DNA ENGINEERING DAY 2: CLONING

Review Bioengineering

IVF & PGD saved her life video clip

Mission Super Soldier

As a top secret government push to create American Super-soldiers, our country inserted several genes into all embryos born with a 5 year time span. Gene #1: inactivates sensory nerves as to

prevent the sensation of painGene #2: increased aggression Gene #3: blocks the recollection of all past

memories (prior to its activation).

These genes have been inactive/ "turned off"

Today, with the increased threat of terrorism, our country has decided to activate these genes within the population. (how they do this is top secret).

Bell Work Our president is hesitant about

activating these super-soldier-genes and is asking for your help in making a decision.

As a team: Decide whether your team is FOR or

AGAINST the activation of such genes Be prepared to give your arguments Later we will have a short debate so

prepare to defend your stance

Reflection

Turns out the 5-year span took place between 1996-2000. Does this change how you feel???

Learn 360

“The Deigning of Genes”

1. Recombinant DNA technology works because the Genetic Code _________

2. What is the function of restriction enzymes?

3. What does ligase do? 4. why is “pasting” so difficult if

there are sticky ends?

DNA ENGINEERING DAY 2: CLONING

There are many different processes & procedures that can be considered cloning. They include…

Natural cloning – Asexual reproduction of offspring by cell division. This is the type of cloning that occurs naturally in bacteria and single celled protists (amoeba, etc)

DNA cloning also called recombinant DNA technology. This technology has been around since the 1970’s. The scientist cuts the DNA of interest with a restriction enzyme and inserts it into a bacterial plasmid and lets it multiply. This will generate enough of the DNA so it can be studied.

REPRODUCTIVE CLONING

a technology used to generate an offspring animal using genetic material from an adult animal cell. Dolly the Sheep was the 1st mammal cloned in this manner. Since then cows, dogs, cats, goats and pigs have been cloned . In 1952, the first animal cloned was a tadpole. Before Dolly clones were created from embryonic cells.

Reproductive cloning-Dolly the sheep

Dolly was created by a reproductive cloning process called “somatic cell nuclear transfer” (SCNT).

In this process the genetic material from a Somatic cellis transferred to an egg that has had its nucleus removed. It is then stimulated to produce an embryo by chemicals or electric current. Then put into a surrogate mother. A somatic cell ( all cells of the body except the sperm and egg cell) is used because it has a full set of chromosomes. Sperm and egg cells only have one set of chromosomes.

7 Steps of Cloning Flow Map 1. A body cell is taken from a donor animal.2. An egg cell is taken from a diff. donor

animal3. The nucleus is removed from the egg.4. The somatic DNA and egg are fused by an

electric shock.5. The fused cell begins dividing, becoming an

embryo.6. The embryo is implanted into the uterus of

a foster mother.7. The embryo develops into a cloned animal.

How Dolly was cloned…

Cloning Therapeutic cloning – is

the production of cloned cells for the sole purpose of harvesting stem cells. SCNT is performed but

the resulting zygote is not allowed to grow past the blastula stage. In this manner, a patient’s skin cell could later be induced to grow new tissue to replace damaged heart, nervous, or muscle cells.

Cloning ourselves summary: Identify the 7 steps necessary to

clone yourself : (flow map) You will need a surrogate mother Girls, lets assume that you don't want to

give birth to your own clone As always include simple diagrams

for each “box” of the cloning procedure (like I did with Dolly the sheep)

VIDEO: HUMAN CLONES THROUGH THE WORMHOLE

Now let’s see how it works…

2nd try this site: Click and Clone

1st try this site: Cloning your dog - interaction

http://www.biotechnologyonline.gov.au/biotechnologyonline/popups/int_dogcloning.html

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/cloning/clickandclone/