RFID Technology Overview

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All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) Akira Shibata 2008-03-30

RFID Technology Overview

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RFID Applications in Japan

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Ikebukuro, Tokyo (Aug. 10, 2003)

Former Prime Minister Visits Kaiten-Sushi

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Koizumi Cabinet Mail Magazine No.110 ================================== Sep. 18, 2003

Koizumi Cabinet Mail Magazine

Prime Minister Visits Kaiten-Sushi

●Regulatory reform is currently in progress. I’m Junichiro Koizumi. This week, I’d like to talk about the regulatory reform. As some of you may know, I visited one of the Kaiten-sushi restaurants in Tokyo last month to see how the latest IT technology is introduced in the existing systems. In the restaurant, various kinds of sushi foods are placed on the plates rotating around the table counter. These plates are differently priced by the type of sushi. The technology used here is an RF tag, a 1mm square small semiconductor chip with an antenna embedded in each plate. The payment accounting is smoothly handled by reading the prices written in the tags. In this RF tag system, the data on different tags embedded in plates of different prices is easily collected with a specially designed device that is a size of cell phone and this is possible even for the plates that are piled up on top of the other. You are given the target information, such as how many plates you have consumed and the payment amount, just by moving the device closer to the plates.

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Auto Warehousing System (1)

DENSO Daian Plant

RFID Shipping System

Unmanned carrier Burden of each line is

judged and allocated to AGV in real time.

Auto warehouse All items including irregular boxes are collected in the

same warehouse. Empty box auto

warehouse 13 types of 60 different

empty boxes are accepted and passed to the lines.

ID multi antenna

Entry conveyer

Vertical carrier

Odd parts cutter

Shipping conveyer Computer room

Emergency in/out conveyer

Mobile sorter

Empty box in/out conveyer

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Read the the entry data (125ｋHz)

Tag

Write the product data (125ｋHz)


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An RF tag is put in each box during the item sorting process.

Distribution Center (1)

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The reader/writer unit captures the tag information before the item is passed to the next process.

Reader/writer

Distribution Center (2)

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RF tags attached on the books are used to control library works and inventory.

A seal-type RF tag is attached on each book. The data on the book is stored in a chip embedded in the tag, while the record of lending is stored in the PC.

Lending process is enhanced compared with a bar code-based management system due to the elimination of manual data reading.

Library Management (1)

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Inventory control is significantly improved with a specially designed reader/writer. Checkout gate

Automatic book rending machine has been attracting many users for the following reasons. ・Privacy is protected (selection of books is unknown to others). ・Quick service is available due to its easy-to-use operation.

(Use rate of this rending machine is 41% on average, with 57% among elemental school and 59% among junior high school students.)

Library Management (2)

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RFID Pilot Test in Japan Ⅰ

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RF Tag Pilot Test in JapanⅠ - 2004 - (1) Industry Test outline

Construction machinery, industry vehicle & agricultural machinery

●Verify the efficiency of RFID technology by establishing a supply chain system that covers from parts manufacturing to assembling of construction machine and to dealers.

●Provide a good business model for advanced inventory management with a real-time order placement of parts/components.

Book/publication ●Verify the efficiency of RFID technology by establishing a supply chain system that covers from bookbinding factory to delivery center and to bookstore or library.

●Develop a system that rejects improperly purchased books at a used bookshop.

Electric home appliances &electric/electronics

●Verify the efficiency of RFID technology by establishing a supply chain system that covers from parts manufacturing and assembling of home appliances, warehousing and to retailers.

● Provide a good business model that supports traceability of pollutants and enhanced recycling.

Medical ●Verify the efficiency of RFID technology by establishing a supply chain system that covers from manufacturing plant, warehouse and to hospital.

●Develop a system that effectively promotes traceability of biological medicine complying with the pharmaceutical laws.

Retail & apparel ●Verify the efficiency of RFID technology by establishing a supply chain system that covers from apparel/shoes plant, warehouse and to department store or specialty store.

●Develop a system that helps to boost a sales opportunity and meet the customer needs by improving the inventory control.

Logistics ●Verify the efficiency of RFID technology regarding the security of sea containers and business operations between the ports of Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya, Osaka and Kobe and overseas.

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Industry Test outline

Music/DVD/CD ●Verify the efficiency of RFID technology by establishing a supply chain system that covers from CD/DVD pressing plant, warehouse to sales or rental shop.

●Develop a new marketing approach for a shop, e.g., a viewing/listening system using an RF tag.

Airport ●Conduct a test to see that the luggage on which an RF tag is applied is safely transferred to the intended destination from the home of its owner through the airport service. Empty-handed travel is realized in this way.

Agriculture

●Control the history on the production and distribution of chicken meat and green vegetables (made in juice) that will be processed to frozen food by using an RF tag. With this system in place, consumers can get information they want via the internet.

●Control the history on the production and distribution of fruits and vegetables by using an RF tag. With this system in place, consumers can easily get information they want via the internet.

●Control the history on the production and distribution of fruits and vegetables delivered to the kitchen facility. With this system in place, users can easily get information they want via the internet

RF Tag Pilot Test in JapanⅠ - 2004 - (2)

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RF Tag Applications of Home Appliances Life Cycle Management of Electric Home Appliances

Recycle

Distribution

Maker

Consumer

Logis -tics

Distri- bution

Collect

IC tag

Collect data on use & age Update over-aged products

Parts information Assessment (LCA) Green research

Maker-specific D/B (company)

Basic information

Customer inf. & history

Service information

Request

Manifest

Materials

Unit reuse

Reuse market Variables

Chemicals Disassembly

Information deleted by recycler

Recycle

Reuse company

Materials recycling

Internet

Service company

Service parts

Service

Repair

Sales

User’s manual

Spot control

Dealer

Customer information

Retailer Distributor

Association Inf. center forum

Maker Maker Information center

Leasing company

Qlty.assurance

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・Test the feasibility of RF tag on electric appliances & measure its communication range. Target products: Refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner, TV, vacuum cleaner, digital camera & lighting equipment ・Examine the readability of RF tag in shipping control & its use to improve productivity. Target applications: Incoming/outgoing inspection of on pallet items, reading of small items in package & warehousing/inventory control

Back?

Back of panel?

Nameplate?

Built-in PC board?

R/W

Communication range test Place to install Reading test on moving parts

RF tag’s feasibility on electric home appliances & effective use in logistics

RF Tag Pilot Test in Home Appliances Market

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Material Maker Sewing Factory

‚v ‚d ‚k ‚b ‚n ‚l ‚d

shopDragons

Dragons

Dragons Dragons Dragons

Retails

Consumer

ここここここここここここここここここここここここここここここここここここ

Planning

D/B Plan Info

Apparel Maker

-Plan No -Doc No -Product Code -Material etc,

Brand Tag Issue RF tag Issue

Basic Info -Product Code -GTIN Code -Price -Trade maker No.etc,

Attach RF tag

RF tag Apparel

Delivery

Receive Item check

D/B

storage

Shipment Confirmation

D/B

Receiving Info ＭＤ Info

Receive Item check

by HT

delivery

Distribution Center

D/B Receive/

Shipment Info.

Shipment Info

Plan Info

Reuse RF tag

D/B

RF tag Reuse Info

Supply RF tag

Inter-net

Sale

D/B

Receive Item check

Remove RF tag

Sales Registration

RF Tag Applications of Apparel Products

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Clothes on hanger

RF tag-attached clothes

Reading RF tags with R/W

Information written on tag

・8 antennas installed on both sides (4 on each side) operate at 2 sec per cycle. ・Can read 40 items per cycle. ・4W power

<Reading clothes on hanger>

RF Tag Pilot Test in Apparel Market (1)

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<Reading tags over a box>

Tunnel reader ・10W power ・Sealed

Items packed in box (dozens)

Reader’s front view ・8 antennas (white poles) built in the reader send signals one after another. ・Conveyer at bottom

Reading tags over the box placed inside the reader ・Can read up to 90 tags

RF Tag Pilot Test in Apparel Market (2)

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Record of delivery flow

Distribution center

Pre-production

Record of pesticide Control each item’s unique ID via RFID

How to use pesticide Know how

Use of pesticide

Record on pesticide use Auto checking

Farm

Production

Display information of

production & distribution

Super market

Safety & security

Internet

Provide the basic information of mfg. technology

Pesticide maker Farm Ministry

Information of production technology

Consumer

Distribution Sales

RF Tag Applications of Food Products

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●RF tag is placed on about 80 kinds of items. No. of tags： Approx. 40,0000

●Information on the item, such as its place of production and expiration date, is displayed when the RF tag- applied item is brought to touch the reader terminal.

●We will extend this pilot test to the incoming/outgoing inspection in warehousing.

Example of RF tag placement Data terminal with RF tag reader

RF Tag Pilot Test in Food Market (1)

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Display of RF Tag-attached products

RF Tag-attached product at a store

●Place of production： Vegetable farmers in Kanagawa prefecture (8 farmers) ●Place to sell: Supermarket (3 stores) ●Test size：Approx. 30,000 vegetables (Cabbage & Japanese radish）


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RF tag is attached and read by the producer.


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RF tag is read during the delivery process.


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■ Information on the item: Product name, type, quality, rank and components ■ Information on the place of production: Place of production with its photo and soil quality ■ Production record: Name/time of fertilizer, name/time of pesticide, planting/harvest time and producer’s photo, etc.

Displayed item information Table type RF tag reader


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RFID Pilot Test in Japan Ⅱ

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Test Field Test outline Traceability test using RF tag in electronic/electronics Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA)

●Apply RF tags on the electronics for both commercial and industrial use. ●Realize a total traceability all the way through to manufacturing, maintenance

to recycling across the industry. ●Establish an effective reverse business model that meets the recycling-based

society in cooperation with maintenance and recycling industries.

RF tag test in medical equipment Japan Hospital and Pharmacist Association

●Apply RF tags on the biological medicine contained ampule, vial and soft bags, etc.

●Prevention of incorrect medication in the clinic or hospital and evaluate potential effects on the medical equipment.

●Study the future use of RFID technology suitable for the entire medical industry including Japan Hospital and Pharmacist Association, Japan Pharmaceutical Wholesalers Association and The Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacture’s Association of JAPAN.

RF tag pilot test for replenishing works in the international peace cooperation works by Self-Defense Force (SDF) Defense Procurement Structure Improvement Foundation

●Study the RF tag applications for SDF’s replenishing works. ●Verify the traceability, real-time inventory control and location control of SDF’s

RF tag-attached supplies for the transit operations between the stations by trucks, ships or airplanes.

●The test was fully supported and cooperated with the Defense Agency and SDF.


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Test Field Test outline Test of self-operated service robot with RF tags at a shopping area tmsuk NTTCommunications

●Apply a tag on the floor, people and goods. ●Use a tag for for the recognition of people/items and spatial recognition that

is difficult for robots. ●Create an all time new high performance robot at a lower cost. ●The robot has an ability to guide the store, give information on the goods

and carry the load.

Joint test of RF tag applications for the media contents use (publishing & music software) especially at complex stores

Japan Publishing Organization for Information Infrastructure Development Recording Industry Association of Japan

●Apply a tag on the books, CDs and DVDs. ●Develop a system commonly used by publishing and music/video fields. ●Establish a centralized payment structure through the above common

system for complex stores. ●Provide a new value-added service for customers by connecting the

contents of books, CDs and DVDs.

RF tag test project aiming the creation of new customer services for future stores

Future Store Magazine Forum Future Store Pilot Test Consortium

●Develop an epoch-making future store featuring new customer services not available today.

●Use a smart card equipped with reader/writer to provide the customers with value-added information and in-store navigation service.

Pilot test project of ASEAN returnable containers with RF tags

Japan Auto Parts Industries Association

●Apply a tag on the auto parts and returnable boxes. ●Create a system for the control of production and delivery flow between the

production bases (Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand) beyond national borders.

RF tag test for supply chain between Japan, China and Korea

Japan Business Machine and Information System Industries Association

●Apply a tag on copying machine parts, pallets and containers. ●Create a system for the control of production and delivery flow between the

production bases (Korea and China) beyond national borders.


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Fixed antenna

Problem

Remedy

Working efficiency is suffered due to the increase of reading/writing.

Reading the item one by one as placing them on the work table is a solution for a secured reading. No need to stop the work flow.

TAG

TAG

TAG

TAG

TAG

Moving & reading

Fixed-type Reader/writer

Practical Applications: Electrical & Electronics

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RF tags are piled up on top of another

Good read rate is achieved by putting the small agents into compact-sized plastic cases to prevent them from being stacked each other.

Problem

Remedy

Read rate of overlapping medical agents is deteriorated.

Put the agents in smaller plastic cases so that they cannot be overlapped.

Practical Applications: Medical

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Bar code reader RF tag reader

Problem

Remedy

・Retailers are forced to deal with poor quality RF tags.

・Implement a POS system supporting both RF tags and bar codes.

■ POS system that supports RF tags and bar codes

・ RF tag-applied goods are quickly handled in the accounting process.

・ Even if an error is found in the RF tag, accounting is continued by reading the corresponding bar code used as backup data.

・ The system is very useful during the technological transition from bar coding to RFID.

Practical Applications: Publish & Music/Video

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Problem

Remedy

・Batch reading is not enabled if many returnable boxes are placed on a folk lift. ・Reading may become impossible at a specific speed with a loaded folk lift. ・Read the tag as placing the returnable box on the folk lift at the same time. ・Read the tag when a speed of reading slows down, e.g., on a slop. ・Provide a backup system with QR code on the assumption that RF tags are physically broken.

QR-coded RF tag

Batch reading Tag reading

synchronizing with loading

Tag reading on a slop

Practical Applications: Auto Parts

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Read a tag as rotating the box on film winder

Problem

Remedy

・Improve the readability of RF tags attached on the piled up boxes. ・To deal with the overseas countries where UHF tags are not accepted.

・Read a tag placed on a box as rotating the box on a stretch film winder. ・Combined use of UHF tags and HF tags.

UHF tag HF tag

Combined use of different RF tags

Stretch film winder

Practical Applications: Copy Machine

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Thank you for your attention!

Akira Shibata

RFID Technology Overview

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