RGIA MILITARYLIT I HIS TORTHOR HISTORYHISTORYOPE- Y · 2018. 11. 9. · SITUATION OF 8tb...
Transcript of RGIA MILITARYLIT I HIS TORTHOR HISTORYHISTORYOPE- Y · 2018. 11. 9. · SITUATION OF 8tb...
.
, ..'
'''" 'rr /l-'lTHE INFANTRYINFIMF JTRYTRY SCHOOLSCHOOL-
FORTSCH-
OOLSCHOOL-
FORTSCH-
OOLSCHOOL-
FORTSCH-
OOLFORT BANNINGNNIRGBENNINGNIGELB , GEORGIAORGIACORGIGEORGIA-
ADVANCED
GEO-
RGIA
GGEORGIA-
ADVANCED
GEO-
RGIA
ORGIA-
ADVANCEDADVANCED COURSECOURSOURS1932-1933193219331932193-
3MILITARY
19321933-
I
1932193-
3MILITARY
-
MILITARYI LIT A R Y HISTORYHISTORYOPE-
RATIONS
HISHISTORYOPE-
RATIONS
TORTHOR YY-
OPRATIOr
O-
peratorOPERATIONSOPRATIOrOperator! s OF CO/PANYCOPANYCOPANYANYCPACO /}y"PAI\TYy"PAIyPAITYpaid" \ MMI 33d23d INFANTRYINFANTR-Y(2dDIVISION
INFANTR-Y2dDIVISION
INFANTR-Y(2d.DIVISION
INFANTR-Y2dDIVISION
INFANTR-Y(2d
INFANTR-Y2d(2d-DIVISION(2d2dDIVISION(2d.DIVISION2d.DIVISION2dDIVISION(2d2d( .DIVISIONDIVISION-. )
IN THE ATTACK ON VAUXAUX , JULYJULY2\-22\] -,.22. 2 , 19181918-li
1918-ww*: lif<l-
iPersonali-
mpersonalf-
PersonalP-
ersonal*
( Personal experience of a Platoon Leader )
CaptainOaptain Harry W.W. OayjcillOayOkay ill , InfantryInfantry-
t
Infantr-
y,t' iiiaiiiiiflffif' 'IIJIIIIJIIIII' >I'I'
..JJ. nitt . x.x... . ._ _ _ , ,"- ._ _ . ." . . . . .JL-.JL. , .L.L. -.... , . . ._..... :'... __ L.-.... .jiJjai .
-,u,4_-' <, feiufeud* Ui"'L'UiLIL* "' . ' ,. . _ ._ _ . _ . . , . ,-_....... _. . . _ _ , . , ,' .._ . _ _ . . . . * . 4(
TABLE OF OOKT3KTSCONTEKTSCONTENTS
PA3ZPAGEPA3Z-
Cover
PAG-
ECover
Pas-sover
PAG-
ECover
Pas-sover
:
Cover pagepage.. . . . ( UnpagedUnpa.edUnpa.UnpaUnpack. ed )
Table of contents . ii-
Bibliography
B-
ibliographyi-
Bibliography.
i-
Marginal
M-
arginalBibliographyBibliography.. . . iiii-
Marginal
im-
aginableii-
iiMarginal abbreviations used . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiiS-
ITUATION
in-
sinuation
iiS-
ITUATION
in-
sinuation
iiS-
ITUATION
in-
sinuationSITUATION OF 8th CO.JCOJCOco.coCO.YANYCOYANYCYAN._ ,.
> ANY J, 402d GEFUANG.4-LANG.4LANG.4G4LANENFANTGEHEH. - , : AN I11FANTRYFAIJTRYIIFAIJTRYINN'FANZTF.YINNFANZTFYFAITINITIATORYI11FANTR-YREGIiOTT
II-IIINN'FANZTF.-YRE
INNFANZTFY-
RE-' FAIJTRY-
RE.
REGIiOTTReijiRE GGII I'B.NIBNLFNISBNFN'.: T ON JULYJ UL Y 1 , 19189181 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-
Morale
1-
.orale
1-
oraleMoraleorale.orale1. of German troopstroops.. . 22-
Condition
2-
ConditionCondition of 8th Company'sCompanysCompany' defensesdefenses.defenses.-
8thdefenses-
8th. . . . . . . . 22-
8th
2-
8th8th Company on passive defense . . . . . . . . . . 33-
Available
3-
AvailableAvailable information concerning enemyeneRene ny . . . . . 44-
JulyJuly 1 - the 8th Company'sCompanysCompany' day of doom . . . . . , 66-
SITUATIONSITUATIONSITUATIOrJ OF COJPANYOO.liPANYOOliPANYCO.PANYCOPANYCOMPANYHooliganCPA.%
'_ M 23d U.S.USU.U. S.S. INFANTRY PPIORPIORPICOPRIORPPIOR-TO
PIOR-TO
APPORTI-
ONPORT-
OF? IORIGORIOR-
TOOR-
TTO ATTACK ON 80ISQOISQUOINS_OISOTIS D2DE LA COTE 192192.. . . . . . . . . . 77-
Character
7-
Character
7-
CharacterCharacter of replacementsrep acements.acementscements. . . . . . . . . . . . . 88-
Receipt
8-
Receipt
8-
ReceiptReceipt of untrained replacementsreplacements.replacements.-
Reconnaissancereplac-
ements. . . . . . . . . . 88-
Reconnaissance
8-
ReconnaissanceReconnaissance of Bois de la Cote 192192.. . . . . . . 99-
Orders
9-
OrdersOrders for the attack of July 11.11-
.Informa.tion
1-
Information
. . . . . . . . . . 99-
Information
9-
InformationInformationInforma.tion. concerning the enemyenemy-
The
ene-my
. . . . . . . . 1111-
The
11-
TheThe company attack order . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1212-
Situation
12-
SituationSituation as to suppliessupplies.supplies.-
he
suppli-es
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1313-
The
13-
TheThe!he hour preceding the attackattack.. . . . . . . . . . . 1313-
THE
13-
THETHE ATTACKATTACK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1414-
The
14-
Orders
14-
TheThe objective reachedreached.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1515-
CONSOLIDATION
15-
CONSOLIDATION
15-
CONSOLIDATIONCONSOLIDATION OF CAPTURED POSITIONSPOSITIONS-
Use
Positio-ns
. . . . 1717-
UseUse of captured weaponsweapons.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1818-
Reinforcements
18-
ReinforcementsReinforcements for the consolidationconsolidation-
The
consolidati-on
. . . . . 1818-
TheThe counterattackcounterattaok.counterattaokcounterattack.counterattack-.Casualties
counter-attack
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1919-
CasualtiesCasualtiesC 8sual, tie s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1919-
LESSONSLESSONSLESSONS.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302030-
No.
30-
No
'\ II!8!8-
No.
8-
No, \
No.No. 1 - SectorSeotor of 2dd DivisionDlvls1Divisi-onDivision- n . . . . . . . . . . . . 342434-No.
34-
No24-
No.24-
No24-
No.24-
NoNo.No. 82 - BoleBolsBoisBolls de la1a Cote 193192 - InformationInformat1on MadeMad-eAvailable
Mad-e1vallable
Mad-eAvailableAvailable1vallable to Platoon CommanderOommander Prior toto-Attack
st-omata
to-Attaok
st-omata
to-Attack
st-omataAttackAttaok of July 11.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01.' 352535-
No.
35-
No25-
No.
25-
No25-
No.
25-
NoNo.No. 3 - BoisBols'BolsBole'BoleBolls' de la OoteCoteBooted 198192 - ConsolidationOonsolidation ofof-Positions
o-ppositions
of-Pos1tions
of-Positions
o-ppositionsPositionsPos1tions after Attainment of Objectives.ObjectivesObjeotObject veB.veBverb. . . 86as2686-
ias-
1-i-i-1-1-i-
TABLE
T-
ABLE
1-
h.
1-
h
-, . _ _ _ _ ' . . . . _ _ . _. _ _ . _ ___ ._ _ _ . . _ h.h. __ _ _ . ..;_ _ _ . . _ _ _
BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPH-
YRecords
Bibliogr-aphy
BIELBILEBIBLIOGRAPH-
YRecords
Bibliogr-aphy
IOGRAPHYBIOGRAPHYIOGRAPH-
YRecords
Biogr-
aphyRecords of the Second Division Regular().(Regular ) .Eight volumesvolumes'publishedvolumespublishedvolumes' published from 1924 to19381928 by the Second Division.HistoricalDivisionHistoricalDiversionistDivision.Historical-Section
Division.HiDivisionHiDivision. storicalstoicalstorical-Section stoi-calSection , Army War College , Washington ,D.D. 0.0C.C0-
.These
0-
These
C-
.These
A-
ctresses
C-
.These
A-
ctresses
.
These records comprise war diaries , journals ,a.ndand. other official papers of the organizationsorganizations-which
organizat-ionswhich constituted the 2d Division , AmericanAmerica-nExpeditionary
America-nExpeditionary
America-nExpeditionaryExpeditionary Forces.Forces. The compilation alsoalso-includes
fas-ciculesalso-
includesfas-ciculesalso-
includesfas-ciculesincludes a very valuable collection of fieldfield-
messages fie-lders field-messages fie-lders field-messages fie-ldersmessages , official and semi-officialsemiofficial- reports ,etc.etc. , all of which are uncensored.uncensored. The valuevalue-of
valu-eof these records in the study of the operationsoperations-of
operatio-nsof the 2d Division during
.
the WorldWorlWhorl WarWar isis-obvious.
in-sidious
is-obvious.
in-sidious
i ss-
obvious.o-
bviousobvious.obvious.
Translations : War Diaries OR.ORo . German UnitsUnits-Opposed
Undi-sclosed
Units-Opposed
Undi-sclosed
Units-Opposed
Undi-sclosedOpposed to the Second DivisionDivison[ ( Regular ) .,Still in course of publication by the 2d2d-Division
2d-Division
2d-DivisionDivision Historical Section , Army WarWa-rCollege
Aer-oallergen
Wa-rCollege
Aer-oallergen
Wa-rCollege
Aer-oallergenCollege , Washington , D.D. C.C. Three volumesvolumes-of
volum-esof this series have been publishedpub 1shed to date ;the fourth volume has been compiledco piled , butbut-as
bu-ts
but-as
bu-ts
but-as
bu-tsas yet has not been placed in the handshands-of
hando-ffof the public.publicpublic.-
By
publ-ic
.
By their very nature , these translations ofof-records
co-
rrectorsof-
recordsco-
rrectorsof-
recordsco-
rrectorsrecords of German corps , divisions , brigades ,regiments ,, and battalionsttalionsstallionsb which opposed thethe-2d
the-2d
the-2d2d Division on the Western Front , cannot bebe-dispensed
b-edizened
be-dispensed
b-edizened
be-dispensed
b-edizeneddispensed with by any student of the operationsoperations-of
operatio-nsof that American combat division.divisiondivision.N-
OTE
divisi-
ondivision.N-
OTE
divisi-
ondivision.N-
OTE
divisi-
on.
NOTE-NOTENOTEInNoting: - In the preparation of this monograph there was also usedused-data
sed-ateused-
oontainedsec-
ondhandused-
MEus-eddataME containedoontained in a personal communicationcommunioation , recentlyreoentlyredolently received , fromfrom-
thefroth-
edfrom-
thefroth-
edfrom-
thefroth-
edthe officer who commandedcorcoir handed CompanyOompany M 23d Infantry on July 1 , 19181918.1918-.Likewise
1918-Likewise
1918-.Likewise
1918-Likewise
,.Likewise considerable use was made of papers , maps , airplane photophoto-photo-graphs
photo-graphs
photo-graphs
¬-graphs , etc.etc. , in the personal files of the author.author. Where statementstatement-of
stateme-ntof factfaotfagot is1s not authenticatedauthentioated by marginal reference - thethe.the.casethecae., casecase-frequently
case-frequently
case-frequentlyfrequently throughout this paper - the reader is asked to understandunderstand-that underst-andthat the writerfswriter'swriters' sourcessouroes of information were those mentioned inin-this
lit-chis
in-this
lit-chis
in-this
lit-chisthis note.note.,
MARGINALMARaINALMariana ABBREVIATIONS USEDUSED-
Ger.
Se-der
USED-
Ger.
Se-der
USED-
Ger.
Se-derGer.GerGear. ( precededprecpre deddeed by number ) Translations : War DiariesDiaries of GermanGerma-
nUnitsGerma-
niumGerma-
nUniteGerma-
niumGerma-
nUnitsGerma-
niumUnitsUnite OpposedOp oeedosedoeddosed to the Second DivisionDivision-
Reeds.
Divis-
ionDivision-
Regular Divi-sion Division-Regular. Divi-sion( RegularRegular.RegularRegular.R-
eoda.
Regu-lar
) ..
Reeds.ReedsReoda.ReodaFreda. 2d Div.DivDlv.DlvDl. Recordsaecordsaccords of the Second DivisionDivision-Regular Divi-sion Division-Regular Divi-sion Division-Regular Divi-sion(RegularRegula-
rii
Regul-
ar
) .
-ii-ii-1i-1i- ii-
BIEL
li-
bel
1il-
'
1i-
l
-
,l'l'L.L.
:W"W.
"1_,' ' h . . . .
SITUATION OF 8th8tb COMPANYCOMP.COMP. Y 4Q2d402d GERMANGERMA-NINFANTRY
GERMA-NINFANTRY
GERMA-NINFANTRYINFANTRY REGIMENT ON JULY 1.1l1 ., 19181918-
The
1918-
The
, 99-
r
9-
TheThe BoisEoisEloise de la Cote 192 - a small woodswoods-
Map
woods-
man
woods-
Map
woods-
manMap No.No. 11-
Map
1200 meters west of the village of VauxAux , which in turnturn-
layturn-
key
turn-
layturn-
key
turn-
layturn-
keylay on the Paris-MetzParisMetzMet- highway somewhat over three kilokilo-kilo-
meters
kilo-
meters
kilo-
meters
¬-meters west of Chateau ThierryTheory - was held , on thethe-
morning
thr-
ongingthe-
morning
thr-
ongingthe-
morning
thr-
ongingmorning of July 1 , 1918 , by the 8th Company of thethe-
402d
the-
402d.
402d402 d German Infantry.InfantryInfantry.-
The
Infant-ry
In fan tr y .
The 8th Company , a unit of the 2d BattalionEattalion ,
was the right flank company of the 201st20lst InfantryInfantry-
Map
Infantry-
man
Infantry-
Division.Infa-ntryMap No.No. 22-
Map
Division.Division. At the cross roads 250 meters north of thethe-
woods
She-
rwood
the-
woods
She-
rwood
the-
woods
She-
rwoodwoods were elements of the 6th Company of the samesam-
ebattalionan-
tenatalsam-
ebattalionan-
tenatalsam-
ebattalionan-
tenatalbattalion , with two machine guns , acting as a contactcontact-
groupcont-
actcontact-
groupcont-
actcontact-
groupcont-
actgroup between the 402d Infantry and the neighboringneighboring-
Map
neighbori-ng
neighboring-
regimentneighb-
oringMap No.No. 1 regiment on its right.right. To the east , in the Bois de lala-
Roche
la-
rches
la-
Roche
la-
rches
la-
Roche
la-
rchesRocheBroche , other units of the 2dad Battalion were in position.positionposition.-
Vaux
positi-on
.
VauxAux and the western slope of Hill 204 , which dominateddominated-
thedominat-
edthe Paris-MetzParisMetzPar1s-MetzPar1sMet- highway , were held by the 402d Infantry'sInfantrysInfantryInfantry's-
1stInfantrys-
1stInfantry's-
lstInfantrys-
lstInfant-
ry'
1stlstlast Battalion.Battalion. The divisionsdivision's!' sector extended as farfar-
to
far-
ofar-
to
far-
ofar-
to
far-
oto the east as the cityity of Chateau ThierryTheory , inclusive.inclusiveinclue.ive.inclueiveinclusive.-
The
inclue.ive.-
The
inclusi-ve
..
The 8th Company maintained contactoontact withwith-
battalionwith-
battal10n
with-
battalionbattalionbattal10n headquarters and withwi th unitsuniZuni te to the rear andand-
flanks
san-
dbanks
and-
flanks
san-
dbanks
and-
flanks
san-
dbanksflanks by means of runners and a signalsipalsepal lamp.lamplamp-
.For
la-mp
lamp-
.For
la-mp
lamp-
.For
la-mp
.
For defensive purposes there were in thethe-
woods
She-
rwood
the-
woods
She-
rwood
the-
woods
She-
rwoodwoods two small mine throwers and three machine guns.gunsguns.-
Enemy
unse-
emlyguns.-
Enemy
unse-
emly.
Enemy attacks on the Bois dede1ala/1a1a'la/' Cote 192 during JuneJune-
had
Und-
ead
June-
had
Und-
ead
June-
had
Und-
eadhad oomecomeNome from the west ; the machinemaohine guns on July 11-
were
1-
were(1)1( ) 10th10tb Ger.Gertier.tierGeartier-.Inf
tiri-ng . were emplaoedemplacedemployedemplaces on the western edge of the woods.woods. (1)1(1)-Inf.
1I-nf
(1)-
The
1T-
he(1)-
The
1T-
he( )
,= Inf.InfInfoIn f.f., iv.iviv.-Vol.
IV.-
Vol.v.vv-
.Vol..
Vol.VolViol. \ I11-
Doe ,11,* The 201sta'lltalltalt' Division had taken over the Vaux-VauxAuxVaux-Doo.
Au-dio
Vau-
xOhateau
Vac-
uolatedVau-
xChateau
-Doo.DooDodoDoe,. 111 , /(JuftfJutJuaJunJuan, 6-76767I-
'
67-
I
8-8- ? i, ChateauOhateau ThierryTheory combatoombat sectorseotor during the period fromfrom-
June
frontr-
unner
from-
June
frontr-
unner
from-
June
frontr-
unnerr June 17l to 19.19. ItI t was not until June 27 , however , thatthat-
the
thatc-
hed
that-
the
thatc-
hed
that-
the
thatc-
hedthe 8th CompanyOompany , asa8 the result of reassignmentrea..ignmentreaignmentrealignment.. ofof-
1
of-
1
I'I1.1I'-1
I-1
'.
/1101/
. -1-1-1-
Map
1-
n.
1-
n
-:
i!. . 'n"n' "
. . . . . . , . . .__ . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . .. ... . . . .. . ,- " ' n.n ----- - - - _-. .
- __... .. . . . .. . . .. ....;. _ ... . _ .. .. "'.. . ___ , . . - ----. .c.---.c.-- -. . .. .
_ '4"-4"4"_ - .. ----....--- - . - . . . __. - .. . . . .r.r. . . . .........-*-- * ' ''' '.'' - - .c.-
.r.,
division boundaries , moved into the Bois de la1a Cote
(2)2( ) 301st201st Ger.GerGearGer-.Inf.
Er-in
Ger-.Inf.
Er-in
Ger-.Inf.
Er-in
. ,192.192.192, 192.192. (2)2( 2 )
Inf.InfInfo. Div.DivDiv.-Vol.
Div.-Vol.
. ,,Vol.VolViol. 3 , 1I/I-Doc.
D-
oc Morale of German TroopsTroops-
The
Troo-ps
Troops-
The
Troo-ps
Troops-
The
Troo-psDoc.Doc. 49 ,
June 18 The division commander had no misgivingsmisgivings-
asmisgivin-
gsas to the combat value of his troops.troops. On June 30 hehe-
reportedsh-
eepcotehe-
reportedsh-
eepcotehe-
reportedsh-
eepcotereported ;:
After relief from the sectorseotor near St.St. MihielMihlelMichelMileMihiel-the
Miche-lle
Mihlel-the
Mill-et Mihiel-the
Miche-llethe division during the first half of the monthmonth-was
mouth-wash
month-was
mouth-wash
month-was
mouth-washwas constantly on the go , due to five changes ofof-billets.
g-oblets
of-billets.
g-oblets
of-billets.
g-obletsbillets.billets. This inured the troops to marching andand-to
an-do
and-to
an-do
and-to
an-doto the hardships whichwh ch are part of bivouac life.lifelife.-Beginning
life.-Beginning
life.-Beginning
.
Beginning on June 17 the division took over thethe-combat
th-eocrat
the-combat
th-eocrat
the-combat
th-eocratcombat sector Chateau ThierryTheory from the 261st21lst251st261st-Division.
261st-Division
21lst-Division.
21lst-Division
251st-Division.
251st-DivisionDivision.Division. The relieved division had moved intointo-this
bimon-thlies
into-this
bimon-thlies
into-this
bimon-thliesthis position while attacking and thereforetherefore-practically
thermoe-lectricallytherefore-
practicallythermoe-lectricallytherefore-
practicallythermoe-lectricallypractically no trenches or other defensivedefensiv-
einstallations defen-siveness defensiv-einstallations defen-siveness defensiv-einstallations defen-sivenessinstallations had been constructed.constructed. The last twotwo-weeks
tw-eezes
two-weeks
tw-eezes
two-weeks
tw-eezesweeks were therefore given over to the mostmos-tstrenuous
mos-tstrenuous
mos-tstrenuousstrenuous kind of work.work. The intrenchingentrenching of.of. thethe-position
the-rmosetting
the-position
the-rmosetting
the-position
the-rmosettingposition was made very difficult by the veryvery-active
over-active
very-active
over-active
very-active
over-activeactive enemy and the very lively enemy artilleryartillery-fire artille-ryfire which fell on the constructed trench sectionssections-and
sectio-nsand rear area.area. On the average the dailydaily-casualties
daily-casualties
daily-casualties' casualties amounted to 30 men killed and wounded.woundedwounded-.In
wound-ed
.( In spite of all this the morale of the men andand-their
an-ther
and-their
an-ther
and-their
an-ther(3)3( ) 301st20let201st OerfBoerOerf-
Inf.Ole-
finGerGear : their physical condition..isconditionisconditionscondition.condition. . . . is good.good. (3)3(3)-
Condition
3C-
ondition
((3)-
Condition
3C-
ondition
(3)-
Condition
3C-
ondition
)
Inf.InfInfoIn! . Div.DivDiv.-Vol.
Div.-Vol.
Div.-Vol.
.
Vol.VolViol. 3 I,I-Doc.
D-ocDoc.Doc. 49 , Condition of the 8th Company'sCompanysCompany' DefensesDefenses-
While
Defen-ses
Defenses-
While
Defen-ses
Defenses-
While
Defen-sesJune 3030-
No.
30-
No
30-
Maps
While consolidation of the 8th Company'sCompanysCompanyCompany'-
spositions
Company-
spositions
Company's-
Maps
Companys-
Maps
Comp-any
Company'-
spositions
Company-
spositions
'
Maps No.NoNo.2No2. 2 & 3 positions had been undertaken , the project was by nono-
means
No-
rmans
no-
means
No-
rmansmeans completed when the division commander renderedrendered-
hisrender-
edhis report.report. Trench traces had been dug to a depth ofof-
from
af-
front
of-
from
af-
front
of-
from
af-
frontfrom two to three feet on those edges of the boisbo1sboilbois-
exposed
boi-sterous
bo1s-
exposed
boil-
exposedbo-
lerosexposed to enemy attack.attack. In the fields in front ofof-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
tenthe trenchtrenoh tracestraoes there had been placed a few barbedbarbed-
wire
barb-ed
barbed-
wire
barb-ed
barbed-
wire
barb-edwire entanglements.entanglementsentanentrain lements.lementsClements. Substantial emplacements had beenbeen-
constructedbeen-
constbea-
consbeen-
constructedconstructedconst uotedquoted for the machine guns.gunsiuns.iunsins. These were underunde-
rexcellent
und-ersexed
unde-
rexcellent
und-ersexed
unde-
rexcellent
und-ersexedexcellent coverooverover from aerial observation , andtoandoand to theirtheir-
frontth-
eirtheir-
frontth-
eirtheir-
frontlanesterr-
ibleness;),
front/lanesfrontlanes.front lanes had been cutout through the trees and brushbrush-
so
brush-
es'1/
so80 as to afford frontal and flanking fields of fire.firefire.-
The
frot-
hed
fire.-
The
frot-
hed
fire.-
The
frot-
hed
.
The constructionoonstruotion of substantialBubstantial dugouts had beenbeen-
3
been-
2
been-
w
bee-
n
w
-3-3-2-2.2-.2-. 3-
L
2-
(2)
2-
2
.2-
L
2-
L
-.}
.
.
l.lLL .. . . . . .
started , but as yet shelter fromfro the incessant artilleryartillery-fire
artille-ryfire of the enemy was inadequate.inadequate. The members of thethe-
8th
the-
8th
the-
8th8th Company occupied little more than covered holes inin-
the
in-
terin-
the
in-
terin-
the
in-
terthe ground near their firing positions , except thosethose-
few
tho-se
those-
few
tho-se
those-
few
tho-sefew who were soeo fortunate as to be assigned a halfhalf-
dozen
half-
tonehalf-
dozen
half-
tonehalf-
dozen
half-
tonedozen small splinter proof shelters just in rear ofof-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
tenthe woods.woodswoods-
.Bth
Woo-
ds
woods-
.8th
wood-
s8th
.
Bth8thBeth' Company on PassivePassiPass ve DefenseDefense-
The
Defen-seThe 8th Company was on the passivep ssiveSusie defense.defensedefense.-
On
defen-se
.
On MayLay 27 the German Seventh Army had attacked thethe-
French
th-erein
the-
French
th-erein
the-
French
th-ereinFrench and British positions between SoissonsOrisonsSoiSoil ssonssons andand-
Rheims.
ant-
hemsand-
Rheims.
ant-
hemsand-
Rheims.
ant-
hemsRheims.RheimsReins. Four days later it had blastedbla.sted. its way thirty-thirtythirty-three
thi-rty
thirty-three
thi-rty
thirty-three
thi-rty
-three miles to the northern portion of Chateau Thierry.ThierryTheoryThierry.-
The
Theo-ry
.
The troops of the Seventh Army - in this area underunder-
comnand
under-
manned
underc-
ommand
unde-
rcooked
underc-
ommand
unde-
rcookedcomnandcommand of the IV Reserve Corps ( Corps ContaContac ) - concon-con-
tinued
con-
tinued
con-
tinued
¬-tinuedtined their attacks with depleted numbers.numbers. By June 2 ,
although exhaustedexhauBte by the exertions of their rapidrapid-
advance
rapid-
advance
rapid-
advanceadvance , they had cleared the enemy from all of ChateauChateau-
Map
Chate-au
Chateau-
Map
Chate-au
Chateau-
Map
Chate-auMap No 1 ThierryTheory north of the MarneArne ; by June 4 the Bois dede-
Belleaud-
ebaclede-
Belleaud-
ebaclede-
Belleaud-
ebacle. . BelleauBelle , BoureechesBoureschesOutreaches , VauxAux , and the summitsummit of Hill 204204-yr
204-
were/yr.'
(4)4( ) IV Oer.OerGer.GerBoerGear. Res.ResReesRes-.Corps
Es-corts
. were in their hands.hands. (4)4(4)-Corps
4C-orps
(4)-
Resistance
4R-
esistance(4)-
Corps4C-
orps( )
Corps , Vol.VolViol.1 , Doo.DooDoc.DocDodo. 10 , Resistance to the advance of thethe'the-CorpstheCorps'- Corps ContaContacConta-Items
Cont-raries
Conta-Items
Cont-rariesItems 34-433443- stiffened perceptibly.perceptibly. On the evening of June 4 thethe-
corpshe-
ctors
the-
corpshe-
ctors
the-
corpshe-
ctorscorps commander issued an order which read , in part :
CorpsOorpsOops ContaOontaContacPoona , whichwhioh is charged with the propro-pro-tection
pro-tection
pro-tection
¬-tectionsection of the left flank of the Seventh ArmyArm-yduring
Arm-strong
Arm-yduring
Arm-strong
Arm-yduring
Arm-strongduring the attackattaok of the Seventh Army'sArmysArms' rightright-flank
righ-tful
right-flank
righ-tful
right-flank
righ-tfulflank , is compelledoompelled to temporarily assume thethe-defensive
the-defensive
the-defensivedefensive , after positions most suitable for thisthis-purpose
this-purpose
this-purposepurpose axeare captured.capturedoaptured.oaptured. I insist that all commandersoommanderscommander-sinform
command-eering
oommander-sinform
command-eering
commander-sinform
command-eeringinform their troops , leaving no doubt in theirtheir-minds
ther-mions
their-minds
ther-mions
their-minds
ther-mionsminds , that our attackattaok up to this time had passedpasedpassed-far
pass-ed
pased-far
pass-ed
passed-far
pass-ed
$far beyond the objectives that were firstfirsta-ssigned fi-rsts firsta-ssigned fi-rsts firsta-ssigned fi-rstsassigned , and had achieved far greater successessuooessessuppressessuccesses-than
succes-sessuooesses-
thansuper-
setsuccesses-
thansucces-sesthan had been anticipated.anticipated. The offensive spiritspirit-
mustspi-rit spirit-
mustspi-rit spirit-
mustspi-ritmust be maintained even8veneven though a temporary lulllull-
Inlulli-
nglull-
inlulli-
nglull-
inlulli-
ngIn the attaokattack seems8eems to exist.exist. We are the victorsviotorsvictors-
3
viotors-
3
victorsp.M.-
Ir
victor-
s
.
1.1.,.
-3-33i-
'
3-
i
- -t
' /i'i'i/i'M' M *. . .irir. .." <" ' >. .l-l. -.. '. ._*' _ W .
" ". _. .. . ... ... < ... .--. _ ._ .. .
_. ' . "_ p.M.IrpMIrMIr.. _. "' MY''' '' 4. ' ..._a"a" " ' '' . . ...__. - . ' . .....__ .. _a"a" ' .
_" - _ . . . ' . . ' -"" '- '.- . _. ' -..-. " , .......- . .-
1 .
and will remain on the offensive.offensive. The enemy isis-defeated
m-isdeemed
is-defeated
m-isdeemed
is-defeated
m-isdeemeddefeated and the high command will utilize thisthis-great
hairs-breadth
this-greathairs-
breadth(5)5( ) IVI V Ger.GerGearGer.r. Res.ResReesRes-.Corps
Es-corts
Re s . great victory to the fullest extent.extent. (5)5(5)-
The
5T-
he(5)-
The
5T-
he(5)-
Corps5C-orps ( )
Corps , Vol.VolViolVol.-
IVioli-
n.
1I , Doc.Doc. 10 , The corps commander directed that preparationspreparation-sbe preparations-Item preparati-onsItem 1Jil7:<77IKJil7IqjIKIqjIKM-
ap
Im-
p
1 3 be made for the seizure of Le ThioletHilt and BourbetinDoublethink onon-
theM-
onte
on-
theM-
ontethe Paris-MetzParisMetzMet- Road as positions most suitable for thethe-
temporarythe-
temporarythe-
temporarytemporary defensive.defensivedefensive.-
The
defensi-ve
.,
The Corps ContaOontaContacPoona , however , soon found itselfitself-on
itse-lf
itself-on.an
its-elf
itself-onan
its-elfonon.anonanon-anonanConan.- an enforced defensive.defensive. On June 6 the enemy attackedattacked-the
attack-ed
attacked-Map
attack-edMap No.No. 11-
Map
the Bois de BelleauBelle and Bouresches.BoureschesOutreaches. The village waswa-
slost
wal-
lopswa-
slost
wal-
lopswa-
slost
wal-
lopslost to the Germans , as was the southern portion ofof-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
tenthe woods.woods. ContinuousOontinuous assaults followed on the BoisBois-
de
Boi-se
Bois-
de
Boi-se
Bois-
de
Boi-sede BelleauBelle until , on June 26 , the woods was completelycompletely-
evacuated
comp-letely
completely-
evacuated
comp-letely
completely-
evacuated
comp-letelyevacuated by the German troops.troops. To the east , in thethe-
meantime
he-
matitethe-
meantime
he-
matitethe-
meantime
he-
matitemeantime , the enemyenergy had advanced his lines to thethe-
northerneth-
nographer
the-
northerneth-
nographer
the-
northerneth-
nographernorthern edge of the Bois de la MoretteMaretteCorvetteMarietta and to withinwithin-
a
withi-na few hundred meters of the village of Vaux.VauxAuxVaux.-
On
Au-x
Vaux.-
On
Au-x
Vaux.-
On
Au-x
.
On June 23 , higher headquarters - now thethe-
VIII
the-
VIII
the-
VIIIVIII Army Corps - directed that the combat activitiesactivities-of
activiti-esof the 201st20lst Division be reduced to the minimum , "inin"in-
an
in-an
ina-
ne
"in-
an
in-an
ina-
ne
"in-
an
in-an
ina-
ne
"
an inconspicuous manner , and that aside of completecomplete-
assurancecom-
pletescomplete-
assurancecom-
pletescomplete-
assurancecom-
pletesassurance of readiness for defense , it was to extendextend-
only
extend-
edly(6)6( ) 301st201st Ger.GerGearGer-.Inf.
Er-in. only to watching and observing the enemy.11enemy11enemy.enemy. " (6)6(6)-
Therefore
6T-
herefore(6)-
In6I-n(6)-
Inf.6I-
nf( )
Inf.InfInfoInf.f. Div.DivDiv.-Vol.
DDiv.-Vol.
iv .Vol.VolViol. 3 , Therefore , on July 1 , the 8th Company waswas-
engaged
ass-
emblage
was-Doc.
as-dic
was-Doc.
as-dicDoc.Doc. 50 ,June 23- .". engaged primarily in consolidating its positions forfor-
defense
fo-urteens
for-
defense
fo-urteens. ..tt. <\/ .tJtJ. (x-xxIx-
Uap
u-
napt
-* I - I.I.>1 ,w.JJxw...
: defense and observingobs'erving' the enemy.enemyenem-
y.Available
enem-
y.Available
.. /
Available Information OonoerningOoncerningConcerninConcerning the EnemyEnemy-
In
Ene-my
EneRene mm-
InIn the ravine runningrun'ning' from BourbetinDoublethink towardtoward-
Monneaux
toad-stone
toward-
Konneaux
toad-stone
toward-
tap
towa-rdUapMaptapAp No.No10.10. 1 MonneauxKonneauxOnega , some 350250 meters south of the Paris-MetzParisMetzMetParisMetzh-
ighwayParisMetzh-
igbwayParisMetzh-
ighway
-highwayhigbway , were enemy lines.lines. The Bois des ClerembautsOlerembautsCerebratesClerembauts-
toOlerembauts-
toCerebrat-
esto the west was also occupied by the enemy.enemy. The 8th8th-
Company1s
8th-
Oompany'
8th-
Oompany
8th-
Company's
8th-
CompanysCompany1sOompany'OompanyCompany'sCompanysCompany' _ opponents were AmericansAmerioans of the 2d Division ,., ; 1.1A*A-
soF-
aso
.'> .
so the 201sta018t Division had been informed when it enteredentered-
the
enter-edthe lineslin.linOlin. . around Vaux.VauxAuxVaux.-
4
Vaux-
4
.
-4-444-44-4-
(5)
4-
5
4-
and
-
What mannerr nernear of fighting men were thesethese-
soldiersth-
esesthese-
soldiersth-
esesthese-
soldiersth-
esessoldiers from across the seas ?
,. * fhehehe Americans "stillstill"stlllstlll" of-,x- were novices thethe-
lowesthe-
lloesthe-
lowesthe-
lloesthe-
lowesthe-
lloeslowest grade in the game"game" so far as attack tacticstactics-and
tactici-an
tactics-and
tactici-an
tactics-and
tactici-anand training in open terrain warfare were concerned ,
a regimental commander had reported on June 12.12123.3. HeH-
estated
H-
esitated
H-
estated
H-
esitated
H-
estated
H-
esitatedstated that the tactical training of the men could beb-
eclassifiedd-
eclassifiedb-
eclassifiedd-
eclassifiedb-
eclassifiedd-
eclassifiedclassified as inferior , that leadership by both juniorjunior-and
juni-or .
and higher commanders lacked skill , thattha.t. attacks werewere-
verywhe-
rever
were-
verywhe-
rever
were-
verywhe-
reververy energetic but not coordinatedooordinated , and that commanderscomnanderscomnanders-
didcommander-
sdid
command-ers
{
(7)7( ) 217th817th Ger.GerGearGer-.Inf.
Er-inGer-
.Inf.Er-in
. did not knowknow.knowknow.howknow.how to utilize advantages gainedgained./(7)gained.7gained.(7)7gainedgained.(7)I-
nf.gained7I-
nfgained./(7)gained.7gained.(7)7gainedgained.(7)-
Discussinggained7D-
iscussing.// ( 7)7)
Inf.InfInfo. Div.DivDiv.-Vol.
Div.-Vol.
. , 'Vol.VolViol. 4 , Doc.Doc. Discussing the defense tactics of thethe-
Americans
th-eatricals
the-
Americans
th-eatricals
79 , Items130-131130131- & Americans , however , the German regimental commandercommand-
erreported
comma-ndeered
command-
erreported
comma-ndeered
.. / '175-177175177-",
. . K*. J>
|r Jf reported that their training in rifle marksmanshipmarksmanship-
was
marksmans-hip
-> ., 1/11-
(8)
1-
8
, / *' *, \\/\ ; ", was "remarkableremarkable" , " that once they broke through thethe-
German
ste-
ersman
the-
German
ste-
ersman
the-
German
ste-
ersmanGerman lines they settled down behind rocks and byby-
theirb-
ather
by-
theirb-
ather
by-
theirb-
athertheir rifle fire broke up every counterattack ,untiluntil-
dislodgedunt-
idiestuntil-
dislodgedunt-
idiestuntil-
dislodgedunt-
idiestdislodged by the use of hand grenades.grenades. (7)7(7)-
An
7-An
(7)-
An
7-An
(7)-
An
7-An
( )
An intelligence report of June 3222 likewiselikewise-made
likew-ise
likewise-made
likew-ise
likewise-made
likew-isemade comment upon the effectiveness of the AmericansAmericans-
withAmeric-
ansAmericans-
withAmeric-
ansAmericans-
withAmeric-
answith the rifle.rifle. When occupyingocoupying positions closeolosefoliose to thethe-
German
ste-
ersman
the-
German
ste-
ersman
the-
German
ste-
ersmanGerman lines , snipers and sharpshooters appeared whowho-
were
sho-
wered
who-
were
sho-
wered
who-
were
sho-
weredwere very muchmuohmouth on the alert and fired upon every GermanGerma-
nsoldierGer-
mansGerma-
nsoldierGer-
mansGerma-
nsoldierGer-
manssoldier who showed himself , a method of ooombatombatwombat whichwhiohwhic-
hresultedhit-
cheswhio-
hresulwh-
oreswhic-
hresultedhit-
chesresultedresulresult ted in many losses and had "quitequite"quiqui" te a disturbingdisturbing-
effectdistur-
bingdisturbing-
effeotdistur-
bingdisturbing-
effectdistur-
bingeffecteffeot on our men.men. " In the attackattaok , however , continuedoontinuedcontinued-
theoontinued-
thecontinu-
edthe report , the AmericansAmerioansAmericana were totally inexperiencedinexperienoed ,
made very little useUBe of their fire arms , attackedattaoked inin-
mobs
in-
most
in-
mobs
in-
most(8)8( ) 237th Oer.OerGer.Ger.BoerGearGer-.Inf.
Er-inGer-
.Inf.Er-in . mobmobsa , and did not hold theirthe1r groundgr jndnd when subjectedlubjeotedclubfooted toto-
Inf.T-
obinto-
.evere
st-
opover
to-
severe
ob-
serverInf.Inf.Info. Div.DivDiv.-vol.
Div.-Vol.
Div.-Vol
.vol.volviol.* 4, , severe.evereevereRevere. machine gun and rifle firefire.,. (88(8-
8
8-
8
(8)8( ). Doo.DooDoc.DocDodo. 797976 , rrI-tems
It-emsItems l&kxlkxlx1&+ " Mf185186 X J'r" 1.$".,\Jl'Jl\$
-8-8-8-
(7)
8-
7
8-
What
-
' \
July 1 - TheT e 8thSthSeth Company'sCompanysCompany'CompanyCOlnpanConan ' s _DayDaLQ..fDaLQfAlfofJDoomofJDoom-
The
of.. DDoomDoom-
The
Dorot-
hea
?.!!!
The members of the 8th Company enjoyed aa-
nightn-
ighta-
nightn-
ighta-
nightn-
ightnight of comparative peace on June 30-July30July- 1.1. SoonSoo-
nafterSo-
nataSoo-
nafterSo-
nataSoo-
nafterSo-
nataafter daybreak , however , there fell on the Bois de lala-
Cote
pl-
acate
la-
Cote
pl-
acate
la-
Cote
pl-
acateCote 192 enemy artillery fire of unusual intensity.intensityintensity.-By
intensi-ty
.
By 9009:00;: AM the opponents'opponents' guns were registeringregistering-systematically
regis-teringregistering-
systematicallyregis-teringregistering-
systematicallyregis-teringsystematically on the 8th Company'sCompanysCompany' positions.positions. FromFrom-
theFrot-
hed
From-
theFrot-
hed
From-
theFrot-
hedthe woods it could be seen that the units of the 2d2d-
Battalion2d-
Battalion2d-
BattalionBattalion in the Bois de la RocheBroche were also sufferingsufferingf-
romsufferi-
ngfrom intense shel"1.shel1.shel1shel'shelshelf"' ., fire , that VauxAux was encircled in aa-
cordon
c-
ordona-
cordon
c-
ordon/' '(9)9( ) 201st20lst Oer.OerGer.GerBoerGearGer-
.Iif.Ger.-
IAf.Gr-
ief. cordon of burstingburstiIlg high explosive shells.shells. (9)9(9)-
Ifif.9I-
fif(9)-
The
9T-
he(9)-
The
9T-
he( )
Ifif.IfifIif.IifIAf.IAfZiffIf. Div.DivDiv.-Vol.
Div.-Vol.
Div.-Vol.
.Vol.VolViol. 3 , Doc.Doc. The bombardment continued unabated until50 , JulyJulJuly y 1.11-
.402d
1-
402d
.& IjOO1:00100Jo: PM when the enemy'senemysenemy' artillery activity increasedincreased-
402dincreased-
toincrease-
d402d Ger.GerGearGer-.Inf.
Er-inGer-
.InEr-
inGer-
.Inf.Er-in
.Inf.InfInfoIn! . Regt.RegtRetRegt.-Vol.
Ret-ool
Regt.-Vol
Ret-ool
. to systematic fire for destruction along the wholewhole-Vol.
who-le whol-
efront
shore-
frontwhol-
efront
shore-
frontVol.VolViol., 3 , Doc.DocDoc.-S
Doc-S
.
53S 3 , JulyJulJuly y 1.11-
.let
1-
let. front of the 402d Infantry.Infantry. Harassing fire fell onon-
theM-
onte
on-
theM-
onte&
1stlet , 2dad , 3d3d-Bns.
3d-Bns
3d-Bns.
3d-Bns
the approaches to the Bois de la Cote 192 and isolatedisolatedB-ns. isolated-the
isolat-edBns.BnsBans. , 402d402d-&er.
402-der
402d-Ger.
402d-Ger
402d-Ger.
402d-Ger&er.erGer.GerGear& . Inf.InfInfoInf.-Vol.
Inf.-Vol.
. the company from battalion headquarters.headquarters . The membersmembers-Vol.
memb-ersmembers-
of
membe-
rsVol.VolViol. 3=S ,Doc.Doc. 54 , of the 8thSthSeth Company hugged their inadequate shelters ;
July 1several were killed or wounded by shell fragments.fragments. (9)9(9)-
Just9J-
ust(9)-
Just9J-
ust(9)-
Just9J-
ust( )
Just before 6:00600: PM , drum fire fell on thethe-
ParisXOtBth-
eatricsth-
eParis.taRoadt-
heoristthe-
ParisMetah-
earseParis-XOtBParisXOtBParis-MetaMeta-ObParis-.taRoadParis.taRoadTara-.. Road , throwing poplar trees high into thethe-
air.
th-eir
the-
air.
th-eir
the-
air.
th-eirair.air. A barrage of crunchingcrunohing steel rolled through thethe-
fieldsSh-
effield
the-
fieldsSh-
effield
the-
fieldsSh-
effieldfields towards the Bois de la CoteOoteBooted 192 , creatingoreatingorating aa-
greatg-
reata-
greatg-
reata-
greatg-
reatgreat screensoreenDoreen of dust whichwhioh hid the roadway from sight.sighteight.eightsight.-
Planes
sight.-
Planes
eight.-
Planes
.
Planes with strange newnew.new-markingsnewmarkings.- markings darted overhead.overhead. (9)9(9)-
The
9T-
he(9)-
The
9T-
he(9)-
The
9T-
he( )
The barrage approachedapproaohed the woods , reachedreaohed thethe-
southern
tes-
tosterone
the-
southern
tes-
tosterone
the-
southern
tes-
tosteronesouthern edge.edge. Rifle bullets whizzed erraticallyerratiaallyerraticallyt-hrough
erratic-ally
erratiaallyt-hrough
erratic-ally
erraticallyt-hrough
erratic-allythrough the brush , fired by unseen hands behind thethe-
curtainte-
arstainthe-
curtainte-
arstainthe-
curtainte-
arstaincurtain of smoke and whirling dirt.dirt. The barragebarrage-
thunderedbar-ragebarrage-
thunderedbar-ragebarrage-
thunderedbar-ragethundered its way through to the northern edge of thethe-
bois.
the-
ories
the-
bois.
the-
ories
the-
bola.
T-heobois.boisbola.bola.
-8-8- 8-
(9)
8-
9
8-
(9)
8-
9
-
Noncommissioned officers prodded panicpanic-I
pani-c
panic-
strickenanti-
strikepanic-
strickenanti-
strikeI/stricken soldiers from their shelters to meet thethe-
attackhea-
rtache
the-
attackhea-
rtache
the-
attackhea-
rtacheattack boundb und to come.comecome.Acome. /AA/ gunner rushedrushe to his machinemachine-
gun
machi-ne
machine-
gun
machi-ne
machine-
gun
machi-negun in the southwesternsouthwestern portion of the woodsoodsodds , struggledstruggled-
ystruggle-
dstruggled-
franticallystru-
ggled . " . , - --_. . . ._. . " . - .
" ' , .y.. : " 'tt"' . ." frantically [@so1sod
".JJ.] to'to'tt' o change its positionposition'JaspositionJas''asas' as to cover thethe-
roadway
thr-
owaway
the-
roadway
thr-
owaway<I *f' i v>J"J" "
77J-JJ-* f(''" roadway leading from Cotete__
1757.7.
, fired one short burst.burstburs-t.'itf burs-titf bu-rst burst.-
An
bur-st
.'itfitfif'"/ -."J-"JJI'I'
, ,/'{ '
. An automatic rifle chugged in the brush near the machinemachine-
gun1s
machin-
egun's
machin-
egunsmach-
inemachin-
egun's
machin-
egunsmach-
inegun1sgun'sguns' position.position. The gunner slumped over his gun.gungun-
.Shouting
gu-
mshoeing
gun-
.Shouting
gu-
mshoeing
gun-
.Shouting
gu-
mshoeing
.
Shouting figures , clad in yellow-brownyellowbrown- ,
appeared everywhere in the woods.woods. Several cried inin-
perfectim-
perfectin-
perfectim-
perfectin-
perfectim-
perfectperfect German : ""SurrenderSurrender"SurrendersSurrenders! Surrender I1! II" The company'scompanyscompanycompany'-sacting
companys-
actingcompen-
satingcompany'-
sacting
companys-
actingcompen-
satingcompany'-
sacting
companys-
actingcompen-
sating'
acting officer , wounded , fled to the rear.rear. The feld-feldfelidfeld-
webel
flyw-
heelfeld-
webel
flyw-
heelfeld-
web
fiel-
ded
---webelwheelweb 1 , surrounded by Americans , darted through theirtheir-
linestheo-
ries---1-1011011-
0lines-
lines into the field.field. One rifle shot rang out ; thethe-
feldwebel
the-
feldwebel
the-
feldwebelfeldwebelflywheel dropped in his tracks.tracks. Leaderless soldierssoldiers-
ofsoldie-
rs--
of the 8th Company , seeking to flee to the rear , foundfound-
theirfon-
dlerfound-
theirfon-
dlerfound-
theirfon-
dlertheir avenues of escape closed.x'closedxclosedclosed.x'-By
closedxB-y
close-d
closedclosed'closedclosed'B-y
closedB-y close-d
. '-
By 6306:30:* PM , the 8th Company was one in littlelittlem-
orelitt-
lelittlem-
orelitt-
lelittlem-
orelitt-
lemore than name only.only. Eight of its enlisted personnelpersonnel-
layperson-
nellay dead in the Bois de la Cote 192.192192 .,* several , horriblyhorriblyw-
oundedhorr-
iblyhorriblyw-
oundedhorr-
iblywounded by shell fire , lay moaning in their sheltersshelters.shelters.-
sixtyshelt-
ers*.,
sixty were on their way to BourbetinDoublethink as prisoners ofof-
war.
sof-
tware
of-
war.
sof-
tware
of-
war.
sof-
twarewar.warwar.-
SITUATION
wo-
rkstation
war.-
SITUATION
wo-
rkstation
war.-
SITUATION
wo-
rkstation
.
SITUATION OF OgjpANYLogjamCOMPANY M , 33d23d UU.S.USU.U. 8.8B.B. INFANTRYINFANTRY-jRIOR
Infan-try INFANTRY-PRIOR
INFAN-TRY
INFANTR-
YCompany
Infa-ntry
Mf ;jRIORPRIORjuror TO ATTACK ON BOISSO S DE LA COTE 192-
Company
192lsaElsalsa-
Company
sa-rcomaCompany MK of the 23d U.S.USU.9.U9.U9. . Infantry hadhad-
Map
ad-apt
had-
partioipatedhad-
Map
ad-aptMap NoNo.No,. 1 participatedpartioipated in the attack of June 6 whichwhioh had resultedresulted-
inresulte-
din the'the' lose1088 to the Germans of the village of BoureschesBouresohesOutreachesNourishesBouresches-
and
Bouresohes-
and
Outreac-hes
Bulrush-esand the southernlouthernLutheran edges of the Bois de Belleau.BelleauBelle. In thisthise-
ngagement
thise-
ngagement
thise-
ngagementengagement the companyoomp&n1oompn1& had sufferedsutteredshuttered heavy casualties.casualtiesoasualties.oasualtiescasualties.-
The
oasualties.-
The
casualti-es
.
The followingfollow1ng week it was severely gassedgas8ed with aa-
resultantr-
esultanta-
resultantr-
esultanta-
resultantr-
esultantresultant disastrousd18aatroul losslOll in personnel.personnelperlonnel.perlonnel. By the middlemiddle-
7.. -7-7-7-
"J
7-
J
7-
Noncommissioned
-I
III
L
of June , two weeks after entering the sectorseotor northwestnorthwest-
of
Northwe-stof Chateau ThierryTheory , there remained with the unit onlyonly-
one
nyl-on
only-
one
nyl-on
only-
one
nyl-onone officer and less than two score soldiers of thethe-
organizationter-
rorizationthe-
organizationter-
rorizationthe-
organizationter-
rorization"
organization as constituted on June 1.11-
.Character
1-
Character
1-
.Character
1-
Character
. -
Character of ReplacementsReplacements-
ReplacementsReplac-
ementsReReplacements-
ReplacementsReplac-
ementslacementsplacementslacements-
ReplacementsReplacements were received during thetheperiodcheerioperiod-periodperiod-
Juneperi-
odperiod-
June
peri-od
-eriodperioderiod-
June
per-iodJune 15-171517- for reorganization of the company.company. TheseThese-
wereTh-
eseThese-
wereTh-
eseThese-
wereTh-
esewere noncommissioned officers and soldiers from thethe-sLj'
the-sLj
thr-ees
theV-
ISIthei-
sticthe-
77I,3the-
77I3s-Lj'sLj'Lj,--*-77I,3/77I,377I377I,3a77I3a/VISIVISIVII'/, *,", 3 '/ 01'\/-01'01a//-a0-1'41st
0-141st
a-
41stVV-
41st/'\/--_
41st National Guard - intelligent youths of excellentexcellentp-
hysique.exce-
llentexcellentp-
hysique.exce-
llentexcellentp-
hysique.exce-
llentphysique.physique. All had undergone several months of trainingtraining-in
trainin-gin small arms fire ; the noncommissioned officers , thethe-
most
the-
rmos
the-
most
the-
rmos
the-
most
the-
rmosmost of whom had seen National Guard service on thethe-
Mexican
the-
oretician
the-
Mexican
the-
oretician
the-
Mexican
the-
oreticianMexican border , hadh d received instruction in the firingfiring-of
firin-gof German weapons.weapons. The morale of these replacementsreplacements-
was
replaceme-nts
,was high.high. They required only front line experience toto-
become
to-
baccoto-
become
to-
baccoto-
become
to-
baccobecome excellent combat soldiers.soldierssoldiers.-
For
soldie-rs
soldiers.-
Map
soldie-
rs
.
For eight days , beginning June 18 , thethe-
reorganizedthe-
reorganizedthe-
reorganizedreorganized CompanyOompany M , still at reduced strength , heldheld-
Map
he-ld
held-
a
hel-d
held-
Map
he-ldMap No.No. 1 a support position in the patch of woods immediatelyimmediately-
southimmedia-
telysouth of the Bois de BelleauBelle , overlooking Boureaches.BoureachesBouresches.BoureschesOutreachesBoureaches-
.RelievedOutre-
achesBouresches-
.Relieved
Bouresches-
.Relieved
.
Relieved from this support position on the night ofof-
June
soj-
ourned
of-
June
soj-
ourned
of-
June
soj-
ournedJune 262726-272627*- , the company reverted to the reserve andand-
went
can-
dent
and-
went
can-
dent
and-
went
can-
dentwent into bivouacbivouao in woods to the south of the Paris-ParisParis.Paris-
Metz
Parlia-
ment
Paris-
Metz
Parlia-
ment
Paris.-
MetzPa-
ris-.
MetzMet highway.highwayhighway-
.Receipthigh-way
highway-
.Reoeipthigh-way
highway-
.Receipthigh-way
.
ReceiptReoeipt of Untrained ReplacementsReplaoementsReplacements-
While
Replacem-ents
Replaoements-
While
Replacements-
whileReplacem-
entsWhile in the reserveeservedeserve bivouac , on JuneJUDe 282S28-
there
2S-
there
28-
therethere were receivedreoeived additional replacementsreplaoements to bringbring-
the
brigh-
tenbring-
the
brigh-
tenbring-
the
brigh-
tenthe companyoompany to authorized strength.strength. Half a hundredhundred-
ofhundr-
edof the latest arrivalsarrival.arrival. were drafted enlisted men ,
French-AmericansFrenchAmericans- from LouisianaLoui8iana who had reported toto-
theirto-
othier
to-
theirto-
othier
to-
theirto-
othiertheir training oampscampsamps barely six weeks before they foundfound-
themselves
found-
themselvelfound-
themselvesthemselvesthemselvel members of a companyoompany serving in an activeaotiyeHattieactive-
8
aotiye-
8-8-8- 8-
of
8-
i
-i
4
/.:
.
: . . ,-.. _ .-JJ-J-
of
O-
f
sector on the WesternIlesternLester Front.Front. Few of these LouisianansLouisianans-
had
Louisiana-nshad ever fired aa.. rifle , service or otherwise ; none werewere-
j
wer-e
wer-
esoldiers
aero-
solizes-===== -
j -.r.
," soldiers except in name.name. June 29 was spent in thethe-
reorganizationth-er eth-er the-
reorganization"1 d - ' ! r--
reorganization of the company into the normal fourfour-
platoons.
form-
ulationsfour-
platoonform-
ulationfour-
platoons.
form-
ulationsplatoons.platoonsplatoonplatoons.-
Reconnaissance
platoons.-
Reconnaissances.ss-
.Reconnaissance
.
Reconnaissance of Bois de la Cote 193192193-
In
192-
In
192-
InIn the evening of June 29 , the companycompa.nycompany-
commander
compa-
nionatecompa.ny-
commander
compa-
nionatecompany-
commander
compa-
nionate.
commander of CompanyCon any M received instructions from thethe-
3d
the-
3d
the-
3d3d Battalion'sBattalions' commander to accompany the latter on aa-
reconnaissance
r-
econnaissance
a-
reconnaissa
r-
econnaissance
a-
reconnaissance
r-
econnaissancereconnaissancereconnaissace of the German positions between the BoieBoisBoiseBoie-
de
Bodi-
ed
Bois-
de
Boi-se
Bois-
de
Boi-sede la Cote 192 and Vaux.VauxAux. With'with' the unit commander werewere-
towher-
eto
were-
towher-
eto
were-
towher-
etoto go his four platoon leaders , three of whom werewere-
sergeants.
were-
sergeants.
were-
sergeants.sergeants.sergeants. Proceeding to the Bois de la MoretteCorvette beforebefore-
daybreak
enfor-
ceablebefore-
d
befor-e
before-
daybreak
enfor-
ceabledaybreakd break on June 30 , the reconnaissance party ofof-
Company
H-
offman
of-
Company
H-
offman
of-
Company
H-
offmanCompany M entered the ravine leading east from BourbetinDoublethinkBourbetin-
which
Bourbetin-
which
Bourbetin-
whichwhich was held by a company of the 9th U.S.US. . Infantry.InfantryInfantry.-
HereInfan-
try.
Here the entire day was spent in a detailed reconnaisreconnais-recommitsreconnais-sance
reconnais-
'sancereconnais-
sance¬-
sance'sancestance' of the Bois de la Cote 192 and the Bois de lala-
P.oche
ap-
achela-
Poche
ap-
achela-
oche
cl-
ocheP.ochePocheochePoochesocher?. and the approaches thereto.theretothereto.-
Reporttheret-
oforethereto.-
Reporttheret-
oforethereto.-
Reporttheret-
ofore.
Report had it that on July'July'
4 Company M wouldwoul-
dparticipatewoul-
dparticipatewoul-
dparticipateparticipate in an assault on the Bois de la1a CoteOoteBooted 192.192192.-
On
192-
On
192.-
On
192-
On
192.-
On
192-
On
.
On the return journey to the company'scompanyscompany' bivouacbivouao , thethe-
company
Et-
hiopian
the-
company
Et-
hiopian
the-
company
Et-
hiopiancompany commander formulated plansplane with his onlyonly-
lieutenantonly-
lieutenantonly-
lieutenantlieutenant for suchsuohsough instructioninstruotion for the LouisianaLouisiana-
replacementsLou-
isianaLouisiana-
replacementsLou-
isianaLouisiana-
replacementsLou-
isianareplacements in rifle and automatic rifle marksmanshipmarksmanship-
andmarksmans-
hipand the use of rifle and hand grenades as would bebe-
practicabled-
epreciablebe-
praoticablea-
berrational
be-
practicabled-
epreciablepracticablepraoticable in the short perioAper101period of four days.daysdays-
.Orders
das-yures
days-
.Orders
das-yures
days-
.Orders
das-yures
.
Orders for the AttackAttaok of July 11-
No
1-
NoNo10 sooner had the company'scompanysoompany'soompanyscompany' reconnaissancereoonnaissancereconnaissance-group
reconnaissa-nce
,
group reached the bivouacbivouao than there was placedplaoed in thethe-
hands
thr-
eadsthe-
hands
thr-
eadsthe-
hands
thr-
eadshands of the companyoompany commanderoOlllllanderoonnnander the attackattaok orderorder.. . TheTh-
eassault
He-
adsailTh-
eaS8ault
Th-
eassault
He-
adsailassaultaS8ault would be made at 6:006008:00800: PM the following day.dayday.-
9
day-
9
day.-
t'
day-
t
da-
y
.
If.Ift'If.tIftifft't'
.
tIf.t -9-9-9--9.-
c.
9-
c
9.-
M
9-
M
- ---\\
"
_ . _ _ _ . _ . _ _ . . .c.c. . . . _ _ _ _ _n _ _ "
.
..
_ _. , ._ ........ . .. ' , . ,.-.<_"_..xx..... ..... f-.n-f.nf.-
nsector
... -.'rr' . *- 1W.r1Wr.*....._.* ..,*..*.., *.. _ . ....4W'.4W4W. *' . . " .". ' ..
. ... . .nwlNnwlNnewel.. .. ... ,f.f..,!. .. . ..k. ,. - ," . . ,. M.fMMfMMm.*,.. *
.
',.. rwrw-
J'r9.7.r
rw-
Jr97r
*.'.- '.
_ . .. ,. . '"rraw.scraws' ': '. ''-' s''-'N- sr''' vea.vSveavSeaves-+ r.ASwrASwrAw- ""
. , .' 'rraw.-rraw.raw''. . ' 'iwiw-. . . ...... . . . "rI'rI" , jfBfWSjiff' *-*- '", A.A.11." < h<"*' ''*'M.M'.' rrM_rr** fJrM.JrM_Jorum-rMMMM' ' '.
. '
.. . ' -",.... . . ... ' . . . . . .-. - " ' .&.M-.M--"' --- -
..' : ' ;
J'r9.7.rJr97.rJr97r(
-_:';.' :). . :;
:.. .
:'
... .
:
. .
:.
The companyoompany would move into its position on the lineline-
oflin-
eline-
oflin-
eline-
oflin-
eof departure during the early morning hours of July 1.1.J/JV/J-
(10)J-
10(10)10( ) Reeds.ReedsRecds.RecdsReds. 2d2d-Div.
2d-Div
2d-Div.
2d-Div
2d-Div.
2d-Div
(10)10( )
Div.Div. Vol.VolViol. 3.33-
.Field3-
Field3-
.Field3-
Field3-
.Field3-
Field.
Field OrderOrder-No.
Ord-erFrench troops were to attack Hill 204 ; twotwo-
American
two-
American
two-
AmericanNo.No. 43 , 23d23d-Inf.
23d-Inf
23d-Inf.
23d-Inf
23d-Inf.
23d-InfInf.InfInfo. American battalions , one from each of the 9th and 23d23d-
U.
23d-
U&
Reeds.ReedsRecds.RecdsReds. 2d2d-Div.
2d-Div
2d-Div.
2d-Div
2d-Div.
2d-Div
U.U. S.S. Infantry Regiments , were to assault the GrermanGermanReranGrerma-
nlines
Grena-
dinesGerma-
nlines
Geral-dine
Germa-
nlines
Geral-dine
Div.Div. Vol.VolViol. 5.55-
.Messages5-
Messages5-
.Messa.ges5-
Messages5-
.Messages5-
Messages.
MessagesMessa.gesMessages-23dMessa.ges-23d
. lines from VauxAux to the Bois de lala.. Cote 192 , bothboth-
inclusive.both-
inclusive.both-
inclusive.23d Inf.InfInfoInf.-June
Inf.-JWle
Inf.-June
.JuneJWleWale 30 inclusive.inclusive. Company M , on a frontage of 350 meters ,
would constitute the left flank during the attack , itsits-exposed
int-
erposedits-
exposedint-
erposedits-
exposedint-
erposedexposed flank to be protected by a strong combat patrolpa.trolpatrolf-
rompat-
rolpa.trol-
from
pat-rol
patrolf-
rompat-
rol.
from the battalion'sbattalions' support company.company. The finalfinal-
objectivefinal-
objectivefinal-
objectiveobjective assigned the company was the northern edgeedge-
ofed-
geof the BoisioBoisBOis > la Cote 192.192. (10)10(10)-
he
10-he
(10)-
The
10T-
he( )
- Thehe artilleryar illeryMiller plan for the engagement calledcalled-for
call-ed
called-
forcall-
edcalled-
forcall-
edfor several hours of fire of destructiond.structiondstructionddetruction. on the GermanGerma-
npositions
Germa-
npositions
Germa-
npositionspositions and neutralization by gas >, followed by aa-
raking
b-
arracking
a-
raking
b-
arracking
a-
raking
b-
arrackingraking 0ff the barrage zone from 5:00500: PM to 5:57557: PM ,
with high explosive and shrapnel.shrapnel. Then for threethree-
minutes
hors-
emintthree-
minutes
hors-
emintthree-
minutes
hors-
emintminutes a barrage would be laid down 200 meters inin-
frontin-
fantin-
frontin-
fantin-
frontin-
fantfront of the line of departure.departure. Thereafter it wouldwould-
advance
would-
advance
would-
advanceadvance 100 meters every two minutes until the assaultaesault-aesaultassault-assault-
ing
aesault-
ing
assault-
ing
assault-
ing
¬-.
ingKing troops had entered the southern edges of the woods ,
whereupon it would advanceadvanoe 100 meters every threethree-
minutes.
hors-
emintthree-
minutes.
hors-
emintthree-
minutes.
hors-
emintminutes.minutes. Five hundred metersnetersme tereTerre beyond the objectiveobjeotive thethe-
barragehe-
arablethe-
barragehe-
arablethe-
barragehe-
arablebarrage would remain fixed from'from' 6:32632: PM , graduallygradually-
decreasing.grad-
uallygradually-
decreasing.grad-
uallygradually-
decreasing.grad-
uallydecreasing.decreasing.
The rate of advanceadvanoe for the infantrymen wouldwould-
be
wou-ldbe 100 meters every two minutes from the line ofof-
departure
of-
departure
of-
departuredeparture to the southern edges of the woods , therethere-there-
afterthere-
afterthere-
after¬-
after 100 metersmeter.meter. every threeth ee minutes until the objectiveobjeotiveobjective-
had
objeotive-
hadobjecti-
vehad been attained.attained.
-10-10-10-
e
10.I-
.
10-
I
-'",
"
. . . . . . . . . ,. . . , .. ..... . . . ,..,.... .. . .. . ,
._..... _. .. , . . " . .._ -.. . tKjkfKs-Yw...+*h.FxhFxFAX ; .VV. .11\ AM-!% - .' '. r" 44.w4w"'-"m-m+ - .',MhM.MhM-HmM" * "
.' ;: Mn* Y tf.r.tfr_fartf.r..a** -.a/.a-. .a-
v
/* -
. ., . ., . , .
. . .,. . .. . .. , . ,. . ...._.. _.
.,.. _._. .lk'lka.a', '' '. 1"1" I '. '.jc1A..yjc1A.yjc1Ay\ :; ', '. ' ', aMr.aMrMr
. ." v..-.. -..nn. -. .-... . . . .. . . . . .p.p.e. Mtv_...*..:. .. "1'NIM.W/L1NIM.WL1'NIM.W1NIMWL>#-%*'''&-*.**'/'*'' *"' .MM-.- * >' .h.RVhRVRV-it y''' a.s". .rINrINErin*.4U*. .1M1MIV+ > '. ; >. " .I.INr/*. *r. w.w* .rw.m.rwmwm
.'
. ,. ' . 1&
; :;&t&;\I-I\ I-
V
':
*..;- :. . -. .
-' .
.
Information Concerning the EnemyEnemy-
Company
Enemy-
Company
Enemy-
CompanyCompany M lay in the Bourbetin-MonneauxBourbetinMonneauxBourbetin-Monnea.uxMonnea.uxDoublethinkOnegaBourbetinMonneaux-
ravineBourbetinMonnea.ux-
ravine
- .
ravine throughout the morning andB.ndBndBand. afternoona.fternoon. of July 1 ,
intermingled with a unit of the 9th Infantry whichwhic-hlater
wh-ich
whic-hlater
wh-ich
whic-hlater
wh-ichlater was to move east down the ravine to participateparticipate-in
participa-tein the attack on the village of Vaux.VauxAux. During the coursecourse-
ofcour-
seof the long , wearisome day , the company was visited byby-
Map
b-mp
by-
agentsB-
arentsby-
Map
b-mpMap No.No. 22-
Map
agents of the 9th Infantry'sInfantrysInfantry' combat intelligence group.groupgroup.-
The
gro-up
group.-
The
gro-up
group.-
The
gro-up
.
The Bois de la Cote 192 wasW8.SW8S. held by approximately aa.a-
company
a-
ccompany
a-
.company
a-
ccompany
a-
company
a-
ccompany
.
company of the 201st20lst German InfantryInfa.ntry. Division , so80so-
Company
sy-
cophancy
80-
COLupany
so-
Company
sy-
cophancyCompanyCOLupanyCleanly M1sM'sMsMI' s officers were informed.informed. Three enemy machinemachine-
gunsmach-
inemachine-
gunsmach-
inemachine-
gunsmach-
ineguns were located in the bois , their normal fields ofof-
fireaf-
faire
of-
fireaf-
faire
of-
fireaf-
fairefire being in the direction of the Bois des Clerernbauts.ClerernbautsClerembauts.ClerembautsClererabauts.ClererabautsClearerCerebratesCerebraClerernbauts.-
The
Clerembauts.-
The
Clererabauts.-
The
Cerebrat-es
.
The troops on the other side of no-man's-landnoman'smanslandno-manls-landmanls- ' - werewere-
GermanPoles.
were-
GermanFales.
were-
GermanPoles.German-Poles.GermanPoles.German-Fales.Fales.PolesFables. "AA" outfit " stated- bush-leaguebushleague- , anan-
intelligenceu-
nintelligence
an-
intelligenceu-
nintelligence
an-
intelligenceu-
nintelligenceintelligence sergeant , from which had come severalseveral-
desertersseve-
raltiesseveral-
desertersseve-
raltiesseveral-
desertersseve-
raltiesdeserters into the lines held by the 9th Infantry.InfantryInfantry.-
Map
Infantry-
.To
Infantry-
man
Infant-ry
.
Map No.No. 2 -' To the company officers also were issuedissued-
airplaneiss-
uedissued-
arplaneiss-
uedairplanearplanewarplane..{ photographs of the Bois de la Cote 192 and aa-
largescales-
alvagesa-
largescales-
alvageslarge-scalelargescale- map which disclosed the purportedpurportad normalnorma-
lpositionsnorm-
alizations
norma-
lpositionsnorm-
alizations
norma-
lpositionsnorm-
alizationspositions of the enemy machine gunsgunBgun as being on thethe-
westernte-
eterthe-
westernte-
eterthe-
westernte-
eterwestern edgee'dge' of the woods , barbed wire entanglementsentanglements-
toentanglemen-
tsto the southern front , and individual rifle pits leadingleading-
fromleadi-
ngleading-
fromleadi-
ngleading-
fromleadi-
ngfrom the BoleBois de la1a Cote 192 to the Bois de la1a Roche.RocheBrocheRoche-
.In
Crochet-
ing
.
In the field midway between the two woods were twotwo-
machine
sto-
maching
two-
maohine
sto-
maching
two-
machine
sto-
machingmachinemaohine gun emplacements.emplacementsemplacements.-
To
emplacemen-
ts.
To the untutored eye of the lieutenant , thethe-
airplanehe-
artlandthe-
airplanehe-
artlandthe-
airplanehe-
artlandairplane photographs showed little more than veryvery-
dietinoteru-
ditionvery-
distinoteru-
ditionvery-
distincteru-
ditiondietinotdistinotdistinctdieting paths along the edges'edges' of the Bois de la CoteCote-
leaCo-
te192lea and connectingoonnecting that woods with the BoisBole de la RocheRooheBrocheBrooches ,
and a number of short , indistinctindistinot paths from thethe-
northern
eth-
nographer
the-
northern
eth-
nographer
the-
northern
eth-
nographer. III northern edge of the woodswoodlwool to the roadway leading toto-
11
to-
11-11-11-11-f
11.-u.
11-u
-f/
. .,... . ...... .._ . . . . , .'. . *.. ... _-* --MM"-"*,..,*> *_-**_**.*+ .- ' 'J'-'J'J'J'-
tJ-
t"' .' , '.-
. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . " *-**-'-- t ** ' "' *. .
. . .. . . . . . . "" ' S, ft'
. . .:. :. ,. .y.y. .*.,. a..taataBata....<. .. *.;-;.;;*.u.u.. "...
-.
- -. ... *.. , " w"' *."""" *-" '."""' '.
.. ., . ., . . . . . . .
. . . . . "" '.*. "-"' ", ' ,. "
. ... , 7 ' . , . ,*.,. : .t.t : :':". .
.
'
..
' . :'ZtiZtiTai' -_ '
. .\ +,
:, .
. . . . . .
.'
"
. . ' .... .
.L/.L:. .LRl..wn4LRlwn4."
/ Rl..wn4Rl.wn4Rlwn4,
,. .
;:-.!
:.t"l1.tl1.tl1:".
....; i&.
:_'6ILfYi-YiY-ii I-i &-
. '
1W.": .
the German rtar.rtarraar.raarrear.reartarradar. The platoon leader'sleaders' surmise waswa.s. thatthat-
the
thatc-
hed
that-
the
thatc-
hed
that-
the
thatc-
hedthe well marked trails were those used by enemy contactconta.ctcontact-
patrolscon-
tactconta.c-
tpatrolscon-
tactcontact-
patrolscon-
tact.
patrols at night ; that the indistinct lanes were shortshort-
cutsshort-
cutsshort-
cutscuts from the woods to the roadway.roadwayroadway.-
The
roadw-ay
.
The timely receipt of this information concon-con-
cerningcon-
cerningcon-
cerning-¬-
cerningcorning the enemy permitted study of the map andand-
airplaneA-
dairand-
airplaneA-
dairand-
airplaneA-
dairairplane photographs by every noncommissioned officerofficer-
ofoffic-
erof the company.companycompany.-
The
compa-ny
.
The Company Attack OrderOrder-
company
Fore-
woman
Order-
The
Cordie-
rite-- fheThehe company attackatta.ck. order was issued verballyverbally-on
verball-yon the line of departure where the company commandercommander-
was
comman-
derwas enabled to point out to his subordinates the objecobjec-objectobjec-
tiveobjec-
tiveobjec-
tive¬-
tivetie and the apDroachesapproaches thereto.thereto. Three platoons werewere-
to
wher-
eto
were-
to
wher-
eto
were-
to
wher-
etoto form the assaultassault wave , the platoon commandedcoacoal nandedbanded by thethe-
only
tho-
rnily
the-
only
tho-
rnily
the-
only
tho-
rnilyonly lieutenant present to be the center and guidingguiding-
unit.guidi-
ngguiding-
unit.guidi-
ngguiding-
unit.guidi-
ngunit.unit. The sergeant platoon leadersleedersbleeders of the right andan-dleft
ca-ndle
an-dleft
ca-ndle
an-dleft
ca-ndleleft assault platoons were to be under the directdirectc-
ommanddir-
ectdirecto-
ommand
disco-mmend
directc-
ommanddir-
ectcommandoommand of the lieutenant.lieutenant. The fourth platoon was toto-
constituteto-
constituteto-
constituteconstitute the support , under directdireot command of thethe-
company
Et-
hiopian
the-
company
Et-
hiopian
the-
company
Et-
hiopiancompany commander.commander. The assault platoons were to attackattack-
withatta-
ckattack-
withatta-
ckattack-
withatta-
ckwith one section in the front wave , followed at fiftyfifty-meters
fit-ment
fifty-meters
fit-ment
fifty-meters
fit-mentmeters by the second section.sectionsection.-
The
secti-on
section.-
The
secti-on
section.-
The
secti-on
.
The companyoompany commanderoommander had given seriousserious-
considerationserious-
oonsiderationserious-
considerationconsiderationoonsideration to the launching of an attack by a unitunit-
whichni-
tricunit-
whichni-
tricunit-
whichni-
tricwhich , with the exceptionexoeption of barely more than a dozendoze-nsoldiers
dow-nslides
doze-nsoldiers
dow-nslides
doze-nsoldiers
dow-nslidessoldiers , had never participatedpartioipated in offensive actionaotionabortion -a companyoompany whichwhioh had in its ranks half a hundredhundre-dtotally
undete-ctably
hundre-dtotally
undete-ctably
hundre-dtotally
undete-ctablytotally untrained men.men. His decisiondeoision , expressed in thethe-
company
Et-
hiopian
the-
company
Et-
hiopian
the-
company
Et-
hiopiancompany attaokattack order , was that in the event of aa-
wavering
w-
averinga-
wavering
w-
averinga-
wavering
w-
averingwavering of the assault lines during the advanceadvanoe ,
marchingmarohing fire - partiallypartiall1 aimed fire from the hip whilewhile-
in
whili-ng: in motion - would be 'employedemployed' at such time as thethe-
lieutenantthe-
lieutenantthe-
lieutenantlieutenant thought advisable.advisableadvlsable.advlsableadvlsable.-
12
advlsable-
12
advisable.-
rll
advisab-le
.
:1. ,1818-12-12,- _-L1 _ _, .... _ _ . _ . _ __ h _ _ _ _ . . '__ _ _ _ __ _ _____.._._ _ __
' 11-
ji . . . , . . ,. ....
.__ _ .-II- ; ' . ... , , .. . . .
. .._.. _ ._. ... ., ,. ... . . , , . ._.._ ,,..... . ' ' . .*.._..*... -a.a.-
. . . "". ...*_ji**</, .....%... . -. "' ".... ,4.f4.f4f,* .I'It'. .I'It'1-
IIIiV.
IIt1I-
IIiV
; ' !!T'T*''.'< * --nr>> .,. . , . tMtt-MM--tMttMMtomtit,mnrmr..- * *--. '" '" "' : . ' Jf...ii, LG11F*&* .rrt.r.. \:. v.r<*<n#,.> yy-
n'4
y-
n4
..'.. * '. * '. ". '': W'W** '*' '' ' - ". ' "
' r'rIf"fI'rrIffIriffr'rIf"fI'a.* *"' - V44'r//coNN.V44rcoNN.V44'rV44rcoNN.Conan*'*_/M/ ' *#- tr ' .11s *, *e** *ma 'U.vUvS4.v..warw.vwarwwar* *. , ,
.
n'4n4*"' ,) , fS.fS, '. ,. " . ". . ". . " '. ,.,. . ,. . . . . . . . .. .1111.NN. < ,. . ,. . .0/.0.4.4.4*.-\:1.1.:1.1.0:1./ . , 111.111.- ; .; .. . , *\ . :. i.i' . ., .,. . . . ". , ,. f'lt.fltfelt',. .' ", , ,. 5.5" "'. ". : ' "H'WNHWNHEWN"' ' ' '' ' ' \ ' ' ' ' '' ''''' ,' ,' ' ' ' ; ' ' ' . ; . "of"of" -"
-1IIIiV.1IIIiV.rllrill- MAP' , .-
,
> < ' ii i ti ; " ,< '
.
'.
" , '.,
'.?;*.
>.
'\, :.sJ.IfJ"oIsJIfJoIsJ.IfJ"oIasJIfJoIa,. ; ", -
. ' !,'i.I'iI,< ,( >' ,; {"ffJ"! { -aa- ' I
theithe
With'KithKith' the danger of accidental discharge fromfro-mrifles
bro-mides
fro-mrifles
bro-mides
fro-mrifles
bro-midesrifles held by men with no training in mind , the companycopa.nycompany-
commander
comp-anionate
co-cocompany-
commander
comp-anionate
- pa.nypanypankypa.ny-
commander
.
commander directed that the commissioned platoon leaderleader-
maintainlead-
smanleader-
maintainlead-
smanleader-
maintainlead-
smanmaintain throughout the company'scompanyscompany' assault wave aa-
straights-
traighta-
straights-
traighta-
straights-
traightstraight linelinejline; that the barrage should be followedfollowed-
closelyfollo-
wedfollowed-
closelyfollo-
wedfollowed-
closelyfollo-
wedclosely - at as nearlynear1 y 200 metersmeterneters: s as possible./possible.possiblepossible-
.Situationpos-
siblepossible.possible. J/J-
Situation
S-
ituationL-LL-
Situation
S-
ituation-_ _._.__ _ .
Situation as to SuppliesSupplies-
For
Suppli-es
S pliesplies-
For
pli-es
lies_For the attack and consolidation of positionspositions-
thereafterposi-
tionspositions-
thereafterposi-
tionspositions-
thereafterposi-
tionsthereafter each soldier had been issued one large tootoo-
a
to-o
tooQtootooQ-
ato-
o
$
a pick or shovel.shovel. In addition each.each. enlisted man carriedcarriedt-
wocarri-
edtwo sandbags , one , of which was employed as a , grenadegrenade-
carrier.
gren-ade
grenade-
carrier.
gren-ade
grenade-
carrier.
gren-adecarrier.carrier. Rifle and hand, grenades had been issued , butbut-
tromblons
bot-
tomlandsbut-
tromblons
bot-
tomlandsbut-
tromblons
bot-
tomlandstromblonstrombones for the rifle grenades had not reached thethe-
company
Et-
hiopian
the-
company
Et-
hiopian
the-
company
Et-
hiopiancompany prior to the hour designated for the attack.attackattack.-
The
atta-ck
attack.-
The
atta-ck
attack.-
The
atta-ck
.
The troops had left their bivouac with cartridge beltsbelts-and
bel-ts
belts-and
bel-ts
belts-and
bel-tsand automaticautomatic rifle clips filled with ammunition.ammunition8.nmuni8nmuni. ! tion.tionion. TheThe-
two
Th-
eftThe-
two
Th-
eftThe-
two
Th-
efttwo additional bandoleers of ball ammunitiona.mmuniammuniammonia. tionion which ,
according to the regiment'sregiments' attack order , were to bebe-
carriedd-
ecriedbe-
carriedd-
ecriedbe-
carriedd-
ecriedcarried by each soldier , failed to arrive at the lineline-
oflin-
eline-
oflin-
eline-
oflin-
eof departure.departuredeparture.-
The
departu-re
de par tureturret .
The Hour PrecedingP ecedlngreceding thehe AttackAttack-
ShortlyAtt-
acksAttack-
ShortlyAtt-
acksAttack-
ShortlyAtt-
acksShortly before 5:00500:; PM , the troops of thethe-
9th
the-
9th
the-
t
thef-
t
9th U.U. 8.8S.S. Infantry , who were to participate in thethe-
attackhea-
rtache
the-
attackhea-
rtache
the-
attackhea-
rtacheattack , began their movement in the Bourbetin-MonneauxBourbetinMonneauxBourbetln-MonneauxBourbetlnDoublethinkOnegaBourneBourbetinMonneaux-
ravine
BourbetlnMonneaux-
ravine
-ravine toward their line of departure in front of Vaux.VauxAuxVaux-
.This
Vacu-
ities
Vaux-
.This
Vacu-
ities
Vaux-
.This
Vacu-
ities
.
This activityaotivity was noted by the watchful observationobservatio-nv'
observatio-nv
observati-on
observation-
postsobserva-
tion.
.... . 'v'v'(11)11(11( ) 201st Oer.OerGer.GerBoerGearGer.-Inf.
Er-in. posts of the 401st German Infantry , on Hill 204.204. (11)11(11)-
Inf.11I-
nf(11)-
Inf.11I-
nf(11)-
At
11-At
( )
Inf.InfInfo. Div.DivDiv.-Vol.
Div.-Vol.
Div.-Vol.
.Vol.VolViol. 3 , At 5:00500: PM , German artillery fire crashed into thethe-Doo.
Th-eo
the-Doc.
Th-eo
the-
ravine.
te-rrain
Doo.DooDoc.DocDodo. 50 ,July 4 ravine.ravine. The left assault platoon of Company M14: waswas-
caught
was-
caught
was-
caughtt caught in a& rain of steel , seven men being killedk111eki11ed andand-
fifteenhan-
dwritten
and-
fifteenhan-
dwritten
and-
fifteenhan-
dwrittenfifteen wounded.wounded. Runners from battalion headquartersheadquarters-
in
headquarteri-ngin BourbetinBourbet1nDoublethink reported to the battalion commanderconnander thatthat-
13
that-
13
that-
13-13-1313-
M
13-
a
- -
a 13"r
' , ' , . ' . '''. -, ., . . " . . .". ,/ ..:; ....V.V,,. . M...frpryalferry. *.. .-*. <_{L.L. -.. , . . .tt. *.. . *4 , 4tM.. !, .. ,-.. ..AA*,. .
.IPM.VIPMVPM<__*._IR*'"_ . t/ "rrn" wNaWA__""'.aiaaria"' ''' ':' -. ,:' , . . t< t.t, ,. ,. . ,. ' ., ..-.-xWWM-rMM.-xWWMrMM..1--.1WWmmr1NKV..N.r1NKVN.r1NKVN. __
.. -. N.N_.-.... - "...' ' . I't.--I't.ItP./l.NA4Mt'Pl.NA4MtP.l.NA4Mt'lNA4Mt..,. */' . .......*-*--' . .
'
A*i87\77i*:': " *- j ) *
.; :
. .
. ,\ ' - ;iAw
L* * *:
<
CompanyColliPanyCoupanyCompliancy, M had been shot to pieces and could not bebe-
located.b-
loatedbe-
located.b-
loatedcX,
(13)13(1212(12)( ) Reeds.ReedsRecds.RecdsReds. 2d2d-Div.
2d-Div
2d-Div.
2d-Div
2d-Div.
2d-Div
located.located. (12)12(12)-
As
12-As
( )
Div.Div. Vol.5.Vol5.Vol5Vol.5.-Messages
Vol5-Messages
Vol.5.-Messages
Vol5-Messages
Vol.5.-Messages
Vol5-Messages
. .
MessagesMessages-23d
As the supporting American artillery beganbegan-
tobega-
n23d Inf.InfInfoInf-.July
Inf-.July
Inf-.July
.July 11l-
.
1-
l
to rake the barrage zone withw1 h high explosive andand-
shrapnelha-
ndshake
and-
shrapnelha-
ndshake
and-
shrapnelha-
ndshakeshrapnel , however ,) the GermanGerillanGuerilla bombardmentbombardment graduallygTaduallygradually-
abated.gradu-
allygTadually-
abated.gradu-
allygradually-
abated.gradu-
allyabated.abated. Sufficient time remained for a hasty reorganireorgani-reorganizereorgani-
zationreorgani-
zationreorgani-
zation¬-
zationaction of the shattered and bewildered left platoon.platoonplatoon.-
At
platoo-n
.
At 5:57557: PwiPsiWiPip ,) the foiling barrage dropped inin-
frontin-
fantin-
frontin-
fantin-
frontin-
fantfront of the line of departure with a deafening roar.roarroar.-
The
ro-ar
roar.-
The
ro-ar
roar.-
The
ro-ar
.
The companycompa.ny. commander rushed up to his lieutenant andand-
handed
man-
handled
and-
handed
man-
handled
and-
handed
man-
handledhanded him a long French rifle , trornblontromblontrombone attached.attached. HeH-
eshouted
B-
esottedH-
eshouted
B-
esottedH-
eshouted
B-
esottedshouted : "JustJustIIJust" got this.thisthithin s.s. AmericanAnerican planes are cooperatcooperat-cooperatecooperati-
ng.cooperat-
ing
¬-ing.ingKing. When they fly over you dropping six white balls ,
fire this.this. They will be asking where you are.are. FlareFlare-
in
Flari-ngin here will answer : 'WeWe' are here.1here1here.here. ' Wait 'tilltill' youyou-
get
youn-
gest
you-
get
youn-
gest
you-
get
youn-
gestget to your objective.objective. Lots of luck.luck. Good bye.bye. "
// TEETHE ATTACKATTAC-
KSix
Attac-ks
ATTAC-
KSix
Attac-ks
ATTAC-
KSix
Attac-ks/Six o'clock.oclocko'clock' . The barrage moved forward andand-
dropped
un-
drapedand-
dropped
un-
drapedand-
dropped
un-
drapeddropped on the Paris-MetzParisMetzMet- highway.highway. The assault waveswaves-
of
wav-es
waves-
of
wav-es
waves-
of
wav-esof CompanyOompany M clamberedolambered from the ravine and marchedmarched-
forward.
mar-ched
marched-
forward.
mar-ched
marched-
forward.
mar-chedforward.forward. The attacking troops were in perfect alignalign-align-
ment
align-
ment
align-
ment
¬-mentmeant when they reached the state highway.highway. AheadAhead-
thunderedHea-
dhunterAhead-
thunderedHea-
dhunterAhead-
thunderedHea-
dhunterthundered the barrage , obscuring the Bois de la Cote
192 by a whirlwind of smoke and flying dirt.dirtdirt.-
The
di-rt
dirt.-
The
di-rt
dirt.-
The
di-rt
.
The lieutenant gazed skyward for the AmericanAmerican-
planes.Amer-
icanAmerican-
planes.Amer-
icanAmerican-
planes.Amer-
icanplanes.planes. He saw none.none. His faith in cooperatingoooperating planes ,
AmericanAmerioan or otherwise , being nil , behe deposited thethe-
cumbersome
the-
cumbersome
the-
cumbersomecumbersome FrenchFrenoh rifle at the foot of one of the fewfew-
poplars
few-
poplars
few-
poplarspoplars still standing on the highway , and continuedoontinuedcontinued-
more
oontinued-
more
contin-uedmore lightheartedly on his way.wayway.-
The
Rayt-
heon
way.-
The
Rayt-
heon
way.-
The
Rayt-
heon
.
The assault&ssaulssaulsaul& t wave crossedcroBsed the ParParis-MetzParisMetzMetis-MetzisMetzMet- RoadRoad-
and
Broad-
band
Road-
and
Broad-
band
Road-
and
Broad-
bandand entered the fields.fieldsf1elds.f1elds. To the east fortortore over a&a-
14
a-
14-14-1414-14W-
M
'- -
l.l.I.I.
. , ,' . . <.-.,.- *-;... ...}:. WM--k.k. >...-- . . "lt*.... '. .*.. .1--.1. )' '_ <-M-M.-. . .
" :.. ; : ...... . . ..
.. " . :
'. ' A'A' *.. /, .,.*..t.e.. . : . .>...".,. ; . . ..V-V.-,..' . .". ". .- . . .. ...- .. - I.I. , , . . .
' ' . . . . .
' ..
.
. : '..
" , !. . ..
.
. ' : : .:.
' ..
...
.
..
. :.. ..
"
.
'*!\.A1.A1\&.. $: &-1111*-:' :-;', I' .
" . ' "
',
' '. : 'J.1J.1J1'?.VSSfcWtWj&VSSfcWtWj""ill"\"ill"ill"ill"-
'J.1 ill-J1 ", ..JII.JIIII.
"'\"
. 'jj.jj', . ....&......*.. . . . .
kilometer stretched the long line of olive drabdrab-
figurestran-
sfigures
drab-
f1sures
drab-
figurestran-
sfiguresfiguresf1sures , bayonets flashing in theth evening sunlight.sunlightsunlight.-
The
sunlig-ht
.
The alignmentali6nment was that of the parade ground.ground. AheadAhea-
dponderously
Hea-dphone
Ahea-
dponderously
Hea-dphone
Ahea-
dponderously
Hea-dphoneponderously rolled the barrage.barrage. So far no reactionreactionf-
romreacti-
onreactionf-
romreacti-
onreactionf-
romreacti-
onfrom the 201staGIstGIst German Infantry Division.DivisionDivision-
.'FourDivisio-
nFourDivi-
sionDivision.-
urDivisio-
nDivision.-
FourDivis-
ion.
-'Four'FourFour-"' Fourur hundred meters from the southern edgesedges-
ofedg-
esof the Bois de la Cote 192.192. Suddenly , even above thethe-
roarter-
rorthe-
roarter-
rorthe-
roarter-
rorroar of the barrage , wasWa.s. heard the deadlydeadldeadly y "put-put-put""putputput""putputput"-of
putputput-of
" - - "
of the German machine gun.gun. . The fire , it appeared , waswas-
being
wea-
seling
was-
being
wea-
seling
was-
being
wea-
selingbeing directed from the Bois de la RocheVBrocheROCheRoche.Broche!. TneTheTine companycompany-
on
companyi-
ngon the right wavered.wavered. One hundred meters further on ,
the right platoon of Company M , a sergeant of which waswas-
wounded
ast-
oundedwas-
wounded
ast-
oundedwas-
wounded
ast-
oundedwounded , slowed down its rate of advance ; its rightright-
flankrigh-
tfulright-
flankrigh-
tfulright-
flankrigh-
tfulflank bent backward.backwardbackward.-
Two
backw-ard
.
Two hundred meters from the Bois de la Cote
192 , the command "MarchingMarching"MarohingMarohing" fire"fire" was given.given. Rifle andand-
automatic
ana-
stigmaticand-
automatic
ana-
stigmaticand-
automatic
ana-
stigmaticautomatic rifle fire broke out.out. Almost instantaneouslyinstantaneously-the
instantaneou-slythe alignment of the three assault platoons was restored.restoredrestored.-
The
restor-ed
.
The rate of advance speeded up , somewhatsomswhat dangerouslydangerouslys-
o.dangerous-
lyso.so. The barrage rolled into the southern portion ofof-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
tenthe woods.woods. It lifted , and almost on its heels , thethe-
assaulthe-
adsailthe-
assaulthe-
adsailthe-
assaulthe-
adsailassault sections poured into the Bois de la CoteOoteBooted 192192-
at192-
at
192-
The
,
at a run/runrun.run/.*
The Objective ReachedReached-
Ten
Reach-edTen yards within the woods , one heavy withwith-
underbrush
with-
underbrush
with-
underbrushunderbrush , the lieutenant lost control of the threethree-
platoons.
trepi-
dationsthree-
platoons.
trepi-
dationsthree-
platoons.
trepi-
dationsplatoons.platoons. The fight within the woods , what little therethere-
was
Hebr-
ews
there-
was
Hebr-
ews
there-
was
Hebr-
ewswas of it , becamebeoame a squad affair.affair. SomeSomeresistanoeSomberness, resistance waswas-
encountered
wa-
senoountered
wa-
sencounteredencounteredenoountered from thosetho'se' members of the 8th CompanyOompany whowho-
had
wh-
oawho-
had
wh-
oawho-
had
wh-
oahad found time to reachreaoh their firing positions in thethe-
southwest
he-
notheistic
the-
'southwelt
the-
southwelt
the-
southwest
he-
notheisticsouthwest'southweltsouthwelt' corneroornerHorner of the boisbole before the AmericansAmericans-
swarmed
Ameri-cans
Americans.-
warmed
Ameri-cans
Americans-
swarmed
Ameri-cansi
, swarmed.warmedwarmed. into the woods.woods. The squads speedily overcameovercame-
15
\III'III'I'
lI'l
I'l. -15-15- -l.l.
, . . . , . . . . , . . .-- - - - - '- -- ---' -- -- - - - - - - - - -
.
- '
. .
-....
-.' -.....
- '.'. ,. , .
'... ._. . , . -.. *'_*. ... .4VW_...-_ I.I",. . iw*... *.. jM.jM'JKJK"' ...... ..*....AFVMM*..4'.44..'._**__ 4MR**#.,_* * Itik.ItikZiti* .-NTM *N,*... -..r. <" "*' , . . ,.* ...- '
. . . . N+. V.VY.Y"' t.'KtK.' '. wI4**. 'ww < .-
"_*_* I" . l 'I'I'I'.r.'*'*". ,4Ma,,,,*, ,,*,,,, _* . * %. _* ."*. . . -_.,> . ,,-.r..r.-. . - ...-.
.
.,
' . : ' _ .
.>.
". : :: : ;
. . . .. ,
: ; .. .
. ..
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1 'J"LJL' " .7J.N7J.N7JN-!. , .trf.trfturf. ' .
. " ' ; I.zr. -zrzr-'
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,I.I
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. ...'; < :[ .J.J! : '
this opposition by the use of the rifle , automaticautomati.cautomati-crifle
autom-atic
automati-crifle
autom-atic
automati.-crifle
autom-atic
.
rifle , and hand grenade.grenadegrenade.-
For
grena-de
.
For the most part , however , the 8th Company'sCompanysCompanyCompany'-
ssoldiers
Company-
ssoldiersCom-panyCompaCompaqCompany'-
ssoldiers
Company-
ssoldiersCom-pany
y'sysy's-
soldiersys-
soldiers
'
soldiers , still stupifiedstup1fiedstupefied and bewildered from thethe-
effectsthe-
effectsthe-
effectseffects of the rolling barrage which had just passedpassed-
over
pass-
edpassed-
over
pass-
edpassed-
over
pass-
ed,
over them , emerged from their shelters with hands raisedraised-in
raise-din token of submission.submission. Especially was this sos o whenwhen-
German
Hein-
emannwhen-
German
Hein-
emannwhen-
German
Hein-
emannGerman speaking AmericansArJericansArmenians: shouted at the doors ofof-
sheltersr-
osettesof-
shel
M-
oshe
of-
sheltersr-
osettessheltersshelshelf terstears !: "ComeComeCouleCouleeII" out and surrender I! Everything will bebe-
alright.11
be-
alright11
be-
alright.
de-
adlightbe-
alright.
de-
adlightalright.11alright11alright.alrightalright.IIalright.11-
Map
alright11-Map
. II" Vf'f'VT-heT-he
f'M-
apfM-
apM-
apMap No.No. 2 /TheThe/The airplane photographphotogrs.phphotogrsph. and combat intelliintelli-Intelintellig-
enceintellig-
enceintellig-
ence¬-
gencegene map hadlIadtadlAid disclosed to all noncommissioned officersofficers-the
office-rs
.the fact that through the left center.oenteroenterenter. of the woods ranran-
a
an-aa roadway to the north ; that by guiding on this roadwayroadway-
theroadw-
aythe company'scompanyscompany' objective would be reached.reached. Therefore ,
lost squadssgtadsstands soon found themselves on the final objectiveobjective-
line.object-
iveline.line. Here they cut off the escape of those membersmembers-
of
membe-
rsof the 8th8tb Company who sought to escape to the north.northnorth.-
Paths
nort-heast
north.-
Paths
nort-heast
north.-
Paths
nort-heast
.
Paths through the woods , leading to the rearrear-
of
re-ar
rear-
of
re-ar
*
of the 8th Company'sCompanysCompany' position , were liberally markedmarked-
withMere-
dithmarked-
wi
mark-ed
marked-
withMere-
dithwithwi th signs such as : "ToToII" To the Command Post , II" "ToToII" To thethe-
Signal
ten-
sional
the-
Signal
ten-
sional
the-
Signal
ten-
sionalSignal Station.Station. " In mopoingmoppingmooing up the woods , these markersmarkers-
provedmar-
kersmarkers-
provedmar-
kersmarkers-
provedmar-
kersproved of great value to the personnel of CompanyCompany'MCompanyM' M whowho-
had
wh-
oawho-
had
wh-
oawho-
had
wh-
oahad someeomeyeomen knowledge of GermGerm-
Less
Ear-less
German.GermanGerman-
.Less
German-
eness
German-
.Less
German-
eness
.
Less than twenty-fivetwentyfive- minutes after the zerozero-
hour
ze-ro
zero-
hour
ze-ro
zero-
hour
ze-rohour , the commanderoommander of the assault platoons found himhim-him-
selfhim-
selfhim-
self¬-
self on the final objectiveobjeotive at the station of thethe-
signalten-
sional
the-
signalten-
sional
the-
signalten-
sionalsignal lamp.lamp. Ten minutes later. all three assaultassault-platoons
ass-ault
assault-platoons
ass-aultplatoons had reached the northern edge of the woods ,
and the company'scompanyscompanr'scompanrscompanycompares' lieutenant was in oonferenoeconference with thethe-
sergeantst-
eeragethe-
sergeantst-
eeragethe-
sergeantst-
eeragesergeant commandersoommanders of the right and left assaultassault-
platoons.
ass-ault
assault-
platoons.
ass-ault
assault-
platoons.
ass-aultplatoons.platoonsplatoons.-
w
platoon-
s
.
-1616-lala- la-
i
la-
L.
lai-
c
l-a
*
i ....
L.L. ii'-
I
i-
I .. . .. . .. .. , . . ..._ . '.... .... . . .., ... . .. .. ...,. ........ . . . . ...... _ .. . .. . .. ' . . "MM*."... . ,. . '. . . .tttt. t Mt'M/A'MMA..'.../ ..Y. re.h'DN'YV'rehDNYV-... *./ .'....,w'".' .... ...' .' . . '. . , .wa'lo'l.walolwall. UCUUM.UCUUMCHUMUCUUM.-
j
'.! ' . . .
w... .;,'.*-..*.e. . .<.V4......_. -.-.M.....<.*......+.. . . ', . i\\'I'IICisCPIs' * 4M*<'- M'M*.... ' . . r.LrL*..."" . "'y.1.ary1.ary1ar.,-.** .***, ,...nw... .. R* r... ., n.MnM_*, . M/r.wMr.w_/ _. . *.IM'IM.-.' ter.tertear*. ._ j..wj..wra*- *.... _. - "/rara_/ irr-rr*../ '. -: *** " .aa*.**.*"'*-* oIIoo111.a1t.oIIoo111a1t.oIIoo111a1t44* MtnTn- .+ 6f.Nir6fNir-- r.Aww.rAwwrAw** * MMtfJ4Ywrl> * MtJiMM:l .II..w.4.6.IIw46.IIw46ilU7f.VilU7fV 4! *1+ *.
. .
. .
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. ,
'
,
:
.
'
3iS;'J.J'J..tJt'. .tt.,*
"
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. \?A\jfAjfj;foWflow\f r<
<*. . ,
,. .
.
*
.
,
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'. J.1:1J-1:1J11J:
.
-"J.Jlfelife' 1f
.:<':j( .1.1.1.,.. .. . '
.
A contact patrol , sent out from the centercenter-
platoonconte-
mplation
center-
platoonconte-
mplation
center-
Maps
center-
mostMaps No.NoNo.2No2. 2 & 33-
Map
3-
Map
platoon , discovered that the indistinct lanes snownshownsown onon-
the
M-
onte
OO-
the
O-
ther
on-
the
M-
ontethe airplane photograph as running from the north edgeedge-
ofed-
geof the woods to the roadway were not short"lortlortsiiortortidiots " cuts , asas-
had
s-had
as-
had
s-had
as-
had
s-hadhad beenbe en imagined , but the approaches to dugouts.dugouts. InIn-
them
An-
them
In-
them
An-
them
In-
them
An-
themthem were captured additional prisoners , wounded byby-
theb-
yteby-
theb-
yteby-
theb-
ytethe artillery fire of the day.daydaY-
.Overhead
day-
.Overhead
./
Overhead an American plane flew UDup and downdow-
nthe
don-
atedow-
nthe
don-
atedow-
nthe
don-
atethe finalfif ir al objective Linel.ine. , signallingsignaling frantically :;
"WhereWhere" are you ? Where are you 1"1? " The lieutenantlieutenant bethoughtbethoughbethought-
him
bethou-ght
tt-him
t-
hinhim of that French rifle at the foot of the poplar treetree-
on
ture-
enon the Paris-i/ietzParisiietzParis-MetzMetzParis-ivietzivietzRitzMetcivet- / highway , 800 meters to the rear.rear. HisHis-
solutionDis-
solutionHis-
solutionDis-
solutionHis-
solutionDis-
solutionsolution to the problem was to place in the field inin-
frontin-
fantin-
frontin-
fantin-
frontin-
fantfront of his position , at distances of thirty meters ,
three white panels.panels. These constituted his map and hishis-
undershirtis-
landershis-
undershirtis-
landershis-
undershirtis-
landersundershirt ripped into two pieces.pieces. Satisfied , thethe-
American
th-eatric
the-
American
th-eatric
the-
American
th-eatricAmerican plane circled , the pilot waved , and the planeplane-
was
pla-newas off.offoff.-
CONSOLIDATION
off.-
CONSOLIDATION
off.-
CONSOLIDATION
.
CONSOLIDATION OF CAPTURED POSITIONSPOSITIONS-
The
POSITIONS-
Map
Positio-nsMap No.NoNo.3No3. 3 The lieutenant commanding the assaultassault-
platoonsass-
aultassault-
platoonsass-
aultassault-
platoonsass-
aultplatoons , for consolidation of the captured positionspositions-
of
positio-nsof the 8th CompanyOompany , assigned to the right platoon oneon-
ehalfN-
ealon-
ehalfN-
ealon-
ehalfN-
ealhalf of the northern edge of the woods , the centercenter-
platoonconte-
mplation
center-
platoonconte-
mplation
center-
platoonconte-
mplationplatoon the remaining half as far as the roadway , exex-
clusive.
ex-
clusiveex-exex-
clusive.
ex-
clusiveex-
clusive.
ex-
clusive¬-
clusive.clusivecollusive. To the left platoon was assigned the northernnorthern-
partnorth-
ernnorthern-
partnorth-
ernnorthern-
partnorth-
ernpart of the wood'swoods' western edge from the roadway ,
exclusiveexolusive , coveringoovering the ravine leading ffomftomfoamtom the northnorth-north-
west.
north-
west
north-
west.
north-
west
north-
west.
north-
west
¬-west.west. The sectorseotor coveredoovered bjrbrb the right platoon was laterlater-enlarged
alte-rnated
later-enlarged
alte-rnated
later-enlarged
alte-rnatedenlarged somewhat when the.lieutenantthelieutenantthe ., lieutenant withdrew from thethe-
frontthe-
reonthe-
frontthe-
reonthe-
frontthe-
reonfront line one section of the centeroenterenter platoon foefonfondfoe-
counterattackfon-
oounterattaok
fon-
counterattackcounterattackoounterattaok purposes.purposespurposes.-
17
purposes-
17
purposes-
.1
purpose-
s1
.
, -
r;;
t: -17-17-1-1-17-i
17-1
1-
r
1-
VE
?-.
1'
.
.
,,
I
. . . . . . , . .. __ . _, _.. . .. , _. .. ... . . ,..., . ' . ' . ' Nw' 'A'A'A't-
.
A-
t
w ' ** .YsaYsaNyssa...,.$..$ '" " . ' .YY.' .. .tlstiwrtlstiwrlustier. , "'- ..'.r.wrw-. .... . "' *- mW' $ '. '
iVE.cIcI.a $r*.<,;. '. . . '. *...*...iMfeMiMfeMIMF. ** wf411.411A.iAi< . .*..M'-M'MM'.w.<.'-... *M > 4M._ +..N.N,. j'j'. +.tttlit...., ** : .* ,.*.*;fWtWt*_ _+.w.w*. . .'-, ' r,4MF.RMMr4MF.RMMr4MFRMM,*"*"" '*#"! " ' S<'' '.IMIM'. .a .MM.rMMMrMMrmii'miimidi.-' :- v1'If1If\'*''' w.w*- t..wwSdIVwwSdIV*** 'iu./irrlr'iu.iuirrlrgirl.' *,oM"oM*"/" Y*. Y*. prya.ry4w'prya.ry4wpryary4w" ' .NN-M-+ .$ f'.rnHrfrnHrFrench' - "' : . : :
.. y ....
. .
. . :..-.
, -, . ...
.
<,
. /.' .
'.'
.
.
. .', '..
' ?\. . . . " 'rflrflfl'
'of.of'' ... Sot'Sot\t.t... . ', .JJ!. <
, I1
.
,
.. '" ">
,"' *:'',
.
.'
'/".' .
" 7fo.1.7fo1.7fo1.;.. ....-:.
)..
.1.1.1,
'
T55'iT55i. , . '"*;'' .
, "...
"
-.".
,
Use o fepturedpturedfeaturedpurred WeaponsWeapons-
The
Weapo-
nse
Weapo-
nsThee marching fire , during the assault , had-
been
had-
eanhadhad-
been
had-
eanhad-
been
had-
eanbeen of great moral benefit ; that was indisputable.indisputableindisputable.H-
oweverindispu-
tableindisputable.H-
oweverindispu-
tableindisputable.H-
oweverindispu-
table.
However , it had seriously depleted the supply of availavail-avail-
ableavail-
ableavail-
able
¬-able small arms ammunition.ammunition. A counterattack waswa.s. expectedexpected-
momentarily.
expected-
momentarily.
expected-
momentarily.momentarily.momentarily.
Over sixty German riflesri flesflees hadha.d. been taken.takentaken.-
Ample
tak-en
taken.-
Ample
tak-en
taken.-
Ample
tak-en
.
Ample supply of ammunition for these rifles was availableavailable-
inavailab-
le.
in the ammunition dump of the 8th Company , located withwith-with-
out
with-
out
with-
out
¬-out difficulty by meansmea.ns. of the direction signs systemsystem-syste-matically
syste-matically
syste-matically
¬-aticallylaically nailed to the trees by conscientious Germans.GermansGerlwms.GerlwmsEarldomsGermans-
.Furthermore
Gerlwm-
s.Furthermore
Germans-
.Furthermore
.
Furthermore , the three machine guns which intelligenceintelligence-reports
intellig-ence
intelligence-reports
intellig-ence
intelligence-reports
intellig-encereports had stated to be in the woods , had been captured.capturedcaptured.-
To
capture-
d.
To each platoon was issued twenty German rifles , to thethe-
righthe-
ightthe-
righthe-
ightthe-
righthe-
ightright platoon two German machine guns , and to the left ,
one capturedoaptured gun.gun. Noncommissioned officers , withwith-
experienceinte-
mperancewith-
experienceinte-
mperancewith-
experienceinte-
mperanceexperience in the handling of German machine guns , werewere-
placedwor-
kplace
were-
plaoed
war-
planewere-
plaoed
war-
planeplacedplaoed in charge of the weapons.weapons. Other noncommissionednoncommissione-
dofficersnoncommis-
sionednoncorrnoncomnoncommissione-
dofficersnoncommis-
sionedissionedfissionissioned-
officersofficers gave hasty courses in rifle marksmanship withwith-
German
wi-ther
with-
German
wi-ther
with-
German
wi-therGerman rifles to the , squads.squadssquadsquads.-
The
squa-ds
squad-
The
squ-ad
.
The company commander , on a reconnaissance ofof-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
tenthe front lines , approved of the plans for consolidation ,
and informed hiehishide commissioned assistant that , for propro-pro-
tectionpro-
tectionpro-
tection¬-
tectionsection of the company'scompanysoompany'soompanyscompany' left rear , he would move oneon-
esection
con-
densation
one-
Map
ne-
ap
on-
esection
con-
densationsection of his support platoon into position alonga.long. thethe-
unimproved
the-
unimproved
the-
unimprovedunimproved road along the western edge of the woods.woodswood-
s.Reinforcements
wood-
s.Reinforcements
wood-
s.Reinforcements
.
Reinforcements for the ConsolidationOonsolidationConsolidation-
Map
Oonsolidatio-
nAt
Consolidati-onMap No.NoNo.3No3. 3 At duskduekdue a machine gun section arrived at thethe-
Bois
the-
ories
the-
Bois
the-
ories
the-
Bois
the-
oriesBois de la1a Cote 193.193192.192. Its two guns wereere placed inin-
positionim-
positionin-
pos1tionin-
positionim-
positionpositionpos1tion near the northern edge ofot the woods.woods. By nightnight-night-
fallnight-
fallnight-
fall¬-
fall a detachment of engineers had arrived , and , underunder-
the
uneart-
hed
under-
the
uneart-
hed
under-
the
uneart-
hedt the protectionproteotion ofof'ofof'aofasofa' a patrol of riflemen from Company MM-
18
M-
18
,'"
I'I? '
I'I'III'II'-I
I-
I
'
1I:
-M-M-18-18-M-
nntti
M-
antic
18.lI-
W
18lI-
W
-L
.
",.. .._..... .. AM"-AM"AMAM"r_". .-... .. _ ____..._,__, r' .lIWlIWwYlow. nnttianti* *.._+Mr1..rMr1.rMr1r<' t..,. . .. V.1..1jIt'1.1jIt11jItjnr..m.wjnrmwnorm...>
..WM. .'*.*'.. Aww..wAwww< II >MMIMI... +' _i ._v-vvWMLwm-.___ WMLML.,. _ . ,<, MMrw4BA_....*.... : . '43u9.::;;; ...._) m ..>. . . _M _M.VMV_. o < ' -. <./...*.. _n_..... ... ..>. . _..*_. ,.'... . ...*_ ir-mttirmttmatt"*"".,*v-._,.._..*..*.\... fr,.._*rt.wrtwtrw\ *.** wfr.wfrwafer...,>.. *,. . .*.arar.. .. *., Hitifi.ifiiiMA.II.IMAIII..' itMIUJl\itMIUJlNrSrtrXpitifulInserteritMI-
UJljy
impio-
usly
. ,:'* \ .,. "
. . . . . , I IJ ! . . . . " . . . , .
, . ..
' t.t .,
..
'.
:. .
.
';;
4 ; . ; 1.1. . , .
' ..
.
.., "-jyjy-::;; r ; 2l} g'L.TarrTarry,i.i.,
1
:: .
were erecting barbed wire entanglements 100 meters toto-
the
t-ote
to-
the
t-ote
.the front of the new positionsy/OnpositionsyOnPositions/OnPositions/.//" the company'scompanyscOLlpany'scOLlpanyscompany; ' left-
flankle-ftleftleft-
flankle-ftleft-
flankle-ftflank , a strong combat group from the battalion'sbattalions' sup-supsup-
portsup-
portsup-
port-
'. port unit patrolled the fields.fields. Lacking only teallballtallteall-
ammunition
balla-
mmunition
balla-
mmunitionammunition for their Springfield rifles and tromblons'tromblonstrombonestromblons-
'for
tromblons-
fortrombon-
es'
for the rifle grenadiersgrenRdiergrenadiers , Company Li'sLisM'sMsLisa1:: ' s platoonspla.toons. by 200200A-
M
2200A-
M
;: 0000-
AMAM , were awaitingawaiKawai ting withwi th comparativeco iparatiimpart ve composure thethe-
expectedsh-
eepcotethe-
expectedsh-
eepcotethe-
expectedsh-
eepcoteexpected counterattack.counterattackcounterattack.-The
counteratta-ck
.
The CounterattackCounterattack-
The
Counteratta-ckThe counterattackcounteratta.ck. - a mismanaged affairaffa.ir. forfor-
which
No-
rwich
for-
which
No-
rwich
for-
which
No-
rwichwhich countermanding orders wererererare issued at too latela.te. anan-
hour
an-
chor
an-
hour
an-
chor
an-
hour
an-
chorhour - camecachecaacasa e at 3:153153 :1515: AIvIWaiving , in the dim liphtlight; of the corningYlorningmorningLongingYlorning-
of
morning-
ofLongi-
ngmorni-
ng
!
(13)13i3)i3( ) 201st20lst Ger.GerGearGer-.Inf.
Er-in
Ger-.Inf.
Er-in
. of July 2.2. (13)13( ) The counterattacking troops werewere-Inf.
wher-ein
wer-
erepulsed
war-
ehousedwer-
erepulsed
war-
ehousedInf.InfInfoInf.-Vol.
. Div.DivDiv.-Vol.
Div.-Vol.
.Vol.VolViol. 3 , repulsed and well nigh annihilatedannihila.ted. by AmericanAnerican, ; artilleryartilleryD-
oc.artillerya-
.nd
artillerya-
ndartille-
ryartillerym-
anDoc.Doc. 50 ,July 4 anda.nd. machine gunUD fire.fire. None of the counterattackingtera.ttackingterattackingtraffickingcrouncroon tera.ttacking-
elements
.
.& yy-
402d (402d402 GerrGer.GerGerryGearGerGearGer-.Inf.
Er-in
. elements of the 402d Infantry , which hadbad launched itsitsI-nf.
fiss-ion
its-
atta.ck
its-
attackbit-
stockInf.InfInfo. Regt.RegtRetRegt.-Vol.
Ret-ool
Regt.-Vol.
Ret-ool
Regt.-Vol.
Ret-ool
.
Vol.VolViol. 3 , attackatta.ck. from the Bois des RochetsCrochets to the northeast ofof-Doc.
of-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
tenDoc.Doc. 53 ,July 2 the line now held by the Americans , came within effectiveeffective-
rangeeffect-
iveeffective-r effectiv-e effective-
rangeeffect-
ive' " '\r1"\1"11-
"range1-
rangerange of the Bois de la Cote 192.192. No further reaction ,
other than sporadic and ineffective artillery fire ,
was felt by Company M'sMs' garrisongarrison.garrison.ingarrisoning. in the Bois de la Cote
, 192 prior to the relief of the unit on the afternoonafternoon-
of
afternoo-nof July 3.3.
CasualtiesCasualtiesC-
ompanyCasua-
ltiesCasualCasualtiesC-
ompanyCasua-
ltiestiestiesC-
ompanyines-
capably/CompanyCompany/ Company M'sMsMiSMiss' casualties during the attack ,
exclusive of those suffered in the ravine just priorprior-
topri-
orto the assault , were but three soldiers slightlyslightlyw-
oundedslig-
htlyslightlyw-
oundedslig-
htlyslightlyw-
oundedslig-
htlywounded - a noncommissioned officer of the rightright-
assaultrig-
htsright-
assaultrig-
htsright-
assaultrig-
htsassault platoon , and two privates of the supportsupport-
platoon.
sup-port
support-
platoon.
sup-port
support-
platoon.
sup-portplatoon.platoonplatoon.-
i
platoo-n
.
i Prisoners of the 8th CompanyOompany stated that ofof-
their
o-
therof-
their
o-
ther%-,
i their combatantoombatant personnel not more than a dozen hadhadi-1
had-
18
had-
19
iti1
):
f., -19-19-18-18-19-
'HvM
19-
HvM
18-
.4.
19M-
1rl1.n
19M-
1rl1n
-. ,
.
. ."
,..
- - - - . . _ _ _, . _ _ ....ll. , ... . . .
1
, , " . ''...,.... .....
,>K.K
.._"
_ . _ _. ,
.."..: ,
. ...'
..
, ...... !!II'
. . . -.....'-- --- -- ---- --- --- - - ----- - -- -
.-.... M1rl1.nM1rl1n_. .,. .... 'FF..' , ... . ........ .... *..*. 'HvMHvMHMO'...4.4.4. *...*..*_* 100.100ff.. -> ._- *"" - __ w11/.Vw11.Vw11.V_/' . '..,.ftjtftM.....-% M.M.f.' ,'_W.W'. fcifociS*< MMI ..n.1, JMMMMJ.J4 1MY'1MY..... .' "'_ i.i_.,'. . * ;* ..".
.* <_*_*_<
_"' <_< > "F4PF4P.".1"4.C..1C'/W'.4'-.rrr\m.1f'torrrm.1ftorrrm.1f'tom1fto.1"4.C..1C'W'.4'.J."'!; * _ *,. J4...*.SV\'_( ***. W'W'i_* .LAILAIAI. +'mr/ ' tA..> to.*',, r' .<.ir_. .. *..f,. .JMM-MM >, 4.*..*
_PP ' Mn*MNiOmni, ft,., umniomni Mr . -," .4PIrl4PIrl,. . ., n.nIM.... r..MM.rMMMM_.n.n_.. n . itrAKt/N.f4'KfN.f4KfN.f4'KfNf4KfYrN.f4'KfYrNf4KfcitrateYr>.*. f. <../itrA-
Kti3)
itrA-
Kti3
,.,. .' *...J.J>. . " ' .M,. .,
X: ,: i\i\ii::i ;i ,
,
,. < ;
. .
:, - . . . . . . . I .
;
escaped being killed , wounded , or madelnadelade prisoners.prisoners. In-
the
In-
tecInIn-
the
In-
tec
In-
the
In-
tecthe attack and counterattack , the 402d Infantry lostlost-
thirtybloo-
dthirsty
lost-
thirtybloo-
dthirsty
lost-
thirtybloo-
dthirstythirty per cent of its combatant strength.strength. In fact ,
so badly'oadlyoadlyoddly' had the regiment been treatedtrea.ted. that on July 3 ,
by regimental order , the 1st and 3d2d BattalionsPattalions, werewer-
econsolidated
were-
consolida.ted
wer-
econsolidatedconsolidatedconsolida.ted. intoin to two companies , each withwi th but twotw-
oofficers
to-
ffeestw-
oofficers
to-
ffeestw-
oofficers
to-
ffees ...,...
(14)14( ) 402d Ger.GerGearGer-.Inf.
Er-inGer-
.Inf.Er-inGer-
.Inf.Er-in
. officers and approximatelyapproxima.tely. 130 other ranks.ranks. Q&rQrQ&rL-
ESSONS
QrLE-
SSONS
( &Inf.InfInfo. Regt.RegtRetRegt.-Vol.
Ret-ool
Regt.-Vol.
Ret-ool
Regt-Vol.
Ret-ool
. iiL-
EN-
ileVol.VolViol. 3 , LESSONSLESSONS-
The
Lesso-ns
LE SSONSON SS-
The
T-
heDoc.Doc. 53 ,ItOMB'-Jfcfr'jflItOMB'ItOMBJfcfr'jflJfcfrjflTOMBItOMB'Jfcfr'jfl-gHrtrItOMBJfcfrjfl-gHrtrItem ! '-is-SOisSOisSOf-td.
discomf-ited
-' The foregoing narrative deals with a minormino-
rattack
Min-orca
mino-
ratta.ck
Min-orca
mino-
rattack
Min-orcagHrtrgrater!ftd.ftdtd. rwrtySTwartyrwrtyS-
TRepwHrumuumumu-
RLump-
urRepwHrRephraseRepwHri-
Uj
R . ' attackatta.ck. of a smallsma,11sma11, unit with limited objective.objective. NeverNever-Neve-
rtheless
Neve-
rtheless
Neve-
rtheless
¬-(/
)."; '" , ,
" thelessTelesis , there maym y be drawn from the story some lessonslessons-
whichless-
onslessons-
whichless-
onslessons-
whichless-
ons*iUjICU' '
, ; :/. which , it is believed , are a little out of the ordinaryordinary.ordinary.-
on
ordinar-
y
ordinary.-
Summarizedordi-nary
,.
Summarized these arajajhah-hh-h-
IjX
h-iIjXIX1 uganizationsrganizationsanimationsorganizations on "thethe" defensive must notnot-
base
not-
ecase
not-
base
not-
ecase
not-
base
not-
ecasebase their estimate of probable future enemy operationsoperations-
on
operatio-nson , to use racer ac e tracktr ackJack vernacularvernaculax , "pastpastII" pas t performances.performancesper for mancemace s . "
Prior American attacks on the Bois de la Cote 192 hadhad-
come
hand-
some
had-
come
hand-
some
had-
come
hand-
somecome from the Bois deedes Clerembaute.ClerembauteClerembauts.ClerembautsCerebrateCerebrates. The machine gunsguns-
of
gu-ns
guns-
of
gu-ns
guns-
of
gu-nsof the 8th Company , on July 1 , 1918 , were so emplacedemplacesemplaced-
as
emplac-esas to coverooverover the approaches to the company'scompanysoompany'soompanyscompany' positionspositionsf-
rompositi-
onsfrom the west.west. The American attack cameoamefoamed from the southsouth-
with
out-wit
south-
with
out-wit
south-
with
out-witwith the result that the machinemaohine guns were practicallypracticallyi-mpotent.
practi-cally
practicallyi-mpotent.
practi-cally
practicallyi-mpotent.
practi-callyimpotent.impotent. They were in the hands of the attackingattacking-
forcesattack-
ingattacking-
forcesattack-
ingattacking-
forcesattack-
ingforces before they could be placed in position forfor-
effectivefo-
refeetfor-
effectivefo-
refeetfor-
effectivefo-
refeeteffective fire.fire. Apparently no alternative positionspositions-
had
positio-nshad been selected for these very important auxiliaryauxiliaryw-
eapons.auxil-
iaryauxiliaryw-
eapons.auxil-
iaryauxiliaryw-
eapons.auxil-
iaryweapons.weapons. The carelessnessoarelessness of subordinate commandersoommanderscommanders-
in
oommanders-
in
commandeeri-
ngin this respectrespeot may have been occasionedoooasioned by intelliintel1'i-intel1'iintel1iintelli-Intelintellig-
ence
intel1'i-
genoe
intel1ig-
enoe
intellig-
ence
'
¬-gencegenoegenegenome reports to the effecteffeot that the AmericansAmerioans werewer-
einferior
her-
einafter
wer-
einferior
her-
einafter
wer-
einferior
her-
einafterinferior in attackattaok tacticstaotiosstations , that their attacks were notnot-
coordinated.
no-
torietiesnot-
ooordinated.
not-
coordinated.
no-
torietiescoordinated.coordinatedooordinated.ooordinated. Granting this suppositionsuppo8itio toW be true , thethe-
301st
the-
201st
the-
201st301st201st OermanGermanBerman Infantry Division erred and erred gravely.gravelygravely.-
30
gravely-
30
gravely.-
20
gravely-
20
.
h ;
.-30-30-20-20-30-
(14)
3-
014
- "
. _ _ . . _ :. .:. :' '' ':... .MM. - ''' '
. . ' . .
No attack of the lorldworldQorldlord', War was better coordinated thanthan-
thattha-
tchthan-
thattha-
tchthan-
thattha-
tchthat of JulyJulJuly y>l.l1.1. ---_- .
2.2. Untrained replacements are a greatergreater-
handicapgre-
atergreater-
handicapgre-
atergreater-
handicapgre-
aterhandicap, than no replacements.replacements. By an unkind trick ofof-
fateof-
fsite
of-
fateof-
fsite
of-
fateof-
fsitefate the majority of those soldiers killed and woundedwounded-
inwound-
edin the Bourbetin-MonneauxBourbetinMonneauxDoublethinkOnega- ravine prior to the assaultassault-were
assau-lterl were from the group of replacements received on June 28.2828'28-
.They
28-
They
28-
.They
28-
They
'
.
They had been killed in actionaction"," notbeforeIlQtbefore.interfereIlQt-IlQtnQtGiltQt_ _- before.beforebefore.hvingbefore.havingbefore. havingh-vinghvingvying?-.fired.ti..edtiedfired-
a
fred-a
.ti..ed-
a. .!.
a shot at the enemy positions , but before evene n knowingknowing-
how
knowi-nghow to use the'the' weapon withwi th which theyth.ey. were araed.araedar1ed.ar1edarLed.arLedarrayedmarled; : . TheirTheir-
assignment
Their-
assignment-. - - - - - ' . .
assignmenta.ssignment. to a division engageden aged on an active frontfront-was
front-
alsfront-
was
front-
alsfront-
was
front-
alswas a ghastlygha.stly. administrativeadminiadmin stratistratify ve error.error.
3.3. Training of trooptroops? in the manipulation ofof-
enemy
of-
fence
of-
enemy
of-
fence
of-
enemy
of-
fenceenemy weapons is of considerable advantage.advantagea.dva.ntage.. . . The membersmembers-
of
membe-
rsof Company M were not putbutut to the test of actually firingfiring-the
firi-ngthe weapons captured on July 1.1. The moral effect ,
however , on the riflemen of having with them-themthem'themcapturedhematite-' capturedcaptured-
weapons
capt-ured
captured-
weapons
capt-ured
captured-
weapons
capt-uredweapons for which there was an abundance of ammunition ,
was great.great. EspeciallyEspecia.l1yEspecial1y. was this true of the captured1'captured1captured-capturedcaptured'captured1'-
German
captured1-
German
captured-
German
captu-red
captured'q-
ermancapturedq-
ermancaptu-
red; '-
GermanqermanBerman machine guns.gunss.s.
4/jThe4jTheThe44.4,./ The immense value of the detaileddetailedr-
econnaissancedetailedr-
econnaissancedetailedr-
econnaissancereconnaissance , availability of combat intelligenceintelligence-maps
intellige-ncemaps and airplane photographs , and.and. the receiptreoeipt ofof-
intelligenceof-
intelligenceof-
intelligenceintelligence reports on the positions of the enemy , hishis-
distributionmis-
distributions
his-
distributionmis-
distributions
his-
distributionmis-
distributionsdistribution of weaponsweaponeweapon , and hishiehide morale , is so obviousobvious-
asobvio-
usas to require no discussion./discussion.discussiondiscussion.AtdiScuSSion'diScuSSiondiscus lion .'/ Att no time after 6:00600: PM ,
on July 1 were the assaultassault.;. platoons of CompanyOompany MM-
encompassed
E-
ncompassed
M-
enoompassed
E-
ncompassed
M-
encompassed
E-
ncompassedencompassedenoompassed in the "fogfog" of war.war. " They knew where toto-
go
to-
go
to-
gogo , how to get therethere"," , and what to expect when theythey-
arrived.the-
atricthey-
arrived.the-
atricthey-
arrived.the-
atricarrived.arrived. It isi8 realized , of courseooursebourse , that seldom willw1l1will-
opportunity
w1l-
1opportunity
will-
opportunityopportunity be afforded for the accumulationaocumulation of suchsuohsoughsuch-
detailedsche-
matizedsuch-
detailedsche-
matizedsuo-
hdetailed
squ-
aretaildetailed informationinfo mationnation oonoerningconoerningconcerning the enemy.enemy.
, ..
. - -- ' - ----- -- - . - - - _ '_ _ _ 0 _ ..21-.21*.31-3131-
l
31-
No
.21-
No
21-
No
-!"-
."5.5. Post-attackPostattack- inspection of the airplaneairplane-
photographsairp-
laneairplane-
photographsairp-
laneairplane-
r
airplan-
e
airplane-
photographsairp-
lanephotographs indicated quite clearly the probableprobable-
presenceprob-
ableprobable-
presenceprob-
ableprobable-
presenceprob-
ablepresence of enemy shelters , dumps , or other installainstalla-installinstalla-tions
installa-tions
installa-tions
¬-tionsions at the end of these indistinct pathways discloseddisclosed-by
disclos-edby the photographs.photographs . So farfax as known , however , no membermemoermemoirmembe-
rof
memoe-
rof
memb-er
memo-
irof the assault platoons had received instruction 'inin'in-
the
in-
the
in-
ter'in-
the
in-
the
in-
ter'in-
the
in-
terthe interpretation of aerial pictures.pictures. Fortunately , ,
on July 1 , thisthithinthithin s w is.ss.. a matter of little consequenceconsequenconsequentconsequence-
SyXrhe
consequ-ences
consequen-
The
consequ-ent
consequentconsequent-
greatly
conseq-
uent
SyXrhePsyche6 The penetration of the Bois de lala.. Cote
192 and the rounding up of prisoners was acceleratedaccelerated-greatly
acceler-ated
accelerated-greatly
acceler-ated
accelerated-
on
accelerate-
d
greatly - if actual casualties were not avoided inin-
"cat
in-
cati-
ncainI-
I
iI-
I
in-
"cat
in-
cati-
nca"catcatII" and dog"dog" fightsfighfight ts - by the presencepre senceSpence of soldierssoldiers whowho-
spoke
w-hoso
who-
spoke
w-hoso
who-
spoke
w-hosospoke the German language.language. At this very ti.netinetime. , however ,
in the United States there were being waged fronticfranticfronticc-
ampaignsfr8franticc-
ampaignsfra-
ntictictic-
campaigns
inc-
antationscampaigns for the elimination of instruction in GrermanGermanReranGrerma-
nin
German-
in
Remandi-
ng
Germa-
nicin the schools and colleges.colleges. Instruction in the use ofof-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
tenthe enemy'senemysenemy' language should be encouraged in time ofof-
war
sof-
tware
of-
war
sof-
tware
of-
war
sof-
twarewar , if not in institutionsstitutionssituationsi of learning , certainly inin-
the
in-
terin-
the
in-
terin-
the
in-
terthe military service./service.serviceservice-
.7.Wellservic-
e7Wells rVlcravelrVlc-
7.J'WellrVl-
c7JWellrvice.rvicevice. //7./Well7.Well7.Well7.J'Well7.JWell7JWell7.7./'well marked routes to command posts ,
munitions dumps , and other installations are of unun-
questionedun-unun-
questioned
un-
questioned
¬-
questioned value in maintaining effective communication.communicationcommunication-
.Directioncommuni-
cationcommunication-
.Directioncommuni-
cationcommunication-
.Directioncommuni-
cation.
Direction markers , however , have Frankenstein charactercharacter-characte-ristics
character-
1stlcscharacte-
ristics¬-
istics1stlcssticks when a defensive position is attacked by thethe-
enemy.
He-
nleythe-
enemy.
He-
nleythe-
enemy.
He-
nleyenemy.enemy. It is suggested that code directions mightmigh-
tbettermig-
htiestmigh-
tbettermig-
htiestmigh-
tbettermig-
htiestbetter serve a combat unit which had reason to expectexpec-
tattack
expe-ctant
expec-
tattack
expe-ctant
expec-
tattack
expe-ctantattack or counterattack./counterattack.counterattackcounterattack.-
8.
counterattack-8
counterattack.-S.
counterattack-scounterattack./counterattack.counterattackcounterattack.counterattack.// .
8.8S.S. MarchingMarohing firefsfire'sfiresfiefsfire ' .ss,. effect is mostly on thethe-
sideth-
esisthe-
sideth-
esisthe-
sideth-
esisside of morale , where it is great.great. It disturbs thethe-
"shootee.
the-
shooteethr-
eesomethe-
"shootee.
the-
shooteethr-
eesomethe-
"shootee.
the-
shooteethr-
eesome"shootee.shooteeshooter" . " The "shooter/"shootershooter"shooterpermittedshooterpermittedshooter"shootershooter" /, " permitted to returnIeturn: the firefire-
ffire-
o
fie-f
fir-e
fire-
ot
firep-
ot\ :
f ofoto his opponents , ineffectuallyineffeotually it is1s true , gainsgains-i
gain-s
gains-
confidence
gains-
oonfidenoe
gains-
confidencei
"
\ confidenceoonfidenoe ; he is giving something for what he is calledoalledcoaledcalled-
33
oalled-
22
called-
22
ir
.
-33-33-22-22- 22-
L
-II'-
M"
I-
M
_ - _ _ . . - __ _____ _ . _ ._ L _ _ _ __ __ . - -- - . - ._ .. , ... . . ,, ,, - , . .__. ..,.. . . . ,. .___ __ . .. ..... _ ... . ...rr. .. .. . " .- -,. . ,. . , ., .--...-- . ... , ' . ... _ ._.-.
" -- ".
. .
.
. .
.. . . - . -
, .
. . .
'M"M' "
. . . ... .
-. . ,
" " ' -'---. "
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . " . . . , " . '. " . . . ' . . . , . . . . , .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . , ' . ;. .
' '' '
.
. . ;. .': -
' ,'Vvr--VvrVrVvr-vJL
:
. *. * - -;
') : .
'r-'rr' - ' : ;.; '"'11./11.11.ii.11ii./ !ii.ii.vJLJCL.:"
'iI:1iI1'iI:1t.tiI1tt'*: ; -t.tt.t-:&rS"rS&::...{"<r"r" II.II"
. . .
upon to take.take. The disadvantage of this type of firefire-
isfir-
esfire-
isfir-
esfire-
isfir-
esis , of course , an overly rapid expenditureexpendiexpend tureturret of ammuamlTIU-amlTIUammu-ammomultiamm-
unition
amlTI-
Uni
multiu-
nit
amm-
unition
¬-
nitionnotionni tionion - a very grave handicap in the attack.attackattack''. AssaultAssaulAssaul-tfire
Assa-ult
Assaul-tfire
Assa-ult
tt-fire
f-
irefire - which has replaced the oartiallypartia.llypartially. aimeda11ed{! , semi-semisem-
irapid
sem-
iaridsem-
irapid
sem-
iaridsem-
irapid
sem-
iarid-
rapid marching fire - demands aimed shots at slow raterate-
ofrat-
erate-
'ofrate-
ofra-
terate-
ofrat-
eof'of' fire.fire. AssaultAssa.ult. fire partially solves the problemsproblem-
sinherentprob-
lemsproblem-
sinherentprob-
lemsproblem-
sinherentprob-
lemsinherent in any methodlnethodLethe of rifle or automatic riflerifle-fire
rifle-bird
rifle-fire
rifle-bird
rifle-fire
rifle-birdfire employed just before the enemy'senemysenemy' lines are reachgdreachedreachgd-
S.
reac-h
reachreach.reachreach.9-.eservation
reach9-eservation
.
S.S9.99.eservation9eservation., reeervationeservation of alignment in woods is oatoutoat-
ofo-
atout-
of
out-
do
out-
of
out-
doof the question.question. Having seenBeen someSOineSine prior combat serviceservice-
in
servici-ngin woods , the assault wave commandercOn1com lB.IlderlBIldersanderbuilder. was seriously atat-
faultca-
tapult
at-
faultca-
tapult
at-
faultca-
tapultfault in failing to make any provision for change ofof-
formation
af-
firmationof-
formation
af-
firmationof-
formation
af-
firmationformation upon the entry of his units into the Bois dede-
laDe-
lla
de-
laDe-
lla
de-
laDe-
llala Cote 192.192. Fortunately for hiuhinhichin: , on this occasionoccasion-
theoccasi-
onoccasionoccasion-
the
occasi-onthe oppositionoppoBitionoppoBltopology tionion waswa.s. demoralized , combatcOLnbatColbert intelligence andand-
reconnaissance
and-
reconnaissance
and-w
an-d
and-
reconnaissancew
reconnaissance had been such that scattered units oouldcouldGouldoould-
hardlyfoolh-
ardilycould-
I
coul-
d
could-
hardlyoutw-
ardlyuldaulduld-
hardly
vu-
lgarlyhardly fail to attain the final objective line.lineline.-
33
line-
33
l1n.J-
.
l1n-
J
line.-
i
line.a-
.
lin-
e
. /l1n/l1n/
.J.J&. .I
-33-33-23-23-23-
upon
-\
,
. . '
. .. ,
I
. . . .. .. . . . . . ,. ._,._. ,....,.. ........ ._.... rrvrv"..-. .. f gmni'gmniomni..... .' w_ fit"fit*" . *;r,. ____
._
.
* '. . . . .. ... ... ., . .. . .. . . . -- # ' A'.M''rAAMrAAMA< .' ' * Ir fv.fv*< *w .IFlrIFlrBifilar irh .', - - - '
. . ":""a.a. wst.NtwstNtstint.,_ ..;{ w glyr.'AVglyrAVgyre_.,.;.. ....,.' 41 +wrr.wrrrr..;.. .: . ...---i.-i.-...- ;;-,.;;; .-. ' .ww-''.':- w e.-w.rwr-+ wbw-ww rN.frNf-rN r.wrw- - .
.. . :
.
:.
..
.. .
.. , . . .
. ; . ..:
.. ..IioJIioJIi.,:/; :; :
..,,;. . : :
.
: ' ..
.
I
.
-.. :;. . \ : 5&fife5fife& It :" j ;
v"' >. ; :..m-OjT.mOjTOTC.
(.mOj-
Tupon
mo-
tion
;.- ;ll-
23
;:: '
"
Jelleo.uJelleouJelled"....
.
. . '{
' ",
. Jr-\rr"\r"r-
MAP
r-
ap
r"-
J
r-J
r-
"Lucy
r-
Lucy
L-
ucy
"-\
LucyLucy-Ie
Luci-enIeIe-
BocageR-
ibcageBocageBoscage
,...
, x.x... ...onneaOnega . ...... ...- - - - - - - - -
.
MAP No.No. 11-
SECTOR
1-
pECTOR
1-
SECTORSECTORpECTORpectoral OF SECOND DIVISIONDIVISIONN-ORTHWEST
DIVI-SIONDIVISIONN-
ORTHWESTDIVI-SIONDIVISIONN-
ORTHWESTDIVI-SIONNORTHWEST OF CHATEAU THIERRYTHEORYTHIERRYli-
t
Hairstylis-
t
- American Lines on June 5 , 19181918-American
1918-American
1918-American- American Lines on July 1 , 1919 a.m.ama.m-.American
a.m-.American
am., .,lit ------- American Lines on July 2 , 1918 a.m.ama.ma.m-
.Adjoininga ., m .,
- - - - . .. - - - - - - - Adjoining French lineslines-
N
lineN-
sN 1000 MetersMeters-
Cii
Mete-
rs _
CiiIi,,oi CA/9'iiCA9'ii9iiayqay/ sT'
... . . .. . . . . .. ... ..___. 'J"J' " '" ''''. . .. ... . ., .;.... . ... .. . . "" - -- -- "
. . ,,. . , ., , *- - >; " * ' "" <.+ < ".. . . * *"' *,
-" . .....-.. . . . ", -", - "" , . _ ' ' " .. .* *. -*-> - * -* *-*- "
rnnC1\rnnC1rnnC1-s
rpnn-PrpnnPPenn- \) '?;JJ-
In
J-
im
< 's 'dedeloIn . . - (l1 : .::.. . 1-Roche1RocheBroche10- Po c heScLJSC( c..JcJc..JJ_'i'i'..,..
<'-JJ- 'I.I' OO-
C
"-'.Z.Z. .
C.CC.-
V
C.-
c
( .C.vv. -
V
' ...
o c0 o(J.
... " . ..
**** - *** *
<* .
,.. .
.:: = :: :: -:-::
:. :; : ;; : , ,:: : ;.
;:: : :. : ;: :. : ::
'II'I-III-
II' .IIII-II
,IIII-
IIIIII-IIIIII-
IIIIII-IIIIII-
IIIIII-
IIIIII-
IIIIII-
'II-
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