Revision Book: Edexcel USA Exam · REVISION: AMERIA 1919-1941 Page 3 How did WWI help the...

REVISION BOOK:

EDEXCEL USA EXAM 2013

The History department wish you all the best on your exams.

Make us proud!

Name: ______________________________________________

Class: ___________

Form: ___________

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=4mgH4RMvaQyeqM&tbnid=jobWRORPvzcCuM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1076393/AN-WILSON-Not-doom-gloom.html&ei=9XhtUsXUGoyr0AWz9oHACQ&bvm=bv.55123115,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNEBruMm2Bffh9KgqGq0dJckHb7N-A&ust=1382992478311235

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents

Glossary: Economic Boom and Society _________________________________________________________________ 1

Why did America Prosper? ______________________________________________________________________________ 2

How did WWI help the ‘Boom’? _________________________________________________________________________ 3

What was the Cycle of Prosperity?______________________________________________________________________ 4

How did America’s entertainment industry develop?_________________________________________________ 5

To what extent was the Roaring 20’s ‘roaring’ for everyone? ________________________________________ 6

Why was Prohibition introduced and why did it fail? _________________________________________________ 7

Why did the US stock market crash? ___________________________________________________________________ 9

Glossary: Crash, Depression and the New Deal _______________________________________________________ 10

How did Farmers suffer in the 1930’s? ________________________________________________________________ 11

Did Hoover do anything to deal with the Depression? _______________________________________________ 12

What happened in the 1932 election? _________________________________________________________________ 13

How did Roosevelt deal with the Depression? ________________________________________________________ 14

What were the Alphabet Agencies? ____________________________________________________________________ 15

Who opposed the New Deal and Why? ________________________________________________________________ 17

How did WWII help the American economy? _________________________________________________________ 18

What was the Cycle of Depression? ____________________________________________________________________ 19

Keyword Ding-bats _____________________________________________________________________________________ 20

Exam Technique Guidance 1a) 4 mark question _____________________________________________________ 21

Exam Technique Guidance 1b) 6 mark question _____________________________________________________ 22

Exam Technique Guidance1c) and 1d) 8 mark question _____________________________________________ 23

Useful Websites _________________________________________________________________________________________ 23

Reflection: Self-Assessment ____________________________________________________________________________ 24

Contact Information ____________________________________________________________________________________ 25

REVISION: AMERICA 1919-1941

Page 1

Glossary: Economic Boom and Society

Prosperity Tariff Policy Isolationism Mass production

Consumerism Standardization Democrat Tin Lizzy

Great Depression League of Nations Klonversation Volstead Act

Gangsters Failure to ratify the Treaty of Versailles

President Wilson Normalcy

Corruption Bootlegging Speculation Buying on Margin

Fordney-McCumber Tariff

Prohibition Ku Klux Klan Jazz

Melting Pot Speakeasies Flappers Moonshine

Panic Selling Unemployment Share prices Hire Purchase

Mass Production Cinema Unequal distribution of wealth

Immigration quota

Jim Crow Laws World War One Increased competition

Anti-Saloon League

WASPS Sacco and Vanzetti Palmer Raids 18th Amendment to the Constitution

Starter Task: Read the keywords above. Place a small dot to colour code the terms at the beginning of your revision;

red = do not know,

amber = heard of but couldn’t confidently define,

green = confident

Focus your revision around those identified as amber and red, this will help you target your revision. At the end of your revision go back and see if you have progressed in your understanding and confidence.


Page 2

Why did America Prosper?

Cause Details How it helped the Boom.

Impact of WWI

New Industries

Republican Policies

Mass Production

Advertisement

Credit

Confidence


Page 3

How did WWI help the ‘Boom’?

Figure 1: Sample exam question

Tariff Policy

Mass Production

Consumer industries

and advertising

Republican

policies

Hire Purchase/

Share purchase

World War 1

How and why did the

USA achieve

prosperity in the

1920’s?


Page 4

Figure 2: Sample Exam question from June 2012

What was the Cycle of Prosperity?

Mass Production The Car: Model

T

Decreased price

Consumeris

m

Increased

demands

Increased

employment

Increased

disposable

income

Increased

spending and

Leisure activities

Increased

use of

Stimulates

other

economies

Increased

employment


Page 5

Jazz Radio

Cinema Clubs

How did America’s entertainment industry develop?

Keywords to include when answering a question on the entertainment industry are:

Leisure time, blues music, 10 million homes had radios by 1929, sports developed, baseball, boxing,

travelling to matches, dancing, Charleston, tango, 110 million people to the cinema each week, talkies,

Rudolph Valentino, Hollywood, crazes.


Page 6

To what extent was the Roaring 20’s ‘roaring’ for everyone?

Did everyone benefit during the roaring 20’s? Research those who did not benefit and explain why.

Groups that

DID NOT benefit

Explanation

Immigrants

Blacks

Farmers

Groups that

DID benefit

Explanation

Business Owners

Women

Young people

Black Musicians

Figure 3: Exam question June 2012


Page 7

Why was Prohibition introduced and why did it fail?

PROHIBITION: Prohibition was introduced in 1919. It meant the illegal sale and consumption of alcohol.

Why was it introduced?

Campaign Groups – Women’s Christian Temperance Union

Anti-Saloon League

It was believed to be linked to domestic violence

Racism/Prejudice: -drinkers accused of being unpatriotic

Beer was associated with the ‘Hun’ Germany so after the First World War there was a rejection of foreign alcohol.

Economic: - Alcohol made workers less reliable with reduced production and increased absenteeism

The Volstead Act

WHY DID PROHIBITION FAIL?

Use each topic as a start point and develop each to showyour depth of understanding.

Prohibition

Social

•Gangsters and organised crime

Social:

•Speakeasies

Economic

•income of brewery transferred

Political:

•Corruption

Social

•Health


Page 8


Figure 5: Exam question January 2013


Page 9

Why did the US stock market crash?

Why did the USA enter a Depression? In October 1929 the Wall Street Crash happened bringing about an end to prosperity. You must be able to offer MULTI-CAUSAL REASONING for why this happened. THIS ENDED THE ROARING 20s!

Figure 6: Above: Sample exam question Jan 2011. Below: Sample 16 mark question June 2012

Overproduction

Speculations

Tariffs

Panic selling

Unequal distribution of wealth


Page 10

Glossary: Crash, Depression and the New Deal

Economic Boom Hoover New Deal Works Progress Administration

Home Owners Loan Corporation

Fireside chats Unemployment Depression

Social Security Act Alphabet Agencies Emergency Banking Relief Act

Bankrupt

Democrat Overproduction Agricultural Adjustment Act

Roosevelt

Hoover Dam Federal Emergency Relief Administration

Civilian Conservation Corps

National |Recovery Administration

Lend-Lease Conscription Taxation Reconstruction Finance Cooperation

Republican Over-farming Black Thursday Do-Nothing President

Banking Crisis Share our Wealth Campaign

Supreme Court Congress

Cycle of Depression Bread and Soup Queues Hoovervilles Laissez Faire

Rugged individualism Dr Townsend Huey Long Wagner Act

Share croppers Boondoggle jobs Opposition Bonus Army

Starter Task: Read the keywords above. Place a small dot to colour code the terms at the beginning of your revision;

red = do not know,

amber = heard of but couldn’t confidently define,

green = confident

Focus your revision around those identified as amber and red, this will help you target your revision. At the end of your revision go back and see if you have progressed in your understanding and confidence.


Page 11

How did Farmers suffer in the 1930’s?

Income on farms dropped 60%

Still suffering from overproduction during the 1920s – prices were low so little profit

Over-farming had led to soil becoming INFERTILE in Iowa. This created a DUST BOWL!

Could not afford to pay mortgages and lost their farms.

Farm workers lost jobs

1 million people travelling around looking for work

Figure 7: Above Sample 8 mark question.



Page 12

Figure 9: Exam January 2013

Did Hoover do anything to deal with the Depression?

He did something He did not do enough

He offered $4,000 million for major building projects to create jobs (Hoover Dam)

He cut taxes to try to encourage people to spend

Bought up farmers produce for more than it was worth

Created the Emergency Relief Act - $300 million to states

Set up Reconstruction Finance Corporation – loans to businesses

He believed in laissez faire – so did very little to help economic recovery

He believed in Rugged Individualism

HOWEVER – his solutions were short term and had little impact!


Page 13

Figure 10

What happened in the 1932 election?

Reasons why Roosevelt won Reasons why Hoover lost

Promised a New Deal for all Americans

Promised to resolve the banking crisis

Strong political record – Mayor of New York

Strong election campaign – toured all the states

He was a republican – he was associated with the economic collapse because of laissez faire

He was seen as the ‘do nothing president’ – his weak policy had not helped the depression

His policies were very short terms and unsuccessful

Negative transference

Sample Question:

Study Figure 10. What does this source suggest about presidential election of 1932? (4 marks)


Page 14

How did Roosevelt deal with the Depression?


Fireside Chats

What were they?

What did they intend to do?

Were they successful?

Resolved the Banking Crisis

What was the problem with the banks?

What was teh Emergency Banking Relief Act?

How did Roosevelt restore confidence?

The New Deal

What was planned in the lame duck months? The first 100 days?

What would be created?


Page 15

AAA • Name:

• Goal:

• Method:

• Judgement

CCC • Name:

• Goal:

• Method:

• Judgement

NRA • Name:

• Goal:

• Method:

• Judgement

PWA • Name:

• Goal:

• Method:

• Judgement

WPA • Name:

• Goal:

• Method:

• Judgement

What were the Alphabet Agencies?

HOLC:

SSA:

Categories each of the agencies into the following

categories; relief, recovery and reform. Additionally,


Page 16

some agencies were created in the second New Deal. Make sure you know when they

were created.




Page 17



Who opposed the New Deal and Why?

Opposition can be divided into two main sections; those who thought the New Deal did too much and those

who thought it did too little.

Huey Long

Republicans

Supreme Court

Black people


Page 18

How did WWII help the American economy?

Lend-Lease

Women joined labour force

Conscription

Migration to the northern


Page 19

What was the Cycle of Depression?

Figure 16: Sample Exam question Jan 2013


Page 20

Keyword Ding-bats


Page 21

Exam Technique Guidance 1a) 4 mark question

Okay, so this should be one of the easiest type of question on our exam. A nice,

simple 4 mark question. All the examiner wants is you to make inferences

and support with quotes from the source. To score good marks make two

inferences with supporting quotes from the source.

in·fer·ence

Noun

1. A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.

2. The process of reaching such a conclusion: "order, health, and by inference cleanliness".

Synonyms: conclusion - deduction - illation - consequence

Sample Question:

Study Source A. What does this source suggest about the importance of the motor car in 1920’s USA? (4 marks)

Sample Answer:

The above answer would get 4

marks; it makes two inferences (bolded

in the answer) and supports it with

selected quotes from the source.

Sample mark scheme to help

you understand the level of detail

required to achieve different levels

Simples!

Source A

The car helped the cities by opening up the suburbs. It carried its owners to and from their entertainments. It carried boyfriends and girlfriends beyond the moral gaze of their parents. It took Americans on an increasing range of sporting events, holidays, shopping trips or simply to visit family and friends.

From a History book published in 1996.


Page 22

Exam Technique Guidance 1b) 6 mark question

For this question type EdExcel want you to:

Make three separate points

Support each of them with some ‘recalled’ –that means remembered- own knowledge

Skill:

de·scribe

Verb

1. Give an account in words of (someone or something), including all the relevant characteristics, qualities, or events.

2. Indicate; denote.

Synonyms: depict - delineate - portray - picture - represent

Sample Question:

1b) Describe the key features of Prohibition. (6 marks)

Quick Tips: In order to make the most out of your answer, write three mini paragraphs; each paragraph should identify and develop a separate point..

Sample Answer:


Page 23

Exam Technique Guidance1c) and 1d) 8 mark question

This question depends on your ability to discuss a multi-factoral/multi-causal answer. You need to add recalled knowledge and show the link between cause/consequence.

Skill:

ex·plain

Verb

1. Make (an idea, situation, or problem) clear to someone by describing it in more detail or revealing relevant facts or ideas.

2. Account for (an action or event) by giving a reason as excuse or justification.

Synonyms: interpret - expound - elucidate - explicate – clarify

Sample Question:

1c) Explain the results of the Great Depression for the American people. (8 marks)

1d) Explain why US industry did so well after the First World War. (8 marks)

Formatting Considerations:

You need to add some recalled knowledge

You need to show the link between cause/consequence and the feature

You need to do this twice

For top marks you need to link your two causes/consequences, or say which is the more important

Useful Websites


Page 24

Reflection: Self-Assessment

a) How confident are you feeling about your content knowledge of this topic?

(5 being high, 0 being low)

0 1 2 3 4 5

b) How confident are you feeling about your knowledge of exam style techniques?

(5 being high, 0 being low)

0 1 2 3 4 5

c) Identify one area for improvement. This will be your target for

your revision so please make sure it is a SMART target.

Thank you for all your hard work! It will pay off during your exams.


Page 25

Contact Information

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

TEACHER OF HISTORY

TEACHER OF HISTORY

Email address

[email protected]

Email address

[email protected]

Email address

[email protected]

https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl&imgrefurl=http://gatsbyunleashed.blogspot.com/2010/05/mafiagangsters.html&h=0&w=0&sz=1&tbnid=613QnOyRzJMawM&tbnh=279&tbnw=180&zoom=1&docid=3J405_7uLXc64M&ei=SGptUqWwFYSf0QWqwYCACg&ved=0CAMQsCU

Revision Book: Edexcel USA Exam · REVISION: AMERIA 1919-1941 Page 3 How did WWI help the...

Documents

Transcript of Revision Book: Edexcel USA Exam · REVISION: AMERIA 1919-1941 Page 3 How did WWI help the...