RFID in SOlar n
-
Upload
nitinnair15 -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
0
Transcript of RFID in SOlar n
-
8/3/2019 RFID in SOlar n
1/3
RFID (Radio Frequency Identication) is an excellent real-time tracing tool that improves
the management o supply chain by enhancing its productivity, accountability and
inventory management not only in shop foor but also in large scale on/o grid power
plants. Highly reliable industrial RFID provides 100% process traceability even through
harsh environment condition. Thus, the unique capabilities o RFID qualied to be an
integral part o the solar module or its long service & support lie cycle.
CoE RFID Lab, IaITo InFoTECh PVT. LTD.
Future ID o PV Solar Panel: Through RFID
The world is more and more con-
cerned with ossil uel exhaustionand environmental problems caused
by conventional power generation, renew-
able resources are becoming a ocal point
o the environmental movement, both po-
litically and economically. In such circum-
stance the photovoltaic (PV) technology is
going to play a key role. India receives so-
lar energy equivalent to over 5000 trillion
kWh/year, which is ar more than the total
energy consumption o the country.
The National Solar Mission (Nov.
2009) guideline by Govt. o India, thedomestic market or PV manuacturing in-
dustry has shown an exponential growth
projection. Even Govt. is trying to regulate
RFID tagging (to store its manuacturing
specication details) or each o its panel
enabling its traceability and identication
as per ISO 9000 clause 7.5.3.
Historically PV manuacturer use the
barcode system. Conceptually, bar cod-
ing and RFID are quite similar; both are
intended to provide rapid and reliable item
identication-and-tracking capabilities butthey are dierent in many ways. Bar code
Vs RFID technologies are NOT mutually
exclusive, nor will one replaces the other.
They are both enabling technologies with
dierent physical attributes.
The superiority o RFID over Barcode
conceive it as a best in-shape technology
to give better tracing tool to improve the
ability o supply chain by enhancing its
productivity, accountability and item level
visibility o PV Panels or long lie.
What is RFID
RFID enables wireless data capture and
transaction processing. RFID is an auto-
matic identication method which relies
on storing and retrieving remote data on/
rom devices called as Transponders or
RFID Tags. Radio Frequency Identication
(RFID) is the technology that has revolu-
tionized the way identication and track-
ing o items is carried out. Data is stored
on a chip called RFID tag which can be at-
tached to the PV cell and module whichcan be read by wireless devices called
RFID readers.
RFID system comprises o three com-
ponents:
RF ID transponder or RF ID tag
RFID Writer/Reader
RFID Handheld
How RFID Technology Works
The antenna emits radio signals to acti-
vate the UHF passive tags (without bat-
tery) and to read and write data to it. The reader emits radio waves, depend-
ing upon its power output and the radio
requency used. When an RFID UHF pas-
sive tag passes through the electromag-
netic zone, it detects the readers activa-
tion signal.
The reader decodes the data encoded in
the tags integrated circuit (silicon chip)
and the data is passed to the host com-
puter or processing.
Figure 1: Typical RFID system components
Dierent RFID Technology Matrix
Currently, there are several technologies/requencies used in RFID as above given in
comparative matrix in table 2.0. Looking
ater the derivative parameters (like pas-
sive, maintenance ree & lowest cost) UHF
SOLARPOWER
2 MARCH11 energetica india
Parameters Bar Code RFID
Line o sight to track PV Solar Panel X
Reading multiple tags X
Cope with dirty & harsh environment X
Extra memory or storing other data or PV Solar Panel X
Read & write capacity X
Possibility o automatic tracking X
Electronics ID X
Cloning / Product Authenticity X
Parameters Bar Code RFID
Commercial Low High
New Technology Challenge Factor Low High
Availability High Low
Technology Provider High Low
DiSADvAntAge Of uSing RfiD OveR BAR cODe
ADvAntAge Of uSing RfiD OveR BAR cODe
tABLe 1.0: RfiD vS. BARcODe cApABiLity MAtRix Sheet
-
8/3/2019 RFID in SOlar n
2/3
EPC Gen2 is recommended or use in Solar
Power Plants or tracking and operationmanagement.
RFID technology promises to improve
a broad range o processes in logistics and
WIP in manuacturing o PV industry. RFID
allows better monitoring o the PV manu-
acturing processes with expedient raw
material fow and more eective planning
and control. It helps in monitoring where
and when a part is located throughout its
fow shop in its production process. The
key eatures that separate RFID technology
rom its competing partners such as opticalbarcodes are non-line-o-sight tag reading.
The PV manuacturing industry is very
much automated and it undergoes several
SOLARPOWER
3energetica india MARCH11
Technology/Ability
HF Technology(13.56 MHz)
UHF Technology(860-960 MHz)
Active Technology(2.45 GHz/433MHz)
Application
Access Control, Laundry Tagging,
Library Management
SCM, Inventory Management, Health
Care, Aviation, Retail, Transportation Health Care, RTLS
Multiple Tag Read Slow(2-5 tags/Sec) Faster(20 to 100 tags/Sec) Faster(10-20 tags/Sec)
Tag Power Power Less Power Less Battery Power
Standards ISO 15693,14443 A/B EPC C1G1/C1G2/18000-6A,B,C No such standards
Tag Form Factor Small Small Big
Maintenance Not Required Not Required Required
Read Range Very Low(10 Cm) Good Range(2-4M) High Range(20 M)
Units Cost Labels Low( $) Very Low(ew cents) Very High(ew $)
tABLe 2.0: DiffeRent RfiD technOLOgy cOMpARAtive MAtRix tABLe
Tagging Internal Tagging External tagging
Certication o the Module
Since RFID tags consist o a silicon IC and will be
placed inside the module .So by internal taggingcertication is mandatory.
Here RFID tags are placed in back o the panel
rom outside. So tagging usually doesnt need anyrecertication.
Tag Read RangeWill be low Will be higher enough to read the panel mounted at
some height like steel structure, street light.
Tag lie
Good,Usually the tagging will be done during the lamination
process and data eed inside the tag will be ater
module get tested using fasher. So i in dierentprocess (high temperature) get damaged replacing
the tag will be not possible.
Very Good
Tagging get at the place o fasher testing using Sun
simulator. Even i the tag is ound damaged in theprocess it can be replaced easily.
Physical Abuse Not Possible Possible
25 years o Warranty o panelsIn due course o the PV panel warranty, i the tag getdamaged it cant replaced. As whole module need to
get replaced.
In due course o the PV panel warranty, i the tag getdamaged it can easily be replaced with a new one
with dierent unique ID.Maintenance Not Required Not Required
CostHigher than external tag, since the tag has towithstand high temperature.
Lower than internal tag, only UL level o adhesive areused or long lie.
ADvAntAge AnD DiSADvAntAge Of inteRnAL & exteRnAL tAgging
Figure 2: PV Solar Module (Cr-Si) Manuacturing. Process
-
8/3/2019 RFID in SOlar n
3/3
SOLARPOWER
4 MARCH11 energetica india
processes to get a nished product. RFID
tags will be in the orm o adhesive labels
(liespan o 10,000 times write) which can
be read/write with the RFID reader/writer
station. RFID tags can be embedded in
solar panels during PV manuacturing pro-
cesses in two ways.
Case 1 (embedding the tags inside PV): RFIDtag is embedded in solar panel during the
lamination process. PV characteristics (like
Electrical, mechanical, Environmental, Cer-
tication etc) are written inside the tag a-
ter fasher system.
Case2 (embedding the tags outside PV): RFID
tag is attached to the solar panel externally
ater the fasher process externally.
RFID PV Tracker Tags: RFID PV tracker
tag is specically designed or PV solar
module tracking which contains a unique
identity or each panel. All its perormancedata (electrical parameter, IV curve data,
and its certication, cell and module man-
uacturer along with its date) is stored in
the secure tag memory. It is capable o
withstanding harsh environmental condi-
tions like temperature, humidity, UV ray
& rain etc. It is available in dierent orm
actor which will be suitable or various PV
modules o diverse sizes. It can be tagged
externally (junction box, back plate) ater
quality control.
RFID UHF Hand-Held Reader (PDA
Based terminal is a
rugged dual tech-
nology comes with
embedded RFID
middleware and
windows CE 5.0 or
easy integration. The
RFID_HH_PDA has a
sotware can read all the data in remote site
o the on/o line o PV Power Plans.
Sotware
RFID Tracker Sotware is been designed
and developed with open source rame-
work and architecture. The sotware has
a strong data compression, optimization &
ltration algorithm which extracts all the
relevant data rom a data set o each mod-
ule once it is being fashed inside the sun
simulator. An operator can write all the
data inside the RFID tags secure memory
and can stick the label on the back o PV
panel.
stage 1: The RFID Writer Station will be in-
stalled near Sun Simulator and it will re-
trieve data directly rom the Sun Simulatorand process it or urther writing process
to the RFID PV tags.
stage 2: The retrieved data will be burned
to the RFID PV Tracker tags with specially
designed algorithm which carries all the
Module inormation including IV curve
graph as stated by MNRE guidelines (Sam-
ple tag data has also been attached or
your reerence)stage 3: The RFID PV tags (which will be in
sticker orm) will be ripped o.
stage 4: Then the tags will be stuck on the
backside o the PV Module.
stage 5: Particular Modules as per order
requirement can be tracked through RFID
Hand-Held Readers in warehouse, which
will also be connected with central data-
base.
stage 6: The module will be dispatched to
client location or installation.
Beneft or PV panel
manuacturing using RFID
Item-level visibility across manuactur-
ing and distribution operations can help
to track
Location & quantity o the parts at each
stage and the arising bottlenecks can be
detected &resolved immediately.
Reducing payouts or recalled or re-
turned product.
Reducing lost product and sales rom
shipping errors. Fast identication o the low ecient
panel to be replaced/ relocated.
Better preventive measurement & main-
tenance.
Pilerage o the solar panels can be con-
trolled.
Keeping the PV panel authenticity rom
grey market and increase the country
manuacturing acility.
Conclusion
The above details very much indicate howRFID technology can acilitate the entire PV
solar panel manuacturer and to come out
with completely enabling its traceability
and identication.
Figure 2: PV RFID Tracker Tags.
RFID System architecture & process fow in thesolar PV manuacturing plant.