ReviewLessonsMapsGraphic OrganizerMapsGraphic Organizer Unit 6: Slavery and Emancipation Slavery and...

ReviewLessons Maps Graphic OrganizerMaps Graphic Organizer

Unit 6: Slavery and Emancipation

Slavery and Emancipation

What are some things people are willing to fight for?



Lessons

Lesson 1King Cotton and the Spread of SlaveryLesson 2Heading Toward WarLesson 3The Nation Divided by WarLesson 4The Union Moves Toward VictoryLesson 5The War EndsLesson 6Reconstruction and After



King Cotton and the Spread of Slavery

How did the South affect the nation’s economy and politics?

Vocabularyslave state

free state

Missouri Compromise

tariff

Reading SkillFact and Opinion

Lesson 1


King Cotton and the Spread of Slavery

Why did the demand for slaves grow?

Growth of cotton as a cash cropMovement to the west Congress passed a law that no enslaved peopled could be brought into the U.S. after 1808. Why did the enslaved population continue to grow?

Children of enslaved people were also enslaved.

Planters brought enslaved people from Caribbean islands.


King Cotton and the Spread of SlaveryMissouri Compromise

Missouri applied to join the Union as a slave state.

Already 11 slave states and 11 free states

Another slave state would upset the voting balance in Congress.

Compromise: Missouri joined as a slave state. Maine joined as a free state.

Slavery would not be allowed in any states north of Missouri.


King Cotton and the Spread of SlaveryComplete the Venn diagram to compare and contrast the differences between the North and the South.

South NorthAlike

pro-slavery

dependent on cotton

opposed tariffs

part of the same country

supported westward expansion

anti-slavery

industrialized

favored tariffs


Heading Toward War

How did the issue of slavery divide the country in the 1800s?

Vocabularyabolitionists

debate

treason

secede

civil war


Lesson 2


Heading Toward WarWhat was the Underground Railroad?

It was a secret network of trails, river crossings, and hiding places to help enslaved people escape to the North. What was the importance of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

This act overturned the Missouri Compromise. It was based on used popular sovereignty—people would vote to accept or ban slavery. What did the Dred Scott case determine?

It determined that enslaved workers could be taken anywhere, even free states, and remain enslaved.


Heading Toward WarComplete the graphic organizer about the Lincoln-Douglas debates.

Fact Opinion

Douglas said Lincoln was an abolitionist.

Douglas tried to win votes by hiding his opinion about slavery.

At first, Douglas was more popular than Lincoln.

Lincoln was true to his principles.

Lincoln only opposed expanding slavery into the territories.

Lincoln’s honesty earned people’s respect.


Heading Toward WarWhy were Southerners upset by John Brown’s raid?

John Brown, an abolitionist, attacked an army arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Va., to get weapons for enslaved people so they could revolt against plantation owners. What event prompted South Carolina and six other states to secede from the Union?

Abraham Lincoln, who took a stand against slavery, won the presidential election of 1860.

Where did the Civil War begin?

Confederate guns fired on Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina, on April 12, 1861.


The Nation Divided by War

What were the challenges for each side in the Civil War?

Vocabulary

draft

Anaconda Plan

total war


Lesson 3



Why did both the South and the North think they would win the war?

Southerners believed they would win because they had a stronger military tradition than the North.

Northerners believed they would win because they had more people, industry, and money than the South.

Battle of Bull Runfirst major battlenear Manassas, VirginiaUnion soldiers could not break through Confederate lineStonewall JacksonSouth won


The Nation Divided by WarStrengths of the South

• It planned a defensive war, which is easier for the military to win.

• A third of the nation’s officers joined the Confederate army.

• It had a strong military tradition.

Strengths of the North

• The North had more than twice the population of the South.

• Most of U.S. Navy officers came from the North, and most of the Navy stayed with the North.

• 80% of U.S. factories were in the North.

• The majority of railroads were in the North.

• Almost all firearms were manufactured in the North.

• Northern farms grew more food than Southern farms.

• Southerners were more skilled in shooting, hunting, and riding.

• Soldiers began preparing for war before the attack on Fort Sumter.



• It had less than half the population of the North, and one-third were enslaved people.

• It had less money to support the war effort.

• It had only one factory making cannons.

• Union troops fought mostly in the South, where people were defending their homes.

• Long supply lines made it difficult to move quickly.

• Many soldiers had little military tradition.

• Most Union soldiers had little military training.

• Union armies would have to take control of most of the South to bring it back into the Union.

• It had half as many miles of railroad track, making it difficult to transport food, weapons, and other supplies.

Weaknesses of the South Weaknesses of the North


The Nation Divided by WarWhat was the goal of the Anaconda Plan?

The goal was to make it difficult for the South to get the supplies it needed for the war.

The Anaconda Plan had three parts.

Blockade Southern seaports so Southerners could not buy weapons and supplies.

Take control of the Mississippi River to divide the South and prevent Confederates from using the river to move supplies.

Invade the South, squeezing the region from both east and west.


The Union Moves Toward Victory

How did people participate in the Civil War?

Vocabulary

Emancipation Proclamation

Gettysburg Address


Lesson 4


The Union Moves Toward VictoryWhat was the Emancipation Proclamation?

The Emancipation Proclamation stated that all enslaved people in the Confederacy were emancipated, or free, and changed the ideas about the reasons for fighting the war.

Why was the Union victory at Vicksburg important?

A win at Vicksburg gave the Union control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two.


The Union Moves Toward VictoryCitizens contributed to the war effort.

Factory workers made weapons.Railroad workers transported troops and supplies.Young people helped on farms.Young boys served as buglers or drummers.

Women supported the war effort.Worked in factories or ran family businessesWorked in shops, plowed fields, harvested cropsCared for wounded soldiers, sewed uniforms, and made tents and ammunitionSpies and nurses


What events brought an end to the Civil War?

The War EndsVocabulary

malice

assassination


Lesson 5


The War Ends

Two goals:

destroy Lee’s army

capture Richmond

Huge number of dead and wounded

Grant trapped Lee in Petersburg.

Sherman’s March to the Sea

Burned Atlanta

Lee surrendered at Appomattox in Virginia.

Less than a week later, Lincoln was assassinated.

Ulysses S. Grant commanded Union army.


The War Ends

What were the effects of the Civil War on the South?

The South had few farms left in working condition.

Property was destroyed and a way of life ended.

One of every four white men was killed.

Two-thirds of its wealth was lost.

Write About It!Describe Sherman’s March to the Sea and why his actions were so controversial.


What happened in the South after the Civil War?

Reconstruction and After

Vocabulary


Lesson 6

Reconstruction

black codes

sharecropping

segregation

Jim Crow Laws


Reconstruction and AfterReconstruction was a plan for rebuilding the South.

The Freedmen’s Bureau was created to provide help to newly freed people.

Three amendments to Constitution:13th abolished slavery.14th made African Americans citizens.15th made it illegal for states to deny a man’s right to vote. Women were not included.

Black codes restricted the rights of African Americans.

Sharecroppers rented land and paid for it with a share of the crops.


Reconstruction and AfterNortherners who moved to the south were called carpetbaggers.

More than 600 African Americans were elected to state office, and 16 to Congress.

Ku Klux Klan terrorized African Americans.

Segregation resulted in unfair treatment.

African Americans were denied their constitutional rights.

Jim Crow laws kept the races segregated.


Review

Compare the Southern and Northern economies.

The Southern economy was based on farming and used many enslaved people.

The Northern economy was based on industry and did not use enslaved people.

What was the goal of the Anaconda Plan?

The goal of the Anaconda Plan was to make it difficult for the South to get the supplies they needed to fight the war.

What was the Underground Railroad?

The Underground Railroad was a secret network of trails, river crossings, and hiding places to help enslaved people escape to the North.


ReviewWhy was the Civil War considered a different kind of war?

It reached beyond battlefields.Farms and cities were burned.It was the first total war because each side struck against the economic system and civilians of the other side.

What three amendments were added to the Constitution during Reconstruction?

13th Amendment abolished slavery.

14th Amendment made African Americans citizens and guaranteed them equal legal rights.

15th Amendment made it illegal for states to deny a man’s right to vote.


Maps

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Graphic OrganizerFact and Opinion

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