Harvesting Energy from Wastes

R&A Energy SolutionsRenewable Electric and Steam Co-Generation for Manufacturing and/or Sale to the Grid

32723 Fallhaven CircleN. Ridgeville, OH 44039

440/377-2387

Renewable Energy Project Development

The Problem(s)

Huge, Unmanageable Volumes of Waste Air Pollution Water Pollution Landfill Capacity Limits Odors Insect Vector Born Disease Vermin Vector Born Disease

Every day, tens of thousands of tons of MSW, crop waste, wood waste, yard waste, construction waste and other “renewable” materials as well as non-recyclable plastics and other organics enter Ohio’s environment. R&A has potential clients in every one of these categories.

Energy is Available but Literally Going to Waste

Sewage Sludge Chicken Litter MSW

Yard Waste Auto Shredder Residue Wood Waste

Energy from Waste Technologies

Incineration - The “I” Word

Open Burning

Gasification Heating Organic Material in a “Low Oxygen” Environment PyrolysisPyrolysis

Heating Organic Material in a “Zero Oxygen” or “Near Zero Oxygen” Environment

Energy from Waste - Pyrolysis

The Pyrolysis / Electric Generation Process:

• This is a Mature, Well- Established Technology Originally Developed in the 1800’s.

• Recent Advances have Brought Costs and Size Down Considerably.

• The Technology is Safe, Efficient and Can Use a Multitude of Feedstocks.

Modern Pyrolysis System

In Widespread Use – Europe, Asia, Africa and South America!

Pyrolysis Power Generation

Biomass or Other Waste

PYROLYSIS850o C in a Near

Oxygen-Free Environment

High BTU Syngas(Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, CO and Hydrogen

Bio-Char & Oils

Power Generation,Steam and/or Hot Water

Waste Heat

85% to 90% of the heat is harvested.

480/3 PhaseTo Customer

Pyrolizer Gas In To Engine/GenSet

Engine Exhaust (1,300oF)

Engine Jacket Water For Feedstock Pre-Heat (205°F)

* Patents Pending

PyroGenTM*

Where does the MSW go?

One Ton of Typical MSW Consists of Approximately:

1,220 Pounds of Cellulose (Paper and Cardboard) 320 Pounds of Plastics 80 Pounds of Metals 300 Pounds of Food Waste 180 Pounds of Yard Waste

Recyclables

(About 1,333 Pounds)

Non Recyclable Residues

About 667 Pounds of 3 through 7 Plastics, Food Waste, Paper, Cardboard and Garden Waste

Where does the MSW go?

From the 667 pounds of non-recyclable MSW (or Engineered Fuel or RDF,) pyrolysis produces approximately:

167 Pounds of Pyro-Char

22.25 Gallons of Pyro-Oils

28 Cubic Feet of High BTU Pyro-Gas

Varying Amounts of Usable Heat

Emissions

This is an “This is an “ultra-low emissionsultra-low emissions” technology.” technology.

Under EPA Air Permitting Regulations for Particulates:

▪ 250 Tons per year is considered a “Minor Source”

▪ 500 Tons per year is considered a “Major Source”

Six (6) I Power Engine / Generator Sets Produce Less than 1,000 POUNDS of Particulates per Year!!

The 50 Ton per Day Pyrolysis Unit

Throughput Intake

Pyro-Char Output

Pyro–Char / Bio-Char

The resulting sterile Char may be mixed with asphalt for road repair, pulverized to “Carbon Black” for making tires, converted to “Activated Carbon” or applied to farm fields, depending on exact content, local needs and regulations.

Sequesters Carbon for Thousands of Years!

Pyro - Oil Production

Depending on the waste feedstock, a variety of oils are produced by pyrolysis. Many of these liquids may be used directly as a substitute for fuel or bunker oil or refined for use in the chemical industry or as transportation fuels.

1. Power Sales (10 to 20 Year Guarantee under Power Purchase Agreements)

2. Tipping Fees3. Pyro-Char Sales (Carbon Black, Activated

Carbon)4. Pyro-Oil Sales (Diesel Fuel, Naphtha, Petcoke)5. Recycling Sales (Aluminum, Ferrous Metals,

Glass)6. Renewable Energy Certificates (“REC’s”)7. “Green Tags” (Cap and Trade/Kyoto)8. Heat/Hot Water Sales

Project Income Streams

1. 30% Treasury Grant (“Stimulus”)

2. DOE Loan Guarantees

3. DOE Grants

4. OAQDA Grants / Loans / Loan Guarantees

5. New Markets Tax Credit (“NMTC”) Monetization

6. Training Grants / Credits

7. County and Local Development Fund Monies

Project Funding Support

Project Capacity in MW

Feedstocks PPA With

Clyde, Ohio 2.25 to 11.5 Sorted MSW, Sludges

Clyde, Ohio Electric Utility

Niles, Ohio 2.25 to 10 ASR, Sorted MSW, Sludges

AMP-Ohio

Trumbull County 6.45 to 12 MSW AMP-Ohio

USDA (Multiple) 2.25 to 10 Animal Manures

Various Co-ops and Utilities

Celina, TN 10 to 14 Sorted MSW Local Rural Electric Coop

South Charleston, OH 4.25 to 12

Food Waste, MSW, Solid

Waste

Dayton Power and Light

Current Projects

R&A has about 30 additional projects in its developmental pipeline.

Return on Investment

All Projects Show >50% Increasing Annual ROI’s During the First 10 Years

IRR of over 50% for the First 10 years

Next Step

Commercialization – Funding for the Clyde Renewable Energy Project.

R&A Energy SolutionsRenewable Electric and Steam Co-Generation for Manufacturing and/or Sale to the Grid

32723 Fallhaven CircleN. Ridgeville, OH 44039

440/377-2387

Thank You!