Review
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Transcript of Review
DIAGNOSISOTHER NAMECAUSATIVE AGENTLABORATORY PROCEDURESPATHOGNOMONIC SIGN(S)TREATMENT
TuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculi PPD test Chest Xray Direct Sputum Smear Microscopy Cough of 2 weeks or more Fever (usually PM) Chest or back pain Hemoptysis Significant weight loss SOB, sweating, fatigue, malaiseMDT/FDC:RIPES or HRZES
LeprosyMycobacterium leprae Slit Skin Smear Test Leprim Test Change in skin color reddish or white Loss of sensation on the skin lesion(R-DDS) or (R-DDS-C)
SchistosomiasisBilhariasis or snail feverSchistosoma: Japonicum Masoni Haematobium
Oncomelanaia quadrasi Diarrhea Bloody stools Enlargement of abdomen Spleenomegaly Anemia Inflamed liverPraziquantel (all)
Oxamniquine (S.M)Metrifonate (S.H.)
FilariasisHuman Lymphatic FilariasisNematodes: Wuchereria bancrofti Brugia malayi Brugia timori
Aedes poecilius (night) Nocturnal Blood Examination Immunochromatographic Test Lymphadenitis Lymphangitis Elephantiasis LymphedemaDiethylcarbamazine Citrate or Hetrazan
MalariaPlasmodium: Falciparum Vivax Ovale Malariae
Female Anopheles Microscopic Method
Recurrent chills Anemia Profuse sweating AnemiaChloroquineSulfadoxine PyrimethamineQuinineTetracyclineQuinidine
DengueDengue Hemorrhagic FeverDengue Virus: 1 2 3 4Chikungunya virus
Aedes aegypti Tourniquet Test (Rumpel Leads Test)
High grade fever Bleeding signsSelf-limiting
MeaslesRubeolaFilterable virus of measles Coryza Koplik spots Mobilliform rashes
Chicken PoxVaricellaHuman (alpha) herpes virus 3 (varicella-zoster virus) Slight fever Macula-papular vesicles
MumpsEpidemic ParotitisMumps virus (Paramyxomviridae) Painful swelling in front of ear, angle of jaws and down the neck Fever Loss of appetite Malaise Orchitis (in some boys)
DiptheriaCorynebacterium diphtheria (Klebs-Loeffler bacillus) Pseudomembrane
PertussisWhooping CoughHaemophilus pertussis or Bordet Gengou Bacillus or Bordetella pertussis or pertussis bacillus Whooping cough
Tetanus NeonatorumClostridium tetani Muscular contractions (tetani)
InfluenzaFluInfluenza virus: A B C Abrupt onset of fever Chills Back and limb pains Coryza Sore throat Cough
PneumoniaPneumoccocus: Diploccocus pneumonia Pneumoccocus of Friedlander Chest percussion DULL Chest Xray Chest indrawing Rusty sputum Productive cough Fast respiration High feverAntibiotics: Amoxicillin Erythromycin Azithromycin
CholeraEl TorVibrio El Tor Stool exam Profuse, colorless diarrhea Vomiting Severe dehydrationOresol
Typhoid feverSalmonella typhosaTyphoid bacillus Stool exam Systemic infectionAntibiotics
DysenteryShigellosis Bacillary DysenteryShflesneriShboy-diiSn-conneiSh-dysenterae Stool exam Bloody and mucoid stool
Soil Transmitted HelminthiasesAscaris lumbricoidesTrichuris trichiuriaHookworm Ancylostoma duodenale Necator americanus Stool exam Anemia Malnutrition Stunted growth (height and body size) Decreased physical activity Impaired mental development and school performance
ParagonimiasisParagonimus: Westermani Siamenses Sputum examination eggs in brown spots Lumbar puncture eosinophilia in CSF (cerebral type) Cough of long duration Hemoptysis Chest or back painPraziquantel (Biltrizide)Bithionol
Hepatitis AInfectious HepatitisEpidemic HepatitisCatarrhal jaundiceHepatitis A virus Jaundice with pruritus and urticaria Bilirubinemia with clay-colored stools Influenza LymphadenopathySelf-limiting
Paralytic Shellfish PoisoningRed Tide PoisoningDinoflagellates (plankton)Pyromidium bahamense var compressum Numbness of face (mouth) Tingling sensation -> paresthesia -> paralysis Ataxia DysphagiaInduce vomitingPure coconut milkSodium bicarbonate solution
LeptospirosisWells diseaseMud feverTrench feverFlood feverSpiroketal jaundiceJapanese Seven Days feverLeptospira interrogans CBC Lumbar puncture Urine test Fever Headache Myalgia
Penicillin and other related B-lactam antibioticsTetracyclineErythromycin
RabiesHydrophobiaLyssaRhabdovirus: Rabies virus Sense of apprehension Sensory change near site of animal bite Spasms of muscles or deglutition on attempts to swallow Paralysis Delirium ConvulsionsAntibioticsAnti-tetanus immunization
ScabiesSarcoptes scabiei Microscopic examination Itching Secondary dermatitisBenzyl benzoate emulsion (Burroughs, Welcome)Kwell ointment
AnthraxMalignant pustuleMalignant edemiaWoolsorter diseaseRagpicker diseaseBacillus anthracis