RHETORICAL ANALYSIS: DISSECTION OF RHETORICAL DEVICES

Iago’s Power in Othello

What is Rhetoric?

Rhetoric is the study of effective speaking and writing. And the art of persuasion. It is important for readers of any text to understand

the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of rhetoric in any piece of writing.

Shakespeare is a master of rhetoric and rhetorical elements. Othello is rich in examples. We will look specifically at

the character of Iago. We will consider the following: What does Iago say? How does he say it? What

occasion does he utilize for his ideas/manipulations? Who is Iago’s intended audience? How does his words fit the occasion and audience?

Terms to know:

kairos The opportune occasion for speech

Thus, sensitive to kairos, a speaker or writer takes into account the contingencies of a given place and time, and considers the opportunities within this specific context for words to be effective and appropriate to that moment.

For example, consider the following statement in regards to kairos: Germany of post-World War I was demoralized and disorganized.

Adolph Hitler's rhetoric was successful not only because of his personal charisma and his mastery of delivery, but because he spoke at the right time: the German people wanted a way out of its economic morass and its cultural shame, and Hitler provided them both with his strong, nationalistic oratory. Had Germany been doing better economically, Hitler's words would have bounced harmlessly off the air.

Terms to Know

audience All rhetorically oriented discourse is composed in light

of those who will hear or read that discourse.decorum

A central rhetorical principle requiring one's words and subject matter be aptly fit to each other, to the circumstances and occasion (kairos), the audience, and the speaker.

Terms for you to investigate

We are going to head to the library You will be researching several rhetorical terms, so

that you can then analyze the devices that Iago uses to manipulate characters in Othello.

Start with Logos…logical appeals Go to Silva Rhetoricae…click on logos and topics of

invention Research/define: Testimony, Authorities, Witnesses,

Rumors, Oaths, the Supernatural Research/define: items under Comparison, Relationship,

Deliberative, Ceremonial

Terms to Know

Pathos Emotional appeals

Click on figures of pathos Print off and read through all of the figures of pathos

Ethos Character/Moral/Ethical Appeals

Click on the two types listed and record their definitions