John

ofGaunt

DUKEOF

LANCASTER

1st =

2nd =

Henry

VI

Margaret

ofAnjou

=

Anne

Mortimer

Richard

EARLOF

CAMBRIDGE

=

Hastings

Bishop

ofEly

Rivers

BROTHERTO

ELIZABETH

WOODVILLE

Grey

BROTHERTO

ELIZABETH

WOODVILLE

COURTIERS

Katherine

Swynford

6THSON

Thomasof

Woodstock

DUKEOF

GLOUCESTER

Henry

V

Katherine

ofValois

OwenTudor

1st =

2nd

=

THEHOUSEOFYORK

THEHOUSEOF

LANCASTER

THEHOUSEOFTUDOR

=


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1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Whos Who i th P: Ordr o Sccssio d Victims

edwrd IVs dst so,Pric edwrd o Ws (g 12)

edwrd IVs scod so,Richrd Dk o york (g 9)

edwrd IVs dghtr, ogeizbth

Gorg, Dk o Crc,edwrd IVs xt dst brothr

Gorgs so,edwrd, er o Wrwick

Gorgs dghtr,

Mrgrt Ptgt

Richrd, Dk o Gocstr

THe ORDeR OFSuCCeSSIOn In

RICHaRD III

This is th ordr whichdtrmis who wod

bcom Kig (or Q)i th vt o Kigedwrd IVs dth.


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RICHARDS VICTIMSRichrd, Dk o Gocstr, bgis th p svth i i orth thro. I his qst to mov his positio cosr, h hdmmbrs o th ro mi d thir is kid. I ordr othir dth, ths wr:

Edward o Wstmistr, Pric o Ws, lcstr dld as hsbd t th bgiig o th p Richard III.Kid i btt o Twksbr b Richrd d his brothrsbor th p bgis.

King Henry VI, his thr, so kid i btt bor th pbgis. Hsbd to Md Mrgrt.

George, Dk o Crc, his brothrVaughan, kism o Kig edwrd IVs wi, Q eizbth Rivers, kism o Kig edwrd IVs wi, Q eizbth Hastings, kism o Kig edwrd IVs wi, Q eizbth Grey, kism o Kig edwrd IVs wi, Q eizbth Prince Edward o Ws (g 12) George, Dk o york (g 9) Lady Anne Neville, rmrrid to Richrd III drig th p Buckingham, Richrd IIIs strogst t th bgiig o th

p, bhdd b th d King Edward IV did o tr css, thogh i th p h

srd cosidrb motio distrss bcs o th dth oCrc, d this ik cotribtd to his dth

Important Figures Reerred to, But Not Appearing in Richard III Warwick, Powr northr egish lord d thr to ld

a nvi Elizabeth, dghtr o edwrd IV. Richrd sks to strgth

his positio b mrrig hr tr ld as dth MistressJaneShore, Mistrss to Kig edwrd IV d tr his

dth mistrss to lord Hstigs DukeofYork, Hsbd to th Dchss o york d thr to

Kig edwrd IV, Rtd, Crc d Richrd Rutland, edmd, er o Rtd, scod so to th Dk d

Dchss o york d odr brothr to Richrdmrdrd blcstri Ciord rs bor

Kig Hr VI

Thtr lorWh do ctors s brk g?

Prhps th sig comsi compictd wrom th so g. I thtr, g is prt o th mchics tht opd cos th crti. To brk g is to r so m crti

cs tht opig d cosigth crti ovr d ovr drig pps css th crtimchics to brk. at th otsto thtr trditio, prs ctdotdoors, whr thr wr ostgs or crtis. apps cmi th orm o oot stompig,which cod idict othrorigi o this phrs.


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a Bri Histor o Th Wr o th Ross

What were the Wars o the Roses?Th Wrs o th Ross wr sris o civiwrs oght ovr cotro o th crow iegd rom 1455 to 1487 C.e. btwth Hoss o lcstr d york, two

brchs o th ro Ptgt mi.Both miis wr dscdd rom sos oKig edwrd IIIJoh o Gt, Dk olcstr, d edmd, Dk o york. Thhoss both cimd thir right to ththro bsd o thir dirct dscdcrom ths two sos; o both sids, thdsir or powr d dispts ovr thpropr ordr o sccssio d to otbrkso vioc s rrs wr srpd dkid. Historis md th coficts thWrs o th Ross bcs, drig thwrs, th yorkists sd whit ros s thir

bdg d th lcstris sd rd ros.at th d o th wr, th victorios Tdormi crtd mbm o sig roswith both rd d whit pts, smboizigth io o th two hoss d wtim o pc. I Richrd III, Shksprdrmtizs th vr d o th sris owrs d th trimph o Hr Tdor.

In Medieval England, what were the ruleso succession?I egd, kigs wr sctd bsd o poitic d rigios cocpt cd thDivi Right o Kigs. Divi Right ws

bsd o th prmis tht th morch wsoitd, or chos to r, b God. Thrwr strict rs o sccssio tht srdtht o mmbrs o th kigs roboodi cod bcom th xt morch,so tht th cotr wod coti to brd b Godgiv thorit. Wh kigdid, th crow pssd to his dst so.I his dst so did d hd o chidr,th crow pssd to th kigs xt odstso, d so o throgh th sos. I thkig hd o chidr, th crow wod goto his odst brothr. I th odst brothr

did d hd o chidr, th crow pssdto th kigs xt odst brothr, d soo. Th ordr o sccssio strtchd rbod sibigs d chidr to grt disptd hir to th thro, v i thkigs tir immdit mi did borhim. accordig to Divi Right, ttmptto rmov propr morch rom ththro ws ct gist God.


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I there were such strict rules aboutsuccession o kings, why were theredisputes over the crown?I 15th ctr egd, th kig hdmost th poitic powr o thcotr. Howvr, th poitic strctr

ws ot bsot morch. I 1215C.e., docmt cd th Mg Crtimitd th powrs o th kig d d toth crtio o Primt, th egishgistiv bod. Th kig ws rqirdto cost with Primt bor mkigimportt dcisiosmost risig txswhich grtd obs d dowrs s i wmkig. I dditio, th kigrqird th spport o ths obs tomiti his r ovr th cotr. at thistim, egd oprtd dr dism, poitic/coomic sstm i which

dowig obs owd rmrs to ivd work o thir proprt i xchgor thir pdg o ot i tims ormd cofict. I th kig md poprdcisios or ws viwd s icompttb his wthir sbjcts, th obs wrb to c p rmis d thrt him with prisig. Drig th Wrs o th Ross,dispts srrodig th propr ordro sccssio d to rs o rbio, sobs risd rmis d vid or powr

wh disstisd with kig r. Wh coqror took th crow, h took stpsto sr tht h ws viwd s th proprkig ccordig to Divi Rightwhich otivovd kiig o s who hd cimto th thro.

How did the dispute over succession beginin the Wars o the Roses?Th cofict bg with th dth o Kigedwrd III i 1377 C.e. edwrd III otivdhis dst soso md edwrd dcd th Bck Pricwho, ccordigto Divi Right, shod hv sccddedwrd III. Th Bck Pric hd so,Richrd, who ws th xt i i or thcrow. Howvr, Richrd ws o 10 rsod d edwrd III hd two othr ivigsos, th Dks o lcstr d york, who

both bivd tht th wod mk bttrcdidts th thir phw, th ogRichrd. upo Kig edwrd IIIs dth, hispriv coci (his dvisor grop o wth,powr ords) dcidd tht th bo shodb crowd Kig Richrd II d his csshod ct s rgts, or primr dvisors,ti th bo cm o g. Th Dks o

york d lcstr ccptd th dcisio,bt sd thir powr to miti rgtstts w ito Richrd IIs dthood. I

Hr IV(Hr Boigbrok)

(1399-1413)

edwrd III(1327-1377)

Hr V(1413-1422)

(Dts idict ch morchs rig)

edwrdTh Bck Pric

(did 1376)

Dk o york(edmd)

4 othr Sos, whoedwrd III otivd

Richrd II(1377-1399)

1st mrrig,Bch lcstr

Dk o lcstr(Joh Gt)


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his 30s, Kig Richrd II bg r-ig egd o his ow, bt h provd ictiv rr d id to pps thrqt dig egish ords. evtv Richrd IIs ow priv coci thoghth ws bd kig. Th gtiv opiios

o th kig d th hoss o lcstr dyork to cosidr ssrtig thir right to ththro. Th Dk o lcstrs dst so,Hr Boigbrok, cimd tht h hdmor o right to b kig th Richrd IIs dscdt o th dst srvivig soo edwrd III. I 1399, with th spport orids d obm gr with Richrdsr, Boigbrok dmdd tht Richrd IIroc th thro d crowd himsKig Hr IV. Fi, h thrw Richrd IIito ji, whr th ormr kig did with ohirs. egd ws ow dr lcstri

r, bt with morch m t hd vio-td Divi Right. (Shkspr drmtizsths vts i th p Richard II.)

How long did the Lancaster amilyrule England?Dspit th cotrovrs srrodig KigHr IVs ris to powr, h rd or 14rs d his so sccdd him withotdispt. Kig Hr V ws comptt dpowr dr, d his wrs to rcim thFrch ds oc hd b edwrd III mdhim popr with his sbjcts. (Shkspr

drmtizs Hr Vs doscc, risto powr d rig i th ps Henry IV,Prts 1 d 2 d Henry V.) uortt,Hr Vs tim dth i 1422 girisd qstios bot sccssio whhis it so ws crowd Kig Hr VI.Odr rtivs ctd s rgts ti Hr

VI cm o g. Drig his rig, Hr VIost Frch ds gid b his thr dstrggd with mt iss. H ws mdv mor popr b poor ttmptto mk pc with Frc b mrrigth Frch kigs dghtr, Mrgrt oajo. ard viwd s wk kig,Hr VI srd mt brkdow i1453, rdrig him icpb o rigth cotr. Th powr d poprRichrd, Dk o york (grdso o th rstDk o york), ws md Protctor o thRm d rd i Hrs std. Cr strogr rr, th Dk o york so th hd vid cim to th thro bcso his dirct dsct rom edwrd IIIs so.

H bg to ssrt his thorit i miorcshs with powr spportrs o Hr

VI. Wh Hr rcovrd i 1455 d tookbck cotro o th crow, Q Mrgrtbit p ic gist Richrd, Dk o

york, to ttmpt to dimiish his ifc.

Th rst btt o th Wrs o th Rossbrok ot i 1455 wh th thwrtdRichrd, Dk o york, risd sm rmd mrchd o lodo, mtig Hr

VIs orcs t St. abs. Richrd bttdbittr with th kigs rm, commdd bMrgrt. Th btt ws yorkist victor,rgiig som ifc or Richrd, dth yorkists d lcstris compromisdto miti th pc or or rs.Howvr, dispts ovr who wod b hirto th thro cotidHr VI hd og so, bt m powr obs

bivd Richrd, Dk o york, shod bth sccssor. Th dispt brok ot itovioc gi i 1459, d Richrd wskid i th Btt o Wkd i 1460.nvrthss, Richrds dst so, edwrdo york, prvid t th Btt o Towtod ws crowd Kig edwrd IV i 1461.edwrd bishd Mrgrt d hr soto Frc d imprisod th ormr kigHr. (Ths vts r drmtizd iShksprs Henry VI, Prts 1, 2 d 3.)

How long were the Yorks in power? Did

the Lancaster amily get the crown back?no, th crow std with th yorks tith wrs d. Kig edwrd IV oght somrbios gist his cim o th egishthro. edwrd IV hd cotrovrsimrrid th widowd commor eizbthWoodvi d, t hr rqst, grtd hrrg xtdd mi tits d vors. ThKigs ogr brothr Richrd, Dk oGocstr, d m othr obs rstdthis. I 1483, Kig edwrd IV did romtr css, d Richrd ws ppoitdrgt or edwrd IVs 13 r od so,gist th wishs o th Qs rtivs.With this positio o powr, Richrdpishd th Woodvis b dig Pricedwrds corotio. Word brok ot thtedwrd IV hd mrrid eizbth Woodviwhi btrothd to othr wom, voidigthir mrrig d mkig thir soigitimt. Jst crowd Kig edwrd V,th egish o ogr cosidrd th boo ro bood. at th rqst o svr


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obs, icdig th Dk o Bckighm,Richrd ws crowd Kig Richrd III.F o trmoi d hppiss, Richrd IIIstwo r rig cocdd th yorks hodo th thro. Hr Tdor, th er oRichmod, ob distt dscdd romth Hos o lcstr, risd rbiod took th crow i 1485 tr dtigRichrd III t th Btt o Bosworth Fid.Richmod soidid his cim to th throb mrrig og eizbth, Kig edwrdIVs dghtr, d itig th Hoss o

york d lcstr. (Ths vts rdpictd i Richard III.)

So who won the war?Th Tdor mi dd p hodig thcrow or v grtios. Hr Tdor,er o Richmod, ws crowd KigHr VII d rd rom 1485-1509.Th bgiig o Richmods r isdpictd i Richard III. His sccssorswr Hr VIII (r.1509-1547), edwrd

VI (r.1547-1553), Mr I (r.1553-1558) deizbth I (r.1558-1603), who rd drigShksprs tim.

(Dts idict ch morchs rig)

THe TuDORS

1stmrrig,Bch

lcstr

Dk olcstr

(JohGt)

Dk oyork

(edmd)

er oSomrst

(JohBort)

er oCmbridg

(Richrd)

Hr IV(1399-1413)

Hr V(1413-1422)

Hr VI(1422-1461) edwrd IV

(1461-1483)Richrd III

(1483-1485)

edwrd V(1483)

Hr VII(HrTdor)

(1485-1509)

mrrigto

Kthri(Frch

Pricss)

Dk oSomrst

(JohBort)

MrgrtBort

Dk oCrc(Gorg)

Dk oyork

(Richrd)

eizbth

edwrd III(1327-1377)

3rdmrrig,CthriSword

er oRichmod(edmd

Tdor)

OwTdor,

(Kthris2d

hsbd)

MaRRIaGe


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d wr itrrd i Wstmistr abbb ordr o Chrs II. I 1933, th boswr xhmd d xmid i ordr tottmpt to mk idtit coirmtio.Dna tchoog ws ot t vib, ths

mkig it impossib to diitiv s thbogd to th two ost prics.

O J 4, 1997, th uitd SttsSprm Cort hd mock tri todtrmi Richrds git i th mrdrs.I 3-0 dcisio, Chi Jstic WiimRhqist d th Hoorb JsticsStph G. Brr, d Rth BdrGisbrg xortd Richrd bsd oth idig tht th prosctio hdot stbishd his git prssivd bod rsob dobt. It wsstbishd i th tri tht Bckighm hdmotiv to hv th prics kid, s w.Frthr, th bos tht hd b od ith towr wr ot cocsiv show tob thirs. Tdor propgd pbishd tth tim ws bisd gist Richrd (prt oth otgoig ro mi) d is ot thso sorc sd to poit towrds his git.Howvr, th propgd ws gd bth ds to b so bisd s to rd itdvoid o ct whtsovr.

Physical Deormity: Real or Imagined?Th r Richrd III m hv hd sightbodi dormit, bt this is dbtd widmog xprts.

Richrd III is sdrd b Mrgrt iRichard IIIs poisoos bch-bckd tod d bottd spidr.a chrctrizs him s mpo o dormit, d disdictio o m. Richrd III himscims h hs mp ik viosmoti o his bck, i Henry VIPrt3, d compis h is disproportiodi vr prt. I Richard III, Richrdscompits ctr rod his rm, whichis ik bstd spig, withrd p.Howvr, Shkspr hs bsd thstxt rrcs i his ps to Richrdsphsic trits rg o th work o egishthor d wr Sir Thoms Mor. Mchhs b do to rt ths writigsb Mor, which cotmporr historisdcr s mr pbishd dcrtios ogic to th Tdor mi.

King Edward V and the Duke of York in the Tower of London, b P Droch.

Did yoKow?Th r RichrdIII did t g32. athoghh ws irog, thchrctr iShksprsp is otportrd b mch odrctor. Sir I

McK ws56 wh hportrdRichrd III i thmovi vrsioo th p, dlrc Oivirws 48.

The Two Princes Edward and Richard in the Tower,1483b Sir Joh evrtt Miis, 1878, prt o th

Ro Hoow pictr coctio.


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Biogrph o Wiim Shkspr

WIllIaM SHaKeSPeaRe(1564-1616), pot, pwright d ctor, ws borto Mr ard d Joh Shkspr i Strtord-upo-avo, egd oapri 23, 1564.

athogh mch is writt bot him, vr itt docmttio o his isrvivs bod th pbic rcords o his birth, dth, mrrig d icitrsctios. Shkspr probb ttdd th edwrd VI Grmmr Schoo,whr his stdis wod hv b most xcsiv i lti.

at g 18, h mrrid a Hthw (g 26), who gv birth to dghtr

Ss, jst six moths tr th wddig. I 1585, a gv birth totwis Hmt (who ivd o 11 rs) d Jdith. Th rs 1585-91 rcosidrd th ost rs, or which thr r o xtt rcords rtig toShkspr. Somtim i this priod, howvr, h sttd i lodo.

I 1592 h ws istd s ctor with th lord Strgs Prs, or whomh wrot his irst p, th high sccss Henry VI, Prt 1, oowdimmdit b th sqs Henry VI, Prts 2 & 3 i th sm r. Ovr thcors o 20 rs, h wrot 148 sots, 3 og poms, d th 37 pstht r i cotios prormc rod th word tod.

1599 mrkd th opig o th otdoor Gob thtr i which Shksprws shrhodr. Btw 1610 d 1612, Shkspr rtird to Strtord,whr h did i 1616 t g 52. H is brid i Strtord Prish Chrch.

Othr ps b Shkspr prodcd t a nois Withi icd: Hamlet,The Merchant of Venice, Coriolanus, Romeo and Juliet, The Tempest, AllsWell That Ends Well, King Lear, A Midsummer Nights Dream, As You Like It,Twelfth Night, The Winters Tale, King Richard III, Much Ado About Nothing,The Taming of the Shrew, Cymbeline, The Comedy of Errors, Pericles, LovesLabours Lost, Macbeth d Julius Caesar.


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1564Coqistdors crossth Pcic oc. WiimShkspr, ChristophrMrow, d Gio Giir bor.

1565St. agsti, Fl isodd, mkig it thodst rmiig eropsttmt.

1567Kig Jms VI bcoms Kigo Scotd.1572Th St. Brthomws DMsscr i Pris.

1577Sir Frcis Drk sts ot ohis vog rod th word.

1579Sir Frcis Drk ds iCiori d cims it orQ eizbth I.

1582Pop Grgor XIIIimpmts thGrgori cdr.

Wiim Shkspr da Hthw mrr.

1583Shksprs rst chid,Ss, is bor.1585Shksprs twis,Hmt d Jdith, r bor.

1587a grop o sttrs rrivo Rook Isd, Va to

rstt th dsrtd coo.Mr, Q o Scots, isbhdd. Th Ros Thtris odd i lodo.

1590-1591Henry VIPrts II d IIIwritt.

1592Henry VIPrt I writt.Richard IIIcomptd.Comedy of Errors possibwritt.

1593Pg pidmic rgsi lodo, kiig ovr 11,000pop. Christophr Mrowmrdrd. Titus Andronicusprobb writt. The Tamingof the Shrewis probbwritt.

1594Shkspr is ctor,pwright, d prt owro th lord ChmbrisM. Loves Labours Lostiswritt. Two Gentlemen ofVerona possib writt.Romeo and Julietmost ikwritt. Loves Labours Wonwritt (ost p)

1595Shksprs Romeoand Julietis prormd orth rst tim. Shksprprobb writs AMidsummer Nights Dreamd Richard II.

1596Cmbridg uivrsit isodd. King John probbwritt. The Merchant ofVenicerst prormd.

1597Henry IVPrt I most ikwritt.

1598Shksprs m bgisto ppr o th tit pgo his ps. Henry IVPrt II

probb writt.

1599First prormc o JuliusCaesard Henry Vilodo. Shkspr mostik writs Much AdoAbout Nothing. Shksprprobb thors As YouLike It.

1600Tscop ivtd b DtchOpticis. The Merry Wivesof Windsorcomptd.

1601A Midsummer Nights Dreamprmirs i lodo. Othellopossib writt. Troilus andCressida most probbwritt. Shkspr drtsHamlet.

1602First prormc oTwelfth Night.

1603Q eizbth I dis d isscdd b hr cosi, KigJms I o egd, itigth crows o egd dScotd. Pg i egd.Shkspr writs Alls Wellthat Ends Well.

1604Motr, Cd isodd. ShksprsOthello is prormd orth rst tim. Measure forMeasureprormd t cort.

1605

Th Gpowdr Pot. Firstpbic ibrr stbishdi Rom. Th rst prt oMig Crvts DonQuixoteis pbishd.King Learpossib writt.Macbeth possib writt.

1606Antony and Cleopatrapossib writt.

1607Jmstow, Va is odd

d bcoms th rstprmt egish Coo.Timon of Athens possibwritt. Coriolanus possibwritt.

1608Qbc Cit, Cd isodd b th Frch.Pericles, Prince of Tyrepossib writt.

1609Gio dmostrtsth rst tscop.Hr Hdso discovrsth Hdso Rivr.ShakespearesSonnetsr pbishd. Cymbelinewritt.

1610The Winters Talepossibwritt.

1611Th Kig Jms Bib ispritd or th rst tim iegd. The Tempestisprormd or th rst tim.

1612Hr VIII writt. The TwoNoble Kinsman most ikwritt. Cardenio writt(with Joh Ftchr).

1613a r dstros lodosGob Thtr.

1615Th scod vom o MigCrvts Don Quixoteispbishd.

1616Wiim Shkspr disd is brid i th chco th Ho Triit Chrch iStrtord-po-avo.

1623First Foio pbishd.

The dates of Shakespearesplays are a subject ofcontinuing debate andshould be taken asapproximate.

Shkspr Timi 1564-1623


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Shksprs Vrs d Pros

Many PeOPle r trd o b Shkspr sth id his works diict to rd d drstd.It is hrd to biv tht pop spok th w hischrctrs do. Bt with itt iormtio, o tooc spk th spch d tk th tk. Shksprwrot his ps i two orms: pros d vrs.

PROSEPros is th orm sd b th commo pop iShkspr drm. It is so th orm sd wh chrctr rds ttr ot od. Thr is orhthm or mtr i th i. It is vrd ggd Shksprs dic wod rcogiz it sthir gg. Th mmbrs o th ro mirr ss pros spch, bt th citizs o thstrts o lodo rqt s pros. Hr, thFirst Citiz commts o th crowig o thog Pric:

FIRST CITIZen

So stood th stt wh Hr th SixthWs crowd i Pris bt t i moths od.

VERSETh mjorit o Shksprs ps r writti vrs, or two primr rsos: trditio dmmoriztio. Sic th bgiig o thtr,ps hd b writt i vrs. Shkspr wso o th irst pwrights to s both prosd vrs wh it sitd him. Vrs is sir tommoriz th pros. Shkspr ss vrs to

dot mmbrs o th obiit d th ppr css.Shksprs ob chrctrs m spk i vrs,bt th vrg ob did ot. Th vrs orm thtShkspr ss is cd bk vrs. It dos otcoti rhm, bt ch i hs itr rhthmd rgr rhthmic pttr, ik hrtbt.Shkspr tiizs imbic ptmtr. a imbicptmtr is combitio o strssdsb oowd b strssd sb. Ptmtrms tht thr r iv strssd sbs pr i.For t-sb i, imbic ptmtr trsth cct o trtig sbs, bgiig withth scod sb. lik this:

dh-DuM, dh-DuM, dh-DuM, dh-DuM, dh-DuM

Hr is xmp rom Richard III:

GlOuCeSTeRnow is th witr o or discott

Md gorios smmr b this s o york;ad th cods tht owrd po or hosI th dp bosom o th oc brid.

Shkspr d his cotmporris jod sigothr itrr dvics sch s itrtio, i whichth sm sod is rptd i i or grop ois; rptitio, whr th sm word is rptdi th vrs; d tcsis, th rptitio o crti word or phrs, bt with dirt migch istc. Shkspr so sd ps d



20/35


mtphor to istrt his poit o viw s withth s o york i th xmp bov rrrigto Kig edwrd IV so o th Dchss o york.

Somtims Shkspr djstd words to itth vrs. For xmp, i o hv th word

gorios, it c b djstd to it two sbs:gor-s s i th xmp bov. Othr tims,words c b strtchd to it xtr sb,s i th oowig xmp, which strtchs thword dmd to b spok s dm-d. I thisistc, th procitio is show with cct ovr th .

GReyGod bss th Pric rom th pck o o!a kot o r o dmd bood-sckrs,

actors c t b scig i (cd

scsio) which words r importt dhow st to s thm. Wh two chrctrs rspkig, th wi iish th t sbs ddor i. This is cd shrd i or spit i.

anneWhr is h?

GlOuCeSTeRHr

[anne spits t him.]Wh dost tho spit t m?

Th xt qot is istc whr word wstrctd i ordr to it th vrs.

anneI tho o throt tho ist!

Hr, ist is writt with postrophso s to cr idict tht th word is to bproocd i o sb so s to it th vrsstrctr. Prt o th ctors homwork whprprig or Shkspr ro is to dissctch i, pickig ot th words tht shod bstrssd, trctig d ogtig words whcssr, d workig ot whr to brthbtw is. Srprisig, Shkspr mksthis qit s i th imbic ptmtr. Hpcs th most importt words o th cct.Words ik th,is, d d r o thcctd portios.

Shksprs gg m sm origto s tod, bt it is odr vrsio o orgg. Shkspr d his cotmporrisookd po gg s xib d costtvovig. H chgd d borrowd words romothr ggs d ivtd som hims. Hsd vrbs i both thir tiqtd d modrorms. Gossris r vib diig thrchic words d ditios o Shksprsps coti gossr or ootots. Howvr,th Oxord egish Dictior icds mobsot words d givs xmps o sg d

wh it ws irst sd i itrtr. Most cogd ivrsit ibrris hv cop o th OeDd it is so vib o CD-Rom.

Thtr lorWh r ctors cd thspis?

I th sixth ctr B.C., Grkchors prormr md Thsps wsth rst prso i histor to stp wrom th chors d spk b hims,xchgig diog with th gropd imprsotig chrctr istdo simp rcitig stor s th chorshd do bor th.


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Shksprs Words d Phrss

WHen SHaKeSPeaRe WaS WRITInG HIS PlayS, modr egishws i costt stt o chg. Th gg ws bsorbigwords rom othr ctrs, d to wr, dipomc d cooiztio.M o Shksprs cotmporris ckd th vocbrto xprss thir ids. So, writrs sch s Christophr Mrow,

Shkspr, edmd Spsr or Sir Phiip Sid ivtd,borrowd or doptd words rom othr ggs. This procssis cd oogizig. It is stimtd tht btw th rs 1500d 1659, 30,000 w words wr ddd to th egish gg.Cctig th mbr o words ivtd b Shkspr isdiict, bt ovrookig vritios o rd xistig words oth d d compods, it is stimtd tht Shkspr coidpproximt 600 words drivig rom lti o. Som xprtsst th tot mbr o words cotribtd b Shkspr tob 10,000. M o th words w s i or commo, vrdgg wr ivtd b Shkspr.

Words that appeared in print or the irst time in Richard III:BottdDiscottRcorosTrditio (first time used as an adjective)ugovrduswduwiigssurgig

CLASSROOM CONNECTION

Shkspr coid words orhis ps tht wr dirct dimmdit dd to t his storis.

Cosidr how th words Shksprcoid or Richard IIIcoct to ththms o th p, d sk stdtsto do th sm.

aCTIVITIeS

nask stdts to tk o o thwords coid i th p d dscribhow it itrcts with with o o itschrctrs. withi th p withrspct to o o its chrctrs.For xmp, Richrd III is thorogh

govrd i th p, s h ctsotsid th r o w to sbvrt thmorc.

nnot th or istcs tht wordwith th prix ws coid orth p. ask stdts to thoriz whShkspr m hv dd so mgtiv vrsios o ths words.

Words withotthoghts vr tohv go.HAMLET, aCT III, SCene III


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I o cot drstd m rgmtd dcr Its Grk to m, o rqotig Shkspr; i o cim to b morsid gist th siig, o r qotigShkspr; i o rc or sd ds, or qotig Shkspr; i o ct mor isorrow th i gr, i or wish is thr toth thoght, i or ost proprt hs vishdito thi ir, o r qotig Shkspr; i ohv vr rsd to bdg ich or srd

rom gr-d jos, i o hv pdst d oos, i o hv b tog-tid, towr o strgth, hoodwikd or i pick,i o hv kittd or brows, md virto cssit, isistd o ir p, spt ot owik, stood o crmo, dcd ttdc(o or ord d mstr), ghd ors itostitchs. Hd short shrit, cod comort or toomch o good thig, i o hv s bttrds or ivd i oos prdiswh, btht s it m, th mor oo o o, or it is

orgo cocsio tht o r (s good ckwod hv it) qotig Shkspr; i o thikit is r ds d cr ot bg d bggg,i o thik it is high tim d tht tht is thog d short o it, i o biv tht th gmis p d tht trth wi ot v i it ivovsor ow sh d bood, i o i ow ti thcrck o doom bcs o sspct o p,i o hv or tth st o dg (t o swoop) withot rhm or rso, thto giv

th dvi his di th trth wr kow (orsr o hv tog i or hd) o rqotig Shkspr; v i o bid m goodriddc d sd m pckig, i o wish Iwr dd s door-i, i o thik I m sor, ghig stock, th dvi icrt, sto hrtd vii, th bood-midd or bikig idiot, thb Jov! O lord! Tt, Tt!For goodss sk! Wht th dicks! Bt mo btsit is o to m, or o r qotigShkspr.

BeRnaRD leVIn sms p th impct o Shksprs phrsoog i th oowig romThe Story of English. Robrt McCrm, Wiim Cr d Robrt Mcni. Vikig 1986:

accssibaccommodtioaccsdaddictio

(Shakespearemeanttendency)

admirbadvrtisigamzmt

assssitioBditBogigsBirthpcBktBrcdBshigBtCtrChmpioCircmstti

CtchCodhrtdCoorCompCompromisCortshipCotssCriticDtssDisoct

DiststDistrstDowstirsDwidembrceggmtepipticevtexposrFshiobFixtr

FwdForttrFomothdFrgF-growGrosGoomGrGossipGst

HitHobobHrridImpdImprtiIvrbJddlblolov lttrlggg

lstrosMdcpMjsticMtmorphizMimicMomtMotiossngotitObscOvrgrowth

PgtrPtrPiosPrmdittdPricssPkigRdicRicRstortioRtirmtRvotig

SvgrSchooboScScrShipwrckdSkim mikSbmrgTortrTrqiudrss

umitigtdururivdupstirsususssWorthssZ

Othr Words Coid b Shkspr:


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now is th Witr o or Discott: Th Spch

GLOUCESTER

now is th witr o or discott

Md gorios smmr b this s o york;ad th cods tht ord po or hos

I th dp bosom o th oc brid.

now r or brows bod with victorios wrths;

Or brisd rms hg p or momts;

Or str rms chgd to mrr mtigs,

Or drd mrchs to dight msrs.

Grim-visgd wr hth smoothd his wrikd rot;

ad ow, istd o motig brdd stds

To right th sos o r dvrsris,

H cprs imb i ds chmbr

To th scivios psig o t.

Bt I, tht m ot shpd or sportiv tricks,

nor md to cort moros ookig-gss;

I, tht m rd stmpd, d wt ovs mjst

To strt bor wto mbig mph;

I, tht m crtid o this ir proportio,

Chtd o tr b dissmbig tr,

Dormd, iishd, st bor m tim

Ito this brthig word, scrc h md p,

ad tht so m d shiob

Tht dogs brk t m s I ht b thm;

Wh, I, i this wk pipig tim o pc,

Hv o dight to pss w th tim,

uss to sp m shdow i th s

ad dsct o mi ow dormit:

ad thror, sic I cot prov ovr,

To trti ths ir w-spok ds,

I m dtrmid to prov vii

ad ht th id psrs o ths ds.

Pots hv I id, idctios dgros,

B drk prophcis, ibs d drms,

To st m brothr Crc d th kig

I dd ht th o gist th othr:

ad i Kig edwrd b s tr d jst

as I m sbt, s d trchros,

This d shod Crc cos b mwd p,

abot prophc, which ss tht G

O edwrds hirs th mrdrr sh b.

CLASSROOM CONNECTION

nGo throgh o th stps o scsiowith 8-10 is o th spch: Divid itogrops o two sbs, ddig strssdd strssd mrks. Dcid which wordsr most importt to strss, d wh.Mrk p th pssg d rd it ot odto th css. Discss which choics rbttr d wh.

nTr rdig this mooog ot odsig ctivit. yo wi d to hv itir w rd i ordr to do this. yor

ctivit cod b odig dr, cotigmo, gttig rd or big prt,writig ttr, tc. How dos th ctioct th w o rd th mooog? Isit sir to do with or withot th ctio?

enGlISH lanGuaGe aRTS STanDaRDS-Grds9-12: Rdig 1.3, Compositio 2.1, litrr Rspos3.3, 3.4, 3.7, listig & Spkig

a actor Prprsa itrviw with a nois WithisRichrd III, Stv Wigrtr.

What are some o thethings you think aboutwhen approaching aamous speech likethis one?as ctor o o thchgs ivovd ithis mooog wod b

to rsist pig sbtxt.Richrd is obviosdriv b copios

mots o rstmt, gr d s pit,bt ths r itrior motivs d igsd mst ot b pd. Im ot v srRichrd is tot wr o th orcs thtswir rod i his hrt d mid.

(cotid)

Stv Wigrtr


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What are some o the challenges that youexperience as an actor with this piece?This irst mooog is ssti to kickigth p o to th right strt. I mstsomhow commict i this irst spch:1. Th word wr i, 2. Who I m, d3. Wht I p to do. So, I hv to ggth dic o vr itimt v. Issc Im owig th dic ito thdpths o m privt hrt d ivitigthm to joi m s co-cospirtors, bcsth r priv to th trth. (as opposdto th othr chrctrs i th p, who

r dcivd s to m tr tr, withth otb xcptio o Mrgrt.) WhiIm obvios st prso, I mst bstrg smpthtic to th dic orth p to work.

Is it diicult to play such an evil person?It is chg to mk sociopthickir ikb. This c b do withhmor, chrm d srcstic witprovidd b Shksprs trriicscript. uik Hmt, most o Richrdsmooogs r dirct ddrss to thdic. I ssc, Richrd is istigth dic to joi him o this drk

jor. at th bgiig o th p thdic is t bit o disdvtgotbig wr o th xtsiv histor o thWr o th Ross. Richard IIIis th d o

Shksprs og Henry IVtriog, dso it is xtrm importt.

Thtr lorWh is it bd ck to sMcbth isid th thtr?

Thr r m origis or this sprstitio.Od ctors biv th witchs sog iMcbth to possss th c powr ocstig vi sps. Th rsos or this rs brig ts o ccidts d i-ortstht hv pgd prodctios o th p

throghot th word. a trtiv is thtth sprstitio bg i th ds o stockcompis, which wod strgg to rmi ibsiss. Frqt, r th d o sso, comp wod riz it ws ot goigto brk v, d, i ttmpt to boosttickt ss, wod oc th prodctioo crowd vorit: Mcbth. I tims wrprticr bd, th p wod rqt b portt o th comps dmis.


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aim Smboism i Richard III

THROuGHOuT RICHARD III, chrctrs r rrrd to sigim imgr or smboism. Th oowig dscriptios shodhp o to bttr drstd th historic cotxt o th imss w s thir migs i th p.

The BoarTh bor srvs two historic prposs. accordig to Britishrcords, th bor ct ws Richrd IIIs btt smbo thtws grvd o his prso crsts d shids. I eizbthtims, crti ims, icdig th bor, wr rsrvd sprivt htig or th ro mi. Thror, bor cod ob kid b obm, jst s Richrd is i kid b somowith mor gitimt cim to th thro. Richrd is most

commo rrrd to s th bor b Hstigs d St, swh h is big his most trchros or dcitchrctristicsot ssocitd with bors i this xmp wh Hstigsiorms Sts mssgr tht Richrd wi ht thm i vsight provokd:

HaSTInGSTo fly the boat before the boar pursuesWere to incense the boar to follow usAnd make pursuit where he did mean no chase

The Spider, The Hedgehog and The Toad

Th eizbths bivd i th Grt Chi o Bigphiosoph, which ws simir to th ood chi. Th Grt Chio Big sttd tht hm bigs wr highst o th chi(Kigs big th highst o th hms) d iscts d vrmiwr th owst o th ims t th bottom. B cig Richrd spidr, hdghog d tod, ld a ms to s tht his disrptig th tr ordr b hodig ro powr so ow oth ood chi. accordig to th phiosophic prcpts, th ow to rstor ordr wod b to ki him. Shksprs immtphors s i this spch so drscor Richrds ssdsirb ttribts. a thr o ths crtrs r vomos ddgrosik Richrdd th tod hs hchd bck, whichis th dormit m ttribt to him.

laDy anneDost grant me, hedgehog? Then God grant me tooThou mayst be damned for that wicked deed!


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adptig Richard IIIt a nois Withi

BeCauSe RICHARD IIIis o o Wiim Shksprsogr ps, thr is rw ss o vitit d orwrdmotio to th pic. I ct hp bt tht Shksprws bgiig to discovr th r dpth d th impct o his tt d powr, d h shows o bit with

wodr igistic irworks i this p. This mks sigth prormc th mor powr or th dicthwodr witticisms d xptivs tk o w migwh ct spok od.

Th drig poprit o th p is rg d to thpricip ro o Richrd. H is sch cotgios prsoit,dightig i th mhm h hs st i motio, d ovigvr mit o it. as dic, w most gitbot or scrt odss or him. Whi Iv vr dirctdthis pic bor, I pd th tit ro i a nois Withisprvios prodctio i 1997 d Im idig this procss to b itrstig djstmt i prspctiv. Obvios kowig

th p w bcs o m prvios xpric with it mksm tht I hv g p, so to spk, bt I ow hv thdditio tsk o xporig th p rom th otsid i dot jst rom Richrds mid ot.

Im sttig th prodctio i its itdd priod: tmdiv, 1483, th r o th btt o Bosworth, whrRichrd ws kid. athogh it is crti vid to st thisd othr Shkspr ps i dirt priods, I thr is itgib powr tht mts rom th priodShkspr hd i mid wh h wrot Richard III. Sttigth show i th itdd priod rmids s tht ot o isthis grt work o Shksprs ictio bt it is so vr

mch grodd i histor d Richrd ws vr r m.I hop tht, wh o s th p, o g rom thisitrprttio o Richard III, a ss o th dstrctiv powro istib grd. Richrdd or tht mttr, most o thothr chrctrs i this pis so bt o sizig powr omttr th cost, tht wh h i chivs his go, ththro, his word s prt. Richrd is orcd to xpric,probb or th irst tim, compt d dsot oiss,d I thik thts th timt mssg to b od i thistxt: grd ot o dstros th xtr victims bt soc t w t os so. I this w, th p dos hv rdmptiv powrt th d, Richrd is trsormd romig ito smpthtic prso, cpb o igtr cpbiit d rmors. Th p mks Richrd hm.ad, i witssig this trsormtio, w r b to rcto or ow hmit.

GeOFF ellIOTT, DIReCTOR

Go eiott

Thtr lorWht is ghost ight?

Thr is sprstitio tht i mptid thtr is vr tcompt drk, ghost wi tk prsidc. I othr vrsios o thsm sprstitio th ghosts o pstprormcs rtr to th stgto iv ot thir gor momts. Toprvt this, sig ight cd ghost ight is t brig t ctrstg tr th dic d o thctors d msicis hv go.

now, thos i th word o thtrkow tht drk thtr is owithot p. Thr is othig sddrto drmtic rtist th mpthos d pss stg. Thror, ight is t brig ctr stg sotht th thtr is vr drk; it issimp witig th xt prodctio.

Go eiott is Co-artistic Dirctort a nois Withi. H hs dirctdovr 50 prodctios to dt,

icdig The Tempest, Henry IVPrt 1, The Winters Tale, Othello,d A Midsummer Nights Dream.Mr. eiott hs so ctd imros prossio prodctioswith a nois Withi d mothr prossio thtrs.


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I th Cssroom: Sggstd activitis

enGlISH lanGuaGe aRTS STanDaRDS Grds 9-10: 1.4, 1.10-12,2.2-2, 2.4-d, 3.1,3.4-5,3.9-10,3.11-12. Grds 11-12: Rdig 3.2,3.4,Writig 2.1,c,d,,2.2-c,listig d Spkig 1.4, 1.6-7,2.1-c,2.1-c,2.3-b.

Discuss: Beore the Perormance

n atr rdig th p, wht r or imprssioso Richrd? Do o thik tht h commits vi ctsso bcs h wishs to b Kigor is h mor

itrisic vi? Giv tht Kigs d to gg iwrs d r with irm hd, do o thik h wodh mk good Kig? Wh or wh ot?

n Wht is or iiti imprssio o Mrgrt? Do oid hr to b smpthtic chrctr?

n Do o thik tht ithr o th two og Pricskow o Richrds ps to gt rid o thm? Wht csi th txt spport or opiio ithr w?

nTkig cos ook t gg, isot rs iRichrds spchs whr h ss rt dcptio

d owr words. Cotrst ths with th spchsdivrd to th dic whr h rvs his trittios. Dos Richrd do vrthig h sts otto do? I wht ws dos his miptio o othrchrctrs srpris o, or is vr mov h mks idot t d th ctd, jst s h ps?

Discuss: Ater the Perormance

n atr sig th p, how hv or thoghts botRichrds ihrt vi d Kig-ik qitis chgd?How hv th std th sm?

n Th p Richard IIIws origi ctgorizd s histor p, d ow it is cd trgd. Which doo thik is mor pproprit? Wht vts st thpot i motio, d r th trgic or historic i tr?

n Do o thik tht sttig th p i othr timd pc wod chg th w th rtioships ith p wr codctd? Wod o hv md thsm choic i o wr stgig th p?

English Language Arts Activities:Character Description & Soliloquy

n Wom i Richard III: ld a nvi chooss tomrr th m rsposib or hr hsbd d Fthr-

i-ws dths. Rct with stdts o thir viws othis choic:

1. Wht r th choics ord to widows drigld as tim? Wht bot cotmporrwidowswht kids o soci stigm r ttchd tothm owds?2. Wh do o thik tht sh mrris Richrd? Dossh, too, r or powr? Or is sh mr trig tomk th bst o hr sittio?3. Hv stdts rsrch th r ld anvi to hp spport thir viws. Th widiscovr, or xmp, tht sh hd chidr withRichrd. Dos this chg th w tht th s hrdcisios? Wht imgs or storis rom tvisioshows, ws, movis, books or mgzis spportths viws? How do o s thm pig ot ior prso xprics?

n I Shksprs ps, most o th mi chrctrshv momt wh th spk o d tk botthmsvs d thir viws d dsirs. This is cd mooog, or soioq.

Th most mos mooog i Richard IIIis Richrdsopig spch tht bgis, now is th witr o ordiscott Hv stdts s chrctr dscriptios

rom Richard IIIto crt short pom, mooog orrp tht wi bspok i css rom th irst prso si th wr tht chrctr. atrtiv, hv stdtswrit ppr dscribig thir chos chrctr.

Critical Review

n Go eiott, Dirctor o Richrd III t a nois Withi,hd spciic visio or th p. I tr with or tmo dirctors d dsigrs, th cobortd to crtth p o viwd. ask stdts to writ rviw othir p xpric, ocsig o ithr stor, pot,

ctig, dirctig, or dsig mts, d shr it withs i th edctio dprtmt t a nois Withi.


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Vis arts: Crtig th Word o Richard III

THE DESIGN FOR RICHARD IIIdrws po citsto ris i erop. Th citis crmbig iGrc d Wstr erop ord ispirtio tost dsigr Drc Sci, s sh crtd spcboth ispird d did b sto mooiths d

cscds o stirs. Dp smboic, th st crtdb Sci itrcts with th p so s to riorcids o th vst histor d omipotc o thmorch, d so th hm strggs thtprovid so mch coict i th p:

The Director Geoff and I wanted to createa space that feels like the ruins of an ancientfortress, set high on a precipice above the coldblustery landscape of England. Geoff was veryinterested in the idea that this is a cold, hard, wetand unforgiving world, so I began my research bylooking at ancient stone structures and found a

photo of the ruins at Mycenaenear Epidaurus, theoldest theater in the world. The steps in the photosuggested the narrow winding passageways thatdescend down into the tower of London and leadup into the castle. Most importantly, the triangularlanding suggested a position for the throne, withtwo opposing and ascending paths leading towardit. We decided to incorporate that architectureinto the set. We positioned the throne at thetriangular landing, above the rest of the spacefor visual and staging power. This arrangement ofthrone to steps is all about conflict, both physicallyand metaphorically. It creates powerful stagingdynamics for the actors, involving different heights,levels, opposites and diagonals and metaphoricallysignifies the struggle for power.

Historic corotiothro t Wstmistrabb. This throhs b sd i corotios sic 1308d is th ristsrvivig xmp o egish ro thro.

Th thtr t epidrs, Grc.

Ca COnTenT STanDaRDS: artistic Prcptio 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, Crtiv exprssio 2.1, 2.5, Historic d Ctr Cotxt 3.3, asthtic Vig 4.5.

St dsig or Richard IIIb Drc Sci.


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SuGGeSTeD aCTIVITIeS

1. Scptr mod: usig ir-dr or ki-ird c, sk stdts to mod sigrpic o ritr to dd to or st orRichard III. Stdts m mod stobch, chdir or w scoc, rgtb, or thro. us dsigs o th strom this std gid d photogrphs oacit Grk ris d othr eropris sch s Stohg s sorcs ovis ispirtio. Wh compt, skstdts to xpi th tr o th pic

whr it bogs o stg, d wh itithr riorcs or cts i oppositio too o th ctr thms o th p. Forxmp, i sot rmchir is modd,s stdts to vrb dscrib or writhow it sots th st d cts to gtth hrsh, gr rit providd b th-sto viromt. ask stdts ithir pic rcts prticr chrctrsprsc i th roomor xmp, lda might s sot rmchir whrsRichrd might d somthig mor hrsh.

2. Trigr cog: usig o trigrshps o ct ppr with imitd coorptt, sk stdts to crt cogbsd o otdoor viromt. usbooks o grd imgs d dscps sispirtio, icorportig cbist, srrist,d othr modr rt sts. Tr skigstdts to s o bck, gr, d whittrigs or thir cog i ordr to ocso th ws tht dirt kids o trigsitrrt d coct to sggst morrodd shps. Discss s css whiishd, mkig obsrvtios bot shpd i. Wht kids o cogomrtshps c b dvisd to s short, sqttrigs or og, rrow os with oobts g?

RuInS aT MyCenaeSittd i th orthwstr corr o th pc t Kossos, this is th ristkow thtr i th histor o Wstr rchitctr. Th pc ws thrsidc o th ormr kig o Crt, d dts bck to s r s 2000 BC,d bcm th ctr o th civiiztio tht domitd th ag s rom1600BC-1400BC. Th thtr is possib th irst strctr costrctd orth so prpos o owig spcttors to viw vt. This is th probboctio or th mth o Kig Mios, romTh Miotr d th lbrith.


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Msic: Sggstd activitis

MuSIC STanDaRDS-Grds 9-12 Procit: artistic Prcptio 1.4-1.6, Crtiv exprssio 2.1, 2.4, asthtic Vig 4.3-4.4.

Th Dis Ir

Richrd III is prhps th most icoic Shkspr vii. His viiicds th mrdr o og ist o mis, d his stor cojrs

imgs o scr storis tod i th drk t cmpirs or horror ims. Fora nois Withis dpttio o Richard III, th msic trd icds pprc o th most ot sd crp msic moti i wstrmsic sic th 13th ctr: th Dies Irae.

Th Dies Irae(lti or D o Wrth) is cit hm bsd o pom o 17 stzs. Bt mor importt, th Grgori picht tto which th pom ws st is th sig most miir msic rgmt imodr msic. Th Dies Irae is show o th st bow:

Th irst ight pitchs o th Dies Iraer sd wid i commrcis, imscors (ot or horror movis,) crtoos, rock msic, d cssic msic.Th t is most ot ssocitd with vi, ss o orbodig, oromios, drk moods. O w-kow xmp is Tim Brtos NightmareBefore Christmas, whri th mod o th sog Mkig Christms is dirct rcittio o th Dies Irae.

I a nois Withis dpttio o Richard III, th sog Pie Jesu is sgb th two Prics. It, too is bsd o th Dies Iraeits rics r thi stz o th pom.

Suggested Activities:

1. listig: P th Dies Iraeo kbord istrmt, s rcordigssch s Briozs Smphoi Ftstiq, or p th podcst sggstdbow. ask stdts to idti th thm withi th orchstrtio. askstdts to xpi th dvics mpod b composrs to providtsio d rs i th xmps pd (ogtio o ots,shortd igrs, phrsig, tc.). I bsic rhthm istrmts r vib,sk stdts to bt ot th rhthms hrd or th irst 8 ots o th DiesIraei ch xmp.

2. Mkig Coctios: ask stdts to brig i xmps romcotmporr sogs tht tr mts o ssps, orbodig, d drk coor. P ths xmps i css d ttmpt to idti portioso th Dies Iraeprst. C cr xmps o th Dies Iraeb od ipopr msic? Wht chgs hv b md, d wht motio ct

do ths chgs hv o th pic s who? Wht mig is drivdrom th pic bcs o th icsio o th Dies Irae? Brig wmodr xmps to p ogsid thos ord b th stdtsikThe Ballad of Sweeny Toddb Stph Sodhim rom th movi vrsio.

The Last JudgementTriptch,b Hs Mmig (1400-1494)

FuRTHeR STuDyS Wikipdis pg o th Dies Irae, which icds ist o otb pprcs i cssic msic: http://.wikipdi.org/wiki/Dis_IrOr, ist to this wodr podcst trig w-kow msic bsd o th Dies Irae: http://cd1.ibs.com/smpodcst/FSM_Podcst_029.mp3?vb=20090901193033&v=20090902194033&t=028787dc91172c76


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Jst or F: Rprodcib Richard IIIQiz

yo hv to do somthig tht o hvqms bot. yo:a. Gt m borid/girrid to do it

or mB. ask rid to do it or mC. Gt it ovr withD. Do it i m prts isiste. P somo to do it or mF. B skig this qstio, o ssm I

hv mor cod. Hhhbd mov,kid, bd mov.

atr o do somthig most popwod cosidr wrog, o:a. expric git trip to th poit o

isit.B. F git oc somo ids ot tht

I did it.C. I obod kows, whos to t? (ad I

mk sr to v o witsss.)D. O sorr wh its too t to do

thig bot it.e. nothig is wrog i it movs m

highr p.F. Bsk i th gor o m vi. Mwhh!

How importt to o r or rids dmi?a. Vr. nothig mttrs mor to m.B. eogh tht I jo mkig thir ivs

itrstig.C. I ithr wt to ki thm or mrr thm,

dpdig o th prso.D. I rspct o mmbr o m mi i

prticr bov othrse. I do ov th so, tht I wi soo

sd th so to Hv.F. I dot hv or d ithr.

yov b cght! Who do o rm?a. Th witchs tod m to!B. M brothr.C. Whovr is ccsig m d m poss.D. M? yor ccsig swt, ioct,

bmss itt m???e. I tk th bm bcs it ws so

worth it. Ps, o o s is cooogh to p o th st I do.

F. I dot d to rm o, bcsI dot cr!

I o hd dog:a. Id m him Spot.B. Mb dog wod ix o m

probms.C. Id sick m o th mi mmbrs

tht bg m.D. Id tch him how to tk dow th

mim.e. I m o. Wh do I d othr?F. us him s pw i m mstr p.

us, wh o do somthig kid

sktch, its bcs:a. I jst wt m ovd os to mk it to

th top.B. Th word ws gttig to b too prct.C. o gir (or bo).D. I wt whts owd to m.e. I wt to b Kig/Q.F. Its to wtch pop sqirm.

Which o th oowig wod o mostik s:a. Put this nights business into my

dispatch, which shall to allgive solelysovereign sway and masterdom.(Or: I do th dirt work so o cmk it big.)

B. I cannot hide what I am: I must be sadwhen I have cause and smile at no mans

jests.(Or: I m wht I m, d I ctprtd to b ic i I dot ik it!)

C. O! my offence is rank, it smells toheaven.(Or: Wow, I rscrwd p.)

D. The wheel is come full circle: I amhere.(Or: Stpid krm)

e. And therefore,since I cannot provea lover, To entertain these fair

well-spoken days, I am determined toprove a villain.(Or: Mwhh!!! Cvi msic.)

F. I am not what I am(Or: I m omstr d thror th mostitrstig prso o wi vr mt.)

Which Shkspr Vii ar yo?Written by Amanda Fink and Veronica Wickline

StdtFocs

VeROnICaWICKlIne is 10th grdrt PotchicHigh Schoo

i Psd,Ciori. avidjoig thigsShkspr,sh cotribtdqstios dswrs to thisqiz i cojctiowith th a noisWithi edctioDprtmt.

Vroic jos wid rg octivitis, sch scomptitiv ltitrivi, licoDogs dbt,d (o cors)ctig. Vroicprticiptd iSmmr WithShkspr dcosrvtorctig csss ta nois Withior m rs.Sh so wrotthis bio.


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SCORING:add p th mbr o tims o swrd a, B, C,D, e, d F. Th, rd th dscriptio bow to swhich Shkspr vii o r most ik!

Mostly As: Lady Macbeth rom Macbethyo r dvios d miptiv, bt most o or ps rto hp or rids d mi improv thir positio i thword. Wi d cig, o c b hrtss i this qst.ev or poor dog is dismissd with vi, Ot, otdmd Spot! Or dvic to o is to tr to pprcit ori bit mori is prtt good jst whr o r.

Mostly Bs: Don John rom Much Ado About Nothingyo sm to hrbor igs o rstmt towrds jst oor two sct rids or mi. yo wod mch rthr hvor rids tk cr o th mss bsiss, d sk tovoid it ors, crtig bort schms d dcptiosto gt wht o wt. Or dvic to o is to tk bit morrsposibiit or ows, d iv mch mor trth dsimp.

Mostly Cs: Claudius rom HamletHvig th hbit o dig or ow igs or ogtim, o r pro to ch ito ovrbow schms to gtbck t somo tht o hs wrogd o. athogho r ssti kid d good, ov c cs o to hvsch strog igs tht o hv to rsist th rg to dosomthig svor. Or dvic to o is to rmmbr thtthr r ws mor sh i th s.

Mostly Ds: Edmund rom King LearFigig iocc, o r dtrmid tht vro shodik o o mttr wht. Howvr, o hv wid strk, di or ot cr o cod d p crtig som sriostrmoi! Or dvic to o is to d stright d t it ik itis. Kp thigs o th p-d-p, d sm th ross.

Mostly Es: Richard III rom Richard IIIyo wi do thig o c i ordr to cw or w to thtop, icdig stppig o rids d mi. atr bigcght i strig o mistks, o do vt bdbot somthig ov do tht ist so icbt b tht

tim its too t! Or dvic to o is to tr ovr w tir d ctivt th ov, bdd.

Mostly Fs: Iago rom OthelloSpr itigt d sprm miptiv, o wi dothig to gt wht o wt i o giv i to th rg.

yo sm most itrstd i provig tht o r right djstiig wht o dod c ps ito big obivioso othrs igs. Or dvic is to, do to othrs s owod hv thm do to o.

Thtr lorWht is rkd stg?

Whr do th trms pstgd dowstg origit?

Historic, stgs wr bit o icis,with th bcks o th stgs sighthighr th th rots. Th ici wscd rk d hpd thos i thbck o th dic s th ctioostg. evt, thtrs strtd

pcig sts o icis istd ostgs, bt th trmioog stck.Dowstg is th rot o th stg,cosst to th dic, d pstg isth bck o th stg. Som thtrs,ik a nois Withi, sti prticipt ith trditio o sig rkd stgs.



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Rsorc Gid

BOOKS

ackrod, Ptr. Shakespeare: The Biography. achor Books, 2005.

asimov, Isc. Asimovs Guide to Shakespeare. Dobd, 1978.Boom, Hrod. Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human. Rivrhd Books, 1998 .Boom, Hrod, d. Modern Critical Interpretations: Richard III. Chs Hos Pbishrs, 1998.Dickso, adrw. The Rough Guide to Shakespeare. DK Pbishig, 2009.Fids, Brtrm. Royal Blood: Richard III and the Mystery of the Princes. Rg books, 2000.Gibso, Rx. Teaching Shakespeare. Cmbridg uivrsit Prss, 1998.Hicks, Mich. Richard III (Revealing History). Tmps pbishig, 2004.Hoishd, Rph. Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Book Jg, 2009.Kd, P Mrr. Richard the Third. W.W. norto d Co., 1975.loMoico, Mich. The Shakespeare Book of Lists. Th Crr Prss, 2001.Rods, P. Teaching Shakespeare. Oxord uivrsit Prss, 1992.Wirb, B d Christophr Hibbrt. The London Encyclopedia. Mcmi Pbishrs, 1983.Wir, aiso. The War of the Roses. Bti Books, 1996.

WeBSITeS

Absolute Shakespeare www.bsotshkspr.comIn Search o Shakespeare PBS http://www.pbs.org/shkspr/works/work195.htm#Richard III Society, American Branch www.r3.org/itro.htmShakespeare High www.shksprhigh.comShakespeare Magazine www.shksprmg.com/itro.spShakespeare Resource Center www.brdwb.tShakespeares World www.shkspr.mor.dSir Thomas MoresThe History of King Richard the Thirdwww.r3.org/bookcs/mor/mortxt.htm

Wars o the Roses www.wrsothross.comRichard III Society http://www.r3.org/This is th wbsit or th amric chptr o th Richrd III Socit. Th socit is Ddictd to th stdo th i d rssssmt o th rpttio o Richrd III d th std o tth-ctr egishhistor d ctr.

Library o Philadelphia Website http://www.ibrr.phi.gov/mdiv/dwrd.htmCotis dtid photogrphs d historic iormtio rtd to th Kig edwrd IV Ro historicmscript cotiig istrtios d dscriptios, dtiig ovr 50 shids d brs.

VIDeOS

Richard III, 1995. Dirctd b Richrd locri d st i th 1930s. Strs I McK, att Big, Robrt

Dow, Jr., d Kristi Scott Thoms.Richard III, 1955. Dirctd, co-writt, d strrig lrc Oivir, co-strs Cdric Hrdwick, Joh Gigd, d

nichos H.Looking for Richard, 1996 (Docmtr). Dirctd d prodcd b a Pcio. Strs a Pcio, ac Bdwi,

Kvi Spc, Wio Rdr, F. Mrr abrhm, est Prsos, aid Qi, Kth Brgh, Kvi Ki,Jms er Jos, d Rosmr Hrris.


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blocking: Th istrctios dirctor givs his ctors tht tthm how d whr to mov irtio to ch othr or to thst i prticr sc.

character: Th prsoit or prtportrd b ctor o stg.

confict: Th oppositio o popor orcs which css th psrisig ctio.

dramatic irony: a drmtictchiq sd b writr iwhich chrctr is wr osomthig th dic kows.

genre: litr, kid or tp.I itrr trms, gr rrs toth mi tps o itrr orm,

pricip comd d trgd.It c so rr to orms tht rmor spcic to giv historicr, sch s th rvg trgd,or to mor spcic sb-grso trgd d comd sch sth comd o mrs, rc orsoci drm.

motivation: Th sittio ormood which iitits ctio.actors ot ook or thirmotivtio wh th tr to

dissct how chrctr thiks orcts.

props: Itms crrid o stgb ctor to rprst objctsmtiod i or impid b thscript. Somtims th propsr ct, somtims th rmctrd i th thtr shop.

proscenium stage: Thr iss rot crti o proscim stg. Th dicviws th p rom th rotthrogh rm cd thproscim rch. I this scrio, dic mmbrs hv thsm viw o th ctors.

set: Th phsic word crtdo stg i which th ctio oth p tks pc.setting: Th viromt i which p tks pc. It m icdth historic priod s w s thphsic spc.

stage areas: Th stg is dividdito rs to hp th dirctor toot whr ctio wi tk pc.

Upstage is th r rthstrom th dic. Downstageis th r cosst to thdic. Center stage dsth midd o th pigspc. Stage let is th ctorst s h cs th dic.Stage right is th ctors rights h cs th dic.

theme: Th ovrrchig mssgor mi id o itrr or

drmtic work. a rcrrig id i p or stor.

thrust stage: a stg tht jtsot ito th dic stigr so tht ptros r stdo thr sids. I this scrio,dic mmbrs s th prom vrig viwpoits. a noisWithi trs thrst stg.

abot Thtr arts

Thtr VocbrThs trms wi b icdd i pr- d post-prormc discssiost a nois Withi.

Big adicMmbr

Tod, movis dtvisio tk dicsw rom wht ws octh mbr o orm otrtimt: goig toth thtr. Bt ttdig iv prormc is stio o th most thriigd ctiv orms ospdig tim. I thtr,obsrvrs r ctptdito th ctio, spcit itimt v ik anois Withi, whos thrststg rchs ot ito thdic d whos ctorsc s, hr, d thrspos o th crowd.athogh phoss ith pst cod somtimsb rowd, prticiptig ith prormc b givig

rspct d tttio toth ctors is th mostpproprit bhvior t thtric prormctod. Shotig ot (orv whisprig) c bhrd throghot thditorim, s c rstigppr or rigig phos.

atr a nois Withisprormc o RichardIII, o wi hv th

opportit to discss thps cott d st withth prormig rtists ddirctors. yo m wish tormid stdts to obsrvth prormc cror to compi qstioshd o tim so th rprprd to prticipt ith discssio.


35/35

a nOISe WITHInS MISSIOn is toprodc th grt works o worddrm i rottig rprtor,with comp o prossio,

cssic- trid ctors. A NoiseWithin dcts th pbic throghcomprhsiv otrch orts dcosrvtor triig progrms thtostr dpr drstdig dpprcitio o histors grtstps d pwrights.

as th o comp i sothrCiori workig i th rprtortrditio (rottig prodctios sig rsidt smb o prossio,trid rtists), A Noise Within

is ddictd so to prodcigcssic itrtr rom thors schs Shkspr, Moir, Ibs,Shw, d eripids.

Th comp ws ormd i 1991b odrs Go eiott d JiRodrigz-eiott, both o whomwr cssic trid t thccimd amric CosrvtorThtr i S Frcisco. Thvisiod A Noise Within trrcogizig ck o prossio,cssic prodctios d dctioi Sothr Ciori d soghtot d ssmbd thir owcomp o ctors to mt thd. a o A Noise Withinsrsidt rtists hv b cssic

trid, d m hod Mstr oFi arts dgrs rom som o thtios most rspctd istittios,sch s Jiird, y, d th

amric Cosrvtor Thtr.

I its ort-r histor, ANoise Within hs grrd ovr500 wrds d commdtios,icdig th los ags DrmCritics Circs rvrd PoWrd awrd or excc dth covtd Mrgrt Hrtordawrd or Sstid excc.

I 2004, A Noise Within ccptd ivittio to cobort with

th los ags Phihrmoicor tdm prormc o AMidsummer Nights Dream t thHowood Bow.

Mor th 25,000 idividsttd prodctios t A NoiseWithin, , d btwprormcs t th thtr dtorig prodctios, th compdrws 13,000 stdt prticiptsto its rts dctio progrmsvr r. Stdts bt romi-schoo workshops, cosrvtortriig, d itrship progrm,s w s sbsidizd tickts tomti d vig prormcs,discssios with rtists, d sttstdrds-compit std gids.

Study Guide Credits

Writt b Smth StrrGo eiott & Ji Rodrigz-eiott, artistic Dirctorsadmiistrtiv Oic: 234 S. Brd Bvd., Gd, Ca 91204

abot a nois Withi

Californias Home for the Classics

Study Guidesa nois Withi crtsCiori stdrds-compit std gids to

hp dctors prprthir stdts or thirvisit to or thtr. Stdgids r vib t oxtr cost to dowodthrogh or wbsit: www.oiswithi.org. a o thiormtio d ctivitisotid i ths gidsr dsigd to work icompic with Visd Prormig arts,egish lgg, dothr sbjct stdrds sst orth b th stt oCiori.Std gids icdbckgrod iormtio oth ps d pwrights,historic cotxt, txtsis, i-dpth discssioo a nois Withis rtisticitrprttio o th work,itrviws with dirctors

d dsigrs, s ws discssio poits dsggstd cssroomctivitis. Gids rom pstssos r so vib todowod rom th wbsit.

Richard i i i Study Guide

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