Respiratory

Respiration EquationC6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O

Function of respiratory system: gas exchange. O2 in / CO2 out

Pathway of airNose/mouth--Pharynx--Larynx—

Trachea--Bronchi---Bronchioles---Lungs---Alveoli—Capillaries

Defenses-Nose-hair traps large particlesTrachea , bronchi and bronchioles- all lined with

cilia which beat upward to sweep particles away from lungs

Mucus moistens air, traps and filters particles.Trachea is covered by epiglottis when swallowing.

Parts of the System

Trachea

Lungs

AlveoliActual site of gas exchange. Network of capillaries surround alveoli. 1

cell thick

Pulmonary arteriole

Pulmonary venule

Alveoli•Each lung has millions of tiny air sacs

•A series of dead-ends pathways

DiaphragmLarge flat muscle under lung.

Inhalation- diaphragm moves downward to help increase chest capacity. Decreases pressure so air can flow in.

Exhalation- diaphragm relaxes and moves up to push air out.

Called NEGATIVE PRESSURE BREATHING

Inhalation and Exhalation

InhalationBreathing is involuntaryControlled by Medulla oblongata

Cells monitors CO2 levelSends nerve impulses to contract diaphragmIncrease CO2= increase impulse to breath

SmokingNicotine increases heart rate and blood

pressureIncreases CO levels in bloodBlocks transport of O2Leaves tar in lungsParalyzes ciliaSwells respiratory tract