Review for EOCT

• The Mayflower Compact and the House ofBurgesses were important to the development of democracy in colonial America because they– (1) expanded freedom of religion– (2) promoted self-government– (3) protected private ownership of property– (4) granted voting rights to all white males

• Which concept found in the United States Constitution was a belief held by the social contract philosophers of the Enlightenment period?– (1) presidential cabinet– (2) judicial review– (3) limited monarchy– (4) sovereignty of the people

• The main criticism of the Articles of Confederation was that they failed to– (1) allow for the admission of new states– (2) limit the powers of the president– (3) provide adequate powers for the central

government– (4) prevent the development of military rule

• President Andrew Jackson claimed that use of the spoils system increased democracy in the federal government because it– (1) removed property-holding qualifications for voting– (2) limited the role of the electoral college in

presidential elections– (3) allowed larger numbers of citizens to hold office– (4) used nominating conventions to pick political party

candidates

Both the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850 settled conflicts between the North and the South over– (1) admission of states to the Union– (2) Supreme Court decisions– (3) presidential election results– (4) voting rights

• In the late 19th century, the federal governmentaided the growth of transcontinental railroads by– (1) legalizing rate rebates for large shippers– (2) providing free land for laying railroad tracks– (3) requiring standard-gauge tracks on all interstate

lines– (4) forcing small lines to consolidate into large

systems

• The Populist movement was most interested in improving conditions for– (1) farmers– (2) business leaders– (3) African Americans– (4) Native American Indians

• What was the main benefit that labor unions of the late 19th century gained for their members?– (1) job security– (2) improved wages and hours– (3) paid vacations– (4) health insurance

• During the late 1800s, business leaders formed trusts mainly to– (1) reduce prices– (2) eliminate competition– (3) improve worker productivity– (4) establish overseas factories

• Which president was known as a trustbuster?– (1) George Washington– (2) Calvin Coolidge– (3) Theodore Roosevelt– (4) Dwight Eisenhower

• In the late 1800s, the theory of laissez-faire capitalism was used by many industrialists to– (1) petition the government for assistance during

times of financial crisis– (2) oppose colonial expansion in Africa and Asia– (3) argue against government regulation of

business practices– (4) defend limits on the number of immigrants

allowed to work in factories

• New Deal programs such as the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) were primarily intended to help– (1) farmers– (2) homeowners– (3) businesses– (4) unemployed workers

• Which federal policy was enacted during World War II and justified as a wartime necessity?– (1) a ban on German-language books– (2) internment of Japanese Americans– (3) exclusion of Chinese immigrants– (4) adoption of the quota system of immigration

• Which United States foreign policy actionresulted from the close geographic relationship between the United States and Latin America?– (1) Monroe Doctrine – (3) Marshall Plan– (2) Truman Doctrine – (4) Open Door policy

• Because of fertile land and a long growing season, plantations in the thirteen colonies developed in– (1) New England– (2) the Middle Atlantic region– (3) the South– (4) the upper Mississippi River valley

• The framers of the United States Constitutionincluded the concepts of federalism, checks andbalances, and separation of powers in the document because they– (1) feared a government with unlimited power– (2) favored the poor over the rich– (3) wanted to increase the powers of the states– (4) hoped to expand the democratic process

• The power of judicial review allows the Supreme Court to– (1) repeal amendments to the Constitution– (2) determine the constitutionality of a law– (3) break tie votes in the electoral college– (4) impeach the president and other high-level

officials

• A loose interpretation of the Constitution wasapplied when– (1) George Washington appointed John Jay to the

Supreme Court– (2) John Adams signed the Alien and SeditionActs– (3) Thomas Jefferson purchased the Louisiana

Territory– (4) James Monroe delivered his State of the Union

message

• How did President George Washington react to the conflict between France and England in1793?– (1) He used the opportunity to begin the war for

American independence.– (2) He declared the neutrality of the United States.– (3) He aided the French because they had

supported the American Revolution.– (4) He negotiated a peace settlement between the

warring nations.

• As a result of President Andrew Jackson’s policies, Native American Indians were– (1) relocated to reservations in Mexico– (2) forcibly removed to areas west of the

Mississippi River– (3) gradually allowed to return to their ancestral

lands– (4) given United States citizenship

• The “new immigrants” to the United Statesbetween 1890 and 1915 came primarily from– (1) southern and eastern Europe– (2) northern and western Europe– (3) East Asia– (4) Latin America

• Both the Interstate Commerce Act and the Sherman Antitrust Act were– (1) inspired by the effectiveness of earlier state

laws– (2) designed to protect business from foreign

competition– (3) declared unconstitutional by the Supreme

Court in the late 1800s– (4) passed by the federal government to regulate

big business

• Langston Hughes and Duke Ellington are notedfor their contributions to the cultural movement of the 1920s known as the– (1) Gospel of Wealth– (2) Lost Generation– (3) Harlem Renaissance– (4) Gilded Age

• Which leader founded a vocational traininginstitution in the late 1800s to improve economic opportunities for African Americans?– (1) George Washington Carver– (2) Frederick Douglass– (3) W. E. B. Du Bois– (4) Booker T. Washington

• In the last half of the 1800s, which development led to the other three?– (1) expansion of the middle class– (2) growth of industrialization– (3) formation of trusts– (4) creation of labor unions

• Which document included John Locke’s idea that people have the right to overthrow an oppressivegovernment?– (1) Mayflower Compact– (2) Northwest Ordinance– (3) Declaration of Independence– (4) Bill of Rights

• The Declaration of Sentiments, adopted duringthe Seneca Falls Convention in 1848, is mostclosely associated with the rights of– (1) immigrants– (2) enslaved persons– (3) Native American Indians– (4) women

• A primary reason for the establishment of theOpen Door policy (1899) was to– (1) protect United States trade in the Far East– (2) gain control of the Panama Canal Zone– (3) encourage Chinese immigration to the United

States– (4) improve relations with Russia

• Books such as Uncle Tom’s Cabin, How the Other Half Lives, and The Feminine Mystique all show that literature can sometimes– (1) expose government corruption– (2) cause violent revolution– (3) begin military conflict– (4) encourage social reform

• The Progressive movement (1900–1920) wasprimarily a response to problems created by

• (1) abolitionists • (3) industrialization• (2) nativists • (4) segregation

• What was a central issue in the Supreme Court cases of Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) and Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?– (1) freedom of religion– (2) voting rights– (3) rights of the accused– (4) property rights

• The adoption of the Bill of Rights (1791)addressed Antifederalist criticism of the new Constitution by– (1) providing for an indirect method of electing the

president– (2) protecting citizens from abuses of power by the

national government– (3) allowing the national government to coin money– (4) establishing a process for impeaching federal

officials

• A major purpose of both the Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) and the Gentlemen’s Agreement with Japan (1907) was to– (1) limit immigration of certain ethnic groups– (2) enrich America’s cultural diversity– (3) treat all Asian and European immigrants

equally– (4) relocate Asians displaced by war

• In the late 1800s, the principles of Social Darwinism were most consistent with the ideas of– (1) Populism– (2) laissez-faire economics– (3) trustbusting– (4) utopian socialism

• Many farmers failed to share in the generalprosperity of the 1920s mainly because they– (1) lacked new farm machinery to increase

production– (2) did not have sufficient numbers of farm

laborers– (3) had to pay high wages to their workers– (4) received low prices for crops due to

overproduction