Respiratory System INTRO Mackenzie - Science With...
Transcript of Respiratory System INTRO Mackenzie - Science With...
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Respiratory System
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Respiratory System• 4 important structural features
– thin permeable respiratory membrane – large surface area – good supply of blood – breathing system for bringing air to
respiratory membrane
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Nasal Cavity• Air first enters the respiratory system
• Lined with tiny hairs and mucus
• Warms, moistens, & filters air
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• tube connecting the nasal cavity to the larynx
Epiglottis• flap-like piece of cartilage • moves to cover trachea when swallowing
Pharynx
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Larynx• “voice box”
• contains the vocal chords
• connects the pharynx to the trachea
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• “wind pipe”
• tube of soft tissue with bands of cartilage • lined with goblet cells and ciliated cells that help
clean the lungs
Goblet Cells• mucous-producing cells
Trachea
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Bronchus• there are two bronchi, one to each lung
• tube structure with cartilage
• lined with goblet cells and cilia
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Bronchioles• branches off of the bronchi
• form a “respiratory tree”
• contain some goblet cells and cilia
• connect to clusters of alveoli
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Alveoli• tiny sac-like structures
• very thin, only one cell thin • surrounded by capillaries
• where gas exchange occurs
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Diaphragm• dome-shaped muscle
• helps control breathing
• moves up when exhaling