Respiratory SystemRespiratory System

Sports Training and PhysiologySports Training and PhysiologyKociubaKociuba

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Respiratory System - ObjectivesRespiratory System - Objectives

• State the functions of the respiratory system

• Describe the anatomy of the system

• Explain how the gas exchange is possible and how the parts work together for it

• Discuss effects of training on the lungs

• Review how aging changes the system

Functions of the Respiratory Functions of the Respiratory SystemSystem

• Gas exchange– Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange

• Regulation of blood pH– It alters the pH by the amount of carbon

dioxide found in the blood

• Voice production– Air movement past the vocal folds creates

sound and makes speech possible

Functions of the Respiratory Functions of the Respiratory SystemSystem

• Olfaction (smelling)– When we breathe in through our nose, our

sense of smell occurs

• Protection– Prevents some micro organisms from entering

the body and removes them from respiratory surfaces

AnatomyAnatomy

• Upper Respiratory– Nose: physically seen– Nasal Cavity: back

cavity found in your face

– Pharynx: passage way shared by the digestive and respiratory system

• Lower Respiratory– Larynx: anterior part of

the throat meets the trachea

– Trachea: (aka) windpipe

– Bronchi: 2 smaller tubes of the trachea that branch into each lung

AnatomyAnatomy

AnatomyAnatomy• Lungs

– Main organs of respiration

– Right lung has 3 lobes• Superior• Middle• Inferior

– Left lung has 2 lobes• Superior • Inferior

LungsLungs

• In the lungs there are broncho-pulmonary segments– Lobar (secondary)– Segmental (tertiary)– Bronchioles– Terminal Bronchioles

AnatomyAnatomy

• The terminal bronchioles breakdown even further into respiratory bronchioles then alveoli

• Alveoli is where gas exchange happens into the capillaries

Exercise and the Respiratory Exercise and the Respiratory SystemSystem

• Respiration increases abruptly when exercise first begins

• As exercise continues, respiration then increases more gradually until the anaerobic threshold is reached

Aging and the Respiratory SystemAging and the Respiratory System

• All aspects are effected by aging• Mucus accumulates and becomes thick in

the system making it harder to clear • Maximal intake decreases because the

alveoli and bronchioles become larger creating more dead space in the lungs– This also creates dead space for gas

exchange in the alveoli and less oxygen is getting through