Rethinking Development in the Age of Social Media
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Rethinking “Development” in the Age of Social Media
Leslie ChanUniversity of Toronto Scarborough
Peace and Conflict Conference 2012University of Torontohttp://peaceandconflict.ca/rootsandlegacies/
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“ What has Wikipedia got to do with the 49 percent of the population of Congo that lacks sustainable access to improve water resources?”
Yochai Benkler (2006) The Wealth of Network
http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/wealth_of_networks/Chapter_9%2C_section_2
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“Today’s technology can empower civil society, including the diaspora, to collaborate and support the development process. This collaboration is about shifting the emphasis from organizations to people, and empowering them to solve their own problems and develop their own solutions using maps.”
World Bank Vice President for the Africa Region Obiageli Ezekwesili,
http://google-latlong.blogspot.com/2012/01/world-bank-and-google-join-forces-to.html
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http://afrographique.tumblr.com/post/7087562485/infographic-depicting-smart-and-dumb-mobile
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Patents granted (2002)
http://www.worldmapper.org/display.php?selected=167
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http://phandroid.com/2012/01/24/infographic-the-patent-wars-web/
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PIPA (Protect IP Act)
Research Works Act
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http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2012/jan/16/academic-publishers-enemies-science
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The World of Journal Publishing According to Thomson’s ISI Science Citation Index
Data from 2002http://www.worldmapper.org/display.php?selected=205
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“ What has Wikipedia got to do with the 49 percent of the population of Congo that lacks sustainable access to improve water resources?”
Yochai Benkler (2006) The Wealth of Network
http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/wealth_of_networks/Chapter_9%2C_section_2
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Commons based peer productionOpenCollaborativeNon-proprietary
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• High entry cost• Turing raw materials
into goods• Firms and
Corporation• Vertical organization• Centralized decision
making• Standardization
• Relatively low entry cost
• Knowledge as raw material
• Distributed production• Horizontal organization• Flexible decision
making• Customization
Industrial Information Economy
Networked Information Economy
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“In the 17th century, imperial cartographers had an advantage over local communities. They could see the big picture. In the 21st century, the tables have turned: local communities can make the biggest on the ground difference. Crowdsourced citizen cartographers can help make it happen.” (Caroline Anstey)
Here’s another version: “In the 21st century, for-profit companies like Google Inc have an
advantage over local communities. They can use big license restrictions. With the Google-Bank partnership, Google can use local communities to collect information for free and make the biggest profit. Crowdsourced citizen cartographers can help make it happen.” (Ushahidi)
http://blog.ushahidi.com/index.php/2012/01/25/google-inc-world-bank-empowering-citizen-cartographers/
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http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Google_Map_Maker
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