...……………………………………………………………………

Retro- Commissioning Project Data Acquisition Plan

Children’s Discovery Museum 101 E. Beaufort Street

Normal, IL 61761 May 11, 2010

………………………………………………………………………

Volume 1

2

This report was prepared as the result of work by a subcontracting design assistance partner for the Smart Energy Design Assistance Center (SEDAC). It does not necessarily represent the views of the University of Illinois, its employees, or the State of Illinois. The SEDAC, the State of Illinois, its employees, contractors and subcontractors make no warrant, express or implied, and assume no legal liability for the information in this report; nor does any party represent that the uses of this information will not infringe upon privately owned rights. This report has not been approved or disapproved by the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity nor has the Department passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the information in this report.

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Table of Contents

Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... 5

Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 6

1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 8

2 Building Description .............................................................................................. 10

2.1 General Building Details .................................................................................... 10

2.2 Building Envelope ............................................................................................. 10

2.3 HVAC System and Controls .............................................................................. 11

2.4 Lighting, Internal Loads, and Occupancy Schedules ........................................ 11

2.5 Building Elevations ............................................................................................ 12

3 Data Acquisition .................................................................................................... 13

3.1 General ............................................................................................................. 13

3.2 Data Loggers ..................................................................................................... 13

3.3 Monitor Main Power (2/19/10 onward) .............................................................. 19

3.4 Plan and Specification Review .......................................................................... 21

3.5 HVAC Equipment .............................................................................................. 21

3.6 As-Built Operating Conditions ........................................................................... 21

3.7 Lighting Survey ................................................................................................. 22

4 Energy Use Comparison Tools ............................................................................. 26

4.1 Energy Plus ....................................................................................................... 26

4.2 Actual and Simulated Energy Consumption Profiles ......................................... 28

4.3 Energy Cost Breakout ....................................................................................... 29

5 Utility Rates ........................................................................................................... 30

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Index of Tables & Figures Figure 1.1 Children’s Discovery Museum: Building Floor Plans 9

Figure 2.1 CDM: Showing Curved Entry Corner, West-facing Glass Walls and South Elevation. 10

Figure 2.2 CDM: Light-colored Roof with Rooftop HVAC Units and Nearby Train 10

Figure 2.3 CDM: HVAC Zones 11

Figure 0.1 CDM: Building Elevations 12

Figure 3.1 Children’s Discovery Museum: Data Logger Locations on Third Floor 13

Figure 3.2 Children’s Discovery Museum: Logged 3rd Floor Classroom Temperature Profile 14

Figure 3.3 Children’s Discovery Museum: 3rd Floor Classroom Temperature Profile (2/11/10 – 2/16/10) 14

Figure 3.4 Children’s Discovery Museum: 3rd Floor Classroom Temperature Profile (2/15/10 – 2/19/10) 15

Figure 3.5 Children’s Discovery Museum: Third Flr. Exhibit Temperature Profile (2/3/10 – 2/19/10) 15

Figure 3.6 Children’s Discovery Museum: Third Flr. Exhibit Temperature Profile (2/10/10 – 2/19/10) 16

Figure 3.7 Children’s Discovery. Museum: 3rd Flr. Exhibit RTU-3A Profiles (2/3/10 – 2/19/10) 16

Figure 3.8 Children’s Discovery. Museum: 3rd Flr. Exhibit RTU-3A Blower and Mixed Air Temperature Profiles (2/3/10 – 2/19/10) 17

Figure 3.9 CDM: 3rd Flr. Staff Conference Room Temperature Profiles (2/19/10-3/11/10) 17

Figure 3.9 CDM: Logger T-1 First and second Deployments 3rd Flr. Classroom (Left), and Staff Conference Room (Right) Temperature Profiles 18

Figure 3.9 CDM: Logger T-2 First, Second & Third Deployments 3rd Flr. Exhibit (Left & Right), and Second Floor Exhibit (Center)Temperature Profiles 18

Figure 3.9 CDM: Budgetworks: Main Power: No morning bump when lights are turned ON. Lights apparently left on at all times. 19

Figure 3.15 CDM: Data Recording Equipment 20

Figure 4.1 Energy Plus Model of CDM building (Northwest view) 26

Figure 4.2 Energy Plus Model of CDM building (Southwest aerial view) 26

Figure 4.3 CDM: Energy Plus Zoning of the Building 27

Table 4.4 Energy Plus Model of Building (Major Parameters) 28

Figure 4.6 Comparison of Actual and Modeled [Base] Electricity Use. 29

Figure 4.7 CDM: Energy Cost Breakouts 29

Table 4.8 CDM: Energy Cost Breakout 30

Table 4.9 CDM: Energy Use Metrics Comments 30

Figure 4.10 CDM: Taken at night (10pm) Wednesday February 3, 2010. 30

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Acknowledgements The Smart Energy Design Assistance Center (SEDAC) would like to thank Geoff Fruin, Assistant to the City Manager, Shari Buckellew, Museum Manager, John Schoenbrun, Facilities Management Supervisor, and Rand Veerman, Electrical Inspector at the Town of Normal, Illinois for participating in the Smart Energy Design Assistance Program and for providing access to the information necessary to develop this report. This report was prepared by Jim McNally PE, of McNally Engineers, Ltd, Lindenhurst, Illinois. McNally Engineers, Ltd. is under contract to 360 Energy Group, LLC. Jim McNally was the principal investigator responsible for the analysis and is the primary author of this report. He can be reached at jmcnally@mcnallyengineers.com or by phone at 847-456-6975. The McNally Engineers, Ltd. web site is: www.mcnallyengineers.com

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Executive Summary Retro-commissioning is the work of making a building operate as it was intended at its conception. The process starts with citing variances with design documents but goes beyond that to cite and correct design flaws.

The twin goals of the retro-commissioning project are energy reduction and improved occupant comfort.

The project is organized in four phases, as follows:

Phase –I: Application Phase –II: Planning Phase –III: Implementation Phase –IV: Verification The Application is prepared by the Client. Other documents are prepared by the Retro-commissioning Service Provider – RSP - [in this case, McNally Engineers Ltd.]. The retro-commissioning documents include several volumes, as follows: Volume-1: Data Acquisition Volume-2: Retro-commissioning Plan Volume-3: Program Agreement Volume-4: Implementation Phase Report Volume-5: Appendix-A Graphic Images Volume-6: Appendix-B Spreadsheet Data Volume-7: Verification Phase Report Volumes 1, 2, 5, and 6 are developed in tandem as part of the Planning Phase. Volumes 3 and 4 are developed sequentially as part of the Implementation Phase. Volume 7 is prepared as part of the Verification Phase Engaging in energy efficiency strategies is a proven method of controlling costs. Organizations that take a systematic and strategic approach to energy management enjoy a broad array of tangible and intangible benefits.

We have entered into an increasingly complex and volatile energy marketplace requiring a new emphasis on measuring and maximizing energy productivity. Enterprise-wide energy management has become an indicator of overall management quality and corporate performance.

In order to enhance the economy, the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity has implemented the Smart Energy Design Assistance Program for the Commercial and Public Building Sectors. The program is funded by the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity. As part of this program, the Smart Energy Design Assistance Center (SEDAC) conducted a retro-commissioning of the Children’s Discovery Museum in the Town of Normal, Illinois.

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The intent of the retro-commissioning project is to not only identify problems, opportunities, and remedies but to work with work with the client and technical contractors to implement same, and to verify the effectiveness of the changes.

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1 Introduction The Children’s Discovery Museum in the Town of Normal, Illinois is a museum created expressly for children that lets them imagine, create and play with three floors of amazing hands-on exhibits including...

• Healthy Kids - Healthy Future, • the Fresh Market, • Healthy Pizza Café, • Way to Go, • Dig It! • AgMazing! -An amazing Agricultural

Experience • Paint a masterpiece on the Paint Wall • A two story Luckey Climber, • the Toddler Backyard • Birthday Party and Special Event rooms. • A museum store.

Museum Hours Fall/Winter/Spring Hours

Tuesday, Wednesday and Saturday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.

Thursday and Friday, 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. Sunday, 1 to 5 p.m.

The Museum is [generally] closed Mondays Summer Hours

Tuesday, Wednesday and Saturday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Thursday and Friday, 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. Sunday, 1 to 5 p.m.

The Museum is [generally] closed Mondays Holiday Exceptions

The CDM is open Monday, March 22, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. The CDM is closed Sunday, April 4.

The Children’s Discovery Museum’s website is: http://childrensdiscoverymuseum.net The Children’s Discovery Museum’ was built in 2004. It was designed as a LEED Certified building. However, since it opened, the building’s energy use has been much higher than projected. One of the goals of this project is to determine the root cause of this variance.

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The figures below show floor plans of the facility identifying the major areas.

First Floor Second Floor T hird Floor

Figure 1.1 Children’s Discovery Museum: Building Fl oor Plans

The Smart Energy Design Assistance Center (SEDAC) has performed a retro-commissioning analysis of the building. This volume (1) centers on collecting physical and operations data of the building. The companion document, Volume 2, identifies and evaluates problems, offers solutions, and evaluates their effectiveness along with the methods and assumptions used.

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2 Building Description

2.1 General Building Details The Children’s Discovery Museum was built in 2004 as LEED-certified building. LEED elements include use of recycled materials, low emission finishes, and energy conservation aspects. 2.2 Building Envelope The building is a three-story brick structure [plus a basement] with an all glass west wall. There are few windows on the east wall, and a nominal amount of glazing on the north and south walls. The roof is steel deck with rigid insulation topped with a white membrane. There is one small skylight over the three-story entrance foyer.

Figure 2.1 CDM: Showing Curved Entry Corner, West-f acing Glass Walls and South Elevation.

Figure 2.2 CDM: Light-colored Roof with Rooftop HVA C Units and Nearby Train

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2.3 HVAC System and Controls The building is heated, cooled, and ventilated almost exclusively by rooftop units. Stairways and entrances have electric heaters. Rooftop units are self-contained electricity-based air conditioning and gas-fired heating, with heat recovery wheels. . The building HVAC systems are controlled by a building automation system. Control of stairway heaters is by manual thermostat. See figures below for zoning of HVAC equipment.

First Floor Second Floor Third Fl oor

Figure 2.3 CDM: HVAC Zones

2.4 Lighting, Internal Loads, and Occupancy Schedules

Zone Lighting KW KWH Zone TOTALS: 45.7 200,966

1 First Flr. 13.9 57,600 2 Second Flr 11.6 47,112 3 Third Flr 8.1 32,638 4 Offices 3.4 14,772 5 Basement 5.5 37,590 Exterior 3.3 11,253

2.4.1 Basement Lighting in the Basement is predominately fluorescent strips. About 5.5 kW of lighting electrical load has been identified in this part of the building. Basement shop hours of operation are from 7:00 AM to 4:00 PM Monday through Friday, The Basement is generally not occupied on Saturdays, Sundays, and Holidays.

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2.4.2 Exhibit Areas Lighting in the Exhibit Areas is predominately compact fluorescent. About 33.6 kW of lighting electrical load has been identified in this part of the building. Exhibit hours of operation are from 9:00 AM to 5:00PM Tuesday, Wednesday, and Saturday. From 9:00 AM to 8:00PM Thursday and Friday. The Museum is generally not occupied on Mondays. 2.4.3 Offices Lighting in the Office area is provided by recessed T8 fluorescent fixtures. About 3.4 kW of lighting electrical load has been identified in the Office Section. Office section hours of operation generally mimic those of the Museum with the addition of Monday hours (from 8:00AM-5PM). 2.5 Building Elevations

See figures below for building elevations.

East West

North South

Figure 0.1 CDM: Building Elevations

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3 Data Acquisition 3.1 General The elements of data acquisition are as follows: 3.1.1 Data Loggers Portable data loggers are being used to determine actual profiles of operating conditions. Loggers measure temperature, relative humidity, light intensity, and current (Amps). They are deployed for two-to-three week periods. The benefits to-date of this technique have been immeasurable.

3.1.2 Monitor Main Power A data recorder and 800 Amp full data stream wattmeter were installed at the facility on February 19, 2010. It is expected that the profiles will indicate the extent of unintended nighttime operation of the building.

3.1.3 Lighting Survey A comprehensive lighting survey was made of the building.

3.1.4 Plan and Specification Review The review of the plans and specifications was made to identify those elements of the building which are at variance with the design documents.

3.1.5 Recalculate HVAC Equipment Size The Energy Plus model was used as a baseline comparison of the size of the HVAC equipment. Results are given in volume-2.

3.1.6 Collect As-Built Operating Conditions Many times buildings are not operated as contemplated during their design.

3.2 Data Loggers

3.2.1 First Deployment (2/3/10-2/19/10) Three data loggers were deployed on February 3, 2010. Logger T-1 was located on a wall in the third floor classroom. Logger T-2 was located on a wall in the third floor exhibit area. Logger T-3 was mounted inside RTU-3A which serves the third floor exhibit area. The location of the loggers is shown in the figure below.

Figure 3.1 Children’s Discovery Museum: Data Logger Locations on Third Floor

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3.2.1.1 Logger T-1 Notice that the space temperature (black line) is driven from setback of about 68 F quickly to the 80s F two or three times each day before settling at space setpoint of about 72 F. Also notice the decay beginning at 6:00PM each night – which suggests the temperature has been set back at that time.

Figure 3.2 Children’s Discovery Museum: Logged 3 rd Floor Classroom Temperature Profile

Figure 3.3 Children’s Discovery Museum: 3 rd Floor Classroom Temperature Profile (2/11/10 – 2/1 6/10)

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Figure 3.4 Children’s Discovery Museum: 3 rd Floor Classroom Temperature Profile (2/15/10 – 2/1 9/10)

3.2.1.2 Logger T-2 This data logger was located about 10 feet from the West windows in the main exhibit area. The thermostat is located at the extreme east side of the space near the restrooms. Notice that the space temperatures (black line) oscillate throughout the day from 68 F to about 75F. Relative humidity is about 15%.

Figure 3.5 Children’s Discovery Museum: Third Flr. Exhibit Temperature Profile (2/3/10 – 2/19/10)

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Figure 3.6 Children’s Discovery Museum: Third Flr. Exhibit Temperature Profile (2/10/10 – 2/19/10)

3.2.1.3 Logger T-3 The T-3 logger was mounted inside RTU-3A serving third floor exhibits. It was monitoring mixed air downstream of the cooling coil and upstream of the heater section. Note that the blower (green line) is energized at midnight each day. It runs until 9:00PM generally. The mixed air temperature moves quite a bit ranging between 54 F and 78 F.

Figure 3.7 Children’s Discovery. Museum: 3rd Flr. E xhibit RTU-3A Profiles (2/3/10 – 2/19/10)

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Figure 3.8 Children’s Discovery. Museum: 3rd Flr. E xhibit RTU-3A Blower and Mixed Air Temperature

Profiles (2/3/10 – 2/19/10)

3.2.2 Second Deployment (2/19/10-3/11/10) 3.2.2.1 Logger T-1 Third Floor Staff Conference Room

Figure 3.9 CDM: 3rd Flr. Staff Conference Room Temp erature Profiles (2/19/10-3/11/10)

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Figure 3.10 CDM: Logger T-1 First and second Deploy ments 3rd Flr. Classroom (Left), and Staff Conference Room (Right) Temperature Profiles

3.2.2.2 Logger T-2 Second Floor Exhibit Near West Window

Figure 3.11 CDM: Logger T-2 First, Second & Third D eployments 3rd Flr. Exhibit (Left & Right), and Second Floor Exhibit (Center)Temperature Profiles

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3.2.2.3 Logger T-3

Figure 3.12 CDM: Logger T-2 First, Second & Third D eployments: RTU-3A (Left), First Flr Lobby (Center), and Electric Dom HW Heaters (Right) Profi les

3.3 Monitor Main Power (2/19/10 onward)

Main power is being monitored by Budgetworks. Example Daily Profiles verify that lights are generally left on, and that the RTUs were starting at Midnight every day. The figure immediately below is typical when the RTUs started at Midnight. The figure below that was taken the day after midnight start-ups were ended.

Figure 3.13 CDM: Budgetworks: Main Power: No mornin g bump when lights are turned ON. Lights apparently left on at all times.

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Figure 3.14 CDM: Budgetworks: Main Power: BAS Midni ght Start-up “Feature” was removed on 3/11/10. Notice Loads from Midnight to 6AM are lowe r.

The Budgetworks data recording hardware used is in the figure below.

Figure 3.15 CDM: Data Recording Equipment

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3.4 Plan and Specification Review

On the positive side: • The rooftop units are well constructed. Dampers are airfoils, are tightly fit together,

each blade has a gear-drive. The cases are heavy duty steel. The heat recovery wheel on outside/exhaust air saves energy. The building automation system looks like it has a lot of features.

• The lighting system is low-energy-using with remote step and dimming control. [Unfortunately the step control was not implemented.]

Negative aspects.

• Space temperature sensors are not well-positioned for the exhibit areas on the first, second, and third floors. They are in out-of-the-way positions near the restrooms. As such they do not respond quickly to temperature changes in the exhibit areas.

• The smoke exhaust damper frame is welded aluminum. The frame flexes due to wind forces; aluminum welds are brittle. One such weld has broken causing there to be a 1” opening to the outside.

3.5 HVAC Equipment

Rooftop Units

Unit ID Serves Mfgr. Model Year

Installed Type

Econo-mizer Status

Heat Rec-overy? CFMS

HTG MBH Tons

S-Fan HP

R-Fan HP

32,000 1,890 83 48 26

RTU-0 Basement AAON RM-008-3-0-AA02 2004 RECIP Yes Yes 3,105 270 8 5 2

RTU-1 First Floor AAON RM-025-3-0-AA02 2004 RECIP Yes Yes 9,075 480 25 15 7.5

RTU-2 Second Floor AAON RM-025-3-0-AA02 2004 RECIP Yes Yes 9,550 480 25 15 10

RTU-3A 3rd Flr. Exhibits AAON RM-020-3-0-AA02 2004 RECIP Yes Yes 7,885 480 20 10 5

RTU-3B Office AAON RM-005-3-0-AA02 2004 RECIP Yes Yes 2,385 180 5 3 1

3.6 As-Built Operating Conditions

Actual operating conditions are being discovered with the aid of data loggers.

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3.7 Lighting Survey

Basement

Location

Loc'n.

ID Area

Fixt.

Tag

Fixt

Qty Type of Fixture

Lamp

descriptn

Lamp

Length

Watts/

Lamp

Ballast

Factor

Lamps/

Fixt.

Fixt.

Watts

TOTALS 116 453

Basement, North

End, Alt Bid Bsmt Bsmt L1 15 8' strip T8 4 32 1 4 128.0

Open Storage 01 Bsmt L1 13 8' strip T8 4 32 1 4 128.0

Open Storage 01 Bsmt L1A 1 4'strip T8 4 32 1 2 64.0

Elev. Equip 02 Bsmt L1 2 8' strip T8 4 32 1 4 128.0

Work Center 03 Bsmt L21 2 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Laundry 08 Bsmt L21 3 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Men 06 Bsmt L30 1 strip T8 3 25 1 4 100.0

Men 06 Bsmt L3 1 spot 75 1 1 75.0

Women 07 Bsmt L30 1 strip T8 3 25 1 4 100.0

Women 07 Bsmt L3 1 spot 75 1 1 75.0

Jan. Closet 05 Bsmt L13 1 2x2 U T8 U 32 1 2 64.0

Stair-C Stair-C Bsmt L25 2 Fl wall mtd F26 26 1 2 52.0

Stair-C Stair-C Bsmt L2 1 wall mtd. Strip T5HO 4 54 1 1 54.0

Electrical Room 04 Bsmt L1 3 8' strip T8 4 32 1 4 128.0

Stair-A Stair-A Bsmt L2 2 wall mtd. Strip T5HO 4 54 1 1 54.0

Exit Signs Bsmt Bsmt X 4 LED LED 3.4 1 1 3.4

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First Floor

Location Loc'n.

ID Area Fixt. Tag

Fixt Qty Type of Fixture

Lamp descriptn

Lamp Length

Watts/ Lamp

Ballast Factor

Lamps/ Fixt.

Fixt. Watts

Lobby 101 1Flr. L9 18 Fluor. Spot QMR16 FL 50 1 1 50.0

Lobby 101 1Flr. L26 2 Vert Fl Tube 4 39 1 1 39.0

Exhibits 100 1Flr. L12DD 1 comp fl cluster dimmable Fl 42 1 6 252.0

Exhibits 100 1Flr. L12D 19 comp fl cluster dimmable Fl 42 1 6 252.0

Exhibits 100 1Flr. L11D 5 comp fl spot dimmable Fl 32 1 2 64.0

Exhibits 100 1Flr. L17 3 strip T8 4 32 1 2 64.0

Exhibits 100 1Flr. L27D 2 big circle dimmable Fl 32 1 3 96.0

Exhibits 100 1Flr. L22D 2 24" dia circle dimmable Fl T8 U 32 1 1 32.0

Exhibits 100 1Flr. L23D 3 48" dia circle dimmable Fl T8 U 32 1 5 160.0

Exhibits 100 1Flr. L23e 1 48" dia circle dimmable Fl T8 U 32 1 5 160.0

Museum Store 101 1Flr. L7 1 3-lamp track 75 1 3 225.0

Museum Store 101 1Flr. L7 7 5-lamp track 75 1 5 375.0

Museum Store 101 1Flr. L6f,g 4 48'sq. Inv.Pyr. F42 42 1 8 336.0

Coats 105 1Flr. L8 4 Fl Spot 32 1 1 32.0

Storeroom 104 1Flr. L28 1 Wrap T8 F32 32 1 3 96.0

Stair-A Stair-A 1Flr. L25 2 Wall Sconce F26 26 1 2 52.0

Stair-A Stair-A 1Flr. L2 1 wall mtd. Strip T5HO 4 54 1 1 54.0

Stair-A Hall 106 1Flr. L25 2 Fl wall mtd F26 26 1 2 52.0

Corridor 108 1Flr. L22Ae 4 24" dia circle dimmable Fl T8 U 32 1 1 32.0

Women 107 1Flr. L30 1 strip T8 3 25 1 4 100.0

Women 107 1Flr. L21 2 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Jan. Closet 109 1Flr. L13 1 2x2 U T8 U 32 1 2 64.0

Men 110 1Flr. L30 1 strip T8 3 25 1 4 100.0

Men 110 1Flr. L21 2 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Family 111 1Flr. L30 1 strip T8 3 25 1 4 100.0

Recvg/Storage 112 1Flr. L1b 3 4' strip T8 4 32 1 2 64.0

Recvg/Storage 112 1Flr. L1c 3 8' strip T8 4 32 1 4 128.0

Stair-C Stair-C 1Flr. L25 2 Fl wall mtd F26 26 1 2 52.0

Stair-C Stair-C 1Flr. L2 1 wall mtd. Strip T5HO 4 54 1 1 54.0

Stair-B Stair-B 1Flr. L2 2 wall mtd. Strip T5HO 4 54 1 1 54.0

Exit Signs First Flr 1Flr. X 9 LED LED 3.4 1 1 3.4

Exterior Lighting First Flr 1Flr. L16 14 MH wall mtd MH 70 1.15 1 80.5

Exterior Lighting First Flr 1Flr. L24? 12 MH Rec Can MH 70 1.15 1 80.5

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Second Floor

Location Loc'n.

ID Area Fixt. Tag

Fixt Qty Type of Fixture

Lamp descriptn

Lamp Length

Watts/ Lamp

Ballast Factor

Lamps/ Fixt.

Fixt. Watts

Climber 200 2Flr. L9 28 Fluor. Spot QMR16 FL 50 1 1 50.0

Multi-Purpose 200 2Flr. L12D 21 comp fl cluster dimmable Fl 42 1 6 252.0

Multi-Purpose 200 2Flr. L17D 2 strip T8 4 32 1 2 64.0

Multi-Purpose 200 2Flr. L11D 4 comp fl spot dimmable Fl 32 1 2 64.0

Multi-Purpose 200 2Flr. L17D 3 8'strip T8 4 32 1 4 128.0

Multi-Purpose 200 2Flr. L17D 1 4'strip T8 4 32 1 2 64.0

Multi-Purpose 200 2Flr. L11D 12 comp fl spot dimmable Fl 32 1 2 64.0

Vending 209 2Flr. L11D 2 comp fl spot dimmable Fl 32 1 2 64.0

Kitchen 210 2Flr. L8 6 Recessed can 32 1 1 32.0

Meeting/Rental 207 2Flr. L8 3 Recessed can 32 1 1 32.0

Meeting/Rental 207 2Flr. L21 8 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Meeting/Rental 207 2Flr. L18 1 Under Cabinet FL T8 4 32 1 1 32.0

Meeting/Rental 206 2Flr. L8 2 Recessed can 32 1 1 32.0

Meeting/Rental 206 2Flr. L21 6 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Meeting/Rental 206 2Flr. L18 1 Under Cabinet FL T8 4 32 1 1 32.0

Jan. Closet 201 2Flr. L13 1 2x2 U T8 U 32 1 2 64.0

Elevator Lobby 205 2Flr. L11D 5 comp fl spot dimmable Fl 32 1 2 64.0

Storage 204 2Flr. L13 1 2x2 U T8 U 32 1 2 64.0

Women 202 2Flr. L29 1 Recessed 2x4 T8 4 32 1 4 128.0

Women 202 2Flr. L8 1 Recessed can 32 1 1 32.0

Women 202 2Flr. L21 2 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Men 203 2Flr. L29 1 Recessed 2x4 T8 4 32 1 4 128.0

Men 203 2Flr. L8 1 Recessed can 32 1 1 32.0

Men 203 2Flr. L21 2 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Exit Signs 2nd.Flr 2Flr. X 3 LED LED 3.4 1 1 3.4

Exterior Lighting 2nd.Flr 2Flr. L14 6 MH Wall mtd MH 70 1.15 1 80.5

Exterior Lighting 2nd.Flr 2Flr. L31 1 MH Wall mtd MH 400 1.15 1 460.0

Exterior Lighting 2nd.Flr 2Flr. L15d 6 BEGA 39 1 1 39.0

Stair-A Stair-A 2Flr. L2 2 wall mtd. Strip T5HO 4 54 1 1 54.0

Stair-B Stair-B 2Flr. L2 2 wall mtd. Strip T5HO 4 54 1 1 54.0

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Third Floor

Location Loc'n.

ID Area Fixt. Tag

Fixt Qty Type of Fixture

Lamp descriptn

Lamp Length

Watts/ Lamp

Ballast Factor

Lamps/ Fixt.

Fixt. Watts

Climber 300 3Flr. L9 19 Fluor. Spot QMR16 FL 50 1 1 50.0

Climber 300 3Flr. L19 3 spot 50 1 1 50.0

Exhibits 300 3Flr. L12D 12 comp fl cluster dimmable Fl 42 1 6 252.0

Exhibits 300 3Flr. L11D 6 comp fl spot dimmable Fl 32 1 2 64.0

Exhibits 300 3Flr. L20D 1 72" diam Fl. dimmable Fl T8 32 1 8 256.0

Volunteers Room 302 3Flr. L21 9 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Conference 304 3Flr. L21 2 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Office 305 3Flr. L21 2 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Staff 306 3Flr. L21 12 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Reception 301 3Flr. L21 2 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Hall 3Flr. L18 1 Under Cabinet FL T8 4 32 1 1 32.0

Hall 3Flr. L11D 3 comp fl spot dimmable Fl 32 1 2 64.0

Toilet 303 3Flr. L30 1 2x4 rec T8 T8 4 26 1 4 104.0

Stair-A Stair-A 3Flr. L2 2 wall mtd. Strip T5HO 4 54 1 1 54.0

Stair-B Stair-B 3Flr. L2 2 wall mtd. Strip T5HO 4 54 1 1 54.0

Exhibits 300A 3Flr. L21D 3 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Exhibits 300B 3Flr. L21D 5 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Exhibits 300B 3Flr. L21 1 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Exhibits 300B 3Flr. L18 1 Under Cabinet FL T8 4 32 1 1 32.0

Classroom 313 3Flr. L8D 3 Recessed can 32 1 1 32.0

Classroom 313 3Flr. L21D 8 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Classroom 313 3Flr. L18 1 Under Cabinet FL T8 4 32 1 1 32.0

Classroom 312 3Flr. L8D 2 Recessed can 32 1 1 32.0

Classroom 312 3Flr. L21D 6 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Classroom 312 3Flr. L18 1 Under Cabinet FL T8 4 32 1 1 32.0

Elevator Lobby 311 3Flr. L11b 4 comp fl spot 32 1 2 64.0

Nursing 307 3Flr. L11 2 comp fl spot 32 1 2 64.0

Women 308 3Flr. L8 2 Recessed can 32 1 1 32.0

Women 308 3Flr. L29 1 Recessed 2x4 T8 4 32 1 4 128.0

Women 308 3Flr. L21 2 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Men 309 3Flr. L8 2 Recessed can 32 1 1 32.0

Men 309 3Flr. L29 1 Recessed 2x4 T8 4 32 1 4 128.0

Men 309 3Flr. L21 2 2x4 rec. Fl T8 4 32 1 3 96.0

Exit Signs 3rd..Flr 3Flr. X 5 LED LED 3.4 1 1 3.4

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4 Energy Use Comparison Tools 4.1 Energy Plus

The Children’s Discovery Museum building’s energy use was simulated using the Energy Plus energy analysis computer program. Major energy-using system families in the buildings are:

• HVAC equipment • Lighting • Exhibit Power

The technique used to determine energy used by the HVAC systems was to employ Energy Plus – a software program sponsored by the Department of Energy. It is quite comprehensive; its ancestry goes back more than 30 years.

Figure 4.1 Energy Plus Model of CDM building (North west view)

Figure 4.2 Energy Plus Model of CDM building (South west aerial view)

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First Floor Second Floor Third Flo or

Figure 4.3 CDM: Energy Plus Zoning of the Building

The Energy Plus computer program was used to simulate the performance of the unitary heating, ventilation, and air conditioning equipment in the Visual Impact Products building. A comprehensive eight-zone model of the facility was developed. The building envelope (walls, roof, and windows) was defined, as were lights, occupants, and internal loads. Hourly weather data from National Weather Service was used. The energy use of the facility is calculated each hour for a one-year period. The effects of the sun, clouds, internal and external space temperatures, operation of lights and internal equipment are all considered by the program. Major parameters used to define the Base model for Visual Impact Products building is in the table below.

EP Zone ID

Energy Plus zone ID

Floor Area

sf Height

ft CFM-

S CFM-

E CFM-

OA

Air Cond

Est Tons

SF/ Ton

Pct OA

OA CFM

USED IN EP

Peo-ple

Liting KW

Intern'l Elect kw

Internal Gas MBH

Totals: 35,400 32,000 8,000 8,000 83 136 46.7 17.7 0 1 Basement 99977B 6,000 13.7 3,105 776 776 8.0 750 25% 776 2 5.462 3.000 2 First Flr. 3ACB4E 9,800 17 9,075 2,269 2,269 25.0 392 25% 2,269 40 13.855 4.900

3 2nd Flr Exhibit. 209600 8,660 13 8,180 2,045 2,045 25.0 346 25% 2,045 40 8.558 4.330

4 3rd Flr Exhibit. EBE3AC 6315 14 6,205 1,551 1,551 20.0 316 25% 1,551 35 6.613 3.158

5 2nd Classrooms EEEEE5 1140 13 1,370 343 343 25% 343 5 3.000 0.570

6 3rd Classrooms D47ED8 1140 14 1,680 420 420 25% 420 5 3.000 0.570

7 Conference B9C89A 665 14 875 219 219 25% 219 3 1.056 0.333 8 Staff E054E6 1680 14 1,510 378 378 5.0 336 25% 378 6 1.864 0.840

Exterior 3.270

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Operations - Present

Equipment Schedules Temperature Schedules

Heating On 1 Oct, OFF 30 May Heating Cooling

Cooling On 15 May, OFF 31 Oct Occ UnOcc Occ UnOcc

Basement 74 69 75 78

First Flr. 74 69 75 78

2nd Flr Exhibit. 74 69 75 78

3rd Flr Exhibit. 74 69 75 78

Table 4.4 Energy Plus Model of Building (Major Para meters)

Energy Plus was used to evaluate the effects of temperature deadbands, set-backs, seasonal setpoint adjustments, and HVAC system shut-down on nights and weekends. As the natural gas and electricity use of the facility was known, the Energy Plus model of the facility was tuned to obtain that quantity of annual gas consumption. Once this was done, the effects of certain conservation measures were determined by making changes to the base model and noting the changes in energy use. More information on Energy Plus may be found at: http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/energyplus

Finally, the estimated savings and the additional costs of implementing all analyzed ECRMs are evaluated in a life cycle cost analysis.

4.2 Actual and Simulated Energy Consumption Profiles

The figures below illustrate the actual energy consumption profiles [Bills in Green] as taken from utility bills for the Children’s Discovery Museum. They show the results of the Energy Plus model of the building [BASE: in Green]. And lastly, they show the expected LEED energy use profile [LEED in Red]. Figure 4.5 shows the gas; figure 4.6 shows the electricity use.

Figure 4.5 Comparison of Actual and Modeled [Base] Gas Use

Annual gas use from the utility bills was 12,810 therms for a 12-month period from January 2009 through January 2010. The cost of gas for the one-year period was $9,243.

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The results in Figures 4.5 and 4.6 indicate a good match between the Energy Plus model and the actual gas and electricity consumption for both buildings. The outside air quantities, space temperatures, and lighting & HVAC equipment run hours were all adjusted to tune the model to match the gas and electricity use of the bills.

Actual electricity consumption is based on the bills provided by Town of Normal staff was 634,760 kWh for the one-year period from January 2009 to January 2010. The average monthly peak demand was 142 kW. The maximum yearly peak was 157 kW. The cost of electricity for the year was $58,230. Annual peak demand charges were $9,872. Consumption charges were $48,357.

Figure 4.6 Comparison of Actual and Modeled [Base] Electricity Use. 4.3 Energy Cost Breakout In the figure below, energy costs are broken out by major system group for the Children’s Discovery Museum. Beginning with Interior Lighting cost (beginning a 12 o’clock) and moving in a clockwise direction, the estimated annual costs are shown.

Figure 4.7 CDM: Energy Cost Breakouts

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The energy cost breakout is presented in tabular form below.

Item Installed

KW Estimated KWH/ Yr.

Estimated Therms/

Yr.

Estimated Annual Total

Cost Pct $

TOTALS: 142.0 634,759 12,810 $67,472 100%

Interior Lighting 45.7 264,029 0 $23,292 34.5%

HVAC (Cooling) 90.4 118,062 0 $11,090 16.4%

HVAC (Heating) 0.0 0 13,040 $9,409 13.9%

HVAC Fans 10.4 90,829 0 $7,643 11.3%

Interior Equipmt. 20.6 126,696 0 $11,082 16.4%

Exterior Lighting 0.0 13,048 0 $994 1.5% Domestic Hot Water 30.0 14,590 0 $3,199 4.7%

Adjustments -55.0 7,504 -230 $763 1.1%

Table 4.8 CDM: Energy Cost Breakout

By the Numbers. The figure below comments on several energy use metrics. The equivalent full load hours term suggests many loads are left on all night. The night photo of CDM (below) confirms it.

By the Numbers [Present Condition]

Item Value Unit Value Comment Implication

floor area (sf) 35,400

elect kwh 634,760 17.93 kwh/sf/yr [mid-range]

elect kw 157.00 4.44 wsf [high] This is on the high side. Perhaps due to the exhibit loads.

Equiv. Full Load Hrs 4,474 hours [high] Suggests many loads are left on all night.

Nat. Gas (therms) 12,810 0.36 Therms/sf/yr [mid-range]

Lighting wsf 1.3

Table 4.9 CDM: Energy Use Metrics Comments

Figure 4.10 CDM: Taken at night (10pm) Wednesday F ebruary 3, 2010.

Shows full lighting fully ON in 2nd and 3rd floor e xhibit spaces

5 Utility Rates The client provided the historic record of natural and electricity monthly consumption and costs.

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For the 12-month period from January 2009 to January 2010, it was determined that for the electricity demand charge was $5.80/month. The electricity consumption cost was about $0.0762 per kWh. The overall blended average cost per kilowatt-hour was: $0.0917. The service provider is Ameren. Ameren is the Local Distribution Company. For a 12-month period from January 2009 through January 2010, the natural gas cost averaged $0.7215 per therm.