Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or...

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Transcript of Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or...

Page 1: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou
Page 2: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

Retinopathy of Prematurity

“State of the art”

Susana Teixeira

Retina Department Ophthalmology Service Hospital Prof. Dr. Fernando Fonseca

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Page 4: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

Cryo-ROP Cooperative Group

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Page 6: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

23-25 weeks Vascular density Inner plexus of peripheral retina External plexus of all retina Dependent of metabolic necessities of the retina (VEGF-IGF)

12 weeks Posterior retinal surface “VEGF independent”

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O2 VEGF / IGF-1

Angiogenesis VEGF

Maternal utero – Hypoxic environement

O2

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Premature newly-born infant

Stop retinal vascularization (Imature lung) Suplemental O2

Suffering/Stress

IGF-1

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VEGF

Hypoxia

PHASE I ROP

ischemic

PHASE II ROP

proliferative

Hyperoxia

VEGF

(Loss of vessels induced

by oxygen) IGF-1

IGF-1

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GA < 32 w

BW < 1500 gr

Race

Multiple births

Light

Sepsis

Vit E

Surfactante

IVH

Indometacin

Respiratory distress syndrome

Jaundice

Bronchopulmunary dysplasia

PaCO2

Apnoea

Anemia

Erythropoietin

Transfer to another hospital

Supplemental Steroids

Candida sepsis

Hyperglycemia

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1942 Terry – Retrolental fibroplasia 1950 ROP epidemic 1951 Campbell - use of O2

1970 Technical developments in NICU

1953 Ashton & col. 1953 Patz 1956 Kinsey O2 Risk

factor

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Extent

Location

Stages

Plus Disease

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STAGE 1 – Demarcation Line

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STAGE 2 – Ridge

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STAGE 3 – Extraretinal Fibrovascular Proliferation

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STAGE 4A – Partial extrafoveal Retinal Detachment STAGE 4B – Partial foveal Retinal Detachment

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STAGE 5 – Total Retinal Detachment

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1 hour Extension 30º = 1 hour Extent

Location

Stages

Plus Disease

Page 20: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

28D Lens

Extent

Location

Stages

Plus Disease

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Extent

Location

Stages

Plus Disease +

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Pupilar rigidity Iris vascular engorgement Dilation and tortuosity of peripheral retinal vessels Vitreous haze

“Venous dilatation and arteriolar tortuosity of the vessels of the

posterior pole”

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Zone II, 5h, Stage 3 + LE

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Uncommon Rapidly Progressive Zone I or Posterior Zone II Does not progress through 1-3 stages “Flat neovascularization Diagnosis made in a single visit

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Poorly responsive to the ablative treatment

+ disease in the 4 quadrants + disease out of proportion to the peripheral ROP Shunts – circunpherencial vessels Hemorrhages

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Ischemia Phase 2 ROP

VEGF Proliferation

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Page 28: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

Open the conjunctiva

General anesthesia

Pupillary dilation

Cryo-probe

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Page 34: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

Ocular Sistemics

Hyphema Conjunctival lesions Central vein occlusion Arterial occlusion Cataract Ischemia of the anterior segment Uveitis Choroid hemorrhage Vitreous hemorrhage High myopia

Apnea Cardiac arrest Bradicardia Hypoxemia Re-intubation

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Treated Visual

Acuity

Treated Anatomic

Outcome

N. Trea Visual

Acuity

N. Trat Anatomic

Outcome

12M 35% 25,7% 56,3% 47,4%

3,5 Y 46,6% 26,6% 57,7% 45,5%

5,5 Y 47,1% 26,9% 61,7% 45,4%

10 Y 44,4% 27,7% 62,1% 47,9%

31,5% blind eyes

% Unfavourable outcome at 10 years follow-up

% Unfavourable visual outcome at 15 years follow-up – 44,7%

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Type 1 ROP – High risk of evolution to unfavorable outcome (> 15%) Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease

Zona I, estadio 1 ou 2 sem doença plus Zona II, estadio 3 sem doença plus

Type 2 ROP – Low risk of evolution to unfavorable outcome (< 15%)

Plus disease - 2 quadrants of dilation and tortuosity of posterior retinal blood vessels

42h

Page 37: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

6,4% Reduction in Unfavourable Structural Outcome

9,1%) (15,5%

(19,5% 14,5%) 5% Reduction in Unfavourable Visual Outcome

Page 38: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou
Page 39: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou
Page 40: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

Hypoxia VEGF

VEGF Hyperoxia (Oxygen Induced Vessels Loss)

OIR

VEGF

Page 41: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

100%

32 weeks PMA

ROP NATURAL HISTORY

46 weeks PMA

Pre-threshold ROP – [32, 41.5] Weeks ROP Involution – [34, 38.8] Weeks

Anti-angiogenic therapy

VEGF

Page 42: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou
Page 43: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

0,03 ml Avastin® (0,75 mg bevacizumab)

Page 44: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

Retina 28:831-838,208

Page 45: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou
Page 46: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou
Page 47: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou
Page 48: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou
Page 49: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Zone II Zone I Stage 4-A

468 1

203

60

13

50

Threshold Tipe I Laser/avastin

Page 50: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

1 23,7 630 L L av OE 36 IAP

2 23 590 L L av ODE 37 IAP

3 28 1380 L L av ODE 38 IAP

4 28 1200 L L av ODE 37 IAP

5 24,6 710 A A av ODE 37 II

6 25 780 L L av ODE 35 I

7 25 535 A A av ODE 35 I

8 26,5 890 A A av OE 36 I

9 25 735 L A av OE 38 I

10 26,2 840 A A av ODE 35 II p

11 29 1195 A A av OD 35 II p

12 26 950 L A av OE 35 I

13 27 700 A A av ODE 34 IAP

14 24,6 678 A A av ODE 34,5 I

15 26,4 635 A L av OD 39 II

16 27 790 L L av OD 38 II

17 24,3 701 A A av ODE 33 I

18 29,6 1050 A L av OD 38 II

19 26 915 A A av ODE 38 II

20 24,2 915 L A av OE 35 I

21 25,5 628 A A av ODE 35 IAP

22 24,3 670 A L av OD 35 I

23 24,2 750 L A av OE 35 I

24 25 625 L A av OE 35 I

25 25 800 A L av OD 34 II

26 24 600 A A av ODE 36 II p

2 26 920 A A av ODE 39 II p

28 27 900 A av OE 38 II p

29 25 800 A av OE 37 II

30 24 580 A A av ODE 32,5 IAP

31 24 570 A A av ODE 32,5 I

32 26 520 A A av ODE 38 II p

33 27 815 A A av ODE 34 IAP

34 25 815 L L av OE 35 II p

35 25 750 A A av ODE 36 I

36 25 670 A A av ODE 36 I

37 27 945 A A av ODE 38 II p

38 24 720 A A av ODE 40 II

39 24 600 A A av ODE 33 I AP

40 25 615 A A av ODE 38 II p

41 25 885 A av OE 38 II p

42 24 489 A A av ODE 35 I

43 25,5 570 A A av ODE 37 I

44 25 700 A A av ODE 35 I

45 23,2 700 A A av ODE 39,5 II p

46 24 670 A A av ODE 33,5 I

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Combined treatment

Total treatments

Primary treatment

1 23,7 630 L L av OE 36 IAP

2 23 590 L L av ODE 37 IAP

3 28 1380 L L av ODE 38 IAP

4 28 1200 L L av ODE 37 IAP

5 24,6 710 A A av ODE 37 II

6 25 780 L L av ODE 35 I

7 25 535 A A av ODE 35 I

8 26,5 890 A A av OE 36 I

9 25 735 L A av OE 38 I

10 26,2 840 A A av ODE 35 II p

11 29 1195 A A av OD 35 II p

12 26 950 L A av OE 35 I

13 27 700 A A av ODE 34 IAP

14 24,6 678 A A av ODE 34,5 I

15 26,4 635 A L av OD 39 II

16 27 790 L L av OD 38 II

17 24,3 701 A A av ODE 33 I

18 29,6 1050 A L av OD 38 II

19 26 915 A A av ODE 38 II

20 24,2 915 L A av OE 35 I

21 25,5 628 A A av ODE 35 IAP

22 24,3 670 A L av OD 35 I

23 24,2 750 L A av OE 35 I

24 25 625 L A av OE 35 I

25 25 800 A L av OD 34 II

26 24 600 A A av ODE 36 II p

2 26 920 A A av ODE 39 II p

28 27 900 A av OE 38 II p

29 25 800 A av OE 37 II

30 24 580 A A av ODE 32,5 IAP

31 24 570 A A av ODE 32,5 I

32 26 520 A A av ODE 38 II p

33 27 815 A A av ODE 34 IAP

34 25 815 L L av OE 35 II p

35 25 750 A A av ODE 36 I

36 25 670 A A av ODE 36 I

37 27 945 A A av ODE 38 II p

38 24 720 A A av ODE 40 II

39 24 600 A A av ODE 33 I AP

40 25 615 A A av ODE 38 II p

41 25 885 A av OE 38 II p

42 24 489 A A av ODE 35 I

43 25,5 570 A A av ODE 37 I

44 25 700 A A av ODE 35 I

45 23,2 700 A A av ODE 39,5 II p

46 24 670 A A av ODE 33,5 I

Page 52: Retinopathy of Prematurity · Zone I, any stage ROP with plus disease Zona I, stage 3 with or without plus disease Zona II, stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease Zona I, estadio 1 ou

AP-ROP

Zone II ROP Post. Zone II ROP

Zone I ROP

Primary treatment

1 23,7 630 L L av OE 36 IAP

2 23 590 L L av ODE 37 IAP

3 28 1380 L L av ODE 38 IAP

4 28 1200 L L av ODE 37 IAP

5 24,6 710 A A av ODE 37 II

6 25 780 L L av ODE 35 I

7 25 535 A A av ODE 35 I

8 26,5 890 A A av OE 36 I

9 25 735 L A av OE 38 I

10 26,2 840 A A av ODE 35 II p

11 29 1195 A A av OD 35 II p

12 26 950 L A av OE 35 I

13 27 700 A A av ODE 34 IAP

14 24,6 678 A A av ODE 34,5 I

15 26,4 635 A L av OD 39 II

16 27 790 L L av OD 38 II

17 24,3 701 A A av ODE 33 I

18 29,6 1050 A L av OD 38 II

19 26 915 A A av ODE 38 II

20 24,2 915 L A av OE 35 I

21 25,5 628 A A av ODE 35 IAP

22 24,3 670 A L av OD 35 I

23 24,2 750 L A av OE 35 I

24 25 625 L A av OE 35 I

25 25 800 A L av OD 34 II

26 24 600 A A av ODE 36 II p

2 26 920 A A av ODE 39 II p

28 27 900 A av OE 38 II p

29 25 800 A av OE 37 II

30 24 580 A A av ODE 32,5 IAP

31 24 570 A A av ODE 32,5 I

32 26 520 A A av ODE 38 II p

33 27 815 A A av ODE 34 IAP

34 25 815 L L av OE 35 II p

35 25 750 A A av ODE 36 I

36 25 670 A A av ODE 36 I

37 27 945 A A av ODE 38 II p

38 24 720 A A av ODE 40 II

39 24 600 A A av ODE 33 I AP

40 25 615 A A av ODE 38 II p

41 25 885 A av OE 38 II p

42 24 489 A A av ODE 35 I

43 25,5 570 A A av ODE 37 I

44 25 700 A A av ODE 35 I

45 23,2 700 A A av ODE 39,5 II p

46 24 670 A A av ODE 33,5 I

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13 27 700 A A av ODE 34 IAP

39 24 600 A A av ODE 33 IAP

46 24 670 A A av ODE 33,5 I

23 24,2 750 L A av OE 35 I

30 24 580 A A av ODE 32,5 I AP

1 23,7 630 L L av OE 36 IAP

2 23 590 L L av ODE 37 IAP

3 28 1380 L L av ODE 38 IAP

4 28 1200 L L av ODE 37 IAP

5 24,6 710 A A av ODE 37 II

6 25 780 L L av ODE 35 I

7 25 535 A A av ODE 35 I

8 26,5 890 A A av OE 36 I

9 25 735 L A av OE 38 I

10 26,2 840 A A av ODE 35 II p

11 29 1195 A A av OD 35 II p

12 26 950 L A av OE 35 I

13 27 700 A A av ODE 34 IAP

14 24,6 678 A A av ODE 34,5 I

15 26,4 635 A L av OD 39 II

16 27 790 L L av OD 38 II

17 24,3 701 A A av ODE 33 I

18 29,6 1050 A L av OD 38 II

19 26 915 A A av ODE 38 II

20 24,2 915 L A av OE 35 I

21 25,5 628 A A av ODE 35 IAP

22 24,3 670 A L av OD 35 I

23 24,2 750 L A av OE 35 I

24 25 625 L A av OE 35 I

25 25 800 A L av OD 34 II

26 24 600 A A av ODE 36 II p

2 26 920 A A av ODE 39 II p

28 27 900 A av OE 38 II p

29 25 800 A av OE 37 II

30 24 580 A A av ODE 32,5 IAP

31 24 570 A A av ODE 32,5 I

32 26 520 A A av ODE 38 II p

33 27 815 A A av ODE 34 IAP

34 25 815 L L av OE 35 II p

35 25 750 A A av ODE 36 I

36 25 670 A A av ODE 36 I

37 27 945 A A av ODE 38 II p

38 24 720 A A av ODE 40 II

39 24 600 A A av ODE 33 I AP

40 25 615 A A av ODE 38 II p

41 25 885 A av OE 38 II p

42 24 489 A A av ODE 35 I

43 25,5 570 A A av ODE 37 I

44 25 700 A A av ODE 35 I

45 23,2 700 A A av ODE 39,5 II p

46 24 670 A A av ODE 33,5 I

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1 23,7 630 L L av OE 36 IAP -12 -10

2 23 590 L L av ODE 37 IAP -13 -13

3 28 1380 L L av ODE 38 IAP -5 -5

4 28 1200 L L av ODE 37 IAP -7 -7

6 25 780 L L av ODE 35 I -6 -6

7 25 535 A A av ODE 35 I -1 -1

8 26,5 890 A A av OE 36 I -1 -1

9 25 735 L A av OE 38 I -2 3

10 26,2 840 A A av ODE 35 II p 1 1

11 29 1195 A A av OD 35 II p 3 4

12 26 950 L A av OE 35 I -3 0

14 24,6 678 A A av ODE 34,5 I 2 2

15 26,4 635 A L av OD 39 II 1 0

16 27 790 L L av OD 38 II -5 -3

17 24,3 701 A A av ODE 33 I 0 0

18 29,6 1050 A L av OD 38 II 3 3

20 24,2 915 L A av OE 35 I -4 1

21 25,5 628 A A av ODE 35 IAP 1 1,5

22 24,3 670 A L av OD 35 I 1,5 -7

23 24,2 750 L A av OE 35 I -14 -4

24 25 625 L A av OE 35 I -10 1

25 25 800 A L av OD 34 II 3 3

28 26 920 A A av ODE 39 II p 3 1

9 25 735 L A av OE 38 I -2 3

12 26 950 L A av OE 35 I -3 0

15 26,4 635 A L av OD 39 II 1 0

18 29,6 1050 A L av OD 38 II 3 3

20 24,2 915 L A av OE 35 I -4 1

22 24,3 670 A L av OD 35 I 1,5 -7

23 24,2 750 L A av OE 35 I -14 -4

24 25 625 L A av OE 35 I -10 1

25 25 800 A L av OD 34 II 3 3

1 23,7 630 L L av OE 36 IAP -12 -10

2 23 590 L L av ODE 37 IAP -13 -13

3 28 1380 L L av ODE 38 IAP -5 -5

4 28 1200 L L av ODE 37 IAP -7 -7

6 25 780 L L av ODE 35 I -6 -6

16 27 790 L L av OD 38 II -5 -3

7 25 535 A A av ODE 35 I -1 -1

8 26,5 890 A A av OE 36 I -1 -1

10 26,2 840 A A av ODE 35 II p 1 1

11 29 1195 A A av OD 35 II p 3 4

14 24,6 678 A A av ODE 34,5 I 2 2

17 24,3 701 A A av ODE 33 I 0 0

21 25,5 628 A A av ODE 35 IAP 1 1,5

28 26 920 A A av ODE 39 II p 3 1

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9 L A av OE I -2 3

12 L A av OE I -3 0

15 A L av OD II 1 0

18 A L av OD II 3 3

20 L A av OE I -4 1

22 A L av OD I 1,5 -7

23 L A av OE I -14 -4

24 L A av OE I -10 1

25 A L av OD II 3 3

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13 27 700 A A av ODE 34 IAP

39 24 600 A A av ODE 33 IAP

46 24 670 A A av ODE 33,5 I

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23 24,2 750 L A av OE 35 I

30 24 580 A A av ODE 32,5 I AP

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A. Travassos

12 weeks

12 weeks

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J Pediatr 2013;163:1570-7

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