RFID and the Internet of Things - Are you ready? · RFID and the Internet of Things - Are you...

10th May 2010RFID RNet Workshop Oslo

©Scanology 2010

RFID and the Internet of Things- Are you ready?

RNET Workshop Radisson Blu Scandinavia Hotel, Oslo

10/11 May 2010


©Scanology 2010

‘Smoothing the path to the IoTThe rôle of standards’

Richard ReesPresident, Scanology BV

RNET WorkshopRadisson Blu Scandinavia Hotel, Oslo

10th May 2010


©Scanology 2010

RFID Standards: three reactions

•• There aren’t any RFID standards

• There are far too many RFID standards

• Who cares about standards!


©Scanology 2010

Why are Standards needed?Why are Standards needed?

Virtually every thing you did from the moment you woke up today was enabled because of

STANDARDS


©Scanology 2010

Paradise…


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Paradise…lost


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Why Standardise?Chim chimineyChim chimineyChim chim cher-ee!A sweep is as luckyAs lucky can beChim chimineyChim chimineyChim chim cher-oo!Good luck will rub off when I shake 'ands with youOr blow me a kissAnd that's lucky tooNow as the ladder of life‘As been strungYou may think a sweep'sOn the bottommost rungThough I spends me timeIn the ashes and sootIn this 'ole wide world There's no 'appier blokeUp where the smoke is All billered and curled


©Scanology 2010

Why Standardise?


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Paradise…restored


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The Traditional view of StandardsTo allow two or more items to interact with each other in a predictable way, even when there is no prior knowledge that this will happen.

• Interoperability

• Open systems

• Multi-sourcing

- But things are changing…..


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The road map for RFID Standards•• Building blocks plus applications

• reader, tags, data, and network

• Radio regulatory: spectrum management plus safety

• Technology convergence at application level

• Societal considerations

• Data Security, Privacy, User Behaviour

- Delivered as formal standards and technical reports


©Scanology 2010

Objectives for this session

• What is being standardised, and why?

• Who is doing it?

• How it may affect RFID implementation in Norway and beyond


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Richard Rees

• President of Scanology • Production, procurement and logistics background• Chair BSI IST34: Automatic ID Technologies• Convenor CEN RFID Applications Standards WG• EC RFID Mandate 436 CG (Supervisory Board)• ISO IEC JTC1 SC31 Automatic ID technologies• Past member of EAN UK (GS1) Supervisory Board• Past chair of Guild of Brewing in Scotland

- 30 years experience as user and maker of Auto ID systems


©Scanology 2010

Scanology ([email protected])

•• European Barcode and RFID solutions provider• Understand migration process to RFID• Independent, technology agnostic, open minded• RFIDWorks™ test centre• World class barcode QA systems provider• Global partner network in 28 countries• Current – diamonds/airline baggage/food traceability/care in the community/logistics/mobility

- We know about RFID


©Scanology 2010

International Standards ActivitiesThere will be a short quiz at the end!

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

IEEE INCITS

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

International TelecommunicationsUnion (ITU) (United Nations)

TC 8Ships & Marine Tech

SC 31Automatic Data Capture

ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1(JTC 1)

ITU-T (fka CCITT)TelecommunicationsStandardization

ITU-R (fka CCIR & IFBR)Radio-frequency Issues

ITU-D (fka BDT)Telecommunications Development

ECMAComité Européen Normalisation(CEN) CENELEC

Comité Européen Postal &Telegraph (CEPT)

TC 104Freight Containers

International

Regional

NationalStandards Assocof China (SAC) KATS Deutches Institut

fur Forming (DIN) JISCANSIBritish StandardsInstitution (BSI)

AIMMHI GS 1

Industry

Other

DoD ATA ATIS AIA HIBCC AIAG EPC Global Oil & Gas

WG 1 - SymbologyWG 2 - Data ContentWG 3 - ConformanceWG 4 - RFID

Universal Postal Union (UPU) (United Nations)

T6 B10

SC 17IC Cards

VDA

ODETTE

WG 5 - RTLS

TC 122Packaging

SC 6Telcom & info exchbtwn systems

ETSI

WG 6 - MIIMWG 7 - Security

WG 4 - Shpng LblWG 5 - TerminologyWG 7 – Prod PkgngWG 10 - SCARFIDProd Mrkng

©QED Systems 2010


©Scanology 2010

RFID Standards•• Air Interfaces – frequency based: ISO 18000

• passive and active tags, sensors, vocabulary!

• Conformance and performance: ISO 18046/47• the need for consistency and predictability

• Data structure and access: ISO 15691/92• Data Security and Privacy: EU Mandate 436• Regulatory

• ETSI FM – spectrum sharing/power outputs• ICNIRP etc – medical issues


©Scanology 2010

RFID standards – the air interface

•• ISO IEC JTC1 SC31

• 18000-2 LF (125-134 KHz), passive

• 18000-3 HF: (13.56 MHZ) 3 modes, passive, EPCg

• 18000-4 SHF : (2.45 GHz) passive and active

• 18000-6 UHF: (850-960 MHz) passive EPCg

• 18000-7 UHF: (433 MHZ) active; RTLS

• ISO stack model


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RFID Standards - Data

• Data structure, compaction, addressing

• ISO 15691, ISO 15692, ISO 24753, ISO 15459

• Very technical: largely transparent to user

• Licence plate, item attendant data e.g. sensors

• EPC 96 bit structure: EPCG, GS1, but also……?

• EPC does not (necessarily) mean EPCGlobal!


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Risk Management and Sensors“ I keep six honest serving-men(They taught me all I knew);Their names are What and Why and WhenAnd How and Where and Who”

Kipling, The Elephant’s Child, 1902

“ If only I knew what is where and when, then my boss would not ask How the (bleep) and Why the (bleep) and especially WHO the (bleep) caused that foul-up”

- Not technology: it is about DATA! And Information….


©Scanology 2010

Data – The Payload!

• Licence Plate: basic minimum• use as lookup to secure managed database

• Item Attendant data • removes worry about connectivity• increases risk of data loss, corruption

• Attribute data• User data as tag memory increases: ATA• remember air interface speed issue!• SENSORS – temperature, humidity, shock


©Scanology 2010

Sensor Data – The Payload!


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RFID and Data

•• Data Carrier, Data Carried

• The data carrier is (con)temporary, and is a cost

• The data carried is timeless, and is the benefit

• It is very expensive to change data structures within an organisation

• Tag-Interrogator link - data

• Interrogator-World link: data transforms to information


©Scanology 2010

RFID Data Access

• Data Access• Open systems allow data to be shared

• But you have to be able to find it • and have a common understanding

• To be EPCGlobal, or not to be EPCGlobal• GS1 Visibility program

• Internet of Things• Governance, control• Trust, resilience

• IPv6, Super EDI: a prediction and a warning


©Scanology 2010

RFID and Society

• Data has to be secure• Data has to be trusted• Privacy of users, both consumer and industrial, must be protected.

- This must be achieved if RFID is to realise its potential• to improve economic competitiveness• to achieve societal objectives


©Scanology 2010

RFID and Society

• PIA• Privacy Impact Assessment• A form of risk assessment• Template based to assist SME compliance• Useful check list (but still scary red tape)• Considers intent of system• Key component of EU RFID Mandate work

• Logos and Signage


©Scanology 2010

RFID Data Privacy

• Big issue in Europe:• EU consultation process• Silent unauthorised transaction fear• The misunderstanding Active vs. Actief

• The Reality• RFID not fundamentally different from barcode• no need for new legislation


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RFID Data Security

• cg• Another big issue for the lobbyists• Related to Privacy but different• Introduces authenticity aspect: item ID theft• Needs to be looked at on a system-wide basis: the weakest link determines the overall security• Security should be a layered approach

• if the number of bits in the encryption scheme exceeds the number of beans in the tin, just maybe you have gone a little overboard on securoty


©Scanology 2010

RFID Standards – who is doing what…. Global

• ISO (IEC JTC1) SC31• Basic building blocks

• RFID air interfaces• Conformance and performance methods• Data structures and security• Reader API?• Works with IEEE on sensors

• EPCGlobal (GS1)• uses ISO 18000-6C for UHF• will probably use ISO 18000-3M3 for HF

• And many others!


©Scanology 2010

RFID Standards – who is doing what…. Europe

• EC RFID Mandate M436 Joint ESO (CEN/CENELEC/ETSI)• Data Security• Privacy• Open meeting for stakeholders 22 June Brussels

• ETSI• Radio regulatory• Privacy

• CEN TC225• Formal standards and technical reports• Optical, radio, data, applications: WE NEED INPUT!!• Inputs from CEN members: e.g. Standards Norway• And from stakeholder liaison groups, e.g. ANEC

• And many, many others! FP7 RACEnetworkRFID


©Scanology 2010

RFID Standards – who is doing what…. Norway

• YOU!!!!• Your business partners!• Standards Norway• SINTEF• GS1 Norway : http://www.gs1smartcentre.no• Oil and Gas Association• RFID-RNET and its members


©Scanology 2010

Dropping the Pilot: The Application of RFID

• Market is Maturing• Technology capability• User expectations• Technology convergence – comms• Application convergence – Google Earth• User familiarity with complex systems – iPhone

• RFID being presented within complete application• Bundling – be careful• Embedding - Oyster card

• Momentum – be committed long-term.


©Scanology 2010

BP“ Imagine being able to quickly and accurately determine the physical location of a BP asset (physical/human) anywhere on theplanet, and combining this locational information with corporateinformation to visualise and facilitate faster and better decision taking”

“The main source of innovation is outside the energy sector”

• Can’t find – buy more, rent more = cost• Grass grows over the asset you own

- note current emphasis on WHERE - RTLS


©Scanology 2010

Real Life RFID Deployment in Oil & Gas•Tracking Drill Pipe and Casing• Manufacture/Service of Fracing Parts• Validating/Tallying Drill Pipe at Rig• Control/Inspection of Pipeline/Flanges• Field Product Inspection• Riser and Accessory Tracking• Well Components• Sea Port/Loadmaster Control• End-to-End Supply Chain Visibility – Castrol Lubes• Pipeline Remote Worker Monitors• Automatic POB and Muster Control• Access control, contractor management, geofencing• etc, etc

(Source Oil & Gas RFID Solution Group et al )


©Scanology 2010

RFID-RNET

•Norwegian Resource Network with the strategic objective to generate projects based on RFID technology with direct business involvement. •aims at defining the RFID technology and development research challenges at the national level in the view of global development. • brings together the fragmented community that exists in Norway today in the field of RFID technology, thus underpinning the basic multidisciplinary science. • will address the large potential for RFID-based capabilities in Norway.

©RFID-RFNET 2010


©Scanology 2010

RFNET: Smart RFID systems are expected to be strategically important in Norway particularly in the following areas:

• Retail • Logistics/asset/fleet management• Reduce Supply Chain in-efficiencies• Healthcare• E-Ticketing /toll roads• Food safety (Track and trace)• Oil & gas• ePayment/event management/arena management• Forestry, paper• Waste management, recycling • Security and privacy• HR/Personnel safety in harsh environments

©RFID-RFNET 2010


©Scanology 2010

RFID-RNET – 3 axes, 3 areas of focus

• The first axis will consider the key elements of RFID solutionsRFID technology,RFID Applications and ServicesRFID integration with back-end systems.

• The second axis will consider the specific industrial sectors.• The third axis considers the priorities for university, research and industrial sectors.

RFID-RNET will focus on three key areas:• Integrating existing research and development programmes. Scientific research excellence and innovation• Developing roadmaps for the critical application areas• Dissemination of knowledge/information related to RFID projects, activities, research and development

©RFID-RFNET 2010


©Scanology 2010

RFID standards – the future

•• Industry standard application standards

• Data carrier will evolve/change just as barcode has done but more so and faster

• RFID will have a supporting role, not a star role

• Not RFID+ , but +RFID?

• RFID Sensor standards pointing the way

• ISO and IEEE 1451.7


©Scanology 2010

‘RFID is dead, long live RFID!’

• Continuity of concept• Changes in technology, functionality, performance • Diversity of “RFID”: no one solution • Applications, Applications, Applications• Embedding – will RFID become invisible?


©Scanology 2010

Please remember!

RFID is not the silver bullet – it is an enabler within a bigger system

- Choose it on the basis of fitness for purpose, not because it is the latest fashion!!


©Scanology 2010

RFID standards: conclusion•• There are many standards but they form part of a big system

• Understand the difference between data carrier and data content standards

• Be prepared for item identity theft and misrepresentation

• Observe the principle of consent in any RFID application

• Don’t be put off by the privacy issue!

- And get ready for the Internet of Things

RFID and the Internet of Things - Are you ready? · RFID and the Internet of Things - Are you...

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