NATIONAL UNIVERSITYCOLLEGE OF NURSING

551 MF Jhocson, Street, Sampaloc Manila

EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE“The Effectiveness of the different light

colors of Bilirubin Light”

Submitted by:

NUR111 Group 1

Antonio, Jude Trixie D.

Baloy, Noel

Camba, Sherybel L.

Concepcion, Johannes Rafael R.

Dacanay, Iza R.

Submitted to:

Wilrida Ablaza, RN, MAN

February 18, 2014

The Effectiveness of the different light colors of Bilirubin Light

I. Introduction

Jaundice occurs when there is a build-up of a naturally occurring substance in the blood called bilirubin. Bilirubn is an orange/red pigment in the blood. It is normal for everyone to have low levels of bilirubin in their blood. As bilirubin begins to build up, it deposits on the fatty tissue under the skin causing the baby's skin and whites of the baby's eyes to appear yellow. Bilirubin lights, also called bili lights or phototherapy, are a treatment for newborn jaundice. They can help a baby with jaundice get rid of bilirubin. Phototherapy (light treatment) is the process of using light to eliminate bilirubin in the blood. The baby's skin and blood absorb these light waves. These light waves are absorbed by the baby's skin and blood and change bilirubin into products, which can pass through their system. This study aims to know the effectiveness of the different colors of Bilirubin light on decreasing the bilirubin level of the baby.

II. Statement of the Problem

1. What is the difference of each color of the bilirubin light?

2. Does color affect the bilirubin level of the patient?

3. What color of light is the most effective to use?

Phototherapy: Current methods and future directions

Hendrik J. Vreman, Ronald J. Wong, David K. Stevenson

This study was emphasizing the efficacy and safety considerations of phototherapy applications and improvements in spectroradiometers and phototherapy devices are necessary for more predictable and improved clinical practices and outcomes. This article reviews the parameters that determine the efficacy of phototherapy, briefly discusses current devices and methods used to deliver phototherapy, and speculates on future directions and studies that are still needed to complement our presently incomplete knowledge of the facets of this common mode of therapy.

Effectiveness of Phototherapy Units in Cameroon

Katie Satrom, Tina Slusher and Jared Satrom

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in resource-limited countries. The aim of this study was to measure the effectiveness of existing phototherapy units at a local hospital in Cameroon using an irradiance meter. Phototherapy units (n = 4) in one newborn nursery in Cameroon were evaluated. The average irradiance of the functioning units was 2.87 μW/cm2/nm, which is substantially below the recommended range of 10–30 μW/cm2/nm. With simple improvements, one new prototype unit was developed. Its irradiance was 23.3 μW/cm2/nm. We concluded that irradiance of phototherapy units should be measured, as many local nurseries worldwide may not be delivering effective treatment. Simple and cost-effective changes to phototherapy units can make a substantial improvement in irradiance.

Phototherapy for Neonatal Jaundice—Therapeutic Effects on More Than One Level?

This study aims to the treatment in neonatal medicine and is used to prevent the neurotoxic effects of bilirubin. Studies have assessed the optimal wavelength of phototherapy light, the importance of irradiance and spectral power, and the types of light source, including the use of single versus multiple light sources. The outcome was the duration of need for phototherapy or rate of reduction of serum bilirubin over a given time. Several studies have shown that very rapid reductions of total serum bilirubin levels are possible.

Early Isomerization of Bilirubin in Phototherapy of Neonatal Jaundice

Khalaf Mreihil1, Antony F McDonagh, Britt Nakstad1, and Thor Willy Ruud Hansen

The strength of this study is that the group of patients studied is representative of typical NICU populations regarding the distribution of birth weights and gestational ages. Because of the characteristics of Norwegian guidelines for therapy (which are similar to the AAP guidelines), some infants were treated at relatively low TSB levels. The phototherapy units we have used are commercially available and widely used. The use of white linen inside the crib and hung around the phototherapy unit to increase irradiance by reflection can be replicated anywhere using materials easily available and may increase the efficacy of phototherapy (17,18). Thus, the rates of bilirubin stereoisomer formation that we have found in this study are likely to be achievable in other NICUs as well.

Advantages of Bilirubin light

It is inexpensive and easy to use; the breakdown products of bilirubin are not toxic for the CNS and are rapidly eliminated through the kidneys and liver; it is the most effective of all modes of prevention and treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, with the exception of exchange-transfusion

Disadvantages of Bilirubin light

Immediate side effects described in newborn infants include: decreased intestinal transit time, with loose, greenish stools; increased insensible water loss with slow weight gain; skin rashes and, rarely, a brownish discoloration of skin, urines and plasma.