RF Link Budget and Dimensioning
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Transcript of RF Link Budget and Dimensioning
1 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and Dimensioning/Deepak Yadav/Aug2008Company Confidential
WCDMA Link Budget & Network Dimensioning
2 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Radio NW Planning
-> What is a good RF Network Plan?
– A good network plan should address the coverage and capacity requirement of the area considered, but also be sufficiently flexible to allow network expansion without major change of the existing sites.
WCDMA RF Plan
– In WCDMA, the coverage and capacity requirement cannot be considered independently, but should be planned at the same time with proper guidelines
3 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Radio Network Planning Process
• Radio Planning Objectives : Coverage, Capacity, Quality and Cost
•Planning Process
Optimisation
Pre-launchoptimisation
Pre-planning Detailed planning
Pre-planninginformation
Dimensioning
Model tuning
Site selection
Configurationplanning
Parameterplanning
Coverage and capacity planning
Pre-launchoptimisation
Post-launch optimsation
Scope of
Dimensioning
4 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Scope of Dimensioning
CN
Circuitswitched
(cs) domain
packetswitched
(ps)domain
UTRAN
Iub
Iub
Iur
Iu-PS
Iu-CS
Uu
Uu
UE
UE
MSC/VLR
SGSN
RNC
RNC
5 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
-Ou
tpu
t tow
ard
Ac
ce
ss
p
lan
nin
g
Per area and per Phase
• Number of Node Bs
• Node B Type
• Node B Configuration
• Node B Upgrade
Radio Dimensioning flow
customerRequirements
LINK BUDGETLINK BUDGET
RF Planning Parameters• interf marg
• HO gain• environment
• etc.
RF Planning Parameters• interf marg
• HO gain• environment
• etc.
System Parameters
• Eb/No• TX power
• etc.
System Parameters
• Eb/No• TX power
• etc.
Infrastr. Parameters• # of sectors• antennas• req cov
area• etc.
Infrastr. Parameters• # of sectors• antennas• req cov
area• etc.
CapacityCapacity
Air Interface Dimensioning
(Capacity: Rel’99 + HSPA)
Traffic Demand
• per bearer• # of subs
• GoS• etc.
Traffic Demand
• per bearer• # of subs
• GoS• etc.
Outputs
Input Parameters
Target ServiceTarget Service
6 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Link Budget Overview
Noise figure
Cable losses
Soft handover gain,
antenna gain
Building Penetration loss
Body loss
Margins
PATH LOSS (L)
Max AllowedPath Loss (L)
= Tx Signal + All Gains – Other Losses – Rx Sensitivity
7 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Link Budget Overview
Margins
PATH LOSS (L)
MS out power EbNo RequiredBody lossMS antenna gainBuilding Penetration loss
Location probabilityPropagation environmentCoverage criteriaSHO gain
BS noise figureRequired Eb/NoProcessing gainUplink loadBTS cable and connector lossesBTS antenna gain
8 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Input Parameters Overview
CAPACITY RELATED Spectrum Available Subscriber Growth
Forecast Traffic Density Map
CAPACITY RELATED Spectrum Available Subscriber Growth
Forecast Traffic Density Map
COVERAGE RELATED Coverage Regions Area Type Information Propagation Model
COVERAGE RELATED Coverage Regions Area Type Information Propagation Model
QUALITY RELATED Indoor/Outdoor Coverage Location Probability Blocking Probability
QUALITY RELATED Indoor/Outdoor Coverage Location Probability Blocking Probability
Gives an Estimation of the Equipment Necessary to Meet the Network Requirements
Network Dimensioning Activities
Radio Link Budget Calculation
Cell Size Calculation Capacity Calculation Number of Node B, RNC Iub, Iur & Iu
Transmission Capacity
Gives an Estimation of the Equipment Necessary to Meet the Network Requirements
Network Dimensioning Activities
Radio Link Budget Calculation
Cell Size Calculation Capacity Calculation Number of Node B, RNC Iub, Iur & Iu
Transmission Capacity
Input Categories
10 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Radio networks Dimensioning
COVERAGECOVERAGE CAPACITYCAPACITY
COMPROMISE BETWEEN COVERAGE AND CAPACITYCOMPROMISE BETWEEN COVERAGE AND CAPACITY
11 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
WCDMA Capacity
13 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
It must be ensured that network is planned with limiting link to ensure the coverage for all the bearers R99 uniformly in all clutters.
In Design HSPA is the Limiting Link , Since cell range for this link is minimum, so network should be planned using this cell range
DLUL
DLUL
DLUL
Voice
HSPA
CS 64
Network Design Criteria: Limiting Link
14 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Network Planned with 20% loading
Coverage holes in the network When 30% loading
Limiting Link
Network Dimensioning
15 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
16 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Coverage VS Capacity Dimensioning: Cell Breathing [1/2]
Traffic distribution and forecase uncertainty and imperfect site selection
Cell-A
Cell-C
Cell-B
Results => Results => Coverage Holes!Coverage Holes!
Cell-A
Cell-C
Cell-B
Cell breathing
"actual" Loading, (ie from the traffic inputs defined in dimensioning)
e.g.. Forecasted Actual UL load = 8%
e.g.. Real Actual UL load = 30%
17 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Coverage VS Capacity Dimensioning:Fixed Uplink Load - To avoid Coverage holes [2/2]
"actual" Loading, (ie from the traffic inputs defined in dimensioning)
This diagram shows a Fixed Uplink Load design
Results => No or Results => No or Min Coverage Min Coverage Holes!Holes!
Cell-A
Cell-C
Cell-B
Cell-A
Cell-D
Cell-H
Cell-E
Cell-F
Cell-C
Cell-B
Cell-G
• No (or minimum)
coverage holes
problems
• More cells required
• Traffic mobility taken
into account.
eg. Actual UL load = 8%
eg. Fixed UL load = 30%
18 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Inputs for Coverage Planning
19 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Requirements in Coverage Planning
Link Budget Parameters
Clutter Type
Size of Area
Bearers
cell load
Results from Coverage Planning
Cell Radius
Total number of NodeB
Network Dimensioning
Coverage Planning
20 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Key Inputs for Coverage Planning
DU U SU R
Target Service at Cell EdgeTx PowerUL Cell LoadingFast Fading Margin dBSHO gain dB
Penetration Loss 24 20 16 10 dB
Feeder Loss 1 1 1 1 dB50% NodeB with 2.5dB feeder loss
Node B Antenna height 20 20 22 24 m
UE antenna height 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 m
Nde B antenna gain 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 dBi65 degree horizontal beamwidth
Area coverage probability for voice and video 95% 95% 95% 95%Standard deviation 10 8 8 6 dBArea correction factor 0 0 -4 -4 dB
CS 64kbpsUE: 21dBm; Node B 20W
35%33
ClutterParameters
UnitRemarks
21 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Coverage Planning Inputs : Clutter Area Distribution
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Inputs for Capacity Planning
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Network Dimensioning
Requirements in Capacity Planning
• No. of Subscribers
• Services and Bearers
• Traffic Profile per subscriber
Results from Capacity Planning
• Cell Load
• Channel Element
Capacity Planning
24 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Capacity Inputs – Number of Subscribers
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Capacity Inputs – Traffic Profile
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Sample Format for Traffic Profile
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Capacity Inputs – Subscriber Distribution
Subscriber Distribution Clutter Level
PhaseDense Urban Urban
Sub Urban Rural
Year 1 15% 45% 30% 10%
Year 2 17% 48% 28% 7%
Year 3 18% 48% 27% 7%
28 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and Dimensioning/Deepak Yadav/Aug2008Company Confidential
WCDMA Link Budget
29 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
IntroductionLink Budget Main Sections
• General Settings
– Supported Release (not shown, new for version v1.1.1), Clutter Type, Channel Model, Bearer type, Operating Band, RF part selection
• Transmitting End Settings (NodeB and UE as well)
– Feeder, Antenna, CCCH settings
• Receiving End Settings (NodeB and UE)
– TMA, Load settings
• Pathloss Setting
– Propagation Model selection, Standard Deviations, Penetration Loss, Location Probability, Antenna height
• Radio Network Configurations Settings
– Site Layout, Area Size, Required Coverage settings
30 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
UE Tx power = 21dBm
Node B Tx Power = 43 dBm
Antenna Gain (example): 18.5 dBi, X-pol, 650
Feeder Loss
Body proximity Loss
3 dB for voice services
1dB for Video Service
0 dB for data services
Link Budget : Tx End Parameters
31 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Total noise power in the receiver is a
function of:
• Boltzman’s constant
• Temperature
• Bandwidth
• Thermal Noise = kTB
• Noise figure
Link Budget: Rx End Parameters
32 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Path Loss = Processing Gain - Thermal Noise
= log (3840000/Information Rate) – log (kTB)
= log (3840000) – log (information rate)
– log (kT)
– log (3840000)
Link Budget : Information Rate and Processing Gain
33 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
• Interference margin is calculated from the UL
loading () value
– From set maximum planned load
• "sensitivity" is decreased due to the network load (subscribers in the network) & in UL indicates the loss in link budget due to load.
20
10
6
1.253
25% 50% 75% 99%
IMargin [dB]
Load factor
20
10
6
1.253
25% 50% 75% 99%
IMargin [dB]
Load factor
dBLogIMargin 110 10
Link Budget: Load and Interference Margin
34 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
In order to meet the defined quality requirements (BLER) a certain average bit-energy divided by total noise+interference spectral density (Eb/N0) is needed.
Eb/No depends on:
• Service
• MS speed
• Radio channel
ServiceUL DL
CS 12.2 AMR voice 4.4 7.3CS 64 (video call) 2.2 4.9PS 64 2 3.8PS 128kbps 1.4 3PS 384kbps 1.7 3.6
Eb/No
Link Budget : Eb/No
35 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Soft HO
Softer HO
• SHO gain, also called Macro Diversity Combining, gives the Eb/N0 improvement in soft handover situation compared to a single link connection
• In dimensioning SHO Gain is considered at the cell edge
• This phenomenon reduces the negative effect of small scale fading
• It allows to use lower the transmit power or EbNo requirements
• In Link Budget tool this parameters is covering gain of soft and softer handover
Link Budget: SHO Gain
36 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
At cell edge there is the gain against shadowing. This is roughly the gain of a handover algorithm, in which the best BTS can always be chosen (based on minimal transmission power of MS)
In reality the gain against shadowing gain is a function of required coverage probability and the standard deviation of the signal for the environment.
• This gain can be understood as reduction of Shadowing Margin
Link Budget: Gain against shadowing
37 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
• Describes a margin taken into account as a power backup at the transmitting end
• This margin reflects the accuracy of the closed loop fast power control algorithm to follow the steep fluctuations of the link loss caused by the fast fading
• This is needed at cell edge for UEs to be able to compensate fast fading
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 410
15
20
25
dB
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4-10
0
10
20
dBm
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 45
10
15
dB
Seconds
Mobile transmission power starts hitting its maximum value
Eb/N0 targetincreases fast
Received qualitydegrades, more
frame errors
MS moving towards the cell edge
Link Budget: Fast Fading Margin
38 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Link Budget: Radio Propagation specific Inputs
Antenna Height
Standard Deviation
Coverage Probability
Penetration Loss
Propagation Model
39 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Link Budget Results
Allowed Pathloss
Cell Radius
40 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
In the dimensioning process, the cell range [R]
is set by the shortest radio link (service class
With lowest cell range).
The number of sites can be determined by the
following relation:
# of sites = coverage area / site area
where: site area = K * R2
Sector K value
Omni 2.6
1 0.65
2 1.30
3 1.95
6 2.60
Coverage Site Count Calculation
41 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
WCDMA Radio NW Planning – Dimensioning Process Summary
Link Budget CalculationRadio link specific :- Data rate (processing gain)- Average Eb/No- SHO gain in dB
Equipment specific :- MS Power class- MS/BS calc. sensitivity- Antenna gainetc
Load factorPropagation specific :- Antenna height- BPL and deviation- Area correction factor- Lognormal shadowing margin
Max. allowed path loss
Cell Range Calculation
Max. Cell Range in each area type
Capacity Estimate
No. of sites / Total supported traffic in each area type
Equipment Requirement
BS HWs / Transmission / RNC
Estimated traffic per CU
InterferenceMargin
Max. traffic per CU
If fulfill the need
If too low capacity
42 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Load Calculation
43 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Load Calculation
Load factor () predicts the amount of noise rise by treating interference as wideband noise.
It is based on Eb/No, number of users, their service bit rate and activity, other cell to own cell interference ratio, the amount of uplink noise rise and orthogonality factor.
44 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Load Calculation
In order to meet the defined quality requirements (BLER) a certain average bit-energy divided by total noise+interference spectral density (Eb/N0) is needed. So for every user j and for given bit rate Rj we have:
, where Ij is the received signal power of user j
Of course subscriber j is not active all the time, that is why the special activity factor j should be introduced:
jjtot
j
jj
b
II
I
R
W
N
E
1
0
jtot
j
jj
b
II
I
R
W
N
E
0
45 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Load Calculation
Using the previous equation we can express the load caused by one subscriber as a part of the total load:
, where:
For N subscribers, the load caused in the cell (so called load factor) is:
jjb
jj
NE
RWload
1
1
1
0
totjj IloadI
N
jjload
46 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Little i
The load factor calculation the other cell interference takes into account the interference from other cells.
This can be introduced by means of the little i value, which describes how much two cells overlap (bigger overlapping more inter-cell interferences).
Iown
Iother
Sector Little i
Omni 0.55
3 0.65* recommended values
47 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Interference in UL
PRx_Own
PRx_Other
iUL = PRx_Other / PRx_Own
48 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Interference in DL
PTx_Own
PTx_Common
Com
mon
Cha
nnel
s
PTx_Own_DL
PTx_Other_DL
iDL = PTx_Other_DL / PTx_Own_DL
49 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Orthogonality
Orthogonality [] is a measure how well separate code signals are uncorrelated
In DL the own cell interference are reduced by factor (1-). This is due to the synchronised orthogonal channelisation codes, which are used in DL.
recommended value: [] = 50%
50 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Load Calculation
After introduction of the little i the load factor in the cell will be:
In DL the own cell interference is reduced by factor (1-). This is due to the synchronised orthogonal channelisation codes, which are used in DL:
N
jjloadi1
N
jjjDL loadi 1
• Ortogonality factor j is between 0.4 and 0.9Typical values:
• ITU vehicular subscriber (Macro Cell) j=0.6
• ITU pedestrian subscriber (Micro Cell) j=0.9
51 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Power Rise
For UEs located in the other cells the power increase caused by Fast Loop PC procedure is harmful for the own cell interference conditions
N o n - f a d i n g c h a n n e l F a d i n g c h a n n e l
T r a n s m i t t e d p o w e r
R e c e i v e d p o w e r
P o w e r r i s e
A v e r a g e t r a n s m i t t e d p o w e r
N o n - f a d i n g c h a n n e l F a d i n g c h a n n e l
T r a n s m i t t e d p o w e r
R e c e i v e d p o w e r
P o w e r r i s e
A v e r a g e t r a n s m i t t e d p o w e r
recommended value: [pwr_rise] = 0.7 dB
52 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Load Calculation
Because of power rise in the UL load calculation, the little i should be corrected (little i is multiplied by pw_rise parameter)
UL load affects the noise level at the Node B receiver. Noise RiseA typical cell load value for dimensioning ranges from 30% to 70 %.
50% is a good compromise between the number of sites and the offered capacity.Breathing effect: UL load limits the Coverage.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
95
98
loading/%
los
s/d
B
N
jjUL loadirisepw_1
54 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Dimensioning Results
RF DIMENSIONING RESULTS
Number of base stations
Configuration of base stations
Number of subscribers per area
mErl / subs for voice and RT data
mErl / sub for NRT data
Iub/Iur/Iu INTERFACE DIMENSIONING
RNC DIMENSIONING
55 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Cell Load Calculation
56 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and Dimensioning/Deepak Yadav/Aug2008Company Confidential
WCDMA Network Dimensioning Results Analysis
57 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Understanding Target Service – CS64 (DL)
CS64
PS64
CS64
PS384 CS64
PS128
AMR12.2CS64
AMR12.2
AMR12.2
AMR12.2
AMR12.2AMR12.2
PS384
PS128
PS64
PS64
Cell Edge
58 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Understanding Target Service – CS64 (UL)
CS64
PS64
CS64
CS64
AMR12.2CS64
AMR12.2
AMR12.2
AMR12.2
AMR12.2AMR12.2
PS384
PS128
PS64
PS64
Cell Edge
59 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Understanding Target Service – HSDPA
Cell Edge
High Throughput
Low Throughput
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Target Service
CS64
PS64
New Zealand
Taiwan
Malaysia
Philippines 1
Philippines 2
Singapore
Indonesia
PS64
PS64
PS64
PS128
HSDPA512/PS128
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Service v/s Cell Radius [ Asymmetrical Traffic]
With UL fixed at 64Kbps, Limiting Link is CS64
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Service v/s Cell Radius [ Symmetrical Traffic]
In Symmetrical traffic environment, PS384Kbps is the limiting link
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Sample Site Count Comparison – Change of Target Service
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Sample Site Count Comparison – Change of Interference Margins
≈ ∆1.75dB
dBLogIMargin 110 10
1.253
20
10
6
25% 50% 75% 99%
IMargin [dB]
Load factor
65 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and DimensioningCompany Confidential
Sample Site Count Comparison – Change of Interference Margins
≈ ∆1.5dB
≈ ∆15%
≈ ∆1.5dB
≈ ∆15%
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Deviation In Results – Change of Planning Inputs
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GSM900 v/s GSM1800 v/s WCDMA
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GSM900 v/s GSM1800 v/s WCDMA
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WCDMA Network PlanningSample Case
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Top 19 cities planning – An Overview
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Remove Existing Sites which are too close to each
other
Coverage Prediction
Target Design
Import exiting sites in planning tool And evaluate based on design criteria
Generate Coverage Stats
Too Much Coverage Overlap?
Yes
No
Coverage Stats fulfilling the criteria?
No
Nominal Planning Process
Any Coverage
Holes?
Add new 3G sites to fill up coverage holes in network
Yes
No
Yes
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Summary of Link Budget I – CS64
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Summary of Link Budget II – Cell Range
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Radio Planning Results - Summary of Site Count
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Understanding Results – Comparison of Reuse Factors
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Understanding Results – Comparison of Reuse Factors
Avg Reuse approx 85%
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Delhi Radio NW Planning Results Analysis
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Coverage Planning Delhi – Clutter Map
Dense Urban Urban Sub Urban Rural Total
53.0 175.3 418.6 17.1 663.9
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Delhi Coverage Planning Outcome
65-70% sites in DU and U area
Site
Percentage
Dense Urban 54 8.21% 243 19.57%
Urban 335.94 42.03% 547 44.04%
Suburban 370.95 46.41% 345 27.78%
Rural 26.734 3.34% 107 8.62%
TOTAL 787.624 1242
Morphology Area* (km2) Percentage Sites No.
*Site count shown above is inidicative and purely based on certain assumptions. Also significant clutter area details used in above figures is based on map area details provided by map vendor to NSN
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Coverage Planning : RSCP Plots
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Delhi Coverage Planning : Ec/Io Plots
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Delhi Coverage Planning: SHO Area Analysis
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WCDMA Network DimensioningCE Dimensioning Aspects
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Baseband (BB) capacity• Channel Element (CE) refers to the capacity requirement of 1
User voice/16 kbps (UL&DL)
• Upgrades in min. 1CE (Channel Element) steps
• Additional CE by SW license key
• HW supports CCH, DCH, HSDPA and HSUPA
• 384 kbps supported in UL and DL for both HSDPA and R99 services
Flexi WCDMA BTS Site Capacity
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Flexi BTS Base Band CE Requirements For R99 Users
User data CE required
16kbps/ voice 1
32kbps 2
64kbps 4
128kps (64/128) 4
128kps (128/128) 4
256kps (DL) (64/256) 9
384kbps (64/384) 12
384kbps (128/384) 12
384kbps (384/384) 12
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Flexi WCDMA BTS BB Example
Common channels
Remaining availablecapacity for R99 traffic
Carrier 1Carrier 1Common channels
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Carrier 1Carrier 1Traffic channels
HSDPA Users
Based on traffic
requirements
activated CEHSUPA Users
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Channels Element Calculation
The code channels (HW channels) needed for different services are as follows:
1. Traffic per CellErlang or kbit/s
3. Physical Channels(=traffic channels*SHO)
2. Traffic Channels
Hardware Channels
Service Code Channel
Voice 1
64 kbps service (RT/NRT)
4
128 kbps service (RT/NRT)
4
384 kbps service (RT/NRT)
12
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Network Dimensioning Summary• Complete Network dimensioning in the end should provide following results -
– Cell Range– Site Area– Coverage Thresholds– Number of Coverage Sites– Achieved Loading– Number of carriers per cell– Number of capacity sites– CE requirement per site– Total Number of sites
• Dimensioning Outputs from Link Budget [ Libu Tool] :– Cell Range– Site Area– Coverage Thresholds– Number of Coverage Sites
• Dimensioning Outputs from Dim Tool :– Achieved Loading– Number of capacity sites [ If possible]– Total Number of Sites– CE requirement per site
89 © Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Network Link Budget and Dimensioning/Deepak Yadav/Aug2008Company Confidential
Thanks!